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The earliest known shoes date from about 8000 to Crock Shoes 7000 BCE and were found in Oregon, USA in 1938[1]. However, Crock Shoes the materials used for making shoes do not normally last for thousands of years, so shoes were probably in Crock Shoes use long before this. Physical anthropologist Erik Trinkaus believes he has found evidence that the use of shoes began in the period between about 40,000 and Crock Shoes 26,000 years ago, based Crock Shoes on the fact that Crock Shoes the thickness of Crock Shoes the bones of the toes (other than the big toe) decreased during this period, on the premise that going barefoot results in greater bone growth before this period.[1] Parts of a shoe Gluing a new outsole to an athletic shoe Sole The bottom of Crock Shoes a shoe is called the sole. Insole The insole is Crock Shoes the interior bottom of a shoe, which Crock Shoes sits directly beneath the foot. Many shoes have Crock Shoes removable and replaceable insoles, Crock Shoes and Crock Shoesextra insoles are Crock Shoes often added for comfort or health reasons (to control the shape, moisture, or smell of the shoe). Outsole The outsole is the layer in direct contact with the Crock Shoes ground. Dress shoes have leather outsoles; casual or work-oriented shoes have outsoles made of natural Crock Shoes rubber or Crock Shoes a synthetic imitation. The outsole may Crock Shoes comprise a single piece, Osiris Shoes or Crock Shoes may comprise separate Crock Shoes pieces of different materials. Often the heel of the sole is rubber for durability and traction, while the front is leather Crock Shoes for style. Specialized shoes will often have modifications on this design: athletic cleats have spikes embedded in the outsole to grip the ground; Crock Shoes many kinds of dancing shoes have Crock Shoes much Crock Shoes softer or harder soles. Midsole The layer in between the outsole and the insole that is typically Crock Shoes there for shock absorption. Some types of Crock Shoes shoes, like running shoes, have another Crock Shoes material for shock absorption, usually beneath the heel where one puts the most pressure down. Different Crock Shoes companies use different materials for the midsoles of their shoes. Some shoes may not have a midsole at all. Heel Women's fashion boots The bottom rear part of a shoe is the heel. Its function is to support the heel of the foot. They are often made of the same material as the sole of the shoe. This part can Crock Shoes be high for fashion or to make the person look taller, or flat Crock Shoes for a more practical use. Vamp, or Crock Shoes upper Any shoe has an upper part that Crock Shoes helps hold the shoe onto the foot. In the simplest cases, such as sandals or flip flops, this may be nothing more than a Crock Shoes few straps for holding the sole in place. Closed footwear, such as boots, sneakers and most men's shoes, will have a more complex upper. This part is often decorated or is made inCrock Shoesa certain style to look attractive. The U.S. Patent Crock Shoes 3,355,535 , from 1967, describes a method for producing a shoe-upper (Hain 1967). Accessories to shoes Shoehorn: can be used to insert a foot into a shoe by keeping the shoe open and providing a smooth surface for the foot to Crock Shoes slide upon. Shoe tree: placed inside the shoe when user is Crock Shoes not wearing it, to help maintain the Crock Shoes shoe's shape. Shoe polishing equipment: Shoe polish: a waxy material spread on shoes to improve appearance, glossiness, andCrock Shoesprovide protection. Shoe brush and Crock Shoes polishing cloth: used to apply polish to shoes. Overshoes or galoshes: a rubber covering placed over shoes for rain and Crock Shoes snow protection. (Orthopedic) shoe insert: insert Crock Shoes of various materials Crock Shoes for cushioning, improved fit, or reduced abrasion. These include Crock Shoes padding and Crock Shoes inner linings. Inserts may also be used to correct foot problems. Shoe bag: a bag that protects shoes against Crock Shoes damage when they are not being worn. Shoe stretcher: a tool for making Crock Shoes a shoe longer or wider or for reducing discomfort in areas of a shoe. Snow shoe: a wooden or leather piece which increases theCrock Shoesarea of ground covered by the shoe. Shoelaces: a system used to secure shoes. Types of shoes Shoes made from real crocodile skin, in a conservation exhibit atCrock ShoesBristol Zoo, Crock Shoes England. Dress and Crock Shoes casual shoes Dress Crock Shoes shoes are categorized by smooth and supple leather uppers, leather soles, and narrow sleek figure. Casual Crock Shoes shoes are characterized by sturdy leather uppers, non-leather outsoles, and wide profile. Some designs of dress shoes can Crock Shoes be worn by either gender. The majority of Crock Shoes dress shoes have an Crock Shoes upper covering, commonly made of leather, enclosing most of Crock Shoes the lower foot, but not covering the ankles. This upper part of the shoe is Crock Shoes often made without apertures or openings, but may Crock Shoes also be made with openings or even itself consist Crock Shoes of a series of straps, e.g. an open toe featured in women's shoes. Shoes with uppers made high to cover the ankles are also available; a shoe with the upper rising above the ankle is usually Crock Shoes considered a boot but Crock Shoes certain styles may be Crock Shoes referred to as high-topped shoes or high-tops. Usually, a high-topped shoe is secured by laces or zippers, although some Crock Shoes styles have elastic inserts to ease slipping Crock Shoes the shoe on. Men's shoes Men's Crock Shoes shoes can be categorized by how they are closed: Balmorals: the vamp has Crock Shoes a V-shaped slit to which Crock Shoes the laces are Crock Shoes attached; also known as "closed lacing". In England, Crock Shoes the balmoral is known as the Oxford. The Crock Shoes word "Oxford" is used by American clothing companies to market shoes that are not balmorals, such as Crock Shoes rubber-sole Crock Shoes bluchers. Bluchers: the laces are Crock Shoes tied Crock Shoes to two pieces of leather independently Crock Shoes attached to the vamp; also Crock Shoes known as "open lacing". In England, the Blucher is known as the Derby shoe. Monk-straps: a buckle and strap instead of lacing Various other closings exist but are less Crock Shoes popular such as side-elastic closings. Men's shoes can also be decorated in various ways: Plain-toes: have a sleek appearance and no extra decorations on Crock Shoes the vamp. Cap-toes: has an extra layer of leather that "caps" the toe. This is Crock Shoes possibly the most popular decoration. Brogues (American: wing-tips): The toe of the shoe is Crock Shoes covered Crock Shoes with a Crock Shoes perforated panel, Crock Shoes the wing-tip, which extends down either side of Crock Shoes the shoe. Brogues can be found in both balmoral and blucher Crock Shoes styles. Please help improve this section by expanding it. Further information might be found on the talk page or at requests for expansion. The tone or style of this article or section may not be appropriate for Wikipedia. Specific concerns may be found on the talk page. See Wikipedia's guide to writing Crock Shoes better articles Crock Shoes for suggestions.(December 2007) Women's shoes There is a large variety ofCrock Shoesshoes available for women, in Crock Shoes addition to most of the men's styles being more accepted as unisex. Some broad categories are: Pumps, known in the US and UK as ballerinas, ballet pumps or skimmers, are shoes with a very Crock Shoes low heel and a relatively short vamp, exposing much of the instep. They are popular for warm-weather wear, and may be seen as more comfortable than shoes with a higher heel. High heels may be shoes with heels 2 inches (5 Crock Shoes cm) or Crock Shoes higher. They are often seen as having more sex appeal than low heels (see article for discussion) and are thus commonly worn by Crock Shoes women for formal occasions or social outings. Sneaker boot and sneaker pump: a shoe that looks like an athletic shoe, but is equipped with Crock Shoes aCrock Shoesheel, making it a kind of novelty Crock Shoes dress shoe. Either gender Women's sandals Clog Platform shoe: shoe with very thick soles Crock Shoes and heels Moccasin: originated by Native Americans, Crock Shoes a soft shoe without a heel and usually madeCrock Shoesof leather. Sandals: open Crock Shoes shoes consisting of Crock Shoes a sole and various straps, leaving much of the foot exposed to air. They are thus popular for warm-weather wear, because they let the foot be Crock Shoes cooler than a closed-toed Crock Shoes shoe would. Saddle shoe: leather shoe with a contrasting saddle-shaped band over the instep, Crock Shoes typically white uppers with black "saddle". Loafer: Crock Shoes a dress or casual Crock Shoes shoe without laces; often with tassels, buckles, or coin-holders (penny loafers). Boating shoes, also known as boat shoes and deck shoes: Crock Shoes similar to Crock Shoes a loafer, but more Crock Shoes casual. Laces, if present, are usually simple leatherCrock Shoes(often two-tone) with no frills. Often made of canvas or featuring a white sole. They have soft soles/heels to avoid marring Crock Shoes or scratching a boat deck. Boots: Long shoes Crock Shoes (covering the ankle) frequently made Crock Shoes of leather. Some Crock Shoes are designed to be Crock Shoes used in times of bad weather, or simply as an alternateCrock Shoesstyle of casual or dress wear. Styles include Crock Shoes rubber boots and snow Crock Shoes boots, Crock Shoes as well Crock Shoes as Crock Shoes work boots and hiking Crock Shoes boots. Slippers: For indoor use, commonly worn with pajamas. Athletic shoes Men's and women's athletic shoes and special function shoes often have less difference between the sexes than Crock Shoes in dress shoes. In many cases these shoes can be worn by either sex. Emphasis Crock Shoes tends to be more on function than style. Sneakers/trainers (also called gym shoes or tennis shoes): general purpose athletic shoes; made out of rubber, cloth, and/or plastic to be lightweight, flexible, and have good traction. Special varieties are available for basketball or tennis. Running shoes: very similar to Crock Shoes above, with additional emphasis on cushioning. Track shoes: lightweight; often with plastic or metal Crock Shoes cleats A shoe for the right foot. Cleat (shoe): a type of shoe featuring molded or removable studs. Usually worn while playing sports such as rugby, Crock Shoes football, American football, or baseball. A shoe for the right foot. Golf shoes: with "spikes" for better grip in grass and wet ground. Originally the spikes or "cleats" Crock Shoes were made of metal but replaceable "soft spikes" made of synthetic plastic-like materials Crock Shoes with prongs distributed radially around the edge of each spike are Crock Shoes much more common today (and are required on many golf courses since they cause less Crock Shoes damage to the greens). Bowling shoes: intermediate style between ordinary dress shoes and athletic shoes. They have harder rubber soles/heels so as not to damage bowling alley floors. They Crock Shoes are often rented Crock Shoes or loaned at bowling alleys. Climbing shoes: a shoe designed for rock climbing. They typically have a close fit, little if Crock Shoes any padding, and a smooth Crock Shoes sticky Crock Shoes rubber sole Crock Shoes with an Crock Shoes extended rubber rand. Hiking shoes or boots: usually Crock Shoes have a high somewhat Crock Shoes stiff upper with many lace eyelets, to provide ankleCrock Shoessupport on uneven terrain, with extra large traction Crock Shoes on the sole. Walking shoes: have a more flexible sole than the running shoe, lighter in weight Crock Shoes than the hiking boot, may have air holes, may not be water proof. Skating shoes: typically called skates. They have various attachments for skating on the bottom of the shoe portion. Ice skates Roller skates Inline skates Ski boot: a large, thick plastic Crock Shoes boot Crock Shoes specially designed for attachment Crock Shoes to the ski. Skateboarding shoes Crock Shoes have flat soles for a better grip on a Crock Shoes skateboard. Crock Shoes They are Crock Shoes very wide and have extra layers of Crock Shoes padding to protect the skateboarders feet. Cycling shoes are equipped Crock Shoes with a metal or plastic cleat to interface with clipless pedals, as well as a stiff sole to maximize power transfer and support the foot. Snowshoes are special shoes Crock Shoes for walking in Crock Shoes thick Crock Shoes snow. In temperate climates, snowshoes are used for mostly recreational purposes in winter. Wrestling shoes Crock Shoes are light, flexible shoes that mimic bare feet while providing additional traction and protection. Orthopedic shoes Orthopedic or "comfort" shoes are made with pedorthic and anatomically-correct comfort qualities, such as padded removable footbeds, wide toe boxes and arch support are made especially for those with problematic feet. Dance Crock Shoes shoes Pointe shoes. Designed for ballet dancing. These have a toe box that is stiffened with glue and a hardened sole so the dancer can stand on the tips of their toes. They are secured by elastic straps and ribbons that are tied to the dancer's ankles. Ballet shoes Heel-less slippers made of canvas Crock Shoes or leather, with either Crock Shoes continuous or two-part sole (i.e., split-sole). The sole is typically made of leather, with thicker material under the ball and heel of the foot, and thinner and thus more flexible material under the arch so that the foot can be pointed to its utmost. Ballet slippers are Crock Shoes usually secured by elastics that cross over the top of the foot. They are most commonly pink, white, black, or pale tan, Crock Shoes although they may be made in specialty colours such as red or blue. Jazz shoes. These typically have a two-part, rubberized sole (i.e., split-sole) to provide both Crock Shoes flexibility and traction, and a low (one inch or shorter) heel. They are secured to the Crock Shoes foot by laces or elastic inserts. Tango/flamenco Crock Shoes dance shoes. Ballroom shoes. They fall into two categories for the two genres of dances Crock Shoes as defined by the IDSF (International DanceSport Federation): Ballroom and Latin American. Both are characterised by suede soles.Crock ShoesMens' Ballroom shoes are typically lace-ups with Crock Shoes 1-inch heels and patent leather uppers. Ladies' Ballroom shoes are typically Crock Shoes court shoes with low 2-inch heels, usually made of fabric so that they can be finished with a greater variety of colours to match the dancer's dress. The low Ballroom heel distributes the dancer's weight across the foot while Latin American shoes have Crock Shoes higher heels designed to throw the dancer's weight on to the toes and the soles are more flexible. Men's Latin shoes typically have 1.5-inch to 2-inch shapedCrock Shoesheels while Ladies' Latin shoes have 2,5-inch to 3-inch heels, open-toed and strapped. Dance sneakers. Also known as dansneakers, these are a combination of a Crock Shoes sneaker and Crock Shoes a dance Crock Shoes shoe, Crock Shoes with a Crock Shoes reinforced rubber toe. Character shoes. Crock Shoes Shoes with a one to three inch heel, which are usually made of leather, and often have one or more straps across the Crock Shoes instep to secure the foot during Crock Shoes dance. They may come in soft-soled (suede) or hard-soled varieties. They may be converted to Crock Shoes tap shoes Crock Shoes by attaching taps. Foot thongs. Variously called called Foot Paws and FootUndeez, depending on the manufacturer, these are slip-on, partial foot covers that protect the ball of a dancer's foot Crock Shoes from Crock Shoes Winter Shoes skin abrasions while executing turns. From a Crock Shoes distance, flesh colored foot thongs give a dancer the appearance of having bare feet. Modern pointe shoes. Ballet shoes. Jazz shoes.Crock ShoesThis style is frequently worn by acro dancers. A foot thong, viewed from the underside. Work shoes Work shoes Crock Shoes are designed to stand heavy wear, to protect Crock Shoes the wearer, and provide high traction. They are generally made from sturdy leather uppers and non-leather outsoles. Sometimes they are used for uniforms or comfort by nurses, waitresses, police, military personnel, Crock Shoes etc. They are commonly used for protection in industrial settings, construction, mining, and other workplaces. Protective features Crock Shoes may Crock Shoes include steel-tipped toes and soles or ankle guards. Historical shoes Footwear has been worn for tens Crock Shoes of thousands of years. Shoes of the past include: Espadrilles: these sandals, which are still worn today, are found as early as the 14th century. Patten: a European wooden overshoe used to keep a Crock Shoes person's feet dry outdoors. First worn in the middle ages, they continued in use even into the early Crock Shoes 20th century. Poulaine: a shoe with a long-pointed toe, popular in Europe in the 1400s. Moccasins: the historical shoeCrock Shoesof Crock Shoes many North American Indian tribes. Maintenance Breaking-in: Some shoes are made Crock Shoes of hard but deformable material. After a person wears them multiple times, the material reforms to fit the wearer's feet. The person is said to Crock Shoes have broken in the shoes. Polishing: for protection, water resistance (to some extent) and appearance, especially for leather shoes and boots. Heel replacement: heels periodically wear out.Crock ShoesNot all shoes are designed to enable this. Sole replacement: soles also wear Crock Shoes out. Not Crock Shoes all shoes can have their soles replaced. Shoelace replacement. When Crock Shoes unfit for use, shoes can be treated as trash or municipal solid waste and disposed of. The exception can be with most athletic sneakers which can be recycled and Crock Shoes turned into other raw materials. Crock Shoes See Nike Grind as an example. Someone who makes or repairs shoes in a shop is called a Crock Shoes cobbler. Shoe etiquette In most parts of the world (Asia, Eastern Europe, parts Crock Shoes of the Middle Crock Shoes East and Africa, much of Northern Europe and Canada, as Crock Shoes well as Alaska) it is customary to remove shoes when entering a house. In some areas of the United States, especially the Midwest, it Crock Shoes is expected that visitors remove their shoes unless a host specifically invites them to leave Crock Shoes their shoes on. People do this to avoid bringing dirt, mud or snow into the house. For some societies, including those in Asia, indoor footwear may be provided for guests. In the Middle East, parts of Africa, Korea and Thailand, it is Crock Shoes considered Crock Shoes rude to show the soles of the feet to Crock Shoes others (even accidentally, such as by crossing the legs). In addition, in Thailand, Crock Shoes it is an extreme insult for the foot, socks, or shoes to touch someone's head or be Crock Shoes placed over it. Although feet touching headsCrock Shoesis an extremely rare occurrenceCrock Shoesin any society, some Muay Thai boxers Crock Shoes insult each other by "kicking" the opponent's head with their foot (most Crock Shoes Muay Thai kicks are executed with the shin).Crock Shoes |