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ENTER HERE: Chuck Music musical material, or Chuck Music composition, as held in western Chuck Music classical music. Even when music Chuck Music is notated precisely, there Chuck Music are still many decisions that a performer has to make. The process of a performer deciding Chuck Music how to perform music that has been previously composed and notated is termed interpretation. Different performers' interpretations of the same music can vary widely. Composers and song writers who present their own Chuck Music music are interpreting, just as much as those who perform the music of others or folk music. Chuck Music The standard body of choices and techniques present at a given time and a given place is referred to as performance practice, where as interpretation is generally used to mean either individual Chuck Music choices of a performer, or an aspect of music which is Chuck Music not clear, and therefore has a "standard" interpretation. In Chuck Music some musical genres, such as jazz and blues, even more freedom is given to the performer to engage in improvisation on a basic melodic, harmonic, or rhythmic framework. The greatest latitude is given to the Chuck Music performer in a style of performing Chuck Music called free improvisation, which is Chuck Musicmaterial that is spontaneously "thought of" (imagined) while being performed, not preconceived. According to Chuck Music the analysis of Georgiana Costescu,[citation needed] improvised music usually follows stylistic or genre conventions and even "fully composed" includes some freely chosen material. Composition does not Chuck Music always mean the use of notation, Chuck Music or the known sole authorship Chuck Music of one individual. Music can Chuck Music also be determined by describing a "process" which may create Chuck Music musical sounds; examples of this range from wind chimes, through computer programs which select sounds. Chuck Music Music which contains elements selected by chance is called AleatoricChuck Musicmusic, and is associated Chuck Music with such composers as JohnChuck MusicCage, Morton Feldman, and Sony Music Entertainment Witold Lutoslawski. Musical composition is a term that Chuck Music describes the composition of a piece of music. Methods of composition vary widely from one composer to another, however in analysing music all forms Chuck Music � Chuck Music spontaneous, trained, or untrained � are built from elements comprising a musical piece. Music can Chuck Music be composed Chuck Music for repeated performance or it can be improvised: composed on the spot. The music Chuck Music can be performed entirely from memory, from a written system of musical notation, or some combination of both. Study of composition has traditionally been dominated by examination of methods Chuck Music and practice of Western classical music, but Chuck Music the definition of composition is Chuck Music broad enough to include spontaneously improvised works like those of free jazz performers and African drummers. What is important in understanding the composition of a piece is singling out Chuck Music its Chuck Music elements. An Chuck Music understanding of music's formal elements can be helpful in deciphering Chuck Music exactly how a piece is constructed. A universal element of music Chuck Music is how sounds occur in time, which is referred to as the rhythm of a Chuck Music piece of music. When a piece appears to have a changing time-feel, it is considered to be in rubato Chuck Music time, an Italian expression that indicates that the tempo of the piece changes to suit the expressive intent of Chuck Music the performer. Chuck Music Even random placement of random sounds, which occurs in musical montage, occurs within some kind of time, and thus employs time as a musical element. Notation is Chuck Music the written expression Chuck Music of music notes and rhythms on paper using symbols. When music Chuck Music is written down, the pitches and rhythm of the music is notated, along with instructions on how to perform the music. The study Chuck Music of how to read notation involves music theory, harmony, the study of performance practice, and in some cases an understanding of historical performance methods. Written notation varies with style and period of music. In Western Art music, the most common types Chuck Music of written notation are scores, which include all the Chuck Music music parts of an ensemble piece, Chuck Music and Chuck Music parts, which are the music notation for Chuck Music the individual performers or singers. Chuck Music In popular music, Chuck Music jazz, and Chuck Music blues, the standard Chuck Music musical notation is the lead sheet, which notates Chuck Music the melody, chords, lyrics (if it is a vocal piece), and Chuck Music structure of the music. Scores and parts are also used in popular music and jazz, particularly Chuck Music in large ensembles such as jazz "big bands." In popular music, guitarists and electric bass players often read Chuck Music music notated in tablature, whichChuck Musicindicates the location of the notes to be played on the instrument using a diagram of the guitar or bass fingerboard. Tabulature was also used in the Baroque era to notate music for the lute,Chuck Musica stringed, fretted instrument. NotatedChuck Musicmusic is produced as sheet music. To perform music from notation requires an understanding of both the musical style and the performance practice that is associated with a piece of music or genre. Improvisation is the creation of spontaneous Chuck Music music. Improvisation is often considered an act of instantaneous composition by composers, where Chuck Music compositional Chuck Music techniques Chuck Music are employed with or without preparation. Music theory encompasses the nature and mechanics of music. It often involves identifying patterns Chuck Music that govern composers' techniques. Chuck Music In Chuck Music a more detailed sense, music theory (in the western system) also distills and analyzes the elements of music � rhythm, harmony (harmonic function), melody, structure, and Chuck Music texture. People who study these propertiesChuck Musicare known as music theorists. The field of music cognition involves the study of many aspects of music including how it is processed by listeners. Rather than accepting the standard practices of analyzing, composing, Egyptian Reggae Music and performing music as a given, much Chuck Music research in music cognition seeks Chuck Music instead Chuck Music to uncover the mental processes that underlie these practices. Also, research in the field seeks to uncover commonalities Chuck Music between the musical traditions of disparate cultures and possible cognitive "constraints" that limit these musical Chuck Music systems. Questions regarding musical innateness, and emotional responses to music are also major areas of research in the field. Deaf people can experience music by feeling the vibrations Chuck Music in their body, a process Chuck Music which Chuck Music can Chuck Music be enhanced if the Chuck Music individual holds a resonant, hollow object. A well-known deaf musician is the composer Ludwig van Beethoven, who composed Chuck Music many famous works even after he had completely lost his hearing. Recent examples of deaf musicians include Evelyn Glennie, a highly acclaimed percussionist who has been deaf since age twelve, and Chris Buck, a virtuoso violinist who has lost his hearing. This is relevant Chuck Music because Chuck Music it indicates that music is a deeper cognitive process than unexamined phrases such as, "pleasing to the ear" would suggest. Chuck Music Much research in music cognition seeks to uncover these complex Chuck Music mental Chuck Music processes involved in listening to music, which may seem intuitively Chuck Music simple, yet are vastly intricate and complex.The music that composers make can be heard Chuck Music through several media; Chuck Music the most traditional Chuck Music way is to hear it live, in the presence, or as one of the musicians. Live music can also be broadcast over the radio, television or the internet. Some musical styles focus on producing a sound for a performance, while others focus on producing a recording which mixes Chuck Music together sounds which were never played Chuck Music "live". Recording, even of styles which Chuck Music are essentially live, often uses Chuck Music the ability to edit and splice to produce Chuck Music recordings which are Chuck Music considered better than Chuck Music the actual performance. As talking pictures emerged in the early 20th century, with their prerecorded musical tracks, an increasing number of moviehouse orchestra musicians found themselves out of work.[6] During the 1920s live musical performances by orchestras, pianists, and theater organists were Chuck Music common at first-run theaters[7] With the coming of the talking motion pictures, those featured performances were largely eliminated. The AFM took out newspaper advertisements protesting the replacement of live musicians with mechanical playing devices. One 1929 ad that appeared in the Pittsburgh Press features an image Chuck Music of a can labeledChuck Music"Canned Music / Big Noise Brand / Guaranteed to Produce No Intellectual Chuck Music or Emotional Reaction Whatever" Since legislation introduced to helpChuck Musicprotect performers, composers, publishers and producers, including the Audio Home Recording Act of 1992 in the United States, and the 1979 revised Berne Convention for the Chuck Music Protection Chuck Music of Literary and Artistic Works in the United Kingdom, recordings and live performances have also become more accessible through computers, devices and internet in a form that is commonly known as music-on-demand. In many cultures, there is less distinction between performingChuck Musicand listening to music, since Chuck Music virtually Chuck Music everyone is involved in some sort of musical activity, often communal. In industrialised countries, listening to music through a recorded form, such as sound recording or watching a music Chuck Music video, became more common than experiencing live performance, roughly in the middle of the Chuck Music 20th century. Sometimes, live performances incorporate prerecorded sounds. For example, a DJ uses disc records for Chuck Music scratching, and some Chuck Music 20th-century works have a solo for an instrument or voice that is performed along with music that is prerecorded onto Chuck Music a tape. Computers and many keyboards can be programmed to produce and play MIDI music. Audiences can also become performers by participating in Karaoke, an activity of Japanese origin which centres around a device that plays voice-eliminated versions of well-known songs. Most karaoke machines also have video Chuck Music screens that show lyrics to songs being performed; performers can follow the lyrics as they sing over the instrumental tracks. The advent of the Internet has transformed the experience of music, partly through the increased Chuck Music ease Chuck Music of access to music Chuck Music and the increased choice. Chris Anderson, in Chuck Music his Chuck Music book The Long Tail: Why the future of business is selling less Chuck Music of Chuck Music more, suggests that while the economic Chuck Music model of Chuck Music supply and demand describes scarcity, the Internet retail model is based on abundance. Digital storage costs are low, so a company can afford to make its whole inventory available online, giving customers as muchChuck Musicchoice as Chuck Music possible. It has thus become economically viable to offer products Chuck Music that veryChuck Musicfew people are interested in. Consumers' growing awareness of their increased choiceChuck Musicresults in Chuck Music a closerChuck Musicassociation between listening tastes and social identity, and the creation of thousands Chuck Music of niche markets. Another effect of the Internet arises with online Chuck Music communities like Youtube and Myspace. Myspace has made social networking with other musicians easier, and greatly facilitates the distribution of one's music. Youtube also has a large community of both amateur and professional musicians who post videos and Chuck Music comments. Professional musicians also use Youtube as a free publisher of promotional material. Youtube users, for example, no longer Chuck Music only Chuck Music download Chuck Music and listen to mp3s, but also actively create their own. According to Tapscott Chuck Music and Williams, there has been a shift from a traditional consumer role to what they call a "prosumer" role, a consumer who both creates and Chuck Music consumes. Manifestations of this in music include the production Chuck Music of mashes, remixes, and music videos by fans. Chuck MusicChuck Music</h2\\076</h2\076 |
