http://www.google.com/notebook/feeds/09859336497580798442/notebooks/BDRIKIgoQl5beq_Uh/NDSVoIgoQ97vzhqcj2008-06-10T05:05:00.407Z2008-08-15T05:14:36.281Z<div><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"> </span></div> <div> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><i><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial">Reasoning</span></i><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"><br>The use of language so that </span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:Arial"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDQeQIgoQle3Zq_Uh"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">arguments</font></span></a><span style="color:red"> can be communicated clearly and <a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDR09IgoQ7r7-woMi"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">analyzed</font></span></a><font color="#990000"> </font><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/07491261619920101511/BDQKYIgoQ8IaB8agi"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">consistently</font></span></a> and <a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDQn9IgoQn7rFoIIi"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">effectively</font></span></a>,</span></span><i><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"> </span></i><i><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:#cc0000;font-family:Verdana">together with</span></i><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"> <a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDSXVIgoQgf72__Yh"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">rules</font></span></a> for <a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDRreIgoQgZK4_v8h"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">relating</font></span></a> <span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:Arial"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDQNsIgoQ6szzt_Mh"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">evidence</font></span></a></span> to <a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDSJLIgoQ6J3nt_Mh"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">conclusions</font></span></a><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"><span> </span>– </span>a <a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDTJcIgoQx6iWuPwh"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">psychological</font></span></a> <a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDQNsIgoQ1NLmyPgh"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">process</font></span></a> by which we reach conclusions on the basis of a body of <a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDSBsIgoQyeaN_v8h"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">information</font></span></a> (evidence</span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:Arial"><span style="color:red">), often expressed in the form of an argument.</span> </span></p> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"> </span><span style="font-size:7pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"></span></p> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial">Reasoning has two principal </span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:maroon;font-family:Arial"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDQX9IgoQquKHw4Mi"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">goals</font></span></a></span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"> or points:</span></p> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-size:4pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"> </span></p> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt;text-indent:-18pt"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"><span>1.<span>        </span></span></span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial">to ascertain the </span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:maroon;font-family:Arial"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDQtPIgoQ6Lrrzvch"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">truth</font></span></a></span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"> of a </span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:maroon;font-family:Arial"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDQxLIgoQyOvct_Mh"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">claim</font></span></a></span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial">, </span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:maroon;font-family:Arial"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDRZSIgoQ3562ivYh"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">hypothesis</font></span></a></span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial">, etc. – </span><i><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:#cc0000;font-family:Tahoma">inquiry</span></i><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"> or <span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:maroon;font-family:Tahoma"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDQX9IgoQmYzxooEi"><span style="color:maroon"><em><font color="#990000">investigation</font></em></span></a></span></span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial">;</span></p> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt;text-indent:-18pt"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"><span>2.<span>        </span></span></span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial">to </span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:maroon;font-family:Arial"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDRQYIwoQ6rbZ__Yh"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">decide</font></span></a></span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"> what to do – </span><i><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:#cc0000;font-family:Tahoma">deliberation</span></i><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"> or <span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:maroon;font-family:Tahoma"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDSdfIgoQ_c3e__Yh"><span style="color:maroon"><em><font color="#990000">decision-making</font></em></span></a></span></span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial">.</span></p> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"> </span></p> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"> </span></p> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><i><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#cc0000;font-family:Arial">Reason</span></i><span style="font-size:7pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"></span></p> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#cc0000;font-family:Arial">Faculty or capacity to </span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:maroon;font-family:Arial"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDRPpIgoQm97Egv8h"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">think</font></span></a></span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#cc0000;font-family:Arial"> or make</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"> </span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:maroon;font-family:Arial"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDRh0IgoQt7bl3PQh"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">judgements</font></span></a></span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"> </span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#cc0000;font-family:Arial">in a</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"> </span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:maroon;font-family:Arial"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/07491261619920101511/BDSzpIgoQiv32g4gi"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">logical</font></span></a></span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#cc0000;font-family:Arial">, clear and</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"> </span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:maroon;font-family:Arial"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDRZSIgoQ2e2s_v8h"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">coherent</font></span></a></span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#cc0000;font-family:Arial"> way – bringing to bear </span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:maroon;font-family:Arial"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDQNsIgoQ_OeShv4h"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">rational</font></span></a></span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"><font color="#990000"> </font><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDQWIIwoQ9vyZ4P8i"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">methods</font></span></a></span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#cc0000;font-family:Arial"> or arguments</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#cc0000;font-family:Arial">, able to </span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:maroon;font-family:Arial"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDSBGIgoQhKvxj_wh"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">consider</font></span></a></span><font color="#990000"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#cc0000;font-family:Arial"> </span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:maroon;font-family:Arial"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDSBsIgoQyeaN_v8h"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#990000"><font color="#990000">information</font></span></a></span></font><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#cc0000;font-family:Arial"> and use it to reach </span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:maroon;font-family:Arial"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDRQYIwoQ88jkzvch"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">justifiable</font></span></a></span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"> </span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:maroon;font-family:Arial"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDSJLIgoQ6J3nt_Mh"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">conclusions</font></span></a></span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#cc0000;font-family:Arial">, or resolve a </span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:maroon;font-family:Arial"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDRQYIwoQy528p_Yh"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">problem</font></span></a></span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#cc0000;font-family:Arial"> or difficulty by rational means.</span><span style="font-size:7pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"></span></p> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:Arial"> </span></p> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:Arial"> </span></p> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#cc0000;font-family:Arial">† cf. </span><i><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#cc0000;font-family:Arial">Rhetoric</span></i><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:Arial"></span></p> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#cc0000;font-family:Arial">The use of language primarily to <a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/07491261619920101511/BDRQYIwoQndubn4si"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">persuade</font></span></a> or <a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDQ5DIgoQoovq_f8h"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">influence</font></span></a><font color="#990000"> </font><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDQqFIwoQ4dfEt_Mh"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">beliefs</font></span></a> and <a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDQeQIgoQh57k__Yh"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">attitudes</font></span></a> without reference to the provision of <a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDQNsIgoQ_OeShv4h"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">rational</font></span></a><font color="#990000"> </font><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/07491261619920101511/BDQtPIgoQg8HOn4si"><span style="color:#990000"><font color="#990000">grounds</font></span></a>.</span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:Arial"></span></p> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:Arial"> </span></p> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial">(see also: <a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDRQYIwoQ5M_z5vIh"><span style="color:#990000"><font face="arial,sans-serif" color="#990000">fallacy</font></span></a><font face="arial,sans-serif" color="#990000">, </font><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDQeQIgoQle3Zq_Uh"><span style="color:#990000"><font face="arial,sans-serif" color="#990000">argument</font></span></a><font face="arial,sans-serif" color="#990000">, </font><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/07491261619920101511/BDSzpIgoQiv32g4gi"><span style="color:#990000"><font face="arial,sans-serif" color="#990000">logic</font></span></a><font face="arial,sans-serif" color="#990000">, </font><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDRzpIgoQnaGhhewh"><span style="color:#990000"><font face="arial,sans-serif" color="#990000">induction</font></span></a>).</span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:Arial"> </span></p> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:Arial"> </span></p><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:Arial"> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><b><i><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red">Back to:</span></i></b><i><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red"> </span></i><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDQ2OIgoQnpe-uJki"><em><b><span style="font-size:10pt;color:#ff9933;font-family:Tahoma"><font color="#b45f06">Glossary A-C</font></span></b></em></a><font color="#b45f06"><i><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red">, </span></i><span style="font-size:10pt;color:#ff9933;font-family:Tahoma"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDRhPIgoQmZTPsoci"><em><b><span style="color:#ff9933;font-family:Tahoma"><font color="#b45f06">Glossary D-H</font></span></b></em></a></span><i><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red">, </span></i><b><span style="font-size:10pt;color:#ff9933;font-family:Tahoma"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDQtPIgoQyMrOsoci"><em><span style="color:#ff9933;font-family:Tahoma"><font color="#b45f06">Glossary I-P</font></span></em></a></span></b><i><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red">, </span></i><b><span style="font-size:10pt;color:#ff9933;font-family:Tahoma"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDRy4IgoQzJvOsoci"><em><span style="color:#ff9933;font-family:Tahoma"><font color="#b45f06">Glossary Q-S</font></span></em></a></span></b><i><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red"><font color="#b45f06">,</font> </span></i><b><span style="font-size:10pt;color:#ff9933;font-family:Tahoma"><a href="http://www.google.com/notebook/public/09859336497580798442/BDQlbIgoQ0cGdiYci"><em><span style="color:#ff9933;font-family:Tahoma"><font color="#b45f06">Glossary T-Z</font></span></em></a></span></b></font><b><i><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red"></span></i></b></p> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"> </span></p> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><b><i><span style="font-size:10pt;color:#ff6600"><a href="http://blog.360.yahoo.com/blog-uK4ZpvghfrI43fmUf6_mPYV2"><span style="color:#ff6600"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#b45f06">Glossary of selected Judgement &amp; Decision-making, Belief-related, and other Psychology terms A-Z »</font></span></a></span></i></b><b><i><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:#ff6600;font-family:Arial"></span></i></b></p></span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:Arial"></span> </p> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="font-size:8.5pt;color:red;font-family:Arial"><a href="http://au.blog.360.yahoo.com/blog-.FMiD883dLQMqPRiPt7374.4qsD7fK8gzLK8vTNolrsY"><span style="color:#33ccff"><font face="arial,sans-serif" color="#45818e">»</font></span></a><a href="http://au.blog.360.yahoo.com/blog-.FMiD883dLQMqPRiPt7374.4qsD7fK8gzLK8vTNolrsY"><font face="arial,sans-serif"><font color="#45818e"><span style="color:#33ccff"> </span><span style="color:#33cc00">Return to </span><span style="color:#009900">belief, judgement, and clear thinking</span><span style="color:#33ccff"> »</span></font></font></a></span><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:Arial"></span></p></div> <div> </div>Glossary of selected Judgement and Decision-making, Belief-related, and other Psychology terms