Film is a term that encompasses individual motion pictures, the field of film as an art form, and the motion picture industry. Films are produced by recording images from the world with cameras, or by creating images using animation techniques or special effects.
Films White Christmas Original Movie Poster are cultural artifacts created by specific cultures, which reflect White Christmas Original Movie Poster those cultures, and, in turn, White Christmas Original Movie Poster affect them. Film is considered to be an White Christmas Original Movie Poster important art form, a source of popular entertainment and a powerful method for educating � or indoctrinating � citizens. White Christmas Original Movie Poster The White Christmas Original Movie Poster visual elements White Christmas Original Movie Poster of cinema gives motion pictures a universal power of communication. Some films have become White Christmas Original Movie Poster popular worldwide attractions by using dubbing or subtitles that translate the dialogue.
Traditional films are made up White Christmas Original Movie Poster of a series of individual images called frames. When these images are shown rapidly in succession, a viewer has the illusion that White Christmas Original Movie Poster motion is occurring. The viewer cannot see White Christmas Original Movie Poster the flickering between frames due White Christmas Original Movie Poster to an effect known as persistence of White Christmas Original Movie Poster vision, whereby the eye retains a
The origin of the name "film" comes from the fact that photographic film (also called film stock) White Christmas Original Movie Poster had historically been the primary medium for recording and displaying White Christmas Original Movie Poster motion White Christmas Original Movie Poster pictures. Many other terms exist for an individual motion picture, including picture, picture show, photo-play, flick, and most commonly, movie. Additional terms for the field in general include the big screen, the silver White Christmas Original Movie Poster screen, the cinema, and the movies.In the 1860s, mechanisms for White Christmas Original Movie Poster producing artificially created, two-dimensional images in motion were demonstrated White Christmas Original Movie Poster with devices such as White Christmas Original Movie Poster the zoetrope and the praxinoscope. These machines were outgrowths of simple optical devices (such as magic lanterns) and would display sequences White Christmas Original Movie Poster of still pictures at sufficient speed for the images White Christmas Original Movie Poster on the pictures to White Christmas Original Movie Poster appear to be moving, a phenomenon called persistence of vision. Naturally, the images needed White Christmas Original Movie Poster to be carefully designed to achieve the desired effect � and the underlying principle became the basis for the development of film animation.
A frame from Roundhay Garden Scene, the world's earliest film, by Louis Le White Christmas Original Movie Poster Prince, 1888
With the development of celluloid film for still photography, it became possible to directly capture objects White Christmas Original Movie Poster in motion in real time. Early White Christmas Original Movie Poster versions of the technology sometimes required a person to look into a viewing machine White Christmas Original Movie Poster to see the pictures which were separate paper prints attached to a drum turned by a handcrank. The pictures were White Christmas Original Movie Poster shown at a White Christmas Original Movie Poster variable White Christmas Original Movie Poster speed of about 5 to 10 pictures per second depending on how rapidly the crank was turned. Some White Christmas Original Movie Poster of these machines were coin operated. By the 1880s, the development of the White Christmas Original Movie Poster motion picture camera allowed the individual component images to White Christmas Original Movie Poster be captured White Christmas Original Movie Poster and stored on a single reel, and led quickly to the development of a motion picture projector to White Christmas Original Movie Poster shine light through the processed and printed film and magnify these "moving White Christmas Original Movie Poster picture shows" White Christmas Original Movie Poster onto a screen for White Christmas Original Movie Poster an entire audience. These reels, so exhibited, came to be known as "motion White Christmas Original Movie Poster pictures". Early motion pictures were static shots that showed White Christmas Original Movie Poster an White Christmas Original Movie Poster event White Christmas Original Movie Poster or White Christmas Original Movie Poster action with White Christmas Original Movie Poster no editing or other cinematic techniques.
Ignoring Dickson's early sound experiments (1894), commercial motion pictures were purely visual art through the late 19th century, but these innovative silent films White Christmas Original Movie Poster had gained a hold on White Christmas Original Movie Poster the public imagination. Around the turn White Christmas Original Movie Poster of the twentieth century, films began developing a narrative structure by stringing scenes together to tell narratives. The scenes were later broken up into multiple shots of varying sizes and angles. Other techniques such as White Christmas Original Movie Poster camera movement were realized as effective ways to portray a story on film. Rather than leave the audience in silence, theater owners would hire a pianist or organist or a full orchestra to play music fitting the mood of the film at any given moment. By the early 1920s, most films came with a prepared list White Christmas Original Movie Poster of sheet music for this purpose, with complete film White Christmas Original Movie Poster scores being composed for major productions.
A White Christmas Original Movie Poster shot from Georges Melies Le Voyage dans la Lune (A Trip to the Moon) (1902), an early narrative film.
The rise of European White Christmas Original Movie Poster cinema was interrupted White Christmas Original Movie Poster by the breakout of World White Christmas Original Movie Poster War I while the film industry in United States flourished with the rise of Hollywood. However in the 1920s, European filmmakers such as Sergei Eisenstein, White Christmas Original Movie Poster F. W. Murnau, White Christmas Original Movie Poster and Fritz Lang, along White Christmas Original Movie Poster with American innovator D. W. Griffith and the White Christmas Original Movie Poster contributions of Charles Chaplin, Buster Keaton and others, continued to advance the medium. In the 1920s, new technology White Christmas Original Movie Poster allowed filmmakers to attach to each film a soundtrack of speech, music and sound effects synchronized with the action on the screen. These sound films were initially distinguished by calling them "talking pictures", or talkies.
The next major step in the White Christmas Original Movie Poster development of cinema was the introduction of so-called "natural" color. White Christmas Original Movie Poster While the addition of sound White Christmas Original Movie Poster quickly eclipsed Fx Movie Splitter silent film and theater musicians, color was adopted more gradually as methods evolved making it more practical and cost effective to produce "natural color" films. The public was relatively indifferent White Christmas Original Movie Poster to color photography as opposed to black-and-white,[citation needed] White Christmas Original Movie Poster but as color processes improved and became as affordable as black-and-white White Christmas Original Movie Poster film, more and more movies were filmed in color after the end of World War II, as the industry in America came to view color White Christmas Original Movie Poster as essential to attracting audiences in its competition White Christmas Original Movie Poster with television, which remained a black-and-white medium until the mid-1960s. By the end of the 1960s, col
Since White Christmas Original Movie Poster the decline of the studio system in the 1960s, the succeeding decades saw changes White Christmas Original Movie Poster in the production and style of film. New Hollywood, French New Wave and the rise of film school educated independent filmmakers were all White Christmas Original Movie Poster part of the changes the medium experienced in the latter half of the 20th century. Digital technology has been the White Christmas Original Movie Poster driving force in change throughout the 1990s and into the 21st century.
Theory
Main article: Film theory
Film White Christmas Original Movie Poster theory seeks to develop concise and systematic concepts that apply to the study of film as art. It was started by White Christmas Original Movie Poster Ricciotto Canudo's The Birth of the Sixth Art. Formalist film theory, led by Rudolf Arnheim, Bela Balazs, and Siegfried Kracauer, emphasized how film differed from reality, and thus could be considered a White Christmas Original Movie Poster valid fine art. Andre Bazin reacted White Christmas Original Movie Poster against this theory by arguing that film's artistic essence lay in its White Christmas Original Movie Poster ability to mechanically reproduce reality not in its differences from reality, and this gave rise to realist theory. White Christmas Original Movie Poster More recent analysis spurred White Christmas Original Movie Poster by Lacan's White Christmas Original Movie Poster psychoanalysis and White Christmas Original Movie Poster Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotics among White Christmas Original Movie Poster other things has given rise to psychoanalytical film theory, structuralist film theory, feminist film theory and others.
Criticism
Main article: Film criticism
Film criticism is the analysis and evaluation of White Christmas Original Movie Poster films. In general, these works can be divided into two White Christmas Original Movie Poster categories: academic criticism by film scholars and journalistic film criticism that appears regularly in newspapers and other media.
Film critics working for newspapers, magazines, and broadcast media mainly review new releases. Normally they only see any given film once and have only a day or two to formulate opinions. White Christmas Original Movie Poster Despite this, critics have an important impact on films, especially those of White Christmas Original Movie Poster certain genres. Mass marketed action, horror, and comedy White Christmas Original Movie Poster films tend not to be greatly affected by a critic's overall judgment of a film. The plot summary and description of a film that White Christmas Original Movie Poster makes up the majority of any film review can White Christmas Original Movie Poster still have an important impact on whether people decide to White Christmas Original Movie Poster see a film. For prestige White Christmas Original Movie Poster films such as most dramas, the influence of reviews is extremely important. Poor reviews will often doom a film to obscurity and financial loss.
The impact of a reviewer on a White Christmas Original Movie Poster given film's box office performance is a matter of debate. Some claim that movie marketing is White Christmas Original Movie Poster now so intense and well financed that reviewers White Christmas Original Movie Poster cannot make an impact against it. White Christmas Original Movie Poster However, the cataclysmic failure of some heavily-promoted movies which were harshly reviewed, as well as the unexpected success of critically White Christmas Original Movie Poster praised independent movies indicates that White Christmas Original Movie Poster extreme critical reactions can White Christmas Original Movie Poster have considerable influence. Others note that positive White Christmas Original Movie Poster film reviews White Christmas Original Movie Poster have been shown to spark interest in little-known films. Conversely, White Christmas Original Movie Poster there have been White Christmas Original Movie Poster several films in White Christmas Original Movie Poster which film companies have so little confidence that they refuse to White Christmas Original Movie Poster give reviewers an advanced viewing to avoid widespread panning of the film. However, this usually backfires as reviewers are wise to the tactic and warn the public that the film may not be worth seeing and the films often do White Christmas Original Movie Poster poorly as a result.
It White Christmas Original Movie Poster is argued that journalist film critics should only be White Christmas Original Movie Poster known as White Christmas Original Movie Poster film reviewers, and true film critics are those who take a more academic approach to films. This line of White Christmas Original Movie Poster work is more often known as film theory or White Christmas Original Movie Poster film studies. These film critics attempt to come to understand how film and filming techniques work, and what effect they have White Christmas Original Movie Poster on people. Rather than having their works published in newspapers or appear on television, their articles are published in scholarly journals, or sometimes White Christmas Original Movie Poster in up-market magazines. They White Christmas Original Movie Poster also tend to be affiliated with White Christmas Original Movie Poster colleges or White Christmas Original Movie Poster universities.
Industry
Main article: Film industry
The making and showing of motion White Christmas Original Movie Poster pictures became a source of profit almost as soon as the process was White Christmas Original Movie Poster invented. Upon seeing how successful their new invention, White Christmas Original Movie Poster and its White Christmas Original Movie Poster product, was in their native France, the Lumieres quickly set about touring the White Christmas Original Movie Poster Continent to exhibit the White Christmas Original Movie Poster first films privately to royalty and publicly to the masses. In White Christmas Original Movie Poster each country, they would normally add new, local scenes to their catalogue and, quickly enough, found local entrepreneurs in the various countries of Europe to buy White Christmas Original Movie Poster their equipment and photograph, export, import and screen additional product commercially. Movie Rotary Aircraft Engine The Oberammergau Passion Play of White Christmas Original Movie Poster 1898[citation needed] was the first commercial motion picture ever produced. Other pictures soon followed, and motion pictures became a separate industry that overshadowed the vaudeville White Christmas Original Movie Poster world. Dedicated theaters and companies formed specifically to produce and distribute films, while motion picture actors became major celebrities White Christmas Original Movie Poster and commanded huge fees for their performances. Already by 1917, Charlie Chaplin had a contract that called for an annual White Christmas Original Movie Poster salary of one million dollars.
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In the United States today, White Christmas Original Movie Poster much of the film industry White Christmas Original Movie Poster is centered around Hollywood. Other regional centers exist in many parts of the White Christmas Original Movie Poster world, such White Christmas Original Movie Poster as Mumbai-centered Bollywood, the Indian film industry's Hindi cinema which produces the largest number of White Christmas Original Movie Poster films in the world.[1] Whether the ten thousand-plus feature length films a year produced by the Valley pornographic film industry should qualify for this title is the source of some debate.[citation needed] Though the expense involved in making movies has led cinema production to White Christmas Original Movie Poster concentrate White Christmas Original Movie Poster under the auspices White Christmas Original Movie Poster of White Christmas Original Movie Poster movie White Christmas Original Movie Poster studios, recent advances White Christmas Original Movie Poster in affordable film White Christmas Original Movie Poster making equipment have allowed White Christmas Original Movie Poster independent film productions to flourish.
Profit is a key force in the industry, due to the costly and risky nature of filmmaking; many films have large cost overruns, a notorious example being Kevin Costner's Waterworld. Yet many filmmakers strive to create works of White Christmas Original Movie Poster lasting social significance. The Academy Awards (also known as "the Oscars") are the most prominent film awards in White Christmas Original Movie Poster the United States, providing recognition each year to films, ostensibly based on their artistic merits.
There is White Christmas Original Movie Poster also a large industry for educational and instructional films made in lieu of or in addition White Christmas Original Movie Poster to lectures and texts.
Preview
A preview performance refers White Christmas Original Movie Poster to a showing of a movie to White Christmas Original Movie Poster a select audience, usually White Christmas Original Movie Poster for the purposes of corporate promotions, before the public film premiere itself. Previews are sometimes used to White Christmas Original Movie Poster judge audience reaction, which if White Christmas Original Movie Poster unexpectedly negative, White Christmas Original Movie Poster may result in recutting or even refilming certain sections. (cf Audience White Christmas Original Movie Poster response.)
Trailer
Main article: Trailer (film)
Trailers or previews are film advertisements for films that will be exhibited in the future at a cinema, White Christmas Original Movie Poster on whose screen they are shown. The term "trailer" comes from their having originally been shown at the end of a film programme. That White Christmas Original Movie Poster practice White Christmas Original Movie Poster did not last long, because patrons tended to leave the theater after the films ended, but the name has stuck. Trailers are now shown before the film White Christmas Original Movie Poster (or the A movie in a double feature White Christmas Original Movie Poster program) begins.
The nature of the film determines the size and type of crew required during filmmaking. White Christmas Original Movie Poster Many Hollywood adventure films need computer generated White Christmas Original Movie Poster imagery (CGI), created by dozens White Christmas Original Movie Poster of 3D modellers, White Christmas Original Movie Poster animators, rotoscopers and compositors. However, a low-budget, independent film may be made with a skeleton crew, often White Christmas Original Movie Poster paid very little. Also, an open source film may be produced through open, collaborative processes. Filmmaking takes place White Christmas Original Movie Poster all over the world using White Christmas Original Movie Poster different White Christmas Original Movie Poster technologies, styles of acting and genre, and is produced in a variety of economic contexts that range from White Christmas Original Movie Poster state-sponsored documentary in China to profit-oriented movie making within the American studio system.
This production cycle typically takes three years. The first year is taken up with White Christmas Original Movie Poster development. The second year comprises White Christmas Original Movie Poster preproduction and production. The White Christmas Original Movie Poster third year, White Christmas Original Movie Poster post-production and distribution.
Crew
Main article: Film crew
A film crew White Christmas Original Movie Poster is a group of people hired by a film company, employed during the "production" or "photography" phase, for the purpose of producing a film or motion picture. Crew are distinguished from cast, the actors who appear in front of the camera White Christmas Original Movie Poster or provide voices for characters in the film. The crew interacts White Christmas Original Movie Poster with but is also distinct from the production staff, consisting of producers, managers, company representatives, White Christmas Original Movie Poster their assistants, and those whose White Christmas Original Movie Poster primary responsibility falls in pre-production or White Christmas Original Movie Poster post-production phases, such as writers and editors. Communication White Christmas Original Movie Poster between production and crew generally passes through the director and his/her staff of assistants. Medium-to-large crews are generally divided into departments with well defined hierarchies and standards for interaction and White Christmas Original Movie Poster cooperation between the departments. Other than acting, the crew handles everything in the photography phase: props and costumes, shooting, sound, electrics (i.e., White Christmas Original Movie Poster lights), sets, and production special effects. Caterers (known in the film industry as "craft services") are usually not considered part of the crew.
Technology
Film stock consists of transparent celluloid, acetate, or polyester base coated with an emulsion containing light-sensitive chemicals. Cellulose White Christmas Original Movie Poster nitrate was the first type of film base used White Christmas Original Movie Poster to record motion White Christmas Original Movie Poster pictures, but due to its flammability was eventually replaced by safer White Christmas Original Movie Poster materials. Stock widths and White Christmas Original Movie Poster the film format for images on the reel have had a rich history, though White Christmas Original Movie Poster most large commercial films are still shot on (and distributed to theaters) as 35 White Christmas Original Movie Poster mm prints.
Originally moving picture film was shot and projected at White Christmas Original Movie Poster various speeds White Christmas Original Movie Poster using hand-cranked cameras and projectors; though 1000 frames per White Christmas Original Movie Poster minute (16? frame/s) is generally cited as a standard silent speed, research indicates most films were shot between 16 White Christmas Original Movie Poster frame/s and 23 frame/s and projected from 18 frame/s on up (often reels included instructions on how fast each scene should be shown) [1]. When sound film was introduced in the late White Christmas Original Movie Poster 1920s, a constant speed was required for the sound head. 24 frames per second was chosen because it was the slowest White Christmas Original Movie Poster (and thus cheapest) speed which allowed for sufficient sound quality. Improvements since the late White Christmas Original Movie Poster 19th century include the mechanization of cameras � allowing them to record at a consistent speed, quiet camera design � allowing sound recorded on-set to be usable without requiring large "blimps" White Christmas Original Movie Poster to encase the camera, the invention of more White Christmas Original Movie Poster sophisticated filmstocks and lenses, allowing directors to film in increasingly dim conditions, and the development of synchronized sound, allowing sound to be White Christmas Original Movie Poster recorded at exactly the White Christmas Original Movie Poster same speed as White Christmas Original Movie Poster its corresponding action. The Marquee Movie Schedule Utica Ny soundtrack can be recorded separately White Christmas Original Movie Poster from White Christmas Original Movie Poster shooting the film, but White Christmas Original Movie Poster for live-action pictures many parts of the soundtrack are usually recorded simultaneously.
As a medium, film is not limited to motion pictures, since the technology developed as the basis for photography. It can be White Christmas Original Movie Poster used to present a progressive sequence of still images in the form of a slideshow. Film has also been incorporated into multimedia presentations, and White Christmas Original Movie Poster often White Christmas Original Movie Poster has importance as primary historical documentation. However, historic films have problems in terms of preservation and White Christmas Original Movie Poster storage, and the motion picture industry is exploring many alternatives. Most movies on White Christmas Original Movie Poster cellulose nitrate base have been copied onto modern safety films. Some studios save White Christmas Original Movie Poster color films through White Christmas Original Movie Poster the use of separation masters � three B&W negatives each White Christmas Original Movie Poster exposed through red, green, or blue filters (essentially a reverse of the Technicolor process). Digital White Christmas Original Movie Poster methods have White Christmas Original Movie Poster also White Christmas Original Movie Poster been used to restore White Christmas Original Movie Poster films, White Christmas Original Movie Poster although their continued White Christmas Original Movie Poster obsolescence cycle makes them (as of 2006) a poor choice for long-term preservation. Film preservation of decaying film stock is a matter of concern to both film historians and archivists, and to companies interested in White Christmas Original Movie Poster preserving their existing products in order to make them available to future generations (and thereby increase revenue). Preservation is generally a higher-concern for nitrate and single-strip color films, due to their high decay rates; black and white films on safety bases and color White Christmas Original Movie Poster films preserved on Technicolor Japanese Free Adult Movie imbibition prints tend to keep up much White Christmas Original Movie Poster better, assuming proper handling and storage.
Some films in recent decades have been recorded using analog video technology similar to that White Christmas Original Movie Poster used in television White Christmas Original Movie Poster production. White Christmas Original Movie Poster Modern digital video cameras and digital projectors White Christmas Original Movie Poster are gaining ground as well. These approaches are extremely beneficial to moviemakers, especially because footage can be evaluated and edited without waiting for the film stock to be processed. Yet the migration is gradual, and as of 2005 most major motion pictures are still recorded on film.
Independent
Main article: Independent film
The White Christmas Original Movie Poster Lumiere White Christmas Original Movie Poster Brothers
Independent filmmaking often takes place outside White Christmas Original Movie Poster of Hollywood, or other major studio systems. An independent film (or indie film) is a film initially produced without financing or distribution from a major movie studio. Creative, business, and technological reasons have White Christmas Original Movie Poster all contributed to White Christmas Original Movie Poster the growth of the indie film scene White Christmas Original Movie Poster in the late 20th and early 21st century.
On the business side, the costs of big-budget studio films also leads to conservative Free Movie Downloads Feeds choices in cast and crew. There is a trend in Hollywood towards co-financing (over two-thirds of the films put White Christmas Original Movie Poster out by Warner Bros. in 2000 were joint ventures, up from 10% in 1987).[2] A hopeful director is almost never given the opportunity to get a job on a big-budget studio film unless he or she has White Christmas Original Movie Poster significant industry experience in film or television. Also, the studios rarely produce White Christmas Original Movie Poster films with unknown actors, particularly in lead roles.
Before the advent of digital White Christmas Original Movie Poster alternatives, the cost White Christmas Original Movie Poster of White Christmas Original Movie Poster professional film equipment and stock was also a White Christmas Original Movie Poster hurdle to being able to produce, direct, or star in a traditional studio film. The cost of Movie Theatres Victorville Ca 35 mm film is outpacing inflation: in 2002 alone, film negative costs were White Christmas Original Movie Poster up 23%, according to Variety.[2].
But the advent of consumer camcorders in 1985, and more importantly, the White Christmas Original Movie Poster arrival of high-resolution digital video in the White Christmas Original Movie Poster early 1990s, have lowered the technology barrier to movie production significantly. Both White Christmas Original Movie Poster production and post-production costs have been White Christmas Original Movie Poster significantly lowered; today, the hardware and software for post-production can be installed in a commodity-based personal White Christmas Original Movie Poster computer. Technologies such as DVDs, FireWire White Christmas Original Movie Poster connections and non-linear editing White Christmas Original Movie Poster system White Christmas Original Movie Poster pro-level software like Adobe Premiere Pro, Sony Vegas and Apple's Final White Christmas Original Movie Poster Cut Pro, and consumer level software such as Apple's Final Cut Express and iMovie make movie-making relatively inexpensive.
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Since the introduction of DV technology, the means of production have become White Christmas Original Movie Poster more democratized. Filmmakers can conceivably shoot and White Christmas Original Movie Poster edit a movie, create and edit the White Christmas Original Movie Poster sound and White Christmas Original Movie Poster music, White Christmas Original Movie Poster and mix the final cut on a home computer. However, while the means of production may be democratized, financing, distribution, and marketing remain difficult to accomplish outside the traditional system. Most independent filmmakers rely on film festivals White Christmas Original Movie Poster to get their films noticed and White Christmas Original Movie Poster sold for White Christmas Original Movie Poster distribution. The arrival of internet-based video outlets such as YouTube and Veoh has further changed Movie This Christmas Chris Brown the film making landscape in ways that are still to White Christmas Original Movie Poster be determined.
Open content film
Main White Christmas Original Movie Poster article: Open content film
An open content film is much like an independent White Christmas Original Movie Poster film, but it is produced through open collaborations; its source material is available under a license which is permissive enough to allow other parties to create fan fiction White Christmas Original Movie Poster or derivative works, than a traditional White Christmas Original Movie Poster copyright. Like independent filmmaking, open White Christmas Original Movie Poster source filmmaking takes place outside of Hollywood, or White Christmas Original Movie Poster other major studio systems.
Fan White Christmas Original Movie Poster film
Main article: Fan film
A fan film is a film or video inspired by a film, television program, comic book or a White Christmas Original Movie Poster similar source, created by fans rather than White Christmas Original Movie Poster by the source's White Christmas Original Movie Poster copyright holders or creators. Fan filmmakers have traditionally been amateurs, but some of the more notable films White Christmas Original Movie Poster have actually been produced by professional filmmakers as film school class projects or as demonstration reels. Fan films vary White Christmas Original Movie Poster tremendously in length, from short faux-teaser trailers for non-existent motion pictures to White Christmas Original Movie Poster rarer full-length motion pictures
Animation is the technique in White Christmas Original Movie Poster which each frame of a film is White Christmas Original Movie Poster produced individually, whether generated as a White Christmas Original Movie Poster computer graphic, or by White Christmas Original Movie Poster photographing a drawn image, or by White Christmas Original Movie Poster repeatedly making small changes to a model unit (see claymation and White Christmas Original Movie Poster stop motion), and then photographing the White Christmas Original Movie Poster result with a special animation camera. When the frames are strung together and the resulting film is viewed at a speed of 16 or more frames per second, there is an illusion of White Christmas Original Movie Poster continuous movement (due to White Christmas Original Movie Poster the persistence White Christmas Original Movie Poster of White Christmas Original Movie Poster vision). Generating such a White Christmas Original Movie Poster film is very labour intensive and White Christmas Original Movie Poster tedious, though the development of computer animation White Christmas Original Movie Poster has White Christmas Original Movie Poster greatly sped up the process.
File White Christmas Original Movie Poster formats like GIF, QuickTime, White Christmas Original Movie Poster Shockwave and Flash White Christmas Original Movie Poster allow animation to be viewed on a computer or over the Internet.
Because animation is very White Christmas Original Movie Poster time-consuming and often very expensive to produce, the majority of animation for TV and White Christmas Original Movie Poster movies comes White Christmas Original Movie Poster from professional animation studios. However, the White Christmas Original Movie Poster field of independent animation White Christmas Original Movie Poster has existed at least since the 1950s, with White Christmas Original Movie Poster animation being produced by White Christmas Original Movie Poster independent White Christmas Original Movie Poster studios (and sometimes by a single person). Several White Christmas Original Movie Poster independent animation producers have gone on to enter the professional White Christmas Original Movie Poster animation industry.
Limited animation is a way of increasing production and decreasing costs of animation by using "short cuts" in the animation process. This method was pioneered by UPA and popularized by Hanna-Barbera, and adapted by other studios as cartoons moved from movie theaters to television.[3]
Although most animation studios are White Christmas Original Movie Poster now White Christmas Original Movie Poster using digital technologies in White Christmas Original Movie Poster their productions, there is a specific style of animation that depends on film. Cameraless Movie Beneath animation, made White Christmas Original Movie Poster famous by moviemakers like Norman McLaren, Len Lye and Stan Brakhage, is painted and drawn directly onto pieces of film, and then run through a projector.
Venues
When it is initially produced, a feature film is often White Christmas Original Movie Poster shown to audiences in a movie theater or cinema. The first theater designed exclusively for cinema opened in White Christmas Original Movie Poster Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1905.[4] Thousands of such White Christmas Original Movie Poster theaters were built or converted from White Christmas Original Movie Poster existing facilities within a few years.[5] In the United States, White Christmas Original Movie Poster these White Christmas Original Movie Poster theaters came to be known as nickelodeons, because admission typically cost a nickel (five cents).
Typically, one film is the featured presentation (or feature film). Before the 1970s, there were "double features"; typically, a high quality "A picture" rented by an independent theater for a lump White Christmas Original Movie Poster sum, and a "B picture" of lower quality rented for a percentage of the gross receipts. Today, the bulk of the White Christmas Original Movie Poster material shown before the feature film consists White Christmas Original Movie Poster of previews for White Christmas Original Movie Poster upcoming movies and paid advertisements (also known as White Christmas Original Movie Poster trailers or "The Twenty").
Historically, all White Christmas Original Movie Poster mass marketed feature films were made White Christmas Original Movie Poster to be shown in White Christmas Original Movie Poster movie theaters. The development of television has allowed films to be broadcast to larger audiences, usually after White Christmas Original Movie Poster |
