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Lichenland - http://ocid.nacse.org/lichenland/
Offers ways to find out more about lichens including Lichenlite, an introduction for children. For more advanced study there is a synoptic key and an identification aid. |
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Lichens of North America - http://www.lichen.com/
Details of the book of this name, and an interesting introduction to the biology of lichens and their relationships with man and the environment. |
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Lichen Portrait Gallery - http://www.lichen.com/portraits.html
Photographs of over eighty species of lichen from North America. |
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Introduction to Lichens - http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/fungi/lichens/lichens.html
A lichen is a combination of two organisms which live together intimately. Information on their fossil record, life history and ecology, systematics and morphology. |
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LIAS - http://www.lias.net/
Provides a global information system for lichenized and non-lichenized ascomycetes. |
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Lichen Pictures - http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/cpsu/pictures/0.html
Photographs of Acolium hawaiiense, Acroscyphus sphaerophoroides, Anaptychia leucomelos, Bacidia medialis, Bryoria furcellata, B. smithii, Buellia aeruginascens, B. proximata, B. pruinosa, B. tincta, Caloplaca erythrantha and Teloschistes flavicans. |
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Checklist of UK Recorded Lichens - http://www.thebls.org.uk/content/checklist.html
Provides a list of all the species known to be found in the United Kingdom. |
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Lichens: Dual Organisms - http://www.mycolog.com/chapter7.htm
Twenty four photographs ranging from lichen covered rock faces, through individual species to magnified sections, published in a pictorial supplement to the Fifth Kingdom. |
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Lichens as Bioindicators of Air Pollution - http://www.colostate.edu/Depts/Entomology/courses/en570/papers_1996/simonson.html
Technical article discussing how lichens play prominent roles in air pollution studies because of their sensitivity to different gaseous pollutants, particularly sulfur dioxide. |
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Walton Hall Nature Trail - http://www.open.ac.uk/Nature_Trail/Lichen.htm
Take a walk through the churchyard to see what lichens grow on the different man-made outcrops of stone. |
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Growth and Development in Lichens - http://www.earthlife.net/lichens/growth.html
Each species of lichen has its own preferred substrate. This article describes how and where they grow and the extremes of climate that they can tolerate. |
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Reproduction and Reproductive Structures - http://www.earthlife.net/lichens/reproduction.html
Outline with diagrams of the two fundamentally different sorts of reproductive bodies possessed by lichens, and the three main types of vegetative reproduction where pieces of lichen detach. |
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Cetraria islandica - http://www.lichen.com/bigpix/Cislandica.html
Photograph and information on this lichen which has been used as a food in time of famine. |
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Cladonia rangifera - http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/toms_fungi/dec2000.html
Article by Tom Volk on this lichen, often known as Reindeer Moss, and on lichens in general. |
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Lichens - http://www.backyardnature.net/lichens.htm
An illustrated introduction to the lichens with information on their ecology and reproduction. |
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Cladonia cristatella - http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/toms_fungi/jul2002.html
Article by Tom Volk on the British soldier lichen, where the fungal element is associated with the green alga, Trebouxia erici. |
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Cryptothecia rubrocincta, the Christmas Lichen - http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/toms_fungi/dec2006.html
Photographs and article by Tom Volk on this spectacular lichen which can be found in the tropical regions of the Americas. |
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Lichen Determination Keys Available on the Internet - http://www.bgbm.fu-berlin.de/sipman/keys/
Provides links to keys providing details of the lichens that can be found in many countries throughout the world. |
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Identifying North American Lichens: A Guide to the Literature - http://www.huh.harvard.edu/collections/lichens/guide/index.html
Provides general lichen references including works for beginners, lichen keys online, and a lichen bibliography by genus. |
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Peltigera aphthosa - http://www.borealforest.org/lichens/lichen8.htm
Photograph and description of the freckle pelt or spotted dog lichen, its habitat and other notes. |
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Cladina: Reindeer Lichens - http://www.borealforest.org/lichens/lichen3.htm
Information and photographs of Cladina mitis, C. rangiferina and C. stellaris, their description, habitat and other notes. |
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Cetraria islandica: Iceland Moss - http://www.pfaf.org/database/plants.php?Cetraria+islandica
Information on the edible, medicinal and other uses of this lichen from the Plants for a Future database. |
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Common Orange Lichen: Xanthoria parietina - http://www.marlin.ac.uk/species/Xanthoriaparietina.htm
Photograph and information on this species and a map showing its distribution round the coasts of Britain. |
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Black Lichen: Lichina pygmaea - http://www.marlin.ac.uk/species/Lichinapygmaea.htm
Photograph and information on this maritime species and a map showing its distribution in Britain. |
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Ramalina fastigiata with Xanthoria parietina - http://www.clear-mind-photos.com/lichens_-_fruticose_-_on_bark/ramalina_fastigiata_with_xanthoria_parietina_070608_01.htm
Photograph of these two lichens growing together on a branch. |