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An employer is a person or institution Job Centre Plus that hires employees Job Search Engines or workers. Employers offer wages or a salary to the workers in exchange for the worker's labor

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power, depending upon

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whether the employee is paid by the hour or a set rate per pay period. A salaried employee is typically not paid more for Job Centre Plus more hours worked than the minimum, whereas wages are paid for all hours worked, including overtime. Employers include everything from individuals hiring a babysitter to governments and businesses which may hire many thousands of employees. In most western Job Centre Plus societies governments Job Centre Plus are the largest single employers, but most of the work force is employed in small and medium businesses in the private sector. Note that although employees may contribute Job Centre Plus to the evolution of an an enterprise, the employer maintains autonomous control Job Centre Plus over the productive base of land and capital, and is Job Centre Plus the entity named in contracts. The employer typically also maintains ownership of intellectual property created by an employee within the scope of employment and as a function thereof. These are known as "works for hire". An employers� relative level of power over employees Job Centre Plus is dependent upon numerous factors; the most influential being the Job Centre Plus nature of the employment relationship. The relationship employers share with employees Job Centre Plus is affected by three significant factors Job Centre Plus � interests, control and motivation. It is up to employers to effectively manage and balance these factors to ensure a Job Centre Plus harmonious and productive working relationship. The balance of economic efficiency and social equity is the ultimate debate in the field Job Cards of Job Centre Plus employment Job Centre Plus relations. By meeting the needs of Job Centre Plus the employer; generating profits Job Centre Plus to establish Job Centre Plus and maintain economic efficiency; whilst maintaining a balance with the employee and creating social equity that benefits the Job Centre Plus worker so that he/she can fund and enjoy healthy Job Centre Plus living; proves to be a continuous revolving Job Centre Plus issue in westernised societies. Globalisation has effected these issues by creating certain economic factors that disallow or allow various employment issues. Economist Edward Lee (1996) studies the effects of globalisation and summarizes the four major points of concern that effect employment relations: (1) Job Centre Plus International competition, from the newly industrialized countries, will cause unemployment growth and increased wage disparity for unskilled workers in industrialized countries. Imports from low-wage countries exert pressure on

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the manufacturing Job Centre Plus sector in Job Centre Plus industrialized countries and foreign direct investment (FDI) is attracted away from the industrialized nations, towards low-waged countries. (2) Economic liberalization will Volt Job result in Job Centre Plus unemployment and wage inequality in developing countries. This happens as job losses in un-competitive industries outstrip Job Centre Plus job opportunities in new Job Centre Plus industries. Job Centre Plus Workers will be forced Job Centre Plus to accept worsening wages and conditions, Job Resignation Letter as a global labour market results in a �race to the bottom�. Increased international competition creates a pressure Job Search Engine to reduce the wages and conditions of workers. Globalization reduces the autonomy of the nation state. Capital is increasingly mobile Job Centre Plus and Job Centre Plus the ability of the state to regulate economic activity is reduced. What also result�s to Lee�s (1996) findings is that in industrialized countries an average of Job Centre Plus almost 70 per cent of workers are employed in the service sector, most of which consists of non-tradable activities. As a result workers are either forced to become more skilled an develop sought after Job Centre Plus trades Creation Of Job Cards or become of this Job Centre Plus sector. Ultimately this is a result of changes and trends Job Centre Plus of employment, an evolving workforce and Job Centre Plus Target Job Applications globalisation that is represented by a more Job Centre Plus skilled and increasing Job Centre Plus highly diverse labour force, that are Job Pa growing in non standard forms of employment Interests Job Centre Plus can be best described as monetary constraints and economic pressures placed on organizations Job Centre Plus in their pursuit of profits. It Job Centre Plus covers facets such as labour productivity, wages and the effect of financial markets on businesses. Wood Job Centre Plus et al (2004, Job Centre Plus p 355) describe control can as Job Centre Plus being either output focused, focusing on desired targets with Job Centre Plus within managers defining, and using, their Job Centre Plus own methods for reaching targets, or process controls, which specify the manner in which tasks will be achieved (Ibid,

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p. 357). Employer and managerial control within Job Centre Plus an organization Job Centre Plus rests at many levels Job Centre Plus and has important implications for staff and productivity alike, with control forming the fundamental link between desired outcomes and actual processes. Thus employers must balance interests such as decreasing wage constraints with a maximization of labour productivity in order to achieve a prolific employment Job Centre Plus relationship. Motivation is the third and most difficult of the factors in the employment Job Centre Plus relationship for employers to effectively manage. Employee Job Centre Plus motivation can often be in direct Job Centre Plus conflict with Job Centre Plus control mechanisms of Job Centre Plus employers, and can be broadly defined as that which energizes, directs and sustains human behaviour ( Stone, 2005, Job Centre Plus p 412). Dubin (1958, p 213) further elaborates on this, noting motivation as �something that moves a Job Centre Plus person to Job Centre Plus action, and continues him in the course of action Job Centre Plus already initiated.� The employment relationship is

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thus a difficult challenge for employers to manage, as all three facets are Job Centre Plus often in direct competition with each other, with interests, control Job Centre Plus and Job Centre Plus motivation often clashing in the equally important quest for individual Job Centre Plus employee autonomy ,employer command and ultimate profits.

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