The earliest known shoes date from about 8000 to 7000 Bridesmaid Shoes BCE Bridesmaid Shoes and were found Bridesmaid Shoes in Oregon, USA in 1938[1]. However, the materials used for making shoes do not normally last Bridesmaid Shoes for thousands of years, so shoes were probably in use long before this. Physical Bridesmaid Shoes anthropologist Erik Trinkaus believes he has found evidence that the use of shoes began in the period between about 40,000 and 26,000 years ago, based on the Bridesmaid Shoes fact that the thickness of the bones Bridesmaid Shoes of the toes (other Bridesmaid Shoes than the big toe) Bridesmaid Shoes decreased during this period, on the premise that going barefoot results in Bridesmaid Shoes greater bone Bridesmaid Shoes growth before this period.[1]
Parts of a shoe
Gluing a new outsole to an athletic shoe
Sole
The bottom of a shoe is called the sole.
Insole
The insole is the interior bottom of a shoe, Bridesmaid Shoes which sits directly beneath the foot. Bridesmaid Shoes Many Bridesmaid Shoes shoes have removable and replaceable insoles, and extra insoles are often added Bridesmaid Shoes for comfort or health reasons (to control the shape, moisture, or smell of the shoe).
Outsole
The outsole is the layer Bridesmaid Shoes in direct contact with the ground. Dress shoes have leather outsoles; casual or Bridesmaid Shoes work-oriented shoes have outsoles made of natural rubber or a synthetic imitation. The outsole may comprise a single piece, or may comprise separate pieces of different materials. Often the heel of the sole is rubber for durability and Bridesmaid Shoes traction, while the front is leather for style. Specialized shoes will often have modifications Bridesmaid Shoes on this design: athletic cleats have spikes embedded in the outsole to grip the ground; many kinds of dancing shoes Bridesmaid Shoes have much softer or harder soles.
Midsole
The layer in between the outsole and the insole that is typically there for shock absorption. Bridesmaid Shoes Some types Bridesmaid Shoes of shoes, like running shoes, have another material for shock absorption, usually beneath the heel where one puts the most pressure down. Different Bridesmaid Shoes companies use different materials for the midsoles of their shoes. Some shoes may not have a midsole at all.
Heel
Women's fashion boots
The bottom rear part of a shoe is the heel. Its function is to support the heel Bridesmaid Shoes of the foot. They are often made of the same material as the sole of the shoe. This part can be high for fashion or to make Bridesmaid Shoes the person look taller, or flat for a more Bridesmaid Shoes practical use.
Vamp, or upper
Any shoe has an upper part that helps Bridesmaid Shoes hold the shoe onto the foot. In the simplest cases, such as sandals or flip flops, this may be nothing more than a few straps for holding the sole in place. Closed footwear, such as boots, sneakers and most men's shoes, will have a more complex Bridesmaid Shoes upper. This part is Bridesmaid Shoes often decorated or is made in a certain style to look attractive. Bridesmaid Shoes The U.S. Patent 3,355,535 , from 1967, describes a method for producing a shoe-upper (Hain 1967).
Accessories to shoes
Shoehorn: can be used to insert a foot into a shoe by keeping the shoe open and providing a smooth surface for the foot to slide upon.
Shoe tree: placed inside the shoe when user is not wearing it, to help maintain the shoe's shape.
Shoe Bridesmaid Shoes polishing equipment:
Shoe polish: a waxy Discontinued Born Shoes material spread Bridesmaid Shoes on shoes to improve appearance, glossiness, and provide protection.
Shoe brush and polishing cloth: used Bridesmaid Shoes to apply polish to shoes.
Overshoes or galoshes: a Bridesmaid Shoes rubber covering placed over shoes Bridesmaid Shoes for rain and snow protection.
(Orthopedic) shoe insert: insert of various materials for cushioning, improved fit, or reduced abrasion. These include padding and inner Bridesmaid Shoes linings. Bridesmaid Shoes Inserts may also be used to correct Bridesmaid Shoes foot problems.
Shoe bag: a bag that protects shoes against damage when they are not being Bridesmaid Shoes worn.
Shoe stretcher: a tool for making a shoe longer or wider Bridesmaid Shoes or for reducing discomfort in areas of a shoe.
Snow shoe: a wooden or leather piece which increases the area of ground covered by the shoe.
Shoelaces: Bridesmaid Shoes a system used to secure shoes.
Types Bridesmaid Shoes of shoes
Shoes Bridesmaid Shoes made from real crocodile skin, in a conservation Bridesmaid Shoes exhibit at Bristol Zoo, England.
Dress and casual shoes
Dress shoes are categorized by smooth and supple leather Bridesmaid Shoes uppers, leather soles, and narrow sleek figure. Casual shoes are characterized by sturdy leather uppers, non-leather outsoles, and wide profile.
Some designs of dress shoes can be worn by Bridesmaid Shoes either gender. The Bridesmaid Shoes majority of dress shoes have an upper covering, commonly made of leather, enclosing most of the lower foot, but Bridesmaid Shoes not covering the ankles. This upper Bridesmaid Shoes part of the Bridesmaid Shoes shoe Bridesmaid Shoes is often made without apertures Bridesmaid Shoes or openings, but may also be made with openings or even itself consist of Bridesmaid Shoes a series of straps, e.g. an open toe featured in women's shoes. Shoes with uppers made high to cover the ankles are also available; a shoe with the upper rising Bridesmaid Shoes above the ankle is usually considered a boot but certain styles may be referred Bridesmaid Shoes to as high-topped shoes or high-tops. Usually, a high-topped shoe Bridesmaid Shoes is secured by laces or Bridesmaid Shoes zippers, although Womens Designer Shoes some styles have elastic inserts to Bridesmaid Shoes ease Bridesmaid Shoes slipping the shoe on.
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Men's shoes
Men's shoes can be categorized by how Bridesmaid Shoes they are closed:
Balmorals: the vamp has a V-shaped slit to which the laces are attached; also known as "closed lacing". Bridesmaid Shoes In England, the balmoral is known as the Oxford. The word "Oxford" is used by American clothing Bridesmaid Shoes companies to market shoes that are not balmorals, such as rubber-sole bluchers.
Bluchers: the laces are tied to two pieces of Bridesmaid Shoes leather independently attached to the vamp; also known as "open lacing". In England, the Blucher is known as the Derby shoe.
Monk-straps: a buckle and strap instead of lacing
Various other closings exist but are Bridesmaid Shoes less popular such as side-elastic closings.
Men's shoes can also be decorated in various ways:
Plain-toes: have a sleek appearance and no Bridesmaid Shoes extra decorations on the vamp.
Cap-toes: has an extra layer of leather that "caps" the toe. This is possibly the most popular decoration.
Brogues (American: wing-tips): The toe of the Bridesmaid Shoes shoe is covered with a perforated panel, the wing-tip, which Bridesmaid Shoes extends down either side of the shoe. Brogues can be found in both balmoral and blucher styles. Please Bridesmaid Shoes help improve this section by expanding it.
Further Bridesmaid Shoes information might be Bridesmaid Shoes found on the talk page or at requests for expansion.
The tone or style of Bridesmaid Shoes this article Bridesmaid Shoes or section may not be appropriate for Wikipedia.
Specific concerns may be found on the talk page. See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles for suggestions.(December 2007)
Women's shoes
There Bridesmaid Shoes is a large Bridesmaid Shoes variety of shoes available for women, in addition to most of the men's styles being more accepted as unisex. Some broad categories are:
Pumps, Bridesmaid Shoes known in the US and UK as ballerinas, ballet pumps Bridesmaid Shoes or Bridesmaid Shoes skimmers, are shoes with a very low Bridesmaid Shoes heel Bridesmaid Shoes and a relatively short vamp, exposing much Bridesmaid Shoes of the instep. They Bridesmaid Shoes are popular for warm-weather wear, and may be seen Bridesmaid Shoes as more comfortable than shoes Bridesmaid Shoes with a higher heel.
High heels may be Bridesmaid Shoes shoes with heels Bridesmaid Shoes 2 inches (5 Bridesmaid Shoes cm) or higher. They are often Bridesmaid Shoes seen Bridesmaid Shoes as having more sex appeal than low heels Bridesmaid Shoes (see article for Bridesmaid Shoes discussion) and are thus commonly worn by women for Bridesmaid Shoes formal occasions or social outings.
Sneaker boot and sneaker pump: a shoe that looks like an athletic shoe, but is equipped with a heel, making it a kind of novelty dress Bridesmaid Shoes shoe.
Either gender
Women's sandals
Clog
Platform shoe: shoe with very thick soles Bridesmaid Shoes and heels
Moccasin: originated by Native Americans, a soft shoe without a heel and usually made of leather.
Sandals: open shoes consisting of a sole Bridesmaid Shoes and various straps, leaving much of the foot exposed to air. They are thus popular for warm-weather wear, because they let the foot Bridesmaid Shoes be cooler than a closed-toed shoe would.
Saddle shoe: leather shoe with Bridesmaid Shoes a contrasting saddle-shaped band over the instep, typically white uppers with black "saddle".
Loafer: a dress Avia Shoes or casual shoe without laces; often Bridesmaid Shoes with tassels, buckles, or coin-holders (penny loafers).
Boating shoes, also known as boat shoes and deck shoes: Bridesmaid Shoes similar to a loafer, but more casual. Laces, if present, are usually Bridesmaid Shoes simple leather (often two-tone) with no frills. Often made of Bridesmaid Shoes canvas or featuring a white Bridesmaid Shoes sole. They have soft soles/heels to avoid marring Bridesmaid Shoes or scratching Bridesmaid Shoes a boat deck.
Boots: Long shoes (covering the ankle) frequently made of leather. Some are designed to be used in times of bad weather, or simply as Bridesmaid Shoes an alternate style Bridesmaid Shoes of casual or dress wear. Styles include rubber boots and snow boots, as well as work boots and hiking boots.
Slippers: For indoor use, commonly worn Bridesmaid Shoes with pajamas.
Athletic shoes
Men's Bridesmaid Shoes and women's athletic shoes and Bridesmaid Shoes special function shoes often have Bridesmaid Shoes less difference between the sexes than in Bridesmaid Shoes dress shoes. In many cases these shoes can be worn by either sex. Emphasis tends Bridesmaid Shoes to be more on function than style.
Sneakers/trainers (also called gym shoes or tennis shoes): general purpose athletic shoes; Bridesmaid Shoes made out of rubber, cloth, and/or plastic to be lightweight, flexible, and have good traction. Special varieties are available for basketball or tennis.
Running shoes: Bridesmaid Shoes very similar to above, with additional emphasis on cushioning.
Track shoes: lightweight; often with plastic or metal cleats
A shoe for the right foot.
Cleat (shoe): a type Bridesmaid Shoes of shoe featuring molded or removable studs. Usually worn while playing Bridesmaid Shoes sports such as rugby, football, Bridesmaid Shoes American football, Bridesmaid Shoes or baseball.
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A shoe for Bridesmaid Shoes the right foot.
Golf shoes: with "spikes" for better grip in grass and wet Bridesmaid Shoes ground. Originally Bridesmaid Shoes the spikes or "cleats" were made of metal but replaceable "soft spikes" made of synthetic Bridesmaid Shoes plastic-like materials with prongs distributed radially around the edge of each spike are much more common today (and are required on many golf courses since they Bridesmaid Shoes cause less damage to the greens).
Bowling shoes: intermediate style between Bridesmaid Shoes ordinary dress Bridesmaid Shoes shoes and athletic shoes. They have harder rubber soles/heels so as not to damage bowling alley floors. They are often rented or Bridesmaid Shoes loaned at bowling alleys.
Climbing shoes: a Bridesmaid Shoes shoe designed for rock climbing. They Bridesmaid Shoes typically have a close fit, little if Bridesmaid Shoes any padding, and a smooth sticky rubber sole with an Bridesmaid Shoes extended rubber rand.
Hiking shoes or boots: usually have a high somewhat stiff upper with many lace eyelets, to provide ankle support on uneven Bridesmaid Shoes terrain, with extra large traction on Bridesmaid Shoes the sole.
Walking shoes: have a more flexible sole than the running shoe, lighter in weight than the hiking boot, may have air holes, may not be water proof.
Skating shoes: typically called skates. They have various attachments for skating on the bottom of the shoe portion.
Ice skates
Roller skates
Inline skates
Ski boot: a large, thick plastic boot Bridesmaid Shoes specially designed for attachment to Bridesmaid Shoes the ski.
Skateboarding shoes have flat soles Bridesmaid Shoes for a better Bridesmaid Shoes grip on a Bridesmaid Shoes skateboard. They are very wide and Bike Shoes have extra layers of padding to protect the skateboarders feet.
Cycling shoes are equipped with a metal or Bridesmaid Shoes plastic cleat to interface with clipless pedals, as well as a stiff sole to maximize power Bridesmaid Shoes transfer and support the foot.
Snowshoes are special shoes for walking in thick snow. In temperate climates, snowshoes are used for mostly recreational purposes in winter.
Wrestling shoes are Bridesmaid Shoes light, flexible shoes that mimic bare feet while providing additional traction Bridesmaid Shoes and protection.
Orthopedic shoes
Orthopedic Bridesmaid Shoes or "comfort" shoes are made with pedorthic and anatomically-correct comfort qualities, such as padded removable footbeds, wide toe boxes and arch support are made especially Bridesmaid Shoes for those with Bridesmaid Shoes problematic feet.
Dance shoes
Pointe Bridesmaid Shoes shoes. Designed for ballet dancing. These have a toe box that is stiffened with glue and a hardened sole so the dancer can Bridesmaid Shoes stand on the tips Bridesmaid Shoes of their toes. They are secured by elastic straps and Bridesmaid Shoes ribbons that are tied to the dancer's ankles.
Ballet shoes Heel-less slippers made of canvas or leather, with either continuous Bridesmaid Shoes or two-part sole (i.e., split-sole). The sole is typically made Bridesmaid Shoes of leather, with thicker material under the ball and heel of the foot, and thinner Bridesmaid Shoes and thus more flexible material Bridesmaid Shoes under the arch so that the foot Bridesmaid Shoes can be pointed to its utmost. Ballet slippers are usually secured Bridesmaid Shoes by elastics that cross over the top of the foot. Bridesmaid Shoes They Bridesmaid Shoes are most Bridesmaid Shoes commonly pink, white, black, or pale tan, although they Bridesmaid Shoes may be made in specialty colours such as red or blue.
Jazz shoes. These Bridesmaid Shoes typically have Softspots Shoes a two-part, rubberized Bridesmaid Shoes sole (i.e., split-sole) to provide both flexibility and traction, and a Bridesmaid Shoes low (one inch or shorter) heel. They are secured to the foot by laces or elastic inserts.
Tango/flamenco dance shoes.
Ballroom shoes. They fall into two categories Bridesmaid Shoes for the two genres Bridesmaid Shoes of dances as defined by the IDSF (International DanceSport Federation): Ballroom and Latin American. Both are Bridesmaid Shoes characterised by suede soles. Mens' Ballroom shoes Bridesmaid Shoes are Bridesmaid Shoes typically lace-ups Bridesmaid Shoes with Bridesmaid Shoes 1-inch heels and patent leather uppers. Ladies' Ballroom Bridesmaid Shoes shoes are typically court shoes with low 2-inch heels, usually made of fabric so that they can be Bridesmaid Shoes finished with a greater variety of colours Bridesmaid Shoes to match the dancer's dress. The low Ballroom heel distributes the dancer's weight across the foot while Latin American shoes have higher heels designed to throw the Bridesmaid Shoes dancer's weight on Bridesmaid Shoes to the toes and the soles are more flexible. Men's Latin shoes typically have 1.5-inch to 2-inch Bridesmaid Shoes shaped heels while Ladies' Latin shoes have 2,5-inch to 3-inch heels, open-toed and strapped.
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Dance sneakers. Also known as dansneakers, these are a combination of a sneaker and a dance shoe, with Bridesmaid Shoes a reinforced rubber toe.
Character shoes. Shoes with a one to three inch heel, which are usually made of leather, and often have Bridesmaid Shoes one or more straps across the instep to secure the foot during dance. They may come in soft-soled (suede) or Bridesmaid Shoes hard-soled varieties. They may Bridesmaid Shoes be converted to tap shoes by attaching taps.
Foot thongs. Variously called called Foot Paws and FootUndeez, depending on the manufacturer, Bridesmaid Shoes these are slip-on, partial foot covers that protect the ball of a dancer's Best Rated Walking Shoes foot from skin abrasions while executing turns. From a distance, Bridesmaid Shoes flesh Bridesmaid Shoes colored foot thongs give a dancer the appearance of having bare feet.
Modern pointe shoes.
Ballet shoes.
Jazz shoes. This style is frequently worn by acro dancers.
A foot thong, viewed from the Bridesmaid Shoes underside.
Work shoes
Work shoes are designed to stand heavy wear, to protect the wearer, and provide high traction. They are generally made Bridesmaid Shoes from sturdy leather uppers and non-leather outsoles. Sometimes Bridesmaid Shoes they are used for uniforms or comfort by nurses, waitresses, police, military personnel, Bridesmaid Shoes etc. They are commonly Bridesmaid Shoes used for protection in industrial settings, construction, mining, Bridesmaid Shoes and other workplaces. Protective features may include steel-tipped toes and soles or ankle guards.
Historical shoes
Footwear has been worn for tens of thousands of years. Shoes of the past include:
Espadrilles: these sandals, which are still worn today, are found as early as the 14th century.
Patten: a European wooden overshoe Bridesmaid Shoes used to keep a Bridesmaid Shoes person's feet dry outdoors. First worn Bridesmaid Shoes in the middle ages, they continued in use even into the early 20th century.
Poulaine: a shoe with a long-pointed toe, Bridesmaid Shoes popular in Bridesmaid Shoes Europe in the 1400s.
Moccasins: the historical shoe of many North American Indian tribes.
Maintenance
Breaking-in: Some shoes are Bridesmaid Shoes made of hard but Bridesmaid Shoes deformable material. After a person wears them Bridesmaid Shoes multiple times, the material reforms Bridesmaid Shoes to fit the wearer's feet. The person is said to have broken in the shoes.
Polishing: for How To Make Shoes protection, water resistance (to Bridesmaid Shoes some extent) and appearance, especially for leather shoes and boots.
Heel replacement: heels periodically wear out. Not all shoes are designed Bridesmaid Shoes Lets Get Some Shoes to enable this.
Sole replacement: soles also wear out. Not all Bridesmaid Shoes shoes can have their soles replaced.
Shoelace replacement.
When unfit for use, shoes can be treated as trash or municipal solid waste and disposed of. The Bridesmaid Shoes exception can be Bridesmaid Shoes with most athletic sneakers which can be recycled and turned into other raw materials. Bridesmaid Shoes See Nike Grind as an example.
Someone who makes or repairs shoes in Bridesmaid Shoes a shop is called a cobbler.
Shoe etiquette
In most Bridesmaid Shoes parts Bridesmaid Shoes of the world (Asia, Eastern Europe, Bridesmaid Shoes parts of the Middle East and Africa, much of Northern Europe Bridesmaid Shoes and Canada, as well as Alaska) it is customary to remove shoes when entering a house. In Bridesmaid Shoes some areas of the Bridesmaid Shoes United States, especially the Midwest, Circa Shoes it is expected that visitors remove Bridesmaid Shoes their shoes unless Alligator Shoes a host Bridesmaid Shoes specifically invites them to leave their shoes on. People do this to avoid bringing dirt, mud or snow into the house. For some societies, including those in Asia, indoor footwear may be provided for guests.
In the Middle Bridesmaid Shoes East, parts of Africa, Korea and Thailand, it is considered rude to show the soles Bridesmaid Shoes of the Bridesmaid Shoes feet to others (even accidentally, such as by crossing Bridesmaid Shoes the legs). Bridesmaid Shoes In Bridesmaid Shoes addition, in Thailand, it is an extreme insult for the foot, socks, or shoes to touch Bridesmaid Shoes someone's head or be placed over it. Although feet touching heads is an extremely Bridesmaid Shoes rare occurrence in any society, some Muay Thai boxers insult each other by "kicking" the opponent's head with their foot (most Muay Thai kicks are executed with the shin). |
