Film Movie Theaters In Illinois is a term that encompasses individual motion pictures, the field of film as an art form, Movie Theaters In Illinois and the motion picture industry. Films are produced Movie Theaters In Illinois by recording images from the world with cameras, or by creating images using animation techniques or special effects.
Films are cultural artifacts created by specific Movie Theaters In Illinois cultures, which reflect those cultures, and, in turn, Movie Theaters In Illinois affect them. Film is considered to be an important art form, a source of popular entertainment and a powerful Movie Theaters In Illinois method for educating � or indoctrinating � citizens. The visual elements of cinema gives motion pictures a universal power of communication. Some films have Movie Theaters In Illinois become popular worldwide attractions by using dubbing or subtitles that translate the dialogue.
Traditional films are made up of a series of individual images called frames. When these images are shown Movie Theaters In Illinois rapidly in succession, a viewer has the illusion that Movie Theaters In Illinois motion is occurring. The Movie Theaters In Illinois viewer cannot see the flickering between frames due to an effect known as persistence of Movie Theaters In Illinois vision, whereby the eye retains a
The origin of the name "film" Movie Theaters In Illinois comes from the fact that photographic film (also called film stock) Movie Theaters In Illinois had historically been the primary medium for recording and displaying Movie Theaters In Illinois motion pictures. Many other terms exist for an individual Movie Theaters In Illinois motion picture, including picture, picture show, photo-play, flick, and most commonly, movie. Additional terms for Movie Theaters In Illinois the field Movie Theaters In Illinois in general include the big screen, the silver screen, Movie Theaters In Illinois the cinema, and the Movie Theaters In Illinois movies.In the 1860s, Movie Theaters In Illinois mechanisms for producing artificially created, two-dimensional images in motion were demonstrated with devices such as the zoetrope and the praxinoscope. Movie Theaters In Illinois These machines were outgrowths of simple optical devices (such as magic lanterns) and would display sequences of still pictures at sufficient speed for the images on the pictures to appear Movie Theaters In Illinois to be moving, a phenomenon called persistence of Movie Theaters In Illinois vision. Naturally, the images needed to be carefully designed to achieve the Movie Theaters In Illinois desired effect � and the underlying principle became the basis for the development of film animation.
A frame from Roundhay Garden Scene, the world's earliest film, by Louis Le Prince, 1888
With the development of celluloid film for still photography, Movie Theaters In Illinois it became possible to directly capture Movie Theaters In Illinois objects in motion in Movie Theaters In Illinois real time. Early versions of the technology sometimes required a person to look into a viewing machine to see the pictures which were Movie Theaters In Illinois separate paper prints attached to a drum turned by a handcrank. The pictures were shown at a variable speed Movie Theaters In Illinois of about 5 to 10 pictures per second depending on Movie Theaters In Illinois how rapidly the crank was turned. Some of these Movie Theaters In Illinois machines were coin operated. By the Movie Theaters In Illinois 1880s, the development Movie Theaters In Illinois of the motion picture camera allowed the individual Movie Theaters In Illinois component images to Movie Theaters In Illinois be captured and stored on Movie Theaters In Illinois a single reel, and led Movie Theaters In Illinois quickly to the development of Movie Theaters In Illinois a motion picture projector to shine light through the Movie Theaters In Illinois processed and printed film and magnify these "moving picture Movie Theaters In Illinois shows" onto a screen for an entire Movie Theaters In Illinois audience. These reels, so exhibited, came to be known as "motion pictures". Early motion pictures were Movie Theaters In Illinois static Movie Theaters In Illinois shots Movie Theaters In Illinois that showed an event or action with no editing or other Movie Theaters In Illinois cinematic techniques.
Ignoring Dickson's early sound experiments (1894), commercial motion pictures Movie Theaters In Illinois were purely visual art through the Movie Theaters In Illinois late 19th century, Movie Theaters In Illinois but these innovative silent films had gained a hold on the public imagination. Around the turn of the twentieth century, films began developing a narrative structure by stringing scenes together to tell narratives. The scenes were later broken up into multiple Movie Theaters In Illinois shots of varying sizes and angles. Other techniques such as camera movement were realized as effective ways to portray a story on Movie Theaters In Illinois film. Rather Movie Theaters In Illinois than leave the audience in silence, theater owners would hire a pianist or organist or a full orchestra Movie Theaters In Illinois to play music fitting the mood of the film at any given moment. By the early 1920s, most films came with a prepared list of sheet music for this purpose, with complete film scores being composed for major productions.
A shot from Georges Melies Le Voyage dans la Lune (A Trip to the Moon) (1902), an early narrative film.
The rise of European cinema was interrupted by the breakout of World War I while the film industry in United States flourished with the Movie Theaters In Illinois rise of Movie Theaters In Illinois Hollywood. However Movie Theaters In Illinois in the 1920s, European filmmakers such as Sergei Eisenstein, F. W. Murnau, and Fritz Lang, along with American innovator D. W. Griffith and the contributions of Charles Chaplin, Buster Keaton and others, continued Movie Theaters In Illinois to advance the medium. In the Movie Theaters In Illinois 1920s, new technology allowed filmmakers to attach to each film a soundtrack of speech, music and sound effects synchronized with the action on the screen. These Movie Theaters In Illinois sound films were initially distinguished by calling Movie Theaters In Illinois them "talking Movie Theaters In Illinois pictures", or talkies.
The next Movie Theaters In Illinois major step in the development of cinema was the introduction of so-called "natural" color. While the addition Movie Theaters In Illinois of sound quickly eclipsed silent Movie Theaters In Illinois film and theater Movie Theaters In Illinois musicians, Movie Theaters In Illinois color was adopted Movie Theaters In Illinois more gradually as methods evolved Movie Theaters In Illinois making it more practical and Movie Theaters In Illinois cost effective to produce "natural color" films. The public was relatively indifferent to Movie Theaters In Illinois color photography as opposed to black-and-white,[citation Movie Theaters In Illinois needed] but as color processes Movie Theaters In Illinois improved and became as affordable as black-and-white film, more and more movies were filmed in color Movie Theaters In Illinois after the end of World War II, Movie Theaters In Illinois as the industry Movie Theaters In Illinois in America came to view color as essential to attracting audiences in its competition with television, which remained a black-and-white medium until the mid-1960s. Movie Theaters In Illinois By the end of the 1960s, col
Since the decline of the studio system in Movie Theaters In Illinois the 1960s, the succeeding decades saw changes Movie Theaters In Illinois in Movie Theaters In Illinois the production and style of Movie Theaters In Illinois film. New Hollywood, French New Wave and the rise of film school educated independent filmmakers were all part of the changes the medium experienced in the latter half of the 20th century. Digital technology has been the driving force in change throughout the 1990s and into the 21st century.
Theory
Main article: Film Movie Theaters In Illinois theory
Film theory seeks to develop concise and systematic concepts that apply to the study of film Movie Theaters In Illinois as art. Movie Theaters In Illinois It was started by Ricciotto Canudo's Movie Theaters In Illinois The Birth of the Sixth Art. Formalist film theory, led by Rudolf Arnheim, Movie Theaters In Illinois Bela Balazs, and Siegfried Kracauer, emphasized how film differed from reality, and thus could be considered a valid fine art. Andre Bazin reacted against this theory by arguing that film's artistic essence lay in its ability to mechanically reproduce reality not in its differences from reality, and this gave rise to realist theory. More recent analysis spurred by Lacan's psychoanalysis and Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotics among other things has given rise to psychoanalytical film theory, structuralist film theory, feminist film Movie Theaters In Illinois theory and others.
Criticism
Main Movie Theaters In Illinois article: Film criticism
Film Movie Theaters In Illinois criticism Movie Theaters In Illinois is the analysis and evaluation of Movie Theaters In Illinois films. In general, these works can be divided into two categories: academic criticism by Movie Theaters In Illinois film scholars and journalistic film criticism that appears regularly in newspapers and other media.
Film critics working for newspapers, magazines, and broadcast media mainly review new releases. Normally they only see any given film once and have only a day or two to formulate opinions. Movie Theaters In Illinois Despite this, critics have an important impact on films, Movie Theaters In Illinois especially those of certain genres. Mass marketed action, horror, and Movie Theaters In Illinois comedy films tend not to Movie Theaters In Illinois be greatly affected by a critic's overall judgment of Movie Theaters In Illinois a film. The plot summary Movie Theaters In Illinois and description Movie Theaters In Illinois of a film that makes up the majority of any film review can still have an important impact on whether people decide to see a film. For prestige films such as most dramas, the influence of reviews is extremely important. Poor reviews will often doom a film to obscurity and financial loss.
|
The impact of a reviewer on a given film's box office performance is a matter of debate. Some claim that movie marketing is now so intense and well financed that reviewers cannot make an impact against it. Movie Theaters In Illinois However, the cataclysmic failure of some heavily-promoted movies which were harshly reviewed, as well as the unexpected success of critically praised independent movies indicates that extreme critical reactions can have considerable influence. Others note that positive film reviews have been shown to spark interest in little-known films. Conversely, there have been several films Movie Theaters In Illinois in which film companies Movie Theaters In Illinois have Movie Theaters In Illinois so little confidence Movie Theaters In Illinois that they refuse to give reviewers an advanced viewing to avoid widespread panning of the film. However, this usually backfires as Movie Theaters In Illinois reviewers are Movie Theaters In Illinois wise to the tactic and warn the public that the film may not be worth seeing Movie Theaters In Illinois and the films often do poorly as a result.
It is argued that journalist film critics should only be Movie Theaters In Illinois known Movie Theaters In Illinois as film reviewers, and true film critics Movie Theaters In Illinois are those who take a more academic approach to films. Movie Theaters In Illinois This line of work is more Movie Theaters In Illinois often known as film theory or film studies. These film critics attempt to come Movie Theaters In Illinois to understand Movie Theaters In Illinois how film Movie Theaters In Illinois and filming techniques work, and what effect they have on people. Rather than Movie Theaters In Illinois having their Movie Theaters In Illinois works published in newspapers or appear on television, their articles are published in scholarly journals, or sometimes in up-market magazines. They also tend to be Movie Theaters In Illinois affiliated with colleges or universities.
Industry
Main article: Movie Theaters In Illinois Film industry
The making and showing of motion Movie Theaters In Illinois pictures became a source of profit almost as soon as Movie Theaters In Illinois the process was invented. Upon seeing how successful their new invention, and its product, was in their native France, the Lumieres quickly set about touring the Continent to Movie Theaters In Illinois exhibit the Movie Theaters In Illinois first Movie Theaters In Illinois films privately to royalty and publicly Movie Theaters In Illinois to the masses. In each country, Movie Theaters In Illinois they would normally add Movie Theaters In Illinois new, local Movie Theaters In Illinois scenes Movie Theaters In Illinois to their catalogue and, quickly enough, found local entrepreneurs in the Movie Theaters In Illinois various countries of Movie Theaters In Illinois Europe to buy their equipment and photograph, export, import and screen additional product commercially. The Oberammergau Passion Play of 1898[citation needed] was the first commercial motion picture ever produced. Other pictures soon followed, and motion pictures became a separate Movie Theaters In Illinois industry that overshadowed the vaudeville Movie Theaters In Illinois world. Dedicated Movie Theaters In Illinois theaters and companies formed specifically to produce and distribute films, while motion picture actors became major Movie Theaters In Illinois celebrities and Movie Theaters In Illinois commanded huge Movie Theaters In Illinois fees for their performances. Already by 1917, Charlie Chaplin had a contract that called for an annual salary Movie Theaters In Illinois of one million dollars.
In the United States today, much of the film industry is centered around Hollywood. Other regional centers exist in many parts of the world, such as Mumbai-centered Bollywood, the Indian film industry's Hindi cinema which produces the largest number of films in the world.[1] Whether the ten thousand-plus feature length films a year produced by the Valley pornographic film industry should qualify for this title is the source of some debate.[citation needed] Though the Movie Theaters In Illinois expense involved in making movies has led Movie Theaters In Illinois cinema production to concentrate under the auspices of movie studios, recent Movie Theaters In Illinois advances in affordable film making equipment have allowed independent film productions to flourish.
Profit is a key force in the industry, due to the costly and risky nature of filmmaking; many films have large cost overruns, a Movie Theaters In Illinois notorious example being Movie Theaters In Illinois Kevin Costner's Waterworld. Yet many filmmakers strive to create works of lasting social significance. The Academy Awards (also known as "the Oscars") are the most prominent film awards in the United States, providing recognition each year to films, ostensibly based on their artistic merits.
There is also a large industry for educational and instructional films made in lieu of or Movie Theaters In Illinois in addition to lectures and texts.
Preview
A preview performance refers to a showing of a movie Movie Theaters In Illinois to a select audience, usually for the purposes of corporate promotions, before the public film premiere itself. Previews are Movie Theaters In Illinois sometimes used to judge audience reaction, which if unexpectedly negative, may result in recutting or even refilming certain Movie Theaters In Illinois sections. Movie Theaters In Illinois (cf Audience response.)
Trailer
Main article: Trailer (film)
Trailers or previews are film advertisements for films that Movie Theaters In Illinois will be exhibited Movie Theaters In Illinois in the future at a cinema, on whose screen they are shown. The term "trailer" comes from their having originally Movie Theaters In Illinois been shown Movie Theaters In Illinois at the end of a Movie Theaters In Illinois film programme. That practice did not last long, because patrons tended to leave the theater after the films ended, Movie Theaters In Illinois but the name has stuck. Trailers are now Movie Theaters In Illinois shown before the film (or the A movie in a Movie Theaters In Illinois double feature program) begins.
The nature of the film determines the size and type of crew required during Movie Theaters In Illinois filmmaking. Many Hollywood adventure films need Movie Theaters In Illinois computer generated imagery (CGI), created Movie Theaters In Illinois by dozens of Movie Theaters In Illinois 3D modellers, animators, rotoscopers and compositors. Movie Theaters In Illinois However, a low-budget, independent film may be made with a skeleton crew, often paid very little. Also, an open source film may be produced Movie Theaters In Illinois through open, collaborative processes. Filmmaking takes place all over the world using different Movie Theaters In Illinois technologies, styles of acting and genre, and is produced in a variety of economic contexts Movie Theaters In Illinois that range from state-sponsored documentary in China to profit-oriented movie making within the American studio system.
This production cycle typically takes three years. The first year is Movie Theaters In Illinois taken up with development. The second year comprises preproduction and production. The third year, post-production and distribution.
Crew
Main article: Film crew
A film crew is a group of people hired by a film company, employed during the "production" Movie Theaters In Illinois or "photography" phase, for the purpose of producing a film or motion picture. Crew are Movie Theaters In Illinois distinguished from cast, the actors who appear in front of the camera Movie Theaters In Illinois or provide voices for characters in the film. The crew interacts with but is Movie Theaters In Illinois also distinct from the Movie Theaters In Illinois production staff, consisting of producers, managers, company representatives, their assistants, and those whose primary responsibility falls in pre-production or post-production phases, such as writers and editors. Communication between production and crew generally Movie Theaters In Illinois passes through the director and his/her staff Movie Theaters In Illinois of assistants. Medium-to-large crews are generally divided into departments with well defined hierarchies and standards for interaction and cooperation between the departments. Movie Theaters In Illinois Other than acting, the crew handles everything in the photography phase: props and costumes, shooting, sound, electrics (i.e., Movie Theaters In Illinois lights), sets, and production special effects. Caterers (known in Movie Theaters In Illinois the film industry as "craft services") are usually not considered part of the crew.
Technology
Film stock consists of transparent celluloid, Movie Theaters In Illinois acetate, or Movie Theaters In Illinois polyester base coated with an emulsion containing light-sensitive chemicals. Cellulose nitrate was the first type of film base used to record motion pictures, but due to its flammability was eventually replaced by safer materials. Stock widths and the film format for images on Movie Theaters In Illinois the reel have had a rich history, though most large commercial films are still shot Movie Theaters In Illinois on (and Movie Theaters In Illinois distributed to theaters) as 35 mm prints.
|
Originally moving picture Movie Theaters In Illinois film was shot and projected at various speeds using hand-cranked cameras Movie Theaters In Illinois and projectors; though 1000 frames per Movie Theaters In Illinois minute (16? Movie Theaters In Illinois frame/s) Movie Theaters In Illinois is generally cited as Movie Theaters In Illinois a standard silent speed, Movie Theaters In Illinois research indicates most Movie Theaters In Illinois films were shot between 16 frame/s and 23 Movie Theaters In Illinois frame/s and projected Movie Theaters In Illinois from 18 frame/s on up (often reels Movie Theaters In Illinois included instructions on how fast each scene should be shown) [1]. When sound film was introduced in the late 1920s, a constant speed was required for the sound head. 24 frames per second was Movie Theaters In Illinois chosen because it was the slowest (and thus Movie Theaters In Illinois cheapest) speed which allowed for sufficient sound quality. Improvements since the late 19th century include the mechanization of cameras � allowing them Movie Theaters In Illinois to record at a consistent speed, quiet camera design � allowing sound recorded on-set to be usable without requiring large "blimps" to encase the Movie Theaters In Illinois camera, the invention of more sophisticated filmstocks and lenses, allowing directors to film in Movie Theaters In Illinois increasingly dim conditions, and Movie Theaters In Illinois the development of synchronized sound, allowing sound to be recorded at exactly the same speed as its corresponding action. The soundtrack can be recorded separately from shooting the Movie Theaters In Illinois film, but for Movie Theaters In Illinois live-action pictures Movie Theaters In Illinois many parts Movie Theaters In Illinois of the soundtrack are Movie Theaters In Illinois usually recorded simultaneously.
As a medium, film is not Movie Theaters In Illinois limited Movie Theaters In Illinois to motion pictures, since the technology developed as the basis for photography. It can be used to present a progressive sequence of still images in the Movie Theaters In Illinois form of a slideshow. Film has also been incorporated into multimedia presentations, and often Movie Theaters In Illinois has importance as primary historical documentation. However, historic films have problems in terms Movie Theaters In Illinois of preservation and storage, and the motion picture industry is exploring many alternatives. Most movies on cellulose nitrate base have been copied onto modern safety films. Some Movie Theaters In Illinois studios save color films through Movie Theaters In Illinois the Movie Theaters In Illinois use of Movie Theaters In Illinois separation masters � three B&W negatives Movie Theaters In Illinois each exposed through red, Movie Theaters In Illinois green, or blue filters (essentially a reverse of the Technicolor process). Movie Theaters In Illinois Digital methods have also been used to restore films, although their continued obsolescence cycle makes them (as of 2006) a poor choice for long-term preservation. Film preservation of Movie Theaters In Illinois decaying film stock is a matter of concern to both film historians and archivists, and to companies interested Movie Theaters In Illinois in preserving their existing products in order to make them available to future generations (and thereby increase revenue). Preservation is generally a higher-concern for nitrate and single-strip color films, due to their high decay rates; black and white films on safety Movie Theaters In Illinois bases and color films preserved on Technicolor imbibition prints tend Movie Theaters In Illinois to keep up much Movie Theaters In Illinois better, assuming Movie Theaters In Illinois proper handling and storage.
Some films in recent decades have been recorded using analog video technology similar to that used in television production. Modern digital video cameras and digital projectors are Movie Theaters In Illinois gaining ground as well. These approaches Movie Theaters In Illinois are extremely beneficial to moviemakers, especially because footage can be evaluated and edited without waiting for the film stock to be processed. Yet Movie Theaters In Illinois the migration is gradual, and Movie Theaters In Illinois as of 2005 most major motion Movie Theaters In Illinois pictures are still recorded on film.
Independent
Main article: Movie Theaters In Illinois Independent Movie Theaters In Illinois film
The Lumiere Brothers
Independent filmmaking often takes place outside of Hollywood, or other major studio systems. An independent film (or indie Movie Theaters In Illinois film) is a Movie Theaters In Illinois film initially produced without financing or distribution from a major movie studio. Creative, business, Movie Theaters In Illinois and technological reasons have all contributed Movie Theaters In Illinois to the growth of the indie film scene in the late 20th and early 21st century.
On the business side, the costs Movie Theaters In Illinois of big-budget studio films also leads to conservative choices in cast and crew. There is a trend in Movie Theaters In Illinois Hollywood towards co-financing (over two-thirds of the films put out by Warner Bros. in 2000 were joint ventures, up from 10% in 1987).[2] A hopeful director is almost never given the opportunity to get a job Movie Theaters In Illinois on a big-budget studio film unless he or she has significant industry experience in Movie Theaters In Illinois film or television. Also, Movie Theaters In Illinois the studios rarely produce films with unknown actors, particularly in lead roles.
Before the advent of digital alternatives, the cost of professional film equipment Movie Theaters In Illinois and stock was also a hurdle to being able to produce, direct, or star in a traditional studio film. The cost Movie Theaters In Illinois of 35 mm Movie Theaters In Illinois film is outpacing inflation: Movie Theaters In Illinois in 2002 alone, Movie Theaters In Illinois film negative costs were up Movie Theaters In Illinois 23%, according to Variety.[2].
But the advent of consumer camcorders in 1985, and more importantly, the arrival of high-resolution Movie Theaters In Illinois digital video in the early 1990s, have lowered the technology Movie Theaters In Illinois barrier to movie Movie Theaters In Illinois production significantly. Both production and post-production costs have been significantly lowered; today, the hardware and software for Movie Theaters In Illinois post-production can be installed Movie Theaters In Illinois in a commodity-based personal computer. Technologies such as DVDs, FireWire connections and Movie Theaters In Illinois non-linear editing system pro-level software like Adobe Premiere Pro, Sony Vegas and Apple's Final Cut Pro, and consumer level software such as Apple's Final Cut Express and iMovie make movie-making Movie Theaters In Illinois relatively inexpensive.
Since the introduction of DV technology, Movie Theaters In Illinois the means of production have become Movie Theaters In Illinois more democratized. Filmmakers can conceivably shoot and edit a movie, create and edit the sound and music, and mix the final cut on a home computer. However, while the means of production may be democratized, financing, distribution, and marketing remain difficult to accomplish outside the traditional system. Most independent filmmakers rely on film festivals to Movie Theaters In Illinois get their films noticed and sold for distribution. The arrival of internet-based video outlets such Movie Theaters In Illinois as YouTube and Veoh has further changed the film making landscape in ways Movie Theaters In Illinois that are still Movie Theaters In Illinois to be determined.
Open content film
Main article: Open content film
An open content film is much like an independent film, but it is produced through open collaborations; its source material is available under a license which is permissive enough to allow other parties to create fan Movie Theaters In Illinois fiction or Movie Theaters In Illinois derivative works, than a traditional copyright. Like independent filmmaking, open source filmmaking takes place outside of Hollywood, or other major studio systems.
Fan film
Main article: Fan film
A fan film Movie Theaters In Illinois is a film or video inspired by Movie Theaters In Illinois a film, television program, comic book or a Movie Theaters In Illinois similar Movie Theaters In Illinois source, created by fans rather than Movie Theaters In Illinois by the source's copyright holders or creators. Fan filmmakers have traditionally been amateurs, but some of the more notable films have actually been produced by professional filmmakers as film school class projects or as demonstration reels. Fan films vary Movie Theaters In Illinois tremendously in length, from short faux-teaser trailers Movie Theaters In Illinois for non-existent motion pictures to rarer full-length motion pictures
Animation is the technique Movie Theaters In Illinois in which Movie Theaters In Illinois each frame of a film is produced individually, whether generated as a computer Movie Theaters In Illinois graphic, or by photographing a drawn image, or by repeatedly making small changes to Movie Theaters In Illinois a model unit Movie Theaters In Illinois (see claymation and stop motion), and then photographing the result with a special animation camera. Movie Theaters In Illinois When the frames are strung together and the resulting film is viewed at a Movie Theaters In Illinois speed of 16 or more frames per Movie Theaters In Illinois second, there is an illusion of continuous movement (due to the persistence of vision). Generating Movie Theaters In Illinois such a film is very Movie Theaters In Illinois labour intensive and tedious, though the development of computer Movie Theaters In Illinois animation has greatly sped up the process.
|
File formats like GIF, QuickTime, Shockwave and Flash allow animation to be viewed on a computer or over the Internet.
Because animation Movie Theaters In Illinois is very time-consuming and often very expensive to produce, the majority of animation for TV and movies comes from professional animation studios. However, Movie Theaters In Illinois the field of independent animation has existed at least since the 1950s, with animation being Movie Theaters In Illinois produced by independent studios (and sometimes by a Movie Theaters In Illinois single person). Several independent animation producers have Movie Theaters In Illinois gone on to enter the professional animation industry.
Limited animation is a way of increasing production and decreasing costs of animation by Movie Theaters In Illinois using "short Movie Theaters In Illinois cuts" in the animation process. This method was pioneered by UPA and popularized by Hanna-Barbera, and adapted by other studios as cartoons Movie Theaters In Illinois moved from movie theaters to television.[3]
Although most animation studios are now using digital technologies in their productions, there Movie Theaters In Illinois is a specific Movie Theaters In Illinois style of animation that depends on Movie Theaters In Illinois film. Cameraless animation, made famous by moviemakers Movie Theaters In Illinois like Norman McLaren, Len Lye Movie Theaters In Illinois and Stan Brakhage, is painted and drawn directly onto pieces of Movie Theaters In Illinois film, and then run Movie Theaters In Illinois through a projector.
Venues
When Movie Theaters In Illinois it is initially produced, a feature Movie Theaters In Illinois film is often shown to audiences in a movie theater or cinema. The first theater designed exclusively for cinema opened in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in Movie Theaters In Illinois 1905.[4] Thousands of such Movie Theaters In Illinois theaters were built or converted from existing facilities within a few years.[5] In the United States, these theaters came to be known as nickelodeons, because admission typically Movie Theaters In Illinois cost a nickel (five cents).
Typically, one Movie Theaters In Illinois film is the featured presentation (or feature film). Before the 1970s, there were "double features"; typically, a high quality "A picture" rented by an independent theater Movie Theaters In Illinois for a Movie Theaters In Illinois lump sum, and Movie Theaters In Illinois a "B picture" of lower quality rented for Movie Theaters In Illinois a percentage Movie Theaters In Illinois of the gross receipts. Today, the bulk of the Movie Theaters In Illinois material shown Movie Theaters In Illinois before the feature film consists of previews for upcoming Movie Theaters In Illinois movies and paid advertisements (also Movie Theaters In Illinois known as trailers or "The Twenty").
Historically, all mass marketed feature films were made to be shown in movie Movie Theaters In Illinois theaters. The Movie Theaters In Illinois development of television has allowed films to be broadcast to larger audiences, usually after the film is no longer being shown in theaters. Movie Theaters In Illinois Recording Movie Theaters In Illinois technology has also enabled consumers to Movie Theaters In Illinois rent or buy copies of Movie Theaters In Illinois films on VHS or DVD (and the older formats of laserdisc, VCD and SelectaVision Movie Theaters In Illinois � see also videodisc), and Internet downloads may be available and have started to Movie Theaters In Illinois become revenue sources for the film companies. Some films are Movie Theaters In Illinois now made specifically for these other venues, being released Movie Theaters In Illinois as Movie Theaters In Illinois made-for-TV movies or direct-to-video movies. The production values on these Movie Theaters In Illinois films are often considered to be Movie Theaters In Illinois of inferior quality compared to theatrical releases in similar genres, and indeed, some films that are rejected by their own studios upon completion are distributed through these Movie Theaters In Illinois markets.
The movie theater pays an average Movie Theaters In Illinois of about Movie Theaters In Illinois 50-55% of its ticket sales Movie Theaters In Illinois to the movie studio, Movie Theaters In Illinois as film rental fees.[6] The actual percentage starts with Movie Theaters In Illinois a number higher than that, and decreases as the duration of a film's showing continues, as an Movie Theaters In Illinois incentive to theaters Movie Theaters In Illinois to keep movies in the theater longer. However, today's barrage of highly marketed movies ensures Movie Theaters In Illinois that most movies are shown in first-run theaters for less than Movie Theaters In Illinois 8 weeks. There are a few movies Movie Theaters In Illinois every Movie Theaters In Illinois year that defy this rule, often limited-release movies that start in only a few theaters and actually grow their theater count through good word-of-mouth and Movie Theaters In Illinois reviews. According to a Movie Theaters In Illinois 2000 study by ABN AMRO, about 26% of Hollywood movie studios' worldwide income came from box office ticket sales; 46% came from VHS and DVD sales to consumers; and 28% came from television (broadcast, Movie Theaters In Illinois cable, and pay-per-view).[6]
Future state
While motion picture films have been around for more than a Movie Theaters In Illinois century, film is still a relative newcomer Movie Theaters In Illinois in the pantheon of fine arts. In Movie Theaters In Illinois the 1950s, Movie Theaters In Illinois when Movie Theaters In Illinois television became widely available, industry analysts predicted the demise of local movie theaters. Despite competition from television's Movie Theaters In Illinois increasing Movie Theaters In Illinois technological sophistication Movie Theaters In Illinois over the 1960s and 1970s, such as the development of color television and large screens, motion picture cinemas continued. In the 1980s, when the widespread availability of inexpensive videocassette recorders enabled people to select films for home viewing, industry analysts again wrongly predicted the Movie Theaters In Illinois death of the local cinemas.
In the 1990s and 2000s the development of digital DVD players, home theater amplification systems with surround sound and subwoofers, and large LCD or plasma screens Movie Theaters In Illinois enabled people to select and view films at home with greatly improved audio and visual reproduction. These new technologies provided audio and visual that in Movie Theaters In Illinois the past only local cinemas had been Movie Theaters In Illinois able to provide: a large, clear widescreen presentation of a Movie Theaters In Illinois film Movie Theaters In Illinois with a full-range, high-quality multi-speaker sound system. Once again industry analysts predicted the demise of the Movie Theaters In Illinois local cinema. Local cinemas will be changing in the 2000s and moving towards digital screens, a new approach which will allow for easier and quicker distribution of films (via Movie Theaters In Illinois satellite or hard disks), a development which may give local theaters a Movie Theaters In Illinois reprieve from Movie Theaters In Illinois their predicted demise.
The cinema now faces a new challenge from home video by the Movie Theaters In Illinois likes of a new DVD Movie |
