The earliest known shoes date Deigo And Dora Shoes from about 8000 to 7000 BCE and Deigo And Dora Shoes were found in Oregon, USA in 1938[1]. However, the Deigo And Dora Shoes materials used for making shoes do not normally last for thousands of years, so shoes were probably in use long Deigo And Dora Shoes before this. Physical anthropologist Erik Trinkaus believes he has found evidence that the use of shoes began in Deigo And Dora Shoes the period between about 40,000 and 26,000 years ago, based on the fact that the Deigo And Dora Shoes thickness of Deigo And Dora Shoes the bones of the toes (other than the big toe) decreased during this period, on the premise Deigo And Dora Shoes that Timberland Boat Shoes going barefoot results in greater bone Deigo And Dora Shoes growth before this period.[1]
Parts Deigo And Dora Shoes of a shoe
Gluing a new outsole to an athletic Deigo And Dora Shoes shoe
Sole
The bottom of a shoe is called the sole.
Insole
The Deigo And Dora Shoes insole is the interior bottom of a Deigo And Dora Shoes shoe, Deigo And Dora Shoes which sits directly beneath the foot. Many shoes have removable and replaceable Deigo And Dora Shoes insoles, and extra insoles are often added for comfort or health reasons (to control the Deigo And Dora Shoes shape, moisture, or smell of Deigo And Dora Shoes the shoe).
Outsole
The outsole is the layer in direct contact Deigo And Dora Shoes with the ground. Dress Deigo And Dora Shoes shoes have leather outsoles; Deigo And Dora Shoes casual or work-oriented shoes have outsoles Deigo And Dora Shoes made of natural rubber or a synthetic imitation. The Deigo And Dora Shoes outsole may comprise a single piece, or may comprise separate pieces of different materials. Often the heel Deigo And Dora Shoes of the sole is rubber for durability and traction, while the front is leather for style. Specialized shoes will often have modifications on this design: athletic cleats have spikes embedded in the outsole to grip the Deigo And Dora Shoes ground; many kinds of dancing shoes have much softer or harder Deigo And Dora Shoes soles.
Midsole
The layer in between the outsole and the Deigo And Dora Shoes insole that is typically there for shock absorption. Deigo And Dora Shoes Some types of shoes, like running shoes, have another Deigo And Dora Shoes material for shock absorption, usually beneath the heel where one puts the most pressure down. Different companies use different materials for the midsoles Deigo And Dora Shoes of their shoes. Some shoes may not Deigo And Dora Shoes have a midsole at all.
Heel
Women's fashion boots
The bottom rear part of a shoe is the heel. Its function is to Deigo And Dora Shoes support the heel of the foot. Deigo And Dora Shoes They are often made of the same material as the sole of the shoe. This part Deigo And Dora Shoes can be high for fashion or to make the person look taller, Deigo And Dora Shoes or flat Deigo And Dora Shoes for Deigo And Dora Shoes a more practical use.
Vamp, or upper
Any shoe has an upper part that helps hold the shoe onto the foot. In the simplest cases, such as sandals or flip flops, this may be nothing more than a few Deigo And Dora Shoes straps Deigo And Dora Shoes for holding the sole in place. Closed footwear, such as boots, Deigo And Dora Shoes sneakers and most men's Deigo And Dora Shoes shoes, will have a more complex upper. This part is often decorated or is made in a certain style to look attractive. Deigo And Dora Shoes The U.S. Patent 3,355,535 , from 1967, describes a method for producing a shoe-upper (Hain 1967).
Accessories to shoes
Shoehorn: can be used to insert a Deigo And Dora Shoes foot into a shoe by keeping the shoe open Deigo And Dora Shoes and providing a smooth surface for the foot to slide upon.
Shoe tree: placed inside the shoe when user is not wearing it, to help maintain the shoe's shape.
Shoe polishing equipment:
Shoe polish: a waxy material spread on shoes to improve appearance, glossiness, and provide protection.
Shoe brush and polishing cloth: Deigo And Dora Shoes used to apply polish to Deigo And Dora Shoes shoes.
Overshoes or galoshes: a rubber covering placed over shoes for rain and Deigo And Dora Shoes snow protection.
(Orthopedic) Deigo And Dora Shoes shoe insert: insert of various materials Deigo And Dora Shoes for cushioning, improved fit, or reduced abrasion. These include padding and inner linings. Inserts may also be used to correct Deigo And Dora Shoes foot problems.
Shoe bag: Deigo And Dora Shoes a bag that protects shoes against damage when they are not being worn.
Shoe stretcher: a tool for making a shoe longer or wider or for reducing discomfort in areas of a shoe.
Snow shoe: a wooden or leather piece which increases the area of ground covered by the shoe.
Shoelaces: a system used to Deigo And Dora Shoes secure shoes.
Types of shoes
Shoes made from real crocodile skin, in a conservation exhibit at Bristol Zoo, England.
Dress and casual shoes
Dress shoes are categorized by smooth Deigo And Dora Shoes and supple leather uppers, leather soles, and narrow sleek Deigo And Dora Shoes figure. Casual shoes are characterized by Deigo And Dora Shoes sturdy leather uppers, non-leather Deigo And Dora Shoes outsoles, Deigo And Dora Shoes and wide profile.
Some designs of dress shoes can be worn by either gender. The majority of dress shoes have an upper covering, commonly Deigo And Dora Shoes made of leather, enclosing most of Deigo And Dora Shoes the lower foot, but not covering the ankles. This upper part of the shoe is often made without apertures or openings, but may also Deigo And Dora Shoes be made with openings or even itself consist of a series of straps, e.g. an open toe featured in women's shoes. Shoes with uppers made high to cover the ankles are Report Shoes Gigi Espadrilles also available; a shoe with the upper rising above the ankle is usually considered a boot but certain Deigo And Dora Shoes styles may be referred to as high-topped shoes Deigo And Dora Shoes or high-tops. Usually, a high-topped shoe Deigo And Dora Shoes is secured by laces or zippers, although some styles have elastic inserts to ease slipping Deigo And Dora Shoes the shoe on.
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Men's shoes
Men's shoes can be categorized by how they are closed:
Balmorals: Deigo And Dora Shoes the vamp has a V-shaped slit to which Deigo And Dora Shoes the laces are attached; also known as "closed lacing". In England, the balmoral is known as the Oxford. The word "Oxford" is used by American Deigo And Dora Shoes clothing companies Deigo And Dora Shoes to market shoes that are not Deigo And Dora Shoes balmorals, such as rubber-sole bluchers.
Bluchers: the laces are tied to two pieces of leather independently attached to the Deigo And Dora Shoes vamp; also Deigo And Dora Shoes known as "open lacing". In England, the Blucher is known as Deigo And Dora Shoes the Derby shoe.
Monk-straps: a Deigo And Dora Shoes buckle and strap instead of lacing
Various other closings exist but are less popular such as side-elastic closings.
Men's shoes can also be decorated in various ways:
Plain-toes: have a sleek appearance and no extra decorations on the vamp.
Cap-toes: has an extra layer of leather that "caps" the toe. This is possibly the most popular decoration.
Brogues (American: wing-tips): The toe of the shoe is covered with a perforated Deigo And Dora Shoes panel, Deigo And Dora Shoes the wing-tip, which extends down either Deigo And Dora Shoes side of the shoe. Brogues can be found in both balmoral and blucher Deigo And Dora Shoes styles. Please help improve this section by expanding it.
Further information might Deigo And Dora Shoes be found on the talk page or at requests for expansion.
The tone or style of Deigo And Dora Shoes this article or section may not be appropriate for Wikipedia.
Specific concerns may Deigo And Dora Shoes be found on the talk page. See Wikipedia's Deigo And Dora Shoes guide to writing better articles for suggestions.(December 2007)
Women's shoes
There is a Deigo And Dora Shoes large variety of shoes available for women, in addition to most of the men's styles being more accepted as unisex. Some broad categories are:
Pumps, known in the US and UK as ballerinas, ballet pumps or skimmers, are shoes with a very low heel and Deigo And Dora Shoes a relatively short vamp, exposing much of the instep. Deigo And Dora Shoes They are popular for warm-weather wear, and may be seen as more comfortable than shoes with a higher heel.
High Deigo And Dora Shoes heels may be shoes with Deigo And Dora Shoes heels 2 inches (5 cm) or higher. They are often seen as having more sex appeal than low heels (see article for discussion) and are thus commonly worn Deigo And Dora Shoes by women for formal occasions or social outings.
Sneaker boot and Deigo And Dora Shoes sneaker pump: a shoe that looks like Deigo And Dora Shoes an athletic shoe, but is equipped with a heel, making it Deigo And Dora Shoes a kind of novelty Deigo And Dora Shoes dress shoe.
Either gender
Women's sandals
Clog
Platform shoe: shoe with very thick Deigo And Dora Shoes soles and heels
Moccasin: originated Deigo And Dora Shoes by Native Americans, a soft shoe without a heel and usually made of leather.
Sandals: open Deigo And Dora Shoes shoes consisting of Deigo And Dora Shoes a Deigo And Dora Shoes sole and various straps, leaving much of the foot exposed to air. They are thus Deigo And Dora Shoes popular for warm-weather wear, because they let the foot be cooler than a closed-toed shoe would.
Saddle shoe: leather shoe with a contrasting saddle-shaped band over the instep, typically white uppers with black "saddle".
Loafer: a dress or casual shoe without laces; often with Deigo And Dora Shoes tassels, buckles, or coin-holders Deigo And Dora Shoes (penny loafers).
Boating shoes, also known as boat shoes and deck shoes: similar to a loafer, Deigo And Dora Shoes but more casual. Laces, if present, are usually simple leather (often two-tone) with no frills. Often made of canvas or featuring a white sole. They have Deigo And Dora Shoes soft soles/heels Deigo And Dora Shoes to avoid marring or scratching a boat deck.
Boots: Long shoes (covering the ankle) frequently made of leather. Some are designed to be used in times of bad weather, or simply as an alternate Deigo And Dora Shoes style of casual or Deigo And Dora Shoes dress wear. Styles include rubber Deigo And Dora Shoes boots and snow boots, as well as work boots and hiking boots.
Slippers: For indoor use, Deigo And Dora Shoes commonly worn with pajamas.
Athletic shoes
Men's Deigo And Dora Shoes and women's athletic shoes and special function shoes often have less difference between the sexes than in dress shoes. In many cases these Deigo And Dora Shoes shoes can be worn by either sex. Emphasis tends to be more on function than style.
Sneakers/trainers (also called Deigo And Dora Shoes gym shoes Deigo And Dora Shoes or tennis shoes): general purpose athletic Deigo And Dora Shoes shoes; made out of Deigo And Dora Shoes rubber, cloth, and/or plastic to be lightweight, flexible, and have good traction. Special varieties are available for basketball or tennis.
Running shoes: very similar to above, with additional emphasis on cushioning.
Track shoes: lightweight; Deigo And Dora Shoes often with plastic or metal cleats
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A shoe for Deigo And Dora Shoes the right foot.
Cleat (shoe): a Deigo And Dora Shoes type of shoe featuring molded or removable studs. Deigo And Dora Shoes Usually worn while playing sports such as Deigo And Dora Shoes rugby, football, American football, or baseball.
A shoe for the right foot.
Golf shoes: with "spikes" for better grip in grass and wet ground. Originally the spikes or "cleats" were made of metal but replaceable "soft spikes" made of synthetic plastic-like Deigo And Dora Shoes materials with Deigo And Dora Shoes prongs distributed radially around the edge Deigo And Dora Shoes of each spike are much more common today (and Deigo And Dora Shoes are Deigo And Dora Shoes required on many golf courses since they cause less damage to the greens).
Bowling shoes: intermediate style between ordinary dress shoes and athletic shoes. They have harder rubber soles/heels so as not to damage bowling alley floors. They are often rented or loaned at bowling alleys.
Climbing shoes: a shoe designed for rock climbing. They typically have a close Deigo And Dora Shoes fit, little if any padding, and a smooth sticky Deigo And Dora Shoes rubber sole with an extended rubber rand.
Hiking shoes or boots: Deigo And Dora Shoes usually Deigo And Dora Shoes have a high somewhat stiff upper with many Deigo And Dora Shoes lace eyelets, Deigo And Dora Shoes to provide ankle support on uneven terrain, with extra large traction on the sole.
Walking shoes: have a more flexible sole than the running shoe, lighter in weight than the hiking boot, may have air holes, may not be water proof.
Skating shoes: typically called skates. They have various Deigo And Dora Shoes attachments for skating on the bottom of the shoe portion.
Ice skates
Roller Deigo And Dora Shoes skates
Inline Deigo And Dora Shoes skates
Ski boot: a Deigo And Dora Shoes large, thick plastic boot specially designed for attachment to the Deigo And Dora Shoes ski.
Skateboarding shoes have flat soles for a better grip Deigo And Dora Shoes on a skateboard. They are very wide and have extra layers Deigo And Dora Shoes of padding to protect the skateboarders feet.
Cycling shoes are equipped with a metal or plastic cleat to Deigo And Dora Shoes interface with clipless pedals, as Deigo And Dora Shoes well as a stiff sole to maximize power Deigo And Dora Shoes transfer and Deigo And Dora Shoes support the foot.
Snowshoes are special Deigo And Dora Shoes shoes for walking Deigo And Dora Shoes in thick snow. In temperate climates, snowshoes are used for mostly recreational purposes in winter.
Wrestling shoes are light, flexible shoes that mimic bare feet while Deigo And Dora Shoes providing additional traction Deigo And Dora Shoes and protection.
Orthopedic shoes
Orthopedic or "comfort" shoes are made with pedorthic Deigo And Dora Shoes and anatomically-correct comfort qualities, such Deigo And Dora Shoes as padded removable footbeds, wide Deigo And Dora Shoes toe boxes and arch support are made especially for those with problematic feet.
Dance shoes
Pointe shoes. Designed for ballet dancing. Deigo And Dora Shoes These have a toe box that is stiffened with glue and a hardened sole so the dancer can stand on the tips of Deigo And Dora Shoes their Deigo And Dora Shoes toes. Deigo And Dora Shoes They are secured by elastic straps and ribbons Deigo And Dora Shoes that are tied to the dancer's ankles.
Ballet shoes Heel-less slippers made of canvas or leather, with either Deigo And Dora Shoes continuous or two-part sole (i.e., split-sole). The sole is typically made of leather, with thicker material under the ball and heel of the foot, and thinner and thus more flexible material under the arch so that the foot can be pointed to its utmost. Ballet slippers are usually secured Deigo And Dora Shoes by elastics that cross over the top of Deigo And Dora Shoes the foot. They are Deigo And Dora Shoes most commonly pink, white, black, or Deigo And Dora Shoes pale tan, although they may be made Deigo And Dora Shoes in specialty colours such as red or blue.
Jazz shoes. These Deigo And Dora Shoes typically have a two-part, rubberized sole (i.e., split-sole) to provide both flexibility and traction, and a low Deigo And Dora Shoes (one inch or shorter) heel. They are secured to Deigo And Dora Shoes the foot by laces or elastic inserts.
Tango/flamenco dance shoes.
Ballroom shoes. They fall into two categories for the two genres Deigo And Dora Shoes of dances as defined by the IDSF (International DanceSport Federation): Ballroom and Latin Deigo And Dora Shoes American. Both Deigo And Dora Shoes are characterised by suede soles. Mens' Ballroom shoes are Deigo And Dora Shoes typically lace-ups Deigo And Dora Shoes with 1-inch heels and patent leather uppers. Ladies' Ballroom shoes are typically court shoes with low 2-inch heels, usually made of fabric so that they can be finished with a Deigo And Dora Shoes greater variety Deigo And Dora Shoes of colours to match the dancer's dress. The low Ballroom heel distributes the dancer's weight Deigo And Dora Shoes across the foot while Latin American Deigo And Dora Shoes shoes Deigo And Dora Shoes have higher heels designed to Deigo And Dora Shoes throw the dancer's weight on to the toes and the soles are more flexible. Men's Latin shoes typically have 1.5-inch to 2-inch shaped heels while Deigo And Dora Shoes Ladies' Latin Deigo And Dora Shoes shoes have 2,5-inch to 3-inch heels, open-toed and strapped.
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Dance sneakers. Also known as dansneakers, these are a combination of a sneaker and a dance shoe, Deigo And Dora Shoes with a reinforced rubber toe.
Character shoes. Deigo And Dora Shoes Shoes with a Deigo And Dora Shoes one to Deigo And Dora Shoes three inch heel, which are usually made of leather, and often have one or more straps across the instep to secure the Deigo And Dora Shoes foot during dance. They Deigo And Dora Shoes may come in Deigo And Dora Shoes soft-soled (suede) or hard-soled varieties. They may be converted to tap shoes by attaching taps.
Foot thongs. Variously called called Foot Paws and FootUndeez, Deigo And Dora Shoes depending on the manufacturer, these are slip-on, partial foot covers that protect the ball of a dancer's foot from skin abrasions Deigo And Dora Shoes while executing turns. From a Deigo And Dora Shoes distance, flesh colored foot thongs give a dancer the appearance of having Deigo And Dora Shoes bare feet.
Modern pointe shoes.
Ballet shoes.
Jazz shoes. This style is frequently worn by acro dancers.
A foot thong, viewed from the underside.
Work shoes
Work shoes are designed to stand heavy wear, to protect the wearer, and provide high traction. They are generally made from sturdy leather Deigo And Dora Shoes uppers and non-leather outsoles. Sometimes Deigo And Dora Shoes they are used for uniforms or comfort by nurses, waitresses, police, military personnel, Deigo And Dora Shoes etc. They Deigo And Dora Shoes are commonly used for protection in industrial settings, construction, mining, and other workplaces. Protective features may include steel-tipped toes and soles or Deigo And Dora Shoes ankle guards.
Historical shoes
Footwear has been worn for tens of thousands of years. Deigo And Dora Shoes Shoes of the past include:
Espadrilles: these sandals, which are still worn today, are found as early as the 14th century.
Patten: a European wooden overshoe Deigo And Dora Shoes used to keep a person's feet dry outdoors. First worn in the middle ages, Deigo And Dora Shoes they continued in use even into the early 20th century.
Poulaine: a shoe with a long-pointed toe, Deigo And Dora Shoes popular in Europe in Deigo And Dora Shoes the 1400s.
Moccasins: the historical shoe of many North American Indian tribes.
Maintenance
Breaking-in: Some shoes are made of hard but deformable Deigo And Dora Shoes material. After a person wears Deigo And Dora Shoes them multiple times, the material reforms to fit the wearer's feet. The person is said to have broken Deigo And Dora Shoes in the shoes.
Polishing: for protection, water resistance (to some extent) and appearance, especially for leather shoes Deigo And Dora Shoes and boots.
Heel replacement: heels periodically wear out. Not all shoes Deigo And Dora Shoes are designed to enable this.
Sole replacement: Deigo And Dora Shoes soles also wear Deigo And Dora Shoes out. Not all shoes can have their soles replaced.
Shoelace replacement.
When unfit for use, shoes can be treated as trash or municipal solid waste and disposed of. The exception can be with most athletic sneakers which can be recycled and turned into other raw materials. See Nike Grind as an example.
Someone Deigo And Dora Shoes who Deigo And Dora Shoes makes or repairs shoes in a shop is called a cobbler.
Shoe etiquette
In most Deigo And Dora Shoes parts of the world (Asia, Eastern Europe, parts of the Middle East and Africa, much of Northern Europe and Canada, as well as Alaska) it is customary Deigo And Dora Shoes to remove shoes when entering a house. In some areas of Deigo And Dora Shoes the United States, especially the Midwest, it is expected that visitors remove their shoes unless a host specifically invites them to Deigo And Dora Shoes leave their shoes on. People do this to avoid bringing dirt, mud or snow into the house. For some societies, including those Deigo And Dora Shoes in Asia, indoor footwear may Deigo And Dora Shoes be provided Deigo And Dora Shoes for guests.
In the Middle East, parts Deigo And Dora Shoes of Africa, Korea and Thailand, it Deigo And Dora Shoes is considered rude to show the soles of the feet to others (even accidentally, such as by crossing the legs). In addition, in Thailand, it is an Deigo And Dora Shoes extreme insult for the foot, socks, or shoes to touch someone's head or be placed Deigo And Dora Shoes over Deigo And Dora Shoes it. Although feet touching Deigo And Dora Shoes heads is Deigo And Dora Shoes an extremely rare occurrence in any society, Deigo And Dora Shoes some Muay Thai boxers insult each other by "kicking" the opponent's Deigo And Dora Shoes head with their foot (most Muay Thai kicks are executed with the shin). |
