The earliest known shoes Yellow Shoes date from about 8000 to Yellow Shoes 7000 BCE and were found in Oregon, USA in 1938[1]. However, the materials used for making shoes do not normally last for Yellow Shoes thousands of years, so shoes were probably in use long before this. Physical anthropologist Erik Yellow Shoes Trinkaus believes he has found evidence that the Yellow Shoes use of shoes began in the period between about 40,000 and 26,000 Yellow Shoes years ago, based on the fact that the thickness of the bones of the toes (other than the big toe) decreased during this period, on the premise that going Yellow Shoes barefoot results in greater bone growth before this period.[1]
Parts of a shoe
Gluing a new outsole to an athletic shoe
Sole
The Yellow Shoes bottom of a shoe is called the sole.
Insole
The insole is the interior bottom of a shoe, which Yellow Shoes sits directly beneath the foot. Many shoes have removable and replaceable insoles, and extra insoles are often added Yellow Shoes for comfort or health reasons (to Yellow Shoes control the shape, moisture, or smell of the shoe).
Outsole
The outsole is the layer in direct contact Yellow Shoes with the ground. Dress shoes have Osiris Shoes leather outsoles; casual or work-oriented shoes have Yellow Shoes outsoles made of natural Yellow Shoes rubber or a synthetic Yellow Shoes imitation. The outsole may Yellow Shoes comprise a single piece, or may comprise separate Yellow Shoes pieces of different materials. Often the heel of the sole is rubber for durability and traction, while the front is leather for style. Specialized shoes will often have modifications on this design: athletic cleats have spikes embedded in the outsole to grip the ground; many kinds of Yellow Shoes dancing shoes have much softer or harder soles.
Midsole
The layer in between the outsole and the insole that is typically there Yellow Shoes for shock absorption. Some Yellow Shoes types of shoes, like running shoes, have another material for shock absorption, usually beneath the heel where one puts the most pressure down. Different companies use different materials for the midsoles of their shoes. Some Yellow Shoes shoes may not have a midsole at all.
Heel
Women's fashion boots
The Yellow Shoes bottom rear part of Yellow Shoes a shoe is the heel. Its function is to support the Yellow Shoes heel of the foot. They are often made of the same material as Yellow Shoes the sole of the Yellow Shoes shoe. This Yellow Shoes part can be high for fashion or to make the person look taller, or flat for a more practical use.
Vamp, or upper
Any shoe has an upper part that Yellow Shoes helps hold the shoe onto the Yellow Shoes foot. In Yellow Shoes the simplest cases, such as sandals or flip flops, this may be nothing more than a few straps for holding the sole in place. Closed footwear, such as Yellow Shoes boots, sneakers and Yellow Shoes most men's shoes, will have Yellow Shoes a more complex upper. This part is often decorated or is made in a certain style to look attractive. The U.S. Yellow Shoes Patent 3,355,535 , from 1967, describes a method for producing a shoe-upper (Hain 1967).
Accessories to shoes
Shoehorn: can be used to insert a foot into Yellow Shoes a shoe Yellow Shoes by keeping the shoe open and providing a smooth surface for the foot to slide upon.
Shoe tree: placed inside the shoe when user is not wearing it, Yellow Shoes to help maintain the shoe's shape.
Shoe polishing Yellow Shoes equipment:
Shoe polish: a waxy material spread on shoes to Yellow Shoes improve appearance, glossiness, and provide protection.
Shoe brush and polishing cloth: used to apply Winter Shoes polish to shoes.
Overshoes or galoshes: a rubber covering placed over shoes for rain and snow protection.
(Orthopedic) shoe insert: insert Yellow Shoes of various materials for Yellow Shoes cushioning, improved Yellow Shoes fit, Yellow Shoes or reduced abrasion. These include padding Yellow Shoes and inner linings. Inserts may also be used to correct foot problems.
Shoe bag: a bag that protects shoes against damage Yellow Shoes when they are not being worn.
Shoe stretcher: a tool for making Crock Shoes a shoe longer or wider or for Yellow Shoes reducing discomfort in areas of a shoe.
Snow shoe: a wooden or leather piece which increases the area of ground covered by the shoe.
Shoelaces: a Yellow Shoes system used to secure shoes.
Types of shoes
Shoes made from real crocodile skin, in a conservation Yellow Shoes exhibit at Bristol Yellow Shoes Zoo, England.
Dress and casual shoes
Dress shoes are categorized by smooth and supple leather uppers, leather soles, and narrow sleek figure. Casual shoes are characterized by sturdy leather uppers, non-leather outsoles, and Yellow Shoes wide profile.
Some designs of dress shoes can be worn by either gender. The Yellow Shoes majority Yellow Shoes of dress shoes have an upper covering, commonly Yellow Shoes made of leather, enclosing most of the Yellow Shoes lower foot, but not covering the ankles. This upper part of the shoe is often made without apertures or openings, but may also be made with openings or even itself consist of a series of straps, Yellow Shoes e.g. an open toe Yellow Shoes featured in women's shoes. Shoes with uppers made high to cover Yellow Shoes the ankles are also available; a shoe with the upper rising above the ankle is usually considered a boot but certain styles may be referred to as high-topped shoes or high-tops. Usually, a high-topped shoe is Yellow Shoes secured by laces or zippers, although Yellow Shoes some styles have elastic inserts to ease slipping the shoe on.
Men's shoes
Men's shoes can be categorized by how they are closed:
Balmorals: the vamp has a V-shaped slit to which the laces are attached; also known as Yellow Shoes "closed lacing". In England, the balmoral Yellow Shoes is known as the Oxford. The Yellow Shoes word "Oxford" Yellow Shoes is used by American clothing companies to market shoes Yellow Shoes that are not balmorals, such as rubber-sole bluchers.
Bluchers: the laces are tied to Yellow Shoes two pieces of leather Mauri Gator Shoes independently attached to the vamp; also known as "open lacing". In England, the Blucher is known as the Derby shoe.
Monk-straps: a buckle and strap Yellow Shoes instead of lacing
Various other closings Yellow Shoes exist but are less popular such as side-elastic closings.
Men's shoes can also be decorated Yellow Shoes in various ways:
Plain-toes: Yellow Shoes have a sleek appearance and no extra decorations on the vamp.
Cap-toes: has Yellow Shoes an extra layer of leather that "caps" the toe. This is possibly the most Yellow Shoes popular decoration.
Brogues (American: wing-tips): The toe of the shoe is covered with Yellow Shoes a perforated panel, the Yellow Shoes wing-tip, which extends down either side of the shoe. Brogues can be found in both balmoral and blucher styles. Please help improve this section by expanding it.
Further information might be found on the talk Yellow Shoes page or at requests for expansion.
The tone or style of Yellow Shoes this article or section may not be appropriate for Wikipedia.
Specific concerns Yellow Shoes may be found on the talk Yellow Shoes page. See Wikipedia's guide to Yellow Shoes writing better articles for suggestions.(December 2007)
Women's shoes
There is a large variety of shoes available for Yellow Shoes women, in addition Girls Shoes to most of the men's styles being more accepted as unisex. Some broad categories Yellow Shoes are:
Pumps, known in the US and UK as ballerinas, ballet pumps or skimmers, are shoes with a very low heel Yellow Shoes and a relatively short vamp, exposing much of the instep. They are popular for warm-weather wear, and may be seen as more comfortable Yellow Shoes than shoes with Yellow Shoes a higher heel.
High heels may be shoes with heels 2 inches (5 cm) or higher. They Yellow Shoes are often seen as having more sex appeal Yellow Shoes than low heels (see article for discussion) and are thus commonly Yellow Shoes worn by women for formal occasions or social outings.
Sneaker boot and sneaker pump: a shoe that looks like an athletic shoe, Yellow Shoes but is equipped with a heel, making it a kind of novelty dress shoe.
Either gender
Women's sandals
Clog
Platform shoe: Yellow Shoes shoe with very thick soles and heels
Moccasin: originated by Native Americans, a soft shoe without a heel and usually made of leather.
Sandals: Yellow Shoes open Yellow Shoes Nordstrom Shoes shoes consisting of a sole and various Yellow Shoes straps, leaving much of Yellow Shoes the foot exposed to air. They are Yellow Shoes thus popular for warm-weather Yellow Shoes wear, because they let the foot be cooler than a closed-toed Yellow Shoes shoe would.
Saddle shoe: leather Yellow Shoes shoe with a contrasting saddle-shaped band over the instep, typically white uppers with black "saddle".
Loafer: a dress or casual shoe without laces; often with tassels, buckles, or coin-holders (penny loafers).
Boating shoes, also known as boat shoes and deck shoes: similar to a loafer, but more casual. Laces, if present, are usually simple leather (often two-tone) with no frills. Often made of canvas or featuring a white sole. They have soft soles/heels to avoid marring or scratching a boat deck.
Boots: Long shoes (covering the ankle) frequently made of leather. Some are designed to be used in times of bad weather, or Yellow Shoes simply as an alternate style of casual or dress wear. Styles include rubber boots and snow boots, as Yellow Shoes well as work boots and hiking boots.
Slippers: For indoor use, commonly worn with pajamas.
Athletic shoes
Men's and women's athletic shoes and special function shoes often have less difference between the sexes than in dress Yellow Shoes shoes. In many cases Yellow Shoes these shoes can be worn by either sex. Yellow Shoes Emphasis tends to be Yellow Shoes more on function than style.
Sneakers/trainers (also called gym shoes or tennis shoes): general Yellow Shoes purpose athletic shoes; made out of rubber, cloth, and/or plastic to be lightweight, flexible, and have good traction. Special varieties are available for basketball or tennis.
Running shoes: very similar to above, with additional emphasis Yellow Shoes on cushioning.
Track shoes: lightweight; often Yellow Shoes with plastic or metal cleats
A shoe for the right foot.
Cleat (shoe): a type of shoe Yellow Shoes featuring molded or removable studs. Usually worn Yellow Shoes while playing sports such as rugby, football, American Yellow Shoes football, or baseball.
A shoe for the right foot.
Golf shoes: with "spikes" for better grip in grass and wet ground. Originally the spikes or "cleats" were made of metal but replaceable "soft spikes" made of synthetic plastic-like materials with Yellow Shoes prongs distributed radially around the edge of each spike are much more common today (and are required on many golf courses Yellow Shoes since they cause less damage to the greens).
Bowling shoes: intermediate style Yellow Shoes between ordinary dress shoes and athletic Yellow Shoes shoes. They have harder rubber soles/heels so as not to damage bowling Yellow Shoes alley Yellow Shoes floors. They are often rented or loaned at bowling alleys.
Climbing shoes: a shoe designed for rock climbing. They typically Yellow Shoes have a close fit, little if any padding, and a smooth sticky rubber sole Yellow Shoes with an extended rubber rand.
Hiking shoes or boots: Yellow Shoes usually Yellow Shoes have a high somewhat stiff upper with many lace eyelets, to provide ankle support on uneven terrain, with extra large traction on the sole.
Walking shoes: have Yellow Shoes a more flexible sole than the running shoe, lighter Yellow Shoes in weight than the hiking boot, may have air holes, may not be water proof.
Skating shoes: typically called skates. They have various attachments for skating on the bottom of Yellow Shoes the shoe portion.
Ice skates
Roller Yellow Shoes skates
Inline skates
Ski Yellow Shoes boot: a large, thick plastic boot specially designed for attachment to the ski.
Skateboarding shoes have flat soles Yellow Shoes for a better grip on Yellow Shoes a skateboard. They are very wide and have extra layers Yellow Shoes of padding to protect the skateboarders feet.
Cycling shoes are equipped Yellow Shoes with a metal or plastic Yellow Shoes cleat to Yellow Shoes interface with clipless pedals, as well as Yellow Shoes a stiff sole to maximize power transfer and support the foot.
Snowshoes are special shoes Yellow Shoes for Yellow Shoes walking in Yellow Shoes thick snow. In temperate Yellow Shoes climates, snowshoes are Yellow Shoes used Yellow Shoes for mostly recreational purposes in winter.
Wrestling shoes are light, flexible shoes that mimic bare feet Yellow Shoes while providing additional traction and protection.
Orthopedic Yellow Shoes shoes
Orthopedic or "comfort" shoes are made with pedorthic and anatomically-correct comfort qualities, such Yellow Shoes as padded removable footbeds, wide toe Yellow Shoes boxes and Yellow Shoes arch support are Yellow Shoes made especially for those with problematic feet.
Dance shoes
Pointe shoes. Designed for ballet dancing. Yellow Shoes These have a toe box that is stiffened with Tuk Shoes glue and a hardened sole Yellow Shoes so the dancer can stand on the tips of their toes. They are secured by Yellow Shoes elastic straps and ribbons Yellow Shoes that Yellow Shoes are tied to the dancer's ankles.
Ballet shoes Heel-less slippers made of canvas or leather, with either continuous or two-part sole (i.e., split-sole). Yellow Shoes The Yellow Shoes sole is typically Yellow Shoes made of leather, with thicker material under the Yellow Shoes ball and heel of the foot, and thinner and thus more Yellow Shoes flexible material under Yellow Shoes the arch Yellow Shoes so that the Yellow Shoes foot can be pointed to its utmost. Ballet slippers are usually secured by elastics that cross over the top of the foot. They are most commonly pink, Yellow Shoes white, black, or pale tan, although they may be made in specialty colours such as red or blue.
Jazz shoes. These typically have a two-part, rubberized sole (i.e., split-sole) to provide both flexibility and traction, and a low (one inch or shorter) heel. They are secured to the foot by laces or elastic inserts.
Tango/flamenco dance shoes.
Ballroom shoes. They fall into Yellow Shoes two categories for the Yellow Shoes two genres of dances as defined by the IDSF (International DanceSport Federation): Ballroom Yellow Shoes and Latin American. Both Yellow Shoes are characterised by suede soles. Mens' Ballroom shoes are typically lace-ups with 1-inch heels and patent leather uppers. Ladies' Ballroom shoes are typically court shoes with Yellow Shoes low 2-inch heels, usually made of fabric so that they Yellow Shoes can be finished Yellow Shoes with a greater variety of colours to match the dancer's dress. The low Ballroom heel distributes the dancer's weight across the foot while Latin American shoes have higher heels designed to throw the dancer's weight on to the toes and the soles are more flexible. Men's Latin shoes typically have 1.5-inch to Yellow Shoes 2-inch shaped heels while Yellow Shoes Ladies' Latin shoes have Yellow Shoes Sketcher Shoes 2,5-inch to 3-inch heels, Yellow Shoes open-toed and Yellow Shoes strapped.
Dance sneakers. Also known as dansneakers, these are a Yellow Shoes combination of a sneaker and a dance shoe, with a reinforced rubber toe.
Character shoes. Shoes with a one to three inch heel, which are usually made of leather, Yellow Shoes and often have one or more straps across the instep to secure the foot during dance. Yellow Shoes They may come in soft-soled (suede) Yellow Shoes or Yellow Shoes hard-soled varieties. They may be converted to tap shoes by attaching Yellow Shoes taps.
Foot thongs. Variously called called Foot Paws and FootUndeez, depending on the Yellow Shoes manufacturer, Yellow Shoes these are slip-on, partial foot covers that protect the ball of a dancer's foot from skin abrasions while executing turns. Yellow Shoes From a distance, flesh colored foot thongs give a dancer the Yellow Shoes appearance of having bare feet.
Modern pointe Yellow Shoes shoes.
Ballet shoes.
Jazz shoes. This style is frequently worn by acro dancers.
A foot thong, viewed from the underside.
Work shoes
Work shoes are designed to stand heavy wear, to protect the wearer, and provide high traction. They are generally made from sturdy leather uppers and non-leather outsoles. Sometimes they are used for uniforms or comfort by nurses, waitresses, police, military personnel, etc. Yellow Shoes They are commonly used for protection in industrial settings, construction, mining, and other workplaces. Yellow Shoes Protective features may include steel-tipped toes and Yellow Shoes soles or ankle guards.
Historical shoes
Footwear has been worn for tens of thousands of Yellow Shoes years. Shoes Yellow Shoes of the past include:
Espadrilles: these sandals, which are still worn today, Yellow Shoes are found as early as the 14th century.
Patten: a European wooden overshoe used to keep a person's feet dry outdoors. First worn in the Yellow Shoes middle ages, they continued in use even into the early 20th century.
Poulaine: a shoe with a long-pointed toe, popular in Europe in the 1400s.
Moccasins: the historical shoe of many North American Indian tribes.
Maintenance
Breaking-in: Some shoes are made of Yellow Shoes hard but deformable material. Yellow Shoes After a person wears them multiple times, the Yellow Shoes material reforms to fit the wearer's feet. The person is said to have broken in the shoes.
Polishing: for protection, water resistance (to some extent) and appearance, Yellow Shoes especially for leather shoes and boots.
Heel replacement: heels periodically wear out. Not all shoes are designed to enable this.
Sole replacement: soles also wear out. Not Yellow Shoes all shoes can have Yellow Shoes their soles replaced.
Shoelace replacement.
When unfit Yellow Shoes for use, shoes can be treated as trash or municipal solid Yellow Shoes waste and disposed of. The exception can Yellow Shoes be with most athletic Yellow Shoes sneakers which can be recycled and turned into other raw materials. See Nike Grind as an example.
Someone who Yellow Shoes makes or repairs shoes in a shop is called a cobbler.
Shoe etiquette
In most parts of the world Yellow Shoes (Asia, Eastern Europe, parts of the Middle East and Africa, much Yellow Shoes of Northern Europe and Yellow Shoes Canada, as well as Alaska) it is Yellow Shoes customary to Yellow Shoes remove shoes when entering a house. In some areas of the United States, especially the Midwest, it Yellow Shoes is expected that visitors remove their shoes Yellow Shoes unless a host specifically invites them to leave their shoes on. Yellow Shoes People do this to avoid bringing dirt, mud or snow into the house. For some societies, including those in Asia, indoor footwear may be provided for guests.
In the Middle East, parts of Africa, Korea and Thailand, it is considered Yellow Shoes rude to show the soles of Yellow Shoes the feet to others Yellow Shoes (even accidentally, such as by Yellow Shoes crossing Yellow Shoes the legs). In addition, in Thailand, it is an extreme insult for the foot, Yellow Shoes socks, or shoes to touch someone's head or be placed over it. Yellow Shoes Although feet touching heads is an Yellow Shoes extremely rare occurrence Yellow Shoes in Yellow Shoes any society, some Yellow Shoes Muay Thai boxers insult each other by "kicking" the opponent's head with their foot (most Muay Yellow Shoes Thai kicks are executed with the Yellow Shoes shin). |
