Film is a term that encompasses individual motion pictures, the field of film as an Disney Movie Quotes art form, and Disney Movie Quotes the Disney Movie Quotes motion Disney Movie Quotes picture industry. Films are produced by recording images from the world with cameras, or Disney Movie Quotes by creating images using animation techniques or special effects.
Films are cultural artifacts created by Disney Movie Quotes specific cultures, which Disney Movie Quotes reflect those cultures, and, in turn, affect them. Film is considered to Disney Movie Quotes be an important art form, a source of popular entertainment and a powerful method for educating � or indoctrinating � citizens. Disney Movie Quotes The visual elements of cinema gives motion pictures a universal power of communication. Some films have become popular worldwide Disney Movie Quotes attractions by using dubbing or subtitles that translate the dialogue.
Traditional films are made up of a series of individual images called frames. When these images are shown rapidly in succession, a viewer has the illusion that motion is occurring. The viewer cannot see the flickering between frames due to an effect known as persistence of vision, whereby the eye retains a
The Disney Movie Quotes origin of the name "film" comes from the fact that photographic film (also called film stock) had historically been the primary medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms exist for Disney Movie Quotes an individual motion picture, including Disney Movie Quotes picture, picture show, photo-play, flick, and most commonly, movie. Additional terms for the Disney Movie Quotes field Disney Movie Quotes in general include the big Disney Movie Quotes screen, the silver screen, the cinema, and the movies.In the 1860s, mechanisms for producing artificially Disney Movie Quotes created, two-dimensional images in motion were demonstrated with Disney Movie Quotes devices such Disney Movie Quotes as the zoetrope and the Disney Movie Quotes praxinoscope. These machines were outgrowths of simple optical devices (such as magic lanterns) and would display sequences of still pictures at sufficient speed for the images on the pictures to appear to be moving, a phenomenon called persistence of vision. Naturally, the images needed to be carefully designed to achieve the desired effect � and Disney Movie Quotes the underlying principle became Disney Movie Quotes the basis for the development of film animation.
A frame from Roundhay Disney Movie Quotes Garden Scene, the Disney Movie Quotes world's earliest Disney Movie Quotes film, by Louis Le Prince, 1888
With the development of celluloid film for still photography, it became possible to directly capture objects in motion in real time. Early versions of the technology sometimes required a person to look into a viewing Disney Movie Quotes machine to see the pictures which Disney Movie Quotes were separate paper prints attached to a drum turned Disney Movie Quotes by a Disney Movie Quotes handcrank. The pictures were shown at a Disney Movie Quotes variable speed of about 5 to 10 pictures per second depending on how rapidly the crank was turned. Some of these machines were coin operated. By the 1880s, the Disney Movie Quotes development of the motion picture camera allowed the individual component images to be captured and stored on a single reel, and led quickly to the development of a motion picture projector to shine light through the processed Disney Movie Quotes and printed film and magnify Disney Movie Quotes these "moving picture shows" onto a screen for an entire audience. These reels, so exhibited, came to be Disney Movie Quotes known as Disney Movie Quotes "motion pictures". Early motion pictures were static shots that showed an event Disney Movie Quotes or action Disney Movie Quotes with no Disney Movie Quotes editing or other cinematic techniques.
Ignoring Dickson's early sound experiments (1894), commercial motion pictures Disney Movie Quotes were purely visual art through the late 19th century, but these innovative silent films had gained a hold Disney Movie Quotes on the public imagination. Around the turn of the twentieth century, films began developing a narrative structure by stringing scenes together to tell narratives. The scenes were later Disney Movie Quotes broken up into multiple shots of varying sizes and angles. Other techniques such as camera movement were realized as effective Disney Movie Quotes ways Disney Movie Quotes to portray a Disney Movie Quotes story on Disney Movie Quotes film. Rather than leave the audience in silence, theater owners Disney Movie Quotes would hire a pianist or organist or a full orchestra to play music fitting the mood of Disney Movie Quotes the film at any given moment. By the early 1920s, most films came with a prepared list of Disney Movie Quotes sheet music for this purpose, with complete film scores being composed for major productions.
A shot from Georges Melies Disney Movie Quotes Le Disney Movie Quotes Voyage dans la Lune (A Trip to the Moon) (1902), an early narrative film.
The rise of European cinema was interrupted by the breakout of World War I while the film industry in United States flourished with the rise of Hollywood. However in the 1920s, European filmmakers such as Sergei Disney Movie Quotes Eisenstein, F. W. Murnau, and Fritz Lang, along with American innovator D. W. Griffith and the contributions of Charles Chaplin, Disney Movie Quotes Buster Disney Movie Quotes Keaton and others, continued to advance the medium. In the 1920s, Disney Movie Quotes new Disney Movie Quotes technology allowed filmmakers to attach to each film a soundtrack of speech, music and sound effects synchronized with the action on the Disney Movie Quotes screen. These sound films were initially distinguished by calling them "talking pictures", or talkies.
The next major step in the development of cinema Disney Movie Quotes was the introduction of Disney Movie Quotes so-called "natural" color. While the addition of Disney Movie Quotes sound quickly eclipsed silent film and theater musicians, color Disney Movie Quotes was adopted more gradually as methods evolved making it more practical and cost effective to produce "natural color" films. The public was relatively indifferent Disney Movie Quotes to color photography as opposed to black-and-white,[citation Disney Movie Quotes needed] but as color processes improved and became as affordable as black-and-white film, more and more movies were filmed in color after the Disney Movie Quotes end of World War II, as the industry in Disney Movie Quotes America Disney Movie Quotes came to view color as essential to attracting audiences in its competition with Disney Movie Quotes television, which remained a black-and-white medium until the mid-1960s. By the Disney Movie Quotes end of the 1960s, col
Since the decline of the Disney Movie Quotes studio system in the 1960s, the succeeding decades saw changes in the Disney Movie Quotes production and style of film. New Hollywood, French New Wave and the rise of film school Disney Movie Quotes educated independent filmmakers were all part of the changes the medium experienced in the latter half of the 20th century. Disney Movie Quotes Digital technology Disney Movie Quotes has been the driving force in change throughout the 1990s and into the 21st century.
Theory
Main Disney Movie Quotes article: Film theory
Film theory seeks to Disney Movie Quotes develop concise and systematic concepts Disney Movie Quotes that apply to the study of film as art. It was started by Ricciotto Canudo's Disney Movie Quotes The Birth of the Sixth Art. Formalist film theory, led by Rudolf Arnheim, Bela Balazs, and Siegfried Kracauer, emphasized how film differed from reality, and thus could be considered a valid fine art. Andre Bazin reacted against this theory by arguing that Disney Movie Quotes film's artistic essence lay in its ability to mechanically reproduce reality not in its differences from reality, Disney Movie Quotes and this gave rise to realist theory. More recent analysis spurred by Lacan's psychoanalysis and Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotics among other things has given rise Disney Movie Quotes to psychoanalytical film theory, structuralist film theory, feminist film theory Disney Movie Quotes and others.
Criticism
Main article: Film criticism
Film criticism is the analysis and evaluation of films. In Disney Movie Quotes general, these Disney Movie Quotes works can be divided into two categories: Disney Movie Quotes academic criticism by film scholars and journalistic film criticism that appears regularly in newspapers Disney Movie Quotes and other Disney Movie Quotes media.
Film critics working for newspapers, magazines, Disney Movie Quotes and broadcast media mainly review new releases. Normally they only see any given film once Disney Movie Quotes and have only a Disney Movie Quotes day or two to formulate opinions. Despite this, critics have an important impact on films, especially those Disney Movie Quotes of certain genres. Mass marketed action, horror, and comedy films tend Disney Movie Quotes not to be Disney Movie Quotes greatly affected by a critic's overall judgment of a film. The plot summary and description of Movie Links a film that makes up the majority of any film review can still have an important impact on whether people decide to see a film. For prestige films such as most dramas, the influence of reviews is extremely important. Poor reviews will often doom a film to obscurity and financial loss.
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The Disney Movie Quotes impact of a reviewer on a given film's box office performance is a matter of debate. Some Disney Movie Quotes claim that movie marketing is now so intense and well financed that reviewers Disney Movie Quotes cannot make an impact against it. However, the cataclysmic failure of some heavily-promoted movies which were harshly reviewed, as well as the unexpected success of critically praised independent movies indicates that extreme critical reactions can have considerable influence. Disney Movie Quotes Others note that positive film reviews have been shown to spark interest in Disney Movie Quotes little-known films. Conversely, there have been several films in Disney Movie Quotes which film companies have Disney Movie Quotes so little confidence that they refuse to give reviewers an advanced viewing to avoid widespread panning of the film. However, this usually backfires as reviewers are wise to the Disney Movie Quotes tactic and warn the public that the Disney Movie Quotes film may not be worth seeing and the films often do poorly as a Disney Movie Quotes result.
It is argued that Disney Movie Quotes journalist film Disney Movie Quotes critics should only be known Disney Movie Quotes as film reviewers, and true film critics are those who Disney Movie Quotes take a more academic approach to films. This line of work is more often known as film theory Disney Movie Quotes or film studies. Disney Movie Quotes These film critics attempt to come to understand how Movie Sounds film and filming techniques work, and what effect they have Disney Movie Quotes on people. Disney Movie Quotes Rather than having their works published in newspapers or appear on television, their articles are published in scholarly journals, or sometimes Disney Movie Quotes in up-market magazines. They also tend to be affiliated with Disney Movie Quotes colleges or universities.
Industry
Main article: Film industry
The making and showing of Disney Movie Quotes motion pictures became a source of profit almost as soon Golden Compass Movie as the process was invented. Upon seeing how successful their new invention, and its product, was in their native France, the Lumieres quickly set about touring the Continent to exhibit the first films privately to royalty and publicly to Disney Movie Quotes the masses. In each country, they Disney Movie Quotes would normally Disney Movie Quotes add new, local scenes to their catalogue and, Disney Movie Quotes quickly enough, found local entrepreneurs in the various countries of Europe to buy their equipment and photograph, export, Disney Movie Quotes import and screen additional product commercially. The Oberammergau Passion Play of 1898[citation needed] was the first commercial motion picture ever produced. Other pictures soon followed, and motion pictures became a separate industry that overshadowed the vaudeville world. Dedicated theaters and companies formed specifically to produce and distribute films, while motion picture actors became major celebrities Disney Movie Quotes and commanded huge fees for their performances. Already by 1917, Charlie Chaplin had a contract that called for an annual salary of one Disney Movie Quotes million dollars.
In the United States today, much of the film industry is centered around Hollywood. Other regional centers exist in many parts of the world, Disney Movie Quotes such as Mumbai-centered Bollywood, the Indian film industry's Disney Movie Quotes Hindi cinema Disney Movie Quotes which produces Disney Movie Quotes the largest number of films in the world.[1] Whether the ten thousand-plus feature length films a year produced by the Valley pornographic film Disney Movie Quotes industry should qualify for this title is the source of some debate.[citation needed] Though Disney Movie Quotes the expense involved in making movies has Across The Universe Movie led Disney Movie Quotes cinema production to concentrate under the auspices of Disney Movie Quotes movie Disney Movie Quotes studios, recent advances in Disney Movie Quotes affordable film making equipment have Disney Movie Quotes allowed independent film productions Disney Movie Quotes to flourish.
Profit is a key force in the industry, due to Disney Movie Quotes the costly and risky nature of filmmaking; many films Halo The Movie have large cost overruns, a notorious example Disney Movie Quotes being Disney Movie Quotes Kevin Costner's Waterworld. Disney Movie Quotes Yet many filmmakers strive to create Disney Movie Quotes works of lasting social significance. The Academy Awards (also known as "the Disney Movie Quotes Oscars") are the most prominent film awards in the United States, providing recognition each year to films, ostensibly based on their artistic merits.
There is also a large industry for educational and instructional films made in lieu Movie Trailer of or in Disney Movie Quotes addition to lectures Disney Movie Quotes and texts.
Preview
A preview performance refers to a showing of a movie to a select audience, usually for the purposes Disney Movie Quotes of corporate promotions, before the public film premiere itself. Previews Disney Movie Quotes are sometimes used to judge audience reaction, which if unexpectedly negative, may Disney Movie Quotes result in recutting or Disney Movie Quotes even refilming certain sections. (cf Audience response.)
Trailer
Main article: Trailer (film)
Trailers or previews are Disney Movie Quotes film advertisements for films Disney Movie Quotes that will be exhibited in the future at a cinema, on Disney Movie Quotes whose screen they are shown. The term "trailer" comes from Disney Movie Quotes their having originally been shown at the end of a film programme. That practice did not last long, because patrons tended to leave the theater Disney Movie Quotes after the films ended, but the name has stuck. Trailers are now Disney Movie Quotes shown before the film (or the A movie in a double feature program) begins.
The nature of the film determines the size and type of crew required during filmmaking. Many Hollywood adventure films need computer generated imagery (CGI), created Disney Movie Quotes by dozens of 3D modellers, animators, rotoscopers and compositors. However, a low-budget, independent film may be Disney Movie Quotes made with a skeleton crew, often paid Disney Movie Quotes very little. Also, an open source film may be produced Disney Movie Quotes through open, collaborative processes. Filmmaking takes Disney Movie Quotes place all over the world using different technologies, styles of acting and genre, and is produced in a variety of economic contexts that range Disney Movie Quotes from state-sponsored documentary in China to profit-oriented movie making within the American studio system.
This production cycle typically takes three years. The first year Disney Movie Quotes is taken Disney Movie Quotes up with development. The second year comprises Disney Movie Quotes preproduction Disney Movie Quotes and production. The third year, post-production and distribution.
Crew
Main article: Film crew
A film crew is a group Disney Movie Quotes of people hired by a film company, employed Disney Movie Quotes during the "production" or "photography" phase, for the purpose of producing a film or motion picture. Crew Disney Movie Quotes are distinguished Disney Movie Quotes from cast, the actors who appear in front of Disney Movie Quotes the camera or Disney Movie Quotes provide voices for characters in the film. The crew interacts with but is also distinct from the production staff, consisting Disney Movie Quotes of producers, managers, company representatives, their assistants, and those whose primary responsibility Disney Movie Quotes falls in pre-production or post-production phases, Disney Movie Quotes such as writers and editors. Communication between production and crew generally passes through the director and his/her staff of assistants. Medium-to-large crews are generally divided into departments with well defined Disney Movie Quotes hierarchies and standards for interaction Disney Movie Quotes and cooperation between the departments. Other Disney Movie Quotes than acting, the crew handles everything in the photography phase: Disney Movie Quotes props and costumes, shooting, sound, electrics (i.e., lights), sets, and production Disney Movie Quotes special effects. Caterers (known in Disney Movie Quotes the Disney Movie Quotes film industry as "craft services") Disney Movie Quotes Nude Movie Stars are usually not considered part of the crew.
Technology
Film stock consists of transparent Disney Movie Quotes celluloid, acetate, or polyester base coated with an emulsion containing light-sensitive chemicals. Cellulose nitrate was the Disney Movie Quotes first type of Disney Movie Quotes film base used to Disney Movie Quotes record motion pictures, but due to Disney Movie Quotes its flammability Disney Movie Quotes was eventually replaced by safer materials. Stock Disney Movie Quotes widths and the film format for images on the reel have had a rich history, though most large Disney Movie Quotes commercial Disney Movie Quotes films Disney Movie Quotes are still Disney Movie Quotes shot on Disney Movie Quotes (and distributed to theaters) as 35 mm prints.
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Originally Disney Movie Quotes moving picture film was shot and projected at various speeds using Disney Movie Quotes hand-cranked cameras and projectors; though 1000 frames per minute (16? frame/s) is generally Disney Movie Quotes cited as a standard silent speed, research indicates most films were shot between 16 frame/s and 23 frame/s and projected Disney Movie Quotes from 18 frame/s on up (often reels Disney Movie Quotes included instructions on how Disney Movie Quotes fast each scene should be shown) [1]. When sound Disney Movie Quotes film was introduced in the late 1920s, a constant speed was required for the Disney Movie Quotes sound head. 24 frames per second was chosen because it was the slowest (and thus cheapest) Disney Movie Quotes speed which allowed for sufficient sound quality. Improvements since the Disney Movie Quotes late 19th century include Disney Movie Quotes the mechanization of cameras � allowing them to record at Disney Movie Quotes a consistent speed, quiet Disney Movie Quotes camera design � allowing sound recorded on-set to be usable without requiring large "blimps" to encase the camera, the invention of more sophisticated filmstocks and lenses, allowing directors to film in increasingly dim Disney Movie Quotes conditions, and the development of synchronized sound, allowing sound to Disney Movie Quotes be Disney Movie Quotes recorded Disney Movie Quotes at exactly the same speed as its corresponding action. The soundtrack can be recorded separately from Disney Movie Quotes shooting the film, Disney Movie Quotes but for live-action pictures many parts of the soundtrack are usually recorded simultaneously.
As a medium, film is not limited to motion Disney Movie Quotes pictures, Disney Movie Quotes since the technology developed as Disney Movie Quotes the basis for photography. It can be used to present a Disney Movie Quotes progressive sequence of still images in the form of a slideshow. Film has also been incorporated into multimedia presentations, and often has importance as primary Disney Movie Quotes historical documentation. However, historic Disney Movie Quotes films have problems in terms Disney Movie Quotes of preservation and storage, and the Disney Movie Quotes motion picture industry is exploring many alternatives. Most movies on cellulose nitrate base have been copied onto modern safety films. Some studios save color films through the use of separation masters � three B&W negatives each exposed through red, green, or blue filters (essentially a reverse of the Technicolor Disney Movie Quotes process). Digital methods have also been used to restore films, although their continued obsolescence cycle makes them (as Disney Movie Quotes of 2006) a poor Disney Movie Quotes choice for long-term preservation. Film preservation of decaying film stock is a matter of concern Disney Movie Quotes to both film historians and archivists, and to Disney Movie Quotes companies interested in preserving their existing products Disney Movie Quotes in order to make them Disney Movie Quotes available to future generations (and thereby increase revenue). Preservation is generally a higher-concern for nitrate and single-strip color films, due to their high decay rates; black and white films on safety bases and color films preserved on Technicolor imbibition prints tend to keep up much better, Disney Movie Quotes assuming proper handling and storage.
Some films Disney Movie Quotes in recent decades have been recorded using analog video technology similar to that used in television production. Modern digital video cameras and digital projectors are gaining ground as well. These Disney Movie Quotes approaches Angus Movie are extremely beneficial to moviemakers, especially because footage can be evaluated and edited without Disney Movie Quotes waiting Disney Movie Quotes for the film stock to be processed. Yet the migration is Disney Movie Quotes gradual, and as of 2005 most Disney Movie Quotes major motion pictures are still recorded on film.
Independent
Main Disney Movie Quotes article: Independent film
The Lumiere Brothers
Independent filmmaking often takes place outside of Disney Movie Quotes Hollywood, or other major studio systems. An Disney Movie Quotes independent film (or indie film) is a film initially produced without financing or distribution from a major movie studio. Creative, business, Disney Movie Quotes and technological reasons Disney Movie Quotes have all contributed to the growth of the indie film scene in the late 20th and early 21st century.
On the Disney Movie Quotes business side, the costs of big-budget studio films also leads to conservative choices in cast and crew. There is a trend in Hollywood towards co-financing (over two-thirds of the films put out by Warner Bros. in 2000 were joint ventures, up Disney Movie Quotes from 10% in 1987).[2] A hopeful director is almost never Disney Movie Quotes given the opportunity to get a job on a Disney Movie Quotes big-budget studio film unless he or she has significant industry experience Disney Movie Quotes in film or television. Disney Movie Quotes Also, the Disney Movie Quotes studios rarely produce films with unknown actors, Disney Movie Quotes particularly in lead roles.
Before the advent of Disney Movie Quotes digital alternatives, the cost of professional film equipment and Disney Movie Quotes stock was also a hurdle to being able to produce, direct, or star in a traditional studio film. The cost Disney Movie Quotes of 35 mm film is outpacing inflation: in 2002 Disney Movie Quotes alone, film negative costs were up 23%, according to Variety.[2].
But the advent of consumer camcorders in 1985, and more importantly, the arrival of high-resolution digital video in Disney Movie Quotes the early 1990s, have lowered the technology barrier to movie production significantly. Both production and post-production costs have been significantly lowered; today, the hardware and software for post-production can Disney Movie Quotes be installed in a commodity-based Disney Movie Quotes personal computer. Technologies such as DVDs, FireWire connections and non-linear editing system pro-level software like Adobe Premiere Pro, Sony Vegas and Apple's Final Disney Movie Quotes Cut Pro, and Disney Movie Quotes consumer level Disney Movie Quotes software such as Disney Movie Quotes Apple's Final Cut Express and iMovie make movie-making relatively inexpensive.
Since the introduction of DV technology, the means of production have become more democratized. Filmmakers Disney Movie Quotes can conceivably shoot and edit a movie, create and edit Disney Movie Quotes the sound and music, and mix the final Disney Movie Quotes cut on a home computer. However, Disney Movie Quotes while the means of production may be democratized, financing, distribution, and marketing remain difficult to accomplish outside the Disney Movie Quotes traditional system. Most independent filmmakers rely on film festivals to get their films noticed and sold for distribution. The arrival of internet-based video outlets such as YouTube and Veoh has further changed the Disney Movie Quotes film making landscape in ways that are Disney Movie Quotes still to be determined.
Open content film
Main article: Disney Movie Quotes Open Disney Movie Quotes content film
An open content film is much Disney Movie Quotes like an independent film, but it is produced through open Disney Movie Quotes collaborations; its source material is available under a license which is permissive Disney Movie Quotes enough to allow other parties to create fan fiction or derivative works, than a Disney Movie Quotes traditional copyright. Like independent filmmaking, open source filmmaking takes place outside of Hollywood, or other major studio systems.
Fan film
Main article: Fan film
A fan film is a film or video inspired by a film, television program, comic book or a similar source, created by fans rather Disney Movie Quotes than by the source's copyright holders or creators. Fan filmmakers Disney Movie Quotes have traditionally been amateurs, but some of the more Disney Movie Quotes notable films have actually been produced by professional filmmakers as Disney Movie Quotes film school class projects or as demonstration reels. Disney Movie Quotes Fan films vary tremendously in length, from short faux-teaser trailers for non-existent motion Disney Movie Quotes pictures Disney Movie Quotes to rarer full-length motion pictures
Animation is the technique in which each frame Disney Movie Quotes of Disney Movie Quotes a film is produced individually, whether generated as a Disney Movie Quotes computer graphic, or by Disney Movie Quotes photographing a drawn Disney Movie Quotes image, or by repeatedly making Disney Movie Quotes small changes to a model unit (see claymation and stop motion), and then Disney Movie Quotes photographing the result with a special animation camera. When the frames are strung together and the resulting Disney Movie Quotes film is viewed at a speed of 16 or more frames per second, there is an illusion of continuous movement (due to the persistence of Disney Movie Quotes vision). Generating such a film is very labour intensive and tedious, though the development of computer animation has greatly sped up the process.
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File formats like GIF, Disney Movie Quotes QuickTime, Shockwave and Disney Movie Quotes Flash allow animation to be Disney Movie Quotes viewed on a computer or over the Internet.
Because animation is very time-consuming Disney Movie Quotes and often very expensive to produce, the majority of animation for TV and movies comes from professional animation studios. However, Disney Movie Quotes the field of independent animation has existed at least since the 1950s, Disney Movie Quotes with animation being produced by independent studios (and sometimes by a single person). Several independent animation producers have gone on to enter the professional animation industry.
Limited animation is a way of increasing Disney Movie Quotes production and decreasing costs of animation Disney Movie Quotes by using "short cuts" in the animation Disney Movie Quotes process. This method was pioneered by UPA and popularized by Disney Movie Quotes Hanna-Barbera, and adapted by other studios as cartoons moved from movie Disney Movie Quotes theaters to television.[3]
Although most animation studios are now Disney Movie Quotes using digital technologies in their productions, there is a specific style of animation that depends Disney Movie Quotes on film. Cameraless animation, Disney Movie Quotes made famous by moviemakers like Norman McLaren, Len Lye and Disney Movie Quotes Stan Brakhage, is painted and drawn directly onto pieces of film, and then run through a projector.
Venues
When it is Disney Movie Quotes initially produced, a feature film is often shown to Disney Movie Quotes audiences in a movie theater or cinema. The first theater designed exclusively for cinema opened in Disney Movie Quotes Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1905.[4] Thousands of such theaters were built or converted from existing facilities within a few years.[5] In Disney Movie Quotes the United States, these theaters came to Disney Movie Quotes be Disney Movie Quotes known as nickelodeons, Disney Movie Quotes because admission typically cost a nickel (five cents).
Typically, one film is the featured presentation (or feature film). Before the 1970s, there were "double features"; typically, a high quality "A Disney Movie Quotes picture" rented by an independent theater for a lump sum, and a "B picture" of lower quality rented for a percentage of the gross receipts. Today, the bulk of the material shown before the feature film consists Disney Movie Quotes of previews for upcoming movies and paid advertisements (also known as trailers or "The Twenty").
Historically, all mass marketed feature Disney Movie Quotes films were made to be Disney Movie Quotes shown in movie theaters. Disney Movie Quotes The development of television has Disney Movie Quotes allowed films to be broadcast Disney Movie Quotes to larger audiences, usually after the film is Disney Movie Quotes no longer being shown in theaters. Disney Movie Quotes Recording technology has Disney Movie Quotes also enabled Movie Data Base consumers to rent or buy copies of films on VHS or DVD (and the older formats of laserdisc, VCD and SelectaVision Disney Movie Quotes � see also videodisc), and Internet downloads may be available and have started to become revenue sources for the film companies. Some films are now made specifically for these other venues, being released as made-for-TV movies or direct-to-video movies. The production values on these films are often considered to be of Disney Movie Quotes inferior quality compared to theatrical releases in similar genres, and indeed, Disney Movie Quotes some Disney Movie Quotes films that are rejected by their own studios upon completion are distributed through these markets.
The Disney Movie Quotes movie theater pays an average of about 50-55% of its ticket sales to the movie studio, as film rental fees.[6] The actual percentage starts with a number Movie Time higher Disney Movie Quotes than that, and decreases Disney Movie Quotes as the duration of Disney Movie Quotes a film's showing continues, as an incentive to theaters to keep movies in the theater longer. However, today's barrage of highly marketed movies ensures that most movies are shown in first-run theaters for Disney Movie Quotes less than 8 weeks. There are a few movies every year that Disney Movie Quotes defy this rule, often limited-release movies that start in only a few theaters and actually grow their theater count through good word-of-mouth and reviews. According to a 2000 study by ABN AMRO, about 26% of Hollywood movie studios' worldwide Disney Movie Quotes income Disney Movie Quotes came from box office ticket sales; 46% Disney Movie Quotes came from VHS and DVD sales to consumers; and 28% came Disney Movie Quotes from television (broadcast, cable, and pay-per-view).[6]
Future state
While motion picture films have been around for more than Disney Movie Quotes a century, film is still a relative newcomer in the pantheon of fine arts. In the 1950s, when television Disney Movie Quotes became Disney Movie Quotes widely available, industry analysts predicted the demise of local movie theaters. Despite competition from television's increasing technological sophistication over the 1960s and 1970s, such as the development of color television and large screens, motion picture cinemas Disney Movie Quotes continued. In the 1980s, when Disney Movie Quotes the widespread availability of inexpensive videocassette recorders enabled people to select films for home viewing, industry analysts again wrongly predicted the death of the local Kamasutra Movie cinemas.
In the 1990s and 2000s the development of digital DVD players, home theater amplification systems with surround sound and subwoofers, and large LCD or plasma screens Disney Movie Quotes enabled people to select and view films at home with greatly improved audio and visual reproduction. These new technologies provided audio and visual that Disney Movie Quotes in the past only local cinemas had been able to provide: a large, clear widescreen presentation of a film with a full-range, high-quality multi-speaker sound system. Once again industry Disney Movie Quotes analysts Disney Movie Quotes predicted the demise of the local cinema. Local cinemas will be changing Disney Movie Quotes in the 2000s and Disney Movie Quotes moving towards digital screens, a new approach which will allow for easier and quicker distribution Disney Movie Quotes of Disney Movie Quotes films (via satellite or Disney Movie Quotes hard Disney Movie Quotes disks), a development which may give local theaters a Disney Movie Quotes reprieve from their predicted demise.
The cinema now faces a new challenge from home video by the likes of a new Disney Movie Quotes DVD format Blu-ray, which can Disney Movie Quotes provide full HD 1080p video playback at near cinema quality. Video formats are gradually catching up with the resolutions and quality that film offers, 1080p in Blu-ray offers a Disney Movie Quotes pixel resolution of 1920?1080 a leap from the DVD offering of 720?480 and the paltry Disney Movie Quotes 330?480 offered by the first home video standard VHS. Disney Movie Quotes The maximum resolutions that film currently offers are 2485?2970 Disney Movie Quotes or 1420?3390, UHD, Disney Movie Quotes a future digital video format, will offer a massive resolution of 7680?4320, surpassing all current film resolutions. The only viable competitor to these new innovations is IMAX which can play film content at Disney Movie Quotes an extreme 10000?7000 resolution.
Despite the rise of all new technologies, the development of the home video market and a Disney Movie Quotes surge of Disney Movie Quotes online piracy, 2007 was Disney Movie Quotes a record year in film that showed the highest ever box-office grosses. Many Disney Movie Quotes expected film to suffer as a Disney Movie Quotes result of the effects listed above Disney Movie Quotes but Disney Movie Quotes it has flourished, strengthening Disney Movie Quotes film studio expectations for the future. |
