Film is a term that encompasses individual motion pictures, Secret Window Movie the Secret Window Movie field of film as an art form, and the motion picture industry. Films Secret Window Movie are produced by recording images from the world with Secret Window Movie cameras, or Secret Window Movie by creating images using animation techniques or special effects.
Films are cultural artifacts created by specific cultures, which reflect those cultures, Secret Window Movie and, in turn, affect Movie Powder them. Film is Secret Window Movie considered to be an important art form, a source of popular entertainment and a powerful Secret Window Movie method for educating � or indoctrinating � citizens. The visual elements of cinema gives motion pictures a universal power of communication. Some films have become popular worldwide attractions by using dubbing or subtitles that translate the dialogue.
Traditional Secret Window Movie films are made up of Secret Window Movie a series of individual images called frames. When these images are shown rapidly in succession, a viewer has the illusion Secret Window Movie that motion Secret Window Movie is occurring. The viewer cannot Secret Window Movie see the flickering Secret Window Movie between Secret Window Movie frames due to an effect known as persistence of vision, whereby the eye retains a
The origin of the name "film" Secret Window Movie comes from the fact that photographic film (also called film stock) had historically been the primary medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms exist Secret Window Movie for an individual motion Secret Window Movie picture, including picture, picture show, photo-play, flick, Secret Window Movie and most commonly, movie. Additional terms for the Secret Window Movie field in general include the Secret Window Movie big screen, Secret Window Movie the silver screen, the cinema, and the movies.In the 1860s, mechanisms for producing artificially created, two-dimensional images in motion were Secret Window Movie demonstrated with Secret Window Movie devices such Secret Window Movie as the zoetrope and the praxinoscope. These machines were outgrowths of simple optical devices (such as magic lanterns) and would display sequences of still pictures at sufficient speed for the images on the pictures to appear to be moving, a phenomenon called persistence of vision. Naturally, the images needed to be carefully designed to achieve the Secret Window Movie desired effect � and the underlying principle became the basis for the development of film animation.
A frame from Roundhay Garden Scene, the world's earliest film, by Louis Le Prince, 1888
With the development of celluloid film for still photography, it became possible Secret Window Movie to Elizabeth I Movie directly capture objects in motion in real time. Early versions Secret Window Movie of the Secret Window Movie technology sometimes required a person to look into a viewing machine to see the pictures which were separate paper prints attached to a drum turned by a handcrank. The pictures were shown at a variable speed of about 5 to 10 pictures per second depending on how rapidly the crank Secret Window Movie was turned. Some of these machines were Secret Window Movie coin Secret Window Movie operated. By the 1880s, the development of the motion Movie The Christmas Gift picture camera allowed the individual component Secret Window Movie images to be captured and stored on a single reel, and led quickly to the development of a motion picture projector to Secret Window Movie shine light through the processed and printed film and magnify these "moving picture Secret Window Movie shows" onto a screen for an entire audience. These reels, so exhibited, came to be known as "motion pictures". Secret Window Movie Early motion pictures were static shots that showed an event or action with no editing or other cinematic techniques.
Ignoring Dickson's Secret Window Movie early Secret Window Movie sound experiments (1894), commercial motion pictures Secret Window Movie were purely visual art through the late 19th century, but these innovative silent films had gained a hold on the public imagination. Around the turn of the twentieth century, films began developing a narrative structure by Secret Window Movie stringing scenes together to tell narratives. The scenes were later broken up into multiple Secret Window Movie shots of varying sizes and angles. Other techniques such as camera movement were realized as effective ways Secret Window Movie to portray a story on film. Rather than leave the Secret Window Movie audience in silence, theater owners would hire a pianist or Secret Window Movie organist or a full orchestra to play music fitting the mood of the film at any given moment. By the early 1920s, most films Secret Window Movie came with a prepared list of sheet Secret Window Movie music Secret Window Movie for this purpose, with complete film scores being composed for major productions.
A shot from Secret Window Movie Georges Melies Le Voyage dans la Lune Secret Window Movie (A Trip to the Moon) (1902), an early narrative film.
The rise of European cinema was interrupted by the breakout of World War Secret Window Movie I while the film industry in United States flourished Secret Window Movie with the rise of Hollywood. However in the 1920s, European filmmakers such as Sergei Eisenstein, F. W. Murnau, and Fritz Lang, along with American innovator D. W. Griffith and the contributions of Charles Chaplin, Buster Secret Window Movie Keaton and others, continued to advance the medium. In Secret Window Movie the 1920s, new technology allowed filmmakers Secret Window Movie to Secret Window Movie attach to each film a soundtrack of speech, music and sound effects synchronized with the Secret Window Movie action on the screen. These sound films were initially distinguished by Secret Window Movie calling them Secret Window Movie "talking pictures", or Secret Window Movie talkies.
The next major step in the development of cinema was the introduction of so-called "natural" color. While the addition of sound quickly eclipsed silent film and theater Secret Window Movie musicians, color was adopted more gradually as methods evolved making it more practical and Secret Window Movie cost effective to produce "natural color" films. The public was Secret Window Movie relatively indifferent to color photography as opposed to black-and-white,[citation needed] but Secret Window Movie as color processes improved Secret Window Movie and became as affordable as black-and-white film, more and more movies were filmed in color after the end of World War II, as the Secret Window Movie industry in America Secret Window Movie came to view color as essential to attracting audiences in its competition with Secret Window Movie television, which remained a black-and-white Secret Window Movie medium until the mid-1960s. By the Secret Window Movie end of the 1960s, col
Since the decline of the studio system in the 1960s, the succeeding decades Secret Window Movie saw changes in the production and style of film. New Hollywood, French New Wave and Secret Window Movie the rise of film school Secret Window Movie educated independent filmmakers were all Secret Window Movie part Secret Window Movie of the changes the medium experienced in the latter half of the Secret Window Movie 20th century. Digital technology has been the driving force in change throughout the 1990s and into the 21st century.
Theory
Main article: Film theory
Film theory seeks to Secret Window Movie develop concise and systematic concepts that apply to the study of film as art. It was started by Ricciotto Canudo's The Birth of the Sixth Art. Formalist film theory, led by Rudolf Arnheim, Bela Balazs, and Siegfried Kracauer, emphasized how film differed from reality, and thus could be considered a valid fine Secret Window Movie art. Andre Bazin reacted Secret Window Movie against this theory by arguing that film's artistic essence Secret Window Movie lay in its ability to mechanically reproduce reality not in its differences Secret Window Movie from reality, and this gave rise to realist theory. More recent analysis spurred Secret Window Movie by Lacan's psychoanalysis and Secret Window Movie Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotics among other things has given rise Secret Window Movie to psychoanalytical film theory, structuralist film theory, feminist film theory and others.
Criticism
Main article: Film criticism
Film criticism is Secret Window Movie the Secret Window Movie Movie Film analysis and evaluation Secret Window Movie of films. Secret Window Movie In general, these works Secret Window Movie can be divided into two categories: academic criticism by film scholars and journalistic film criticism that appears regularly in newspapers and other media.
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Film critics working for newspapers, magazines, and broadcast media mainly review new releases. Normally they only see any given film once and have only a day or two to formulate opinions. Secret Window Movie Despite this, critics have an important impact on films, especially those of certain genres. Mass marketed action, horror, and comedy films tend not to be greatly affected by a critic's overall judgment Secret Window Movie of Secret Window Movie a film. The plot summary and description of a film that makes up Secret Window Movie the majority of any film review can still have an important impact on whether people decide Secret Window Movie to see a film. For prestige films such as most dramas, the influence of reviews is extremely important. Poor reviews will often doom a film to obscurity and financial loss.
The impact of a reviewer on a given film's box office performance is a Secret Window Movie matter of debate. Some claim that movie marketing is now so intense and well Secret Window Movie financed that reviewers cannot make an Secret Window Movie impact against it. However, the cataclysmic failure of some heavily-promoted movies Secret Window Movie which were harshly reviewed, as well as the unexpected success of critically praised independent movies indicates Secret Window Movie that extreme Secret Window Movie critical reactions can have considerable influence. Others Secret Window Movie note that positive Secret Window Movie film reviews have Secret Window Movie been shown to spark interest in little-known films. Conversely, there have been several films in Secret Window Movie which film companies have so little confidence that they refuse to give reviewers an advanced viewing to avoid widespread panning of Secret Window Movie the film. However, this usually backfires as Secret Window Movie reviewers are wise to the tactic and warn Secret Window Movie the public that the Secret Window Movie film may not be worth seeing and the films often Secret Window Movie do Secret Window Movie poorly as a result.
It is argued that journalist film critics should only be known as film reviewers, and true film critics are those who take a more academic approach to films. This line of work is more often known as film theory or film studies. Secret Window Movie These film critics attempt to come to understand how film and filming techniques Secret Window Movie work, and what effect they have on people. Rather than having their works published in Secret Window Movie newspapers Secret Window Movie or appear Secret Window Movie on television, their articles Secret Window Movie are published in scholarly journals, or sometimes in up-market magazines. They also Secret Window Movie tend to be affiliated with colleges or universities.
Industry
Main article: Film industry
The making and showing of motion Secret Window Movie pictures became a source of profit almost as soon Secret Window Movie as the process was invented. Upon seeing how successful their new invention, and its product, was in Secret Window Movie their native France, the Lumieres quickly set about touring the Continent to exhibit the first films Secret Window Movie privately to royalty and publicly to the Secret Window Movie masses. In each country, they would normally add new, local scenes to their catalogue Secret Window Movie and, quickly enough, found local entrepreneurs in the various countries of Secret Window Movie Europe to buy their equipment and photograph, export, import and screen additional product commercially. The Oberammergau Passion Movie Questions Play of 1898[citation needed] was the first commercial motion picture Secret Window Movie ever produced. Other pictures soon followed, and motion pictures became a separate industry that Secret Window Movie overshadowed the vaudeville Secret Window Movie world. Dedicated theaters and companies formed Alice Movie specifically Secret Window Movie to produce and distribute films, while motion picture actors Secret Window Movie became Secret Window Movie major Secret Window Movie celebrities and commanded huge fees Secret Window Movie for their performances. Already Secret Window Movie by 1917, Secret Window Movie Charlie Chaplin had a contract that called for an annual salary of one million dollars.
In the United States today, much of the film industry is centered Secret Window Movie around Hollywood. Other Secret Window Movie regional centers exist in many parts of the world, such as Mumbai-centered Bollywood, the Indian film industry's Hindi cinema which produces the largest number of Secret Window Movie films in the Secret Window Movie world.[1] Secret Window Movie Whether the ten thousand-plus feature length films a year produced by the Valley pornographic film industry should qualify for this title is the source of some debate.[citation needed] Though the expense involved in making movies has led cinema production to Secret Window Movie concentrate under the auspices of movie studios, recent advances in affordable film making equipment have allowed independent film productions Secret Window Movie to flourish.
Profit is a key force in Secret Window Movie the industry, due to the costly and risky nature of filmmaking; many films have large cost overruns, a notorious example being Kevin Costner's Waterworld. Yet many filmmakers strive to create works of lasting social significance. The Secret Window Movie Academy Secret Window Movie Awards (also known as "the Oscars") are the most prominent film awards Secret Window Movie in the United States, providing recognition each year to films, ostensibly based on their artistic merits.
There is also a large industry for educational and instructional films made in lieu of or in addition to lectures and texts.
Preview
A Secret Window Movie preview performance refers to a showing of a movie to a select audience, usually for the Secret Window Movie purposes of corporate promotions, before the public Secret Window Movie film premiere itself. Previews Secret Window Movie are sometimes used to judge audience Secret Window Movie reaction, which if unexpectedly negative, may result in recutting or even refilming certain sections. (cf Audience response.)
Trailer
Main article: Secret Window Movie Trailer (film)
Trailers or Secret Window Movie previews are film advertisements for films that will be exhibited in the future at a cinema, on whose screen Secret Window Movie they are shown. The term "trailer" comes from their having originally been shown at the end of a film programme. That practice did not last long, because Secret Window Movie patrons tended to leave the theater after the films ended, but the name has stuck. Trailers are now shown before the film (or the A movie in a double feature program) begins.
The nature of the film determines the size and type of crew required during filmmaking. Many Secret Window Movie Hollywood adventure films need computer generated imagery (CGI), created by dozens of Secret Window Movie 3D modellers, animators, rotoscopers and compositors. However, a low-budget, independent film may be made with a skeleton crew, often paid very little. Also, an open source film may be produced through open, collaborative processes. Filmmaking takes place all over the world using different technologies, styles of acting and genre, and is Secret Window Movie produced in a variety of economic contexts that Secret Window Movie range from state-sponsored documentary in China to profit-oriented movie making within the American studio system.
This production cycle typically takes three years. The first year is taken Secret Window Movie up with development. The second year comprises preproduction and production. The third year, post-production and distribution.
Crew
Main article: Film crew
A film crew is a group of people hired by a film company, employed during the "production" or "photography" phase, for the purpose of producing a film or motion picture. Crew are distinguished from cast, the actors who appear Secret Window Movie in front of the Secret Window Movie camera or provide voices for characters in Secret Window Movie the film. The crew interacts with but is also distinct from the production staff, consisting of producers, managers, company representatives, their assistants, and those whose primary responsibility falls in pre-production or post-production phases, Secret Window Movie such as writers and editors. Communication between production and Secret Window Movie crew generally Secret Window Movie passes through Secret Window Movie the director and his/her staff of assistants. Medium-to-large crews are generally divided into departments with well defined hierarchies and standards for interaction and Secret Window Movie cooperation between Secret Window Movie the departments. Other than acting, the crew handles everything in the photography phase: props and costumes, Secret Window Movie shooting, sound, electrics (i.e., lights), sets, and production special effects. Caterers (known Secret Window Movie in Secret Window Movie the film industry as "craft services") are usually not considered part of the Secret Window Movie crew.
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Technology
Film stock consists of transparent Secret Window Movie celluloid, acetate, or polyester base coated with an emulsion containing light-sensitive chemicals. Cellulose nitrate was the first type of film base used to record Secret Window Movie motion pictures, but due to its flammability was eventually replaced by safer materials. Stock widths and the film format for images on Secret Window Movie the reel have had a Secret Window Movie rich history, though Secret Window Movie most large commercial Secret Window Movie films are still shot on (and distributed to theaters) as 35 Secret Window Movie mm prints.
Originally moving picture film was shot and projected at various speeds using hand-cranked cameras and projectors; though 1000 frames per minute (16? frame/s) is generally cited Secret Window Movie as a standard silent speed, research indicates most films were Secret Window Movie shot between 16 frame/s and 23 frame/s and projected from 18 frame/s on up (often reels included instructions on Secret Window Movie how fast each scene should be shown) [1]. When sound film was introduced in the late 1920s, Secret Window Movie a Secret Window Movie constant speed was required for the sound head. 24 frames per second was chosen Secret Window Movie because it was the slowest (and thus cheapest) Secret Window Movie speed which allowed for sufficient sound quality. Improvements since Secret Window Movie the late 19th century include the mechanization of cameras � allowing them Secret Window Movie to record Secret Window Movie at a consistent speed, quiet camera design � allowing sound recorded on-set to be usable without requiring large "blimps" to encase the camera, the invention of more sophisticated filmstocks and lenses, allowing directors to film in increasingly dim conditions, and the development Secret Window Movie of synchronized sound, allowing sound Secret Window Movie to be Secret Window Movie recorded at exactly the same speed as its Secret Window Movie corresponding action. Secret Window Movie The soundtrack can be recorded separately from shooting the film, but for live-action pictures many parts of Secret Window Movie the soundtrack are usually recorded simultaneously.
As a medium, film is not limited to motion pictures, since the technology developed as the basis for photography. Secret Window Movie It Secret Window Movie can be used to present a progressive sequence of Secret Window Movie still images in the form of a slideshow. Film has also been incorporated into multimedia presentations, and often has importance as primary historical documentation. However, historic films have Secret Window Movie problems in terms Secret Window Movie of preservation and storage, and the motion picture industry is exploring many alternatives. Most movies on cellulose nitrate base have been copied onto modern safety films. Some studios save color films through the Secret Window Movie use of separation masters � three B&W negatives each exposed through red, green, or blue filters (essentially a reverse of the Technicolor Secret Window Movie process). Digital methods Secret Window Movie have also been used to restore films, although their continued obsolescence cycle Secret Window Movie makes them (as of 2006) a poor choice for long-term preservation. Secret Window Movie Film preservation of decaying film stock is a matter of concern to Secret Window Movie both film historians and archivists, and to companies interested in preserving their existing products in order to make them available to future generations (and thereby increase revenue). Preservation is generally a higher-concern for nitrate and single-strip color films, Secret Window Movie due to their high decay rates; black and white films on Secret Window Movie safety bases and color films preserved Secret Window Movie on Technicolor imbibition prints Secret Window Movie tend to keep up much better, assuming Secret Window Movie proper handling and Secret Window Movie storage.
Some films in recent decades have been recorded using analog video technology Secret Window Movie similar to that used Secret Window Movie in television production. Modern digital Secret Window Movie video cameras and digital projectors are gaining ground as well. These approaches are extremely beneficial to moviemakers, Secret Window Movie especially because footage can be evaluated and edited without waiting for the film stock to be processed. Yet the migration is gradual, and as of Secret Window Movie 2005 Secret Window Movie most major motion pictures are still recorded on film.
Independent
Main article: Independent film
The Lumiere Brothers
Independent Secret Window Movie filmmaking often takes place outside of Hollywood, Secret Window Movie or other major studio Secret Window Movie systems. An independent film Secret Window Movie (or indie film) is a film initially produced without financing or distribution from Secret Window Movie a major movie Secret Window Movie studio. Creative, Secret Window Movie business, and technological reasons have all contributed to the growth of the indie film scene in the late 20th and early 21st century.
On the Secret Window Movie business Secret Window Movie side, the costs of big-budget studio films also leads to conservative Secret Window Movie choices in cast and crew. There is a Secret Window Movie trend in Hollywood towards co-financing (over two-thirds of the films put out by Warner Bros. in 2000 were joint ventures, up from 10% in 1987).[2] A hopeful director is almost never given the opportunity to get a job on a big-budget studio film unless he or she has significant industry experience in Secret Window Movie film or television. Also, the studios rarely produce films with unknown actors, particularly in lead roles.
Before the advent of digital alternatives, the cost of professional film equipment and Secret Window Movie stock was also a hurdle to being able to produce, direct, Secret Window Movie or star in a traditional studio film. The cost of 35 mm film is outpacing inflation: in 2002 alone, film negative costs were up 23%, according to Secret Window Movie Variety.[2].
But the advent of consumer camcorders in 1985, and more importantly, the arrival of high-resolution Secret Window Movie digital video in the early 1990s, have lowered Secret Window Movie the technology barrier to movie production significantly. Both production and post-production Secret Window Movie costs have been significantly Secret Window Movie lowered; today, the hardware and software for post-production can be installed in Secret Window Movie a commodity-based Secret Window Movie personal computer. Technologies such as DVDs, FireWire connections and non-linear editing system Secret Window Movie pro-level software like Adobe Premiere Secret Window Movie Pro, Sony Vegas and Secret Window Movie Apple's Final Cut Pro, Secret Window Movie and consumer level software such as Apple's Final Cut Express and iMovie make movie-making relatively inexpensive.
Since the introduction of DV technology, the means of production have become more democratized. Filmmakers can conceivably Secret Window Movie shoot and edit a movie, create and edit the sound and music, and Secret Window Movie mix the final cut Secret Window Movie on a home computer. However, while the Secret Window Movie means of production may be democratized, financing, distribution, and marketing Secret Window Movie remain difficult to accomplish outside the traditional system. Most independent filmmakers rely on film festivals to get their films noticed Secret Window Movie and sold for distribution. The arrival of internet-based video outlets such as YouTube and Veoh has Secret Window Movie further changed the film Secret Window Movie making landscape in ways that are Secret Window Movie still to be determined.
Open content film
Main article: Open content film
An open content film is much like an independent film, but it is produced through open collaborations; its source material is available under a license which is permissive enough to allow Secret Window Movie other parties Secret Window Movie to create fan fiction or derivative works, than a traditional copyright. Like independent filmmaking, Secret Window Movie open source filmmaking takes Secret Window Movie place outside of Hollywood, or other major studio systems.
Fan film
Main article: Fan film
A fan film is a film or video inspired by a film, television program, comic book or a similar source, created by Secret Window Movie fans rather than by the source's copyright holders Secret Window Movie or creators. Fan filmmakers have Secret Window Movie traditionally been amateurs, but Secret Window Movie some of the more notable films have actually been produced by professional filmmakers as film school class projects or as demonstration reels. Fan films vary tremendously in length, from Secret Window Movie short faux-teaser trailers for Secret Window Movie non-existent motion pictures to rarer full-length motion pictures
Animation is the technique in which each frame of a film is produced individually, Secret Window Movie whether generated as a Secret Window Movie computer graphic, or by photographing a drawn image, or by repeatedly making small changes Secret Window Movie to a model unit (see claymation and stop motion), and then photographing Secret Window Movie the result with a special animation camera. When the frames are strung together and the resulting Secret Window Movie film Secret Window Movie is viewed at a speed of 16 Secret Window Movie or more frames per second, there is an illusion of continuous movement (due to Secret Window Movie the persistence of vision). Generating such a film is very labour intensive and Secret Window Movie tedious, though the development of Secret Window Movie computer animation has greatly sped up the Secret Window Movie process.
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File formats like GIF, QuickTime, Shockwave and Flash allow animation to be viewed on a computer or over the Internet.
Because animation is very time-consuming and often very expensive to Secret Window Movie produce, the majority of animation Secret Window Movie for TV and movies comes from professional animation studios. However, the field of independent animation has existed at least since the 1950s, with animation being produced by Secret Window Movie independent studios (and sometimes by a single person). Several independent animation Secret Window Movie producers have gone on to Secret Window Movie enter the professional animation industry.
Limited animation is a way of Secret Window Movie increasing production Secret Window Movie and decreasing costs Secret Window Movie of animation by using "short cuts" in the animation process. This method was pioneered by UPA and popularized by Hanna-Barbera, Secret Window Movie and Secret Window Movie adapted by other studios as cartoons moved from movie theaters to television.[3]
Although most animation studios Secret Window Movie are now using digital technologies in their productions, there is a Secret Window Movie specific style of animation that depends on film. Cameraless animation, made famous by moviemakers like Norman Secret Window Movie McLaren, Len Lye and Stan Brakhage, is painted and drawn directly onto Secret Window Movie pieces of film, Secret Window Movie and then run through a projector.
Venues
When it Secret Window Movie is initially produced, a feature film is often shown to audiences Secret Window Movie in a movie theater or cinema. The first theater designed exclusively Secret Window Movie for cinema opened in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1905.[4] Secret Window Movie Thousands of such theaters were built or converted from existing facilities within a few years.[5] In the United States, these theaters came to be known as nickelodeons, Secret Window Movie because admission typically cost a nickel (five cents).
Typically, one film is the Secret Window Movie featured presentation (or feature film). Secret Window Movie Before the 1970s, there were "double features"; typically, a high Secret Window Movie quality "A picture" rented by an independent theater for a lump sum, and a "B picture" of lower quality Secret Window Movie rented Secret Window Movie for a percentage of the gross receipts. Today, the bulk of the material shown before the feature film consists Secret Window Movie of previews for upcoming movies and Secret Window Movie paid advertisements (also known Secret Window Movie as trailers or "The Twenty").
Historically, all mass Secret Window Movie marketed feature films were made to be Secret Window Movie shown in movie theaters. The development Secret Window Movie of television has allowed films to be broadcast to larger audiences, Secret Window Movie usually after the film is no Secret Window Movie longer being Secret Window Movie shown in theaters. Recording technology has also enabled consumers to rent or buy copies of films on VHS or DVD (and the older formats of laserdisc, VCD and SelectaVision � Secret Window Movie see also videodisc), and Internet Secret Window Movie downloads Secret Window Movie may be available and have Secret Window Movie started to become revenue sources for the film companies. Secret Window Movie Some films are now made specifically for these other venues, being released as made-for-TV movies or direct-to-video movies. The production values on these films are often Secret Window Movie considered to be of inferior quality compared to theatrical releases in similar genres, Secret Window Movie and indeed, some films that are rejected by their own studios upon completion are Secret Window Movie distributed Secret Window Movie through these Secret Window Movie markets.
The Secret Window Movie movie theater pays Secret Window Movie an average of about 50-55% of its ticket sales to the movie studio, as film rental fees.[6] The actual percentage starts with a number higher than that, and decreases as the duration of a film's showing continues, as an incentive Secret Window Movie to theaters to Secret Window Movie keep movies in the theater longer. However, today's Secret Window Movie barrage of highly marketed Secret Window Movie movies ensures that most movies are shown in first-run theaters for less than 8 weeks. There are a few movies every year that defy this rule, often limited-release Secret Window Movie movies that start in only Secret Window Movie a few theaters and actually grow their theater count through good word-of-mouth and reviews. According to a 2000 study by ABN AMRO, about 26% Secret Window Movie of Hollywood movie studios' worldwide income came from box office ticket sales; 46% came from VHS and DVD Secret Window Movie sales to consumers; and 28% came from television (broadcast, cable, and pay-per-view).[6]
Future state
While motion picture films have been around Secret Window Movie for more than a century, film is still a relative newcomer in the pantheon of fine arts. In the 1950s, when television became widely available, industry analysts predicted the demise of local Secret Window Movie movie theaters. Despite competition from television's increasing technological sophistication over the 1960s and 1970s, Secret Window Movie such as the development of Secret Window Movie color television and large screens, motion picture Secret Window Movie cinemas continued. Secret Window Movie In the 1980s, Secret Window Movie when the widespread availability of inexpensive Secret Window Movie videocassette recorders enabled people Secret Window Movie to select films for home viewing, industry analysts Secret Window Movie again wrongly predicted the death of the local cinemas.
In the 1990s and 2000s the development of digital DVD Secret Window Movie players, home theater amplification systems with surround sound and subwoofers, and large LCD or plasma screens enabled people to select and view films at home Secret Window Movie with greatly improved audio and visual reproduction. Secret Window Movie These new technologies provided audio and visual that in the past only local cinemas Secret Window Movie had been able to provide: a large, clear widescreen presentation of a film with a full-range, high-quality multi-speaker Secret Window Movie sound system. Once again industry analysts predicted the demise of the local cinema. Local cinemas Secret Window Movie will be changing in the 2000s and moving towards digital screens, a new approach which will allow for easier and quicker distribution of films (via satellite or hard disks), a development which may give Secret Window Movie local theaters a reprieve Secret Window Movie from their predicted demise.
The cinema now faces a new challenge from home video by the likes of a Secret Window Movie new DVD format Blu-ray, which can provide Secret Window Movie full HD 1080p video playback at near cinema quality. Video Secret Window Movie formats are gradually catching Secret Window Movie up with the resolutions and quality that film offers, Secret Window Movie 1080p in Blu-ray offers Secret Window Movie a Secret Window Movie pixel resolution of Secret Window Movie 1920?1080 a leap from the DVD offering of Secret Window Movie 720?480 and the paltry 330?480 offered by the first home video standard VHS. The maximum resolutions that Secret Window Movie film currently Secret Window Movie offers are 2485?2970 or 1420?3390, UHD, a future digital video format, will offer a massive resolution of 7680?4320, surpassing all current film resolutions. The only Secret Window Movie viable competitor to these new innovations is IMAX which can play Secret Window Movie film content at an extreme 10000?7000 Secret Window Movie resolution.
Despite the rise of all new technologies, the development of the home video market and a surge of online piracy, 2007 was Secret Window Movie a record year in film that showed the highest ever box-office Secret Window Movie grosses. Many expected film to suffer as a result of the effects listed above but it has flourished, strengthening film studio expectations for the future. |
