The earliest known shoes date from about Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes 8000 to 7000 BCE and were found in Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes Oregon, USA in Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes 1938[1]. However, the materials Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes used for making shoes do not normally last for thousands of years, Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes so shoes were probably in use long before this. Physical anthropologist Erik Trinkaus believes he has found evidence that the use of shoes began in the period between about 40,000 and 26,000 years ago, based on the Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes fact that the thickness of the bones of the toes (other than the big toe) decreased during this period, on the premise that going barefoot results in Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes greater bone growth before this period.[1]
Parts Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes of a shoe
Gluing a new outsole to an athletic shoe
Sole
The bottom of a shoe is called the sole.
Insole
The insole Timberland Boat Shoes is the interior bottom of a shoe, which Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes sits directly beneath the foot. Many Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes shoes have removable and Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes replaceable insoles, and extra insoles are often added for comfort or health reasons (to control the shape, moisture, or smell of the shoe).
Outsole
The outsole Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes is the layer in direct contact with the ground. Dress shoes have leather outsoles; casual or work-oriented shoes have outsoles made of natural rubber or a synthetic imitation. The outsole may comprise a single piece, or may comprise separate pieces of Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes different materials. Often the heel of the sole is rubber for Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes durability and traction, while the front is leather for style. Specialized shoes will often have Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes modifications on this design: athletic cleats have spikes embedded in the outsole to grip the ground; many kinds of dancing shoes have much softer or harder soles.
Midsole
The layer in between the outsole and the insole that is typically there Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes for shock Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes absorption. Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes Some types of shoes, like Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes running shoes, have another Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes material for shock absorption, usually beneath the heel where one puts the most pressure down. Different companies use different materials for the midsoles of their shoes. Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes Some shoes may not have a midsole at all.
Heel
Women's fashion boots
The Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes bottom rear part of a shoe is the heel. Its function is to support the heel of the foot. They are often made of the same material as the sole of the shoe. This part can be high Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes for Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes fashion Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes or to make the person look taller, or flat for a more practical use.
Vamp, or upper
Any shoe has an upper part that Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes helps hold the shoe Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes onto the foot. Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes In the simplest Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes cases, such as sandals or flip flops, Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes this may be nothing more than a few straps for holding the sole in place. Closed footwear, Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes such as boots, sneakers and most men's shoes, will have a more complex upper. This part is often decorated or Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes is made in a certain style to Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes look Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes attractive. The Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes U.S. Patent 3,355,535 , from 1967, describes a method for producing a shoe-upper (Hain 1967).
Accessories to shoes
Shoehorn: can be used to insert a foot into a Report Shoes Gigi Espadrilles shoe by keeping the Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes shoe open Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes and providing a smooth surface for the foot to slide upon.
Shoe tree: placed inside the shoe when user is not wearing it, to help maintain Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes the shoe's shape.
Shoe polishing equipment:
Shoe Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes polish: a waxy material spread on shoes to improve appearance, glossiness, and provide protection.
Shoe brush and polishing cloth: used to apply polish to shoes.
Overshoes or galoshes: a rubber covering placed over shoes for rain and snow protection.
(Orthopedic) shoe insert: insert of various materials for cushioning, improved Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes fit, or reduced abrasion. These include padding Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes and inner linings. Inserts may also be used to correct foot problems.
Shoe bag: a Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes bag that protects shoes against damage when they are not being worn.
Shoe stretcher: a tool for making a shoe longer or wider or for reducing discomfort in areas of a shoe.
Snow shoe: a wooden or leather piece which increases the area of ground covered by Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes the shoe.
Shoelaces: a system used to secure shoes.
Types of shoes
Shoes made from real crocodile skin, in a conservation exhibit at Bristol Zoo, England.
Dress and casual Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes shoes
Dress shoes Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes are categorized by smooth and supple leather uppers, leather soles, and narrow sleek figure. Casual shoes are characterized by sturdy leather uppers, non-leather outsoles, and wide profile.
Some designs of dress shoes can be Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes worn by either gender. The majority of dress shoes Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes have an upper covering, commonly made Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes of leather, enclosing most of the lower foot, but not covering the ankles. This Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes upper part of the shoe is often made without apertures or openings, but may also be made with openings or even itself consist of a series of Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes straps, e.g. an open toe featured Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes in women's shoes. Shoes with uppers made high Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes to cover the ankles are also available; a shoe with the upper rising above the ankle Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes is usually considered a boot but certain styles may be referred to as high-topped shoes or Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes high-tops. Usually, a high-topped shoe is secured by laces or zippers, although some styles have elastic inserts to ease slipping the shoe on.
Men's shoes
Men's shoes can be categorized by how they are closed:
Balmorals: the Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes vamp has a V-shaped slit to which the laces are attached; also known as "closed lacing". Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes In Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes England, the balmoral is known as the Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes Oxford. The word "Oxford" is used by American clothing companies to market shoes that are not balmorals, such as rubber-sole bluchers.
Bluchers: the laces are tied to two pieces of leather independently attached to the vamp; also known as "open lacing". In England, Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes the Blucher Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes is known as the Derby shoe.
Monk-straps: a buckle and strap instead of lacing
Various other closings exist but are less popular such as side-elastic closings.
Men's shoes can Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes also Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes be decorated Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes in various ways:
Plain-toes: have a sleek appearance and no Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes extra decorations on the vamp.
Cap-toes: has an extra layer of leather that "caps" the toe. This is possibly the most popular decoration.
Brogues (American: wing-tips): The toe of the shoe is covered with a perforated panel, the wing-tip, which extends down either side of the shoe. Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes Brogues Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes can be Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes found in both Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes balmoral and blucher styles. Please help improve this section by expanding it.
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The tone or style of this Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes article or section may not Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes be appropriate for Wikipedia.
Specific concerns may be found on the talk page. See Wikipedia's Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes guide to writing better articles for suggestions.(December 2007)
Women's shoes
There is a large variety of shoes available for women, in addition to most of the men's styles being more accepted as unisex. Some broad categories Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes are:
Pumps, known in the US and UK as ballerinas, ballet pumps Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes or skimmers, Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes are Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes shoes with a very low heel and a relatively short vamp, exposing Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes much of the instep. They are Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes popular for warm-weather wear, and may be seen as more comfortable Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes than shoes with a higher heel.
High heels may be shoes with heels 2 inches (5 cm) or Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes higher. They are often seen Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes as having more sex appeal than Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes low heels (see Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes article for discussion) and are thus commonly worn by women for formal occasions or social outings.
Sneaker boot and Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes sneaker pump: a shoe that Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes looks like an athletic shoe, but is equipped with a heel, making it a kind of novelty dress Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes shoe.
Either gender
Women's Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes sandals
Clog
Platform shoe: shoe with very thick soles Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes and heels
Moccasin: originated by Native Americans, a Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes soft shoe without a heel and usually made of leather.
Sandals: open shoes consisting of a Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes sole and various straps, leaving much of the foot exposed to air. They are thus popular for warm-weather wear, because they let the Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes foot be cooler than a closed-toed shoe would.
Saddle shoe: leather shoe with a contrasting saddle-shaped band over the instep, Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes typically white uppers with black "saddle".
Loafer: a dress or casual shoe without laces; Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes often with Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes tassels, buckles, or coin-holders (penny loafers).
Boating shoes, also known as boat Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes shoes and deck shoes: similar to a loafer, but more casual. Laces, if Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes present, are usually simple leather (often two-tone) with no frills. Often Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes made of canvas or featuring a white sole. They have soft Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes soles/heels to avoid marring or scratching a boat deck.
Boots: Long shoes (covering the ankle) frequently made of leather. Some are designed to be used in times of bad Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes weather, or simply as an Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes alternate style of casual or dress wear. Styles include rubber Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes boots and snow Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes boots, as well as work boots Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes and hiking boots.
Slippers: For indoor use, commonly worn with pajamas.
Athletic shoes
Men's and Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes women's athletic shoes and special function shoes often have less difference between the sexes Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes than in dress shoes. In many cases these shoes can be worn by either sex. Emphasis tends to be more on function than style.
Sneakers/trainers (also called gym shoes or tennis shoes): general purpose athletic shoes; made out of Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes rubber, cloth, and/or plastic to be lightweight, Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes flexible, and have good Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes traction. Special varieties are available for basketball or tennis.
Running shoes: very similar to above, with additional emphasis on cushioning.
Track shoes: lightweight; often with plastic or metal cleats
A shoe for the right foot.
Cleat (shoe): a type of shoe Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes featuring molded or removable studs. Usually worn while playing sports such as rugby, football, American football, or baseball. Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes
A shoe Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes for the right foot.
Golf shoes: with "spikes" for better grip in grass and wet ground. Originally the spikes or "cleats" were made of Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes metal but replaceable "soft spikes" made of synthetic plastic-like materials with prongs distributed radially around the edge of each spike Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes are much more common today (and are required on many golf courses since they cause less Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes damage to the greens).
Bowling shoes: intermediate style Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes between ordinary dress shoes and athletic shoes. They have harder rubber soles/heels so as not to damage bowling alley floors. They are often rented Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes or loaned at bowling alleys.
Climbing shoes: a shoe designed for rock climbing. They typically have a close fit, little if any padding, and a smooth sticky rubber sole with Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes an extended rubber rand.
Hiking shoes or boots: usually have a high somewhat stiff upper with many lace eyelets, to provide ankle support on uneven terrain, Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes with extra large traction on the sole.
Walking shoes: have a Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes more flexible sole than the running shoe, lighter in weight than the hiking Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes boot, may have air holes, may not be water proof.
Skating shoes: typically called skates. They have various attachments for skating on Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes the Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes bottom of the shoe portion.
Ice skates
Roller skates
Inline Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes skates
Ski boot: a large, thick plastic boot specially designed for attachment Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes to the ski.
Skateboarding shoes have flat soles for a better grip on a skateboard. They are very wide and have extra layers of padding to protect the skateboarders feet.
Cycling Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes shoes Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes are equipped with a metal or plastic cleat to interface with clipless pedals, as well as a stiff sole to maximize power transfer and support the foot.
Snowshoes Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes are Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes special shoes Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes for walking in thick snow. In temperate climates, snowshoes are used for Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes mostly recreational purposes Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes in winter.
Wrestling shoes are light, flexible shoes that Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes mimic bare feet while providing additional traction and protection.
Orthopedic shoes
Orthopedic Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes or "comfort" shoes are made with pedorthic and anatomically-correct comfort qualities, such as padded removable footbeds, wide toe boxes and Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes arch support are made especially for those with problematic feet.
Dance shoes
Pointe Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes shoes. Designed for ballet dancing. These have a toe box that is stiffened with glue and a hardened sole so the dancer can stand on the Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes tips of their toes. They are secured Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes by elastic straps and Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes ribbons Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes that Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes are tied to the dancer's ankles.
Ballet shoes Heel-less slippers made of canvas or leather, with either continuous or two-part sole (i.e., split-sole). The sole is Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes typically made of leather, with thicker Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes material under the ball and heel of the foot, and thinner Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes and thus more flexible material under the arch so that the foot can be pointed to its utmost. Ballet slippers are usually secured by elastics Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes that cross over the Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes top of the foot. They are Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes most commonly pink, white, Deigo And Dora Shoes black, or pale tan, although they may be made in specialty colours such as red or blue.
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Jazz shoes. Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes These typically have a Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes two-part, rubberized sole (i.e., split-sole) Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes to provide both flexibility and traction, and a low (one inch or Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes shorter) heel. They are secured to the foot by laces or elastic inserts.
Tango/flamenco dance shoes.
Ballroom shoes. They fall into two categories for Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes the two Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes genres of dances as defined by the IDSF (International DanceSport Federation): Ballroom and Latin Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes American. Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes Both are characterised by suede soles. Mens' Ballroom shoes are typically Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes lace-ups Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes with 1-inch heels and patent leather uppers. Ladies' Ballroom shoes are typically Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes court shoes with Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes low 2-inch heels, Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes usually made of fabric Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes so that they Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes can be finished with a greater variety of colours to match the dancer's dress. The low Ballroom heel distributes Work Shoes For Cement Workers the dancer's weight across Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes the foot while Latin American shoes have Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes higher heels designed to throw the dancer's weight on to the toes and the soles are more flexible. Men's Latin shoes typically have 1.5-inch to 2-inch shaped heels while Ladies' Latin shoes have 2,5-inch to 3-inch heels, open-toed and strapped.
Dance sneakers. Also known as dansneakers, these Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes are a combination of a sneaker and a dance shoe, with a reinforced rubber toe.
Character shoes. Shoes with a one to three inch heel, which are usually Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes made of leather, and often have one or more straps across the instep to secure the foot during dance. They may come in soft-soled (suede) or hard-soled varieties. They may be converted to tap shoes by attaching taps.
Foot thongs. Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes Variously called called Foot Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes Paws and Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes FootUndeez, depending on the manufacturer, these are Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes slip-on, partial foot covers that protect the ball of Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes a dancer's Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes foot from skin abrasions while executing turns. From a distance, flesh colored foot thongs give Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes a dancer the appearance Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes of having Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes bare feet.
Modern pointe shoes.
Ballet shoes. Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes
Jazz shoes. This style is Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes frequently worn by acro dancers.
A foot thong, viewed from the underside.
Work shoes
Work shoes are designed to stand heavy wear, Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes to protect the wearer, and provide high traction. They are generally made from sturdy leather uppers and Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes non-leather outsoles. Sometimes they are used Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes for uniforms or comfort by nurses, Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes Towne Shoes waitresses, police, military personnel, etc. They are commonly used for protection in industrial settings, construction, mining, and other workplaces. Protective features may include steel-tipped toes and Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes soles or ankle guards.
Historical shoes
Footwear has been worn for tens of thousands of Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes years. Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes Shoes Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes of the past include:
Espadrilles: these sandals, which are still worn today, are found as early as the 14th Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes century.
Patten: a European wooden Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes overshoe used to keep Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes a person's feet dry outdoors. First worn in the middle ages, they Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes continued Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes in use even into the early Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes 20th Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes century.
Poulaine: a shoe Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes with a long-pointed toe, popular in Europe Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes in the 1400s.
Moccasins: the historical shoe of many North Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes American Indian tribes.
Maintenance
Breaking-in: Some shoes are made of hard but deformable material. After a person wears them multiple times, the material reforms to fit the wearer's feet. The person is said to have broken in the shoes.
Polishing: for protection, Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes water resistance (to some Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes extent) and appearance, especially for leather shoes and boots.
Heel replacement: heels periodically wear out. Not all shoes are designed to enable this.
Sole replacement: soles also wear out. Not all shoes can have their soles replaced.
Shoelace Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes replacement.
When unfit for use, shoes can be treated as trash or municipal solid waste and disposed Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes of. The exception can be with most athletic Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes sneakers which Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes can be recycled and turned into other raw materials. See Nike Grind Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes as an Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes example.
Someone who makes or repairs shoes in a shop is called a cobbler.
Shoe Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes etiquette
In most parts of the world (Asia, Eastern Europe, parts of the Middle Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes East and Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes Africa, much of Northern Europe and Canada, as well as Alaska) Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes it is customary to remove shoes when entering a house. In some areas of the United Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes States, especially Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes the Midwest, it is Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes expected that visitors remove their shoes Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes unless a host specifically invites them to Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes leave their shoes on. People do this to avoid bringing dirt, mud or snow into the house. For some societies, including those in Asia, indoor footwear may be provided for guests.
In the Middle East, parts of Africa, Korea and Thailand, it is considered Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes rude to show the soles of the feet to others Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes (even accidentally, such as by crossing the legs). In addition, in Thailand, it is an extreme insult for the foot, socks, or shoes to touch Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes someone's Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes head Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes or be placed over it. Although feet touching heads is an extremely rare Bleyer Swing Dance Shoes occurrence in any society, some Muay Thai boxers insult each other by "kicking" the opponent's head with their foot (most Muay Thai kicks are executed with the shin). |
