The earliest known shoes date from about 8000 Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running to 7000 BCE and were found in Oregon, USA in 1938[1]. However, the materials used for making shoes do not normally last for thousands of years, so shoes were probably in use long before this. Physical anthropologist Erik Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running Trinkaus believes Bicycle Shoes he has found evidence that the use of shoes began in the period between about 40,000 and 26,000 years ago, based on the fact that the thickness of the bones of the toes (other Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running than the big toe) decreased during this period, on the premise that going barefoot results in greater bone growth before this Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running period.[1]
Parts of Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running a shoe
Gluing a new outsole to Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running an athletic shoe
Sole
The bottom of a shoe is called the sole.
Insole
The insole is the interior bottom Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running of a shoe, Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running which sits Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running directly beneath the foot. Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running Many shoes have removable and replaceable insoles, and extra Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running insoles are often added for comfort or health reasons (to control Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running the shape, Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running moisture, Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running or smell of the shoe).
Outsole
The Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running outsole is the Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running layer in direct contact Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running with the ground. Dress shoes have leather outsoles; casual or work-oriented shoes have outsoles made of natural rubber Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running or a synthetic imitation. The outsole may comprise a single piece, or may comprise separate pieces of different materials. Often the heel of the sole is rubber for durability and traction, while the front is leather for style. Specialized shoes Wholesale Women Shoes will often have modifications on this design: athletic cleats have spikes embedded in the outsole to grip Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running the ground; many kinds of dancing shoes have much Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running softer or harder soles.
Midsole
The layer Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running in between the outsole and the insole Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running that is Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running typically there for shock absorption. Some types of shoes, like running shoes, have another material for shock absorption, usually beneath the heel where one puts the most pressure down. Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running Different companies use different materials for the midsoles of their shoes. Some shoes may not have a midsole at all.
Heel
Women's fashion boots
The bottom rear part of a shoe is the heel. Its function is to support the Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running heel of the foot. They are often made Capezio Dance Shoes of the same material Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running as the sole of the Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running shoe. This part can be high for fashion or to make the person look Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running taller, Fallen Shoes or flat for Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running a more practical use.
Vamp, or upper
Any shoe has Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running an upper part that helps hold the shoe onto the foot. In the simplest cases, such as sandals Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running or flip flops, this may be nothing more than a few Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running straps for holding the sole in Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running place. Closed footwear, such as boots, sneakers and most men's shoes, will Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running have a more complex upper. This part is often Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running decorated or is Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running made in a certain style to look attractive. The U.S. Patent 3,355,535 , from 1967, Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running describes a method for producing a shoe-upper (Hain 1967).
Accessories to Marty S Shoes shoes
Shoehorn: can be used to insert a foot into a Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running shoe by keeping the shoe open and providing a smooth surface for the foot Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running to slide upon.
Shoe Womens Dress Shoes tree: placed Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running inside the Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running shoe when user is not wearing it, to help maintain Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running the shoe's shape.
Shoe polishing equipment:
Shoe polish: Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running a waxy material spread on shoes to improve appearance, glossiness, Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running and provide protection.
Shoe Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running brush and polishing cloth: used to Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running apply polish to Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running shoes.
Overshoes or galoshes: a Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running rubber covering placed over shoes for rain Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running and Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running snow protection.
(Orthopedic) Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running shoe Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running insert: Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running insert Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running of various Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running materials for cushioning, improved fit, or reduced abrasion. These include padding and inner linings. Inserts may also be used to Pikolinos Shoes correct foot problems.
Shoe bag: a bag that protects shoes against damage when they are not being worn.
Shoe stretcher: a tool for making a shoe longer or wider Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running or Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running for reducing discomfort in areas of Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running a shoe.
Snow shoe: a wooden or leather piece which increases the area of ground covered by the shoe.
|
Shoelaces: a Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running system used to secure shoes.
Types of shoes
Shoes Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running made from real crocodile skin, in a Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running conservation Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running exhibit at Bristol Zoo, England.
Dress and casual shoes
Dress shoes are categorized by smooth and supple leather uppers, Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running leather soles, and narrow sleek figure. Casual shoes are characterized by Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running sturdy leather uppers, non-leather outsoles, and wide profile.
Some designs of dress shoes Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running can be worn by either gender. The majority of dress shoes have an upper covering, Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running commonly made of leather, Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running enclosing most of the lower foot, but not covering the ankles. This upper part of the shoe is Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running often made without apertures or Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running openings, but may also be made with openings or even itself Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running consist of a series of straps, e.g. an open toe featured in women's shoes. Shoes with uppers made high to cover the ankles are also Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running available; a Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running shoe with the upper rising above the ankle is usually considered a boot but certain styles may be Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running referred to as high-topped shoes or high-tops. Usually, a high-topped shoe Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running is secured by laces or zippers, although some styles have elastic inserts to ease slipping the shoe on.
Men's shoes
Men's shoes can be categorized by how they are closed:
Balmorals: the vamp Stonefly Shoes has a V-shaped slit to which the laces are attached; also known as Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running "closed lacing". In England, the Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running balmoral is known as the Oxford. The word "Oxford" is used by American clothing companies Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running to market shoes that are not balmorals, such as rubber-sole bluchers.
Bluchers: the laces Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running are tied to Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running two pieces of leather independently attached to the vamp; Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running also known as "open lacing". In England, the Blucher is known as the Derby shoe.
Monk-straps: a buckle and strap instead of Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running lacing
Various other closings exist but are Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running less popular Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running such as side-elastic closings.
Men's shoes can also be decorated in various ways:
Plain-toes: have a sleek appearance and no extra decorations on the vamp.
Cap-toes: has an extra layer of leather that "caps" the toe. This is possibly the most popular decoration.
Brogues (American: wing-tips): The toe of the shoe is covered with a perforated Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running panel, the wing-tip, which extends down either side of the shoe. Brogues can be found in both Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running balmoral and blucher styles. Please help improve this section by expanding it.
Further information might be Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running found Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running on the talk page or at requests for expansion.
The tone or Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running style of this article Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running or section may not be appropriate for Wikipedia.
Specific concerns Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running may be found Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running on the talk Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running page. See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles for suggestions.(December 2007)
Women's shoes
There is a large Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running variety of shoes available for women, in addition to most of Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running the men's styles being Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running more accepted as unisex. Some broad categories are:
Pumps, known in Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running the US and UK as ballerinas, ballet pumps or skimmers, are shoes with a very low heel and a relatively short vamp, exposing much of the Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running instep. They are popular for warm-weather wear, and may be seen as more Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running comfortable than shoes with a higher heel.
High heels may be shoes with heels 2 inches (5 cm) or higher. Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running They are often seen Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running as having more sex appeal than low heels (see article for discussion) and are Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running Pay Less Shoes thus commonly worn by women Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running for formal occasions or social outings.
Sneaker boot and sneaker pump: a shoe that looks like an athletic shoe, but is equipped with a heel, making it a kind of novelty dress shoe.
Either gender
Women's sandals
Clog
Platform shoe: shoe with Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running very thick soles and heels
Moccasin: originated by Native Americans, a soft shoe without a heel and usually made of leather.
Sandals: open shoes consisting of a sole and various straps, leaving much of Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running the foot exposed to air. They are thus popular for warm-weather wear, because they let the Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running foot be cooler than a closed-toed shoe would.
Saddle shoe: leather shoe with a contrasting saddle-shaped band over the instep, Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running typically white uppers with black "saddle".
Loafer: a dress or casual shoe without laces; often with tassels, buckles, or coin-holders (penny loafers).
Boating shoes, also known as boat shoes and deck shoes: similar to a loafer, but more casual. Laces, if present, are usually simple leather (often two-tone) with no frills. Often made of canvas or Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running featuring a white sole. They have soft soles/heels Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running to avoid marring or scratching a boat deck.
Boots: Long Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running shoes (covering the ankle) frequently made of leather. Some are designed to be used in times of Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running bad weather, or simply as an alternate Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running style of casual Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running or dress Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running wear. Styles include rubber boots and snow boots, as Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running well as work boots and hiking boots.
|
Slippers: For indoor use, commonly worn with pajamas.
Athletic shoes
Men's and women's athletic shoes and special function shoes Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running often have less difference between the sexes than in dress shoes. In many cases these shoes can be worn Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running by Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running either sex. Emphasis tends to be more on function than style.
Sneakers/trainers (also called gym shoes Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running or tennis shoes): general purpose athletic shoes; made out of Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running rubber, cloth, and/or plastic to be lightweight, flexible, and have good traction. Special varieties are available for basketball or tennis.
Running shoes: very similar to above, with additional emphasis Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running on Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running cushioning.
Track shoes: lightweight; often with plastic or metal cleats
A shoe for the right foot.
Cleat (shoe): a type of shoe featuring molded or removable studs. Usually worn Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running while playing sports such as rugby, football, American football, or baseball.
A shoe for the right foot.
Golf shoes: Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running with "spikes" Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running for Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running better Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running grip in grass and wet ground. Originally the spikes or "cleats" were made of metal but replaceable Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running "soft spikes" made of synthetic plastic-like materials with Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running prongs distributed radially around the edge of each spike are much more common today Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running (and are required on many golf courses since they cause less damage to the greens).
Bowling shoes: intermediate style between ordinary dress shoes and athletic shoes. They have Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running harder rubber soles/heels so as not to Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running damage bowling alley floors. They are often rented or loaned Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running at bowling alleys.
Climbing shoes: a shoe designed for rock climbing. They typically have a close fit, little if any padding, Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running and a smooth sticky rubber Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running sole with an extended rubber rand.
Hiking shoes or Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running boots: usually have a high somewhat stiff upper with many lace eyelets, to provide ankle support Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running on uneven terrain, with extra large traction on the sole.
Walking shoes: Knapp Shoes have a more flexible sole than the running shoe, lighter in weight Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running than the hiking boot, may have air holes, may not be water proof.
Skating shoes: typically called skates. They have various attachments Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running for skating on the bottom of the shoe portion.
Ice skates
Roller skates
Inline skates
Ski boot: a large, thick plastic boot specially designed for attachment to the ski.
Skateboarding shoes have flat soles for a better grip Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running on a skateboard. They are very wide Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running and have extra layers of padding to protect the skateboarders feet.
Cycling shoes are equipped with a metal or plastic cleat to interface with clipless pedals, Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running as well as a stiff Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running sole to maximize power Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running transfer and support the foot.
Snowshoes are special shoes for Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running walking in thick snow. In temperate climates, snowshoes are used for mostly recreational purposes in winter.
Wrestling shoes are light, flexible shoes that mimic bare feet while providing additional Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running traction and protection.
Orthopedic Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running shoes
Orthopedic or "comfort" Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running shoes are made with pedorthic Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running and anatomically-correct comfort qualities, such as padded removable footbeds, wide Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running Ballroom Dancing Shoes toe boxes and arch support are Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running made especially for those with problematic feet.
Dance shoes
Pointe shoes. Designed for ballet dancing. These have Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running a toe box that is stiffened with glue and a hardened sole so the dancer can stand on the Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running tips of their toes. They are secured by elastic straps and ribbons that are Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running tied to the dancer's ankles.
Ballet shoes Heel-less slippers made of canvas or leather, with either continuous or two-part sole Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running (i.e., split-sole). Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running The sole is typically made of leather, with thicker material under the ball and heel of the Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running foot, Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running and thinner and thus more flexible material under the arch so that the foot Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running can be pointed to its utmost. Ballet slippers are usually secured by elastics that cross over the top of the foot. They are most commonly Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running pink, Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running white, black, or pale tan, although they may Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running be made Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running in specialty colours such as red or blue.
Jazz shoes. These typically have a two-part, rubberized sole (i.e., split-sole) to provide both flexibility Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running and traction, and a low (one inch or shorter) heel. They are secured Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running to the foot by laces or elastic Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running inserts.
Tango/flamenco dance shoes.
Ballroom shoes. They Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running fall into two categories for the two Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running genres of dances as Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running defined by the IDSF Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running (International DanceSport Federation): Ballroom and Latin American. Both are characterised by suede soles. Mens' Ballroom shoes are typically lace-ups with 1-inch heels and patent leather uppers. Ladies' Ballroom shoes are typically court shoes with Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running low 2-inch heels, usually made of fabric so that they can be finished with a greater variety of colours to match Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running the Wholesale Nike Shoes dancer's dress. The low Ballroom Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running heel distributes the dancer's weight across the foot while Latin American shoes have higher heels designed to throw the dancer's weight on Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running to the toes Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running and the soles are more flexible. Men's Latin shoes typically have 1.5-inch to 2-inch shaped heels while Ladies' Latin shoes have 2,5-inch to 3-inch heels, open-toed and strapped.
|
Dance sneakers. Also known as dansneakers, these are a combination of Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running a sneaker and a Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running dance shoe, with a reinforced rubber toe.
Character shoes. Shoes with a one to three inch heel, which are Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running usually made Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running of leather, and often have one or more straps across the instep to Hockey Shoes secure the foot during Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running dance. They may come in soft-soled (suede) or hard-soled varieties. They may be converted to tap shoes by attaching taps.
Foot thongs. Variously called called Foot Paws and FootUndeez, depending on the manufacturer, these are slip-on, partial Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running foot covers Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running that protect the Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running ball of a dancer's foot from skin abrasions Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running while executing turns. From Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running a distance, flesh colored Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running foot thongs give a dancer the appearance of having bare feet.
Modern pointe shoes.
Ballet shoes.
Jazz shoes. This style is frequently worn by acro dancers.
A foot thong, viewed from the underside.
Work shoes
Work shoes are designed to stand heavy wear, to protect the wearer, and provide high Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running traction. They are generally made from sturdy leather uppers and non-leather outsoles. Sometimes they are used for uniforms or comfort by nurses, waitresses, police, military personnel, Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running etc. They are commonly used for protection in industrial settings, Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running construction, mining, and other workplaces. Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running Protective features may include steel-tipped Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running toes and soles or ankle guards.
Historical shoes
Footwear has been worn for tens of thousands of years. Shoes of the past include:
Espadrilles: these sandals, which Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running are still Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running worn today, are found as early as the 14th century.
Patten: a European wooden overshoe used to keep a person's feet dry outdoors. First worn in the middle ages, they continued in use even into the early 20th century.
Poulaine: a shoe with a long-pointed toe, popular in Europe in Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running the 1400s.
Moccasins: the historical shoe of many North American Indian tribes.
Maintenance
Breaking-in: Some shoes are made of hard but deformable material. After a person wears them multiple times, the Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running material reforms to Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running fit the wearer's feet. The person is said to have broken in the shoes.
Polishing: Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running for Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running protection, Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running water resistance Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running (to some extent) and appearance, Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running especially for leather shoes and boots.
Heel replacement: heels periodically wear out. Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running Not all shoes are designed to enable this.
Sole replacement: soles also wear out. Not all shoes can have their soles replaced.
Shoelace replacement.
When unfit for use, shoes can be treated as trash or municipal solid waste and disposed of. The exception can be Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running with most athletic sneakers which can be recycled and turned into other raw materials. See Nike Grind as an example.
Someone who makes or repairs shoes in a shop is called a cobbler.
Shoe Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running etiquette
In most Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running parts of the world (Asia, Eastern Europe, parts of the Middle East and Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running Africa, much of Northern Europe and Canada, as well Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running as Alaska) it is customary to remove shoes when Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running entering a house. In some areas of the United States, especially the Midwest, it is expected Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running that Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running visitors remove their Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running shoes unless Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running a host specifically invites them to leave Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running their shoes on. People do this to avoid bringing dirt, mud or snow into the house. For some societies, including those in Asia, indoor footwear Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running may be provided for guests.
In the Middle Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running East, parts of Africa, Korea and Thailand, it is considered rude to show the soles of the feet to others (even accidentally, such as by crossing the legs). In addition, Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running in Thailand, it is an extreme insult Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running for the foot, Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running socks, or shoes to touch someone's head or be placed over Shoes Polo Sports Casual Running it. Although feet touching heads is an extremely rare occurrence in any society, some Muay Thai boxers insult each other by "kicking" the opponent's head with their foot (most Muay Thai kicks are executed with the shin). |
