An employer High Heel Foot Job Videos is a person or Job Cover Latter institution that hires employees or workers. Employers offer wages or a salary to the workers in exchange for the High Heel Foot Job Videos worker's labor power, depending High Heel Foot Job Videos upon whether the employee is paid by the hour or a set High Heel Foot Job Videos rate per pay period. A salaried employee is typically High Heel Foot Job Videos not paid more for High Heel Foot Job Videos more hours worked than the minimum, whereas wages are paid for High Heel Foot Job Videos all hours worked, including overtime.
Employers include everything from individuals hiring a High Heel Foot Job Videos babysitter to governments and businesses which may hire many thousands of High Heel Foot Job Videos employees. In most western societies governments are High Heel Foot Job Videos the largest single employers, but most of the work force is employed in small and High Heel Foot Job Videos medium businesses in the private sector.
Note that although employees may contribute to the evolution of an High Heel Foot Job Videos an enterprise, the employer maintains autonomous control over the productive base of land and capital, and is the entity named High Heel Foot Job Videos in contracts. The employer typically High Heel Foot Job Videos also maintains ownership High Heel Foot Job Videos of intellectual property High Heel Foot Job Videos created by an employee within the scope of High Heel Foot Job Videos employment and as a High Heel Foot Job Videos function thereof. These are High Heel Foot Job Videos known as "works for hire".
An employers� relative level of power over employees is dependent upon numerous factors; the most influential being the nature of the employment relationship. The relationship employers share with High Heel Foot Job Videos employees is affected by three significant factors � interests, High Heel Foot Job Videos control and motivation. It is up to employers to effectively manage and balance these High Heel Foot Job Videos factors to ensure a harmonious and High Heel Foot Job Videos productive working High Heel Foot Job Videos relationship.
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The balance of economic efficiency and social equity is the ultimate debate in the field of employment relations. By meeting the needs of the High Heel Foot Job Videos employer; generating profits to establish and maintain economic efficiency; whilst maintaining a balance High Heel Foot Job Videos with the employee High Heel Foot Job Videos and creating social equity that benefits the worker so that he/she can fund and enjoy healthy living; proves to be a continuous revolving issue in westernised societies.
Globalisation has effected these issues by creating certain economic factors that disallow or allow various employment issues. Economist Edward Lee (1996) High Heel Foot Job Videos studies the effects of globalisation High Heel Foot Job Videos and summarizes the four major points of concern that effect employment relations: High Heel Foot Job Videos (1) International competition, from the newly industrialized countries, will cause unemployment growth and increased wage disparity for unskilled workers in industrialized countries. Imports from low-wage countries exert pressure on the manufacturing sector High Heel Foot Job Videos in industrialized countries and foreign direct investment (FDI) is attracted away from the industrialized nations, towards low-waged countries. (2) Economic liberalization will result in unemployment and wage inequality in developing countries. High Heel Foot Job Videos This happens as job losses in un-competitive industries outstrip High Heel Foot Job Videos job opportunities in new industries. Workers will be forced to High Heel Foot Job Videos accept worsening wages and conditions, as a global labour market results in a �race to the bottom�. Increased international competition creates a High Heel Foot Job Videos pressure to reduce the wages and conditions of workers. High Heel Foot Job Videos Globalization reduces the autonomy High Heel Foot Job Videos of the nation state. Capital is increasingly mobile and the High Heel Foot Job Videos ability of the state to regulate economic activity is reduced.
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What also result�s High Heel Foot Job Videos to Lee�s (1996) findings is that in industrialized countries an average of almost 70 per cent High Heel Foot Job Videos of workers are employed in the service sector, most of which consists of non-tradable activities. As a High Heel Foot Job Videos result workers are either forced to High Heel Foot Job Videos become more skilled an develop sought after trades or become of High Heel Foot Job Videos this High Heel Foot Job Videos sector. Ultimately this is a result of changes and trends of employment, an evolving High Heel Foot Job Videos workforce and High Heel Foot Job Videos globalisation that is High Heel Foot Job Videos represented by a more skilled and increasing highly diverse labour force, that are growing in non standard forms of employment
Interests can be best described as monetary constraints and economic pressures placed High Heel Foot Job Videos on organizations in their pursuit of profits. It High Heel Foot Job Videos covers facets such as labour productivity, High Heel Foot Job Videos wages and the effect of financial High Heel Foot Job Videos markets on businesses.
Wood et al High Heel Foot Job Videos (2004, p 355) describe control can as being either output focused, focusing on desired targets with within managers defining, and using, their own methods for reaching targets, or process High Heel Foot Job Videos controls, which specify the manner in which tasks will be achieved (Ibid, High Heel Foot Job Videos p. 357). Employer and managerial control within an organization rests at many levels and has important High Heel Foot Job Videos implications for staff High Heel Foot Job Videos and productivity alike, with control forming the fundamental link between desired outcomes and High Heel Foot Job Videos actual processes. Thus employers must balance interests such as High Heel Foot Job Videos decreasing wage constraints with a maximization of labour productivity in order to High Heel Foot Job Videos achieve a prolific employment relationship.
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Motivation is the third and most difficult of the factors in the High Heel Foot Job Videos employment relationship for High Heel Foot Job Videos employers to effectively manage. Employee motivation can often be in direct conflict High Heel Foot Job Videos with control mechanisms of employers, and can be broadly defined as that High Heel Foot Job Videos which energizes, directs and sustains human behaviour ( Stone, 2005, p 412). Dubin (1958, p 213) further elaborates on this, noting High Heel Foot Job Videos motivation as �something that High Heel Foot Job Videos moves a person to action, and continues him in the course of action already initiated.�
The employment relationship is thus a difficult challenge for employers to manage, as all three facets are often in direct competition with each other, with interests, High Heel Foot Job Videos control and motivation often clashing in the equally important quest for individual employee High Heel Foot Job Videos autonomy ,employer command and ultimate profits. |
