Inference
A process in which one draws a conclusion using probabilistic principles on the basis of a certain body of evidence (induction), or from premises using a set of logical rules (deduction); also the conclusion so drawn.

†Induction
Reasoning from one or some instances, specific cases and events, to a general principle which can be applied to other cases or to a whole category, probabilistic in nature.

Inductive argument
An argument in which the evidence presented provides good grounds for thinking the conclusion is probably true, but without completely ruling out the possibility that the conclusion may be false even if the evidence provided is excellent.

(see also: argument, fallacy, logic)