AllianceBernstein Holding L.P. (AB Holding) is a limited partnership company. AllianceBernstein L. P. (AllianceBernstein) is the operating partnership of the Company. AllianceBernstein provides research, diversified investment management and related services globally to a range of clients. Its principal services include Institutional Investment Services, Retail Services, Private Client Services and Institutional Research Services (IRS). Its clients include institutional clients, such as unaffiliated corporate and public employee pension funds, endowment funds, domestic and foreign institutions and governments, and various affiliates; retail clients; private clients, including high-net-worth individuals, trusts and estates, partnerships, private and family corporations, and other entities, and institutional investors seeking independent research and related services. It also provides distribution, shareholder servicing, and administrative services to its sponsored mutual funds.