An employer is a person or institution that Job Transfer Request hires employees or workers. Employers offer wages or a salary to the workers in exchange for the worker's labor power, depending upon Job Transfer Request whether the employee is paid by the hour or a set rate Job Transfer Request per pay period. A salaried employee is typically not Job Transfer Request paid more Job Transfer Request for more hours worked than the minimum, whereas wages are paid for Job Transfer Request all hours worked, including Job Transfer Request overtime.
Employers include everything from individuals hiring a babysitter to governments and Job Transfer Request businesses which may hire many thousands of employees. In Job Transfer Request most western societies governments are Job Transfer Request the largest single employers, but most of the work force is employed in small and medium Job Transfer Request businesses Job Transfer Request in the private sector.
Note that although employees may contribute to the evolution of an an enterprise, the employer maintains autonomous control over the productive base of land and capital, and is the entity named in contracts. The employer typically also maintains ownership Job Transfer Request of intellectual property created by an employee within the scope of employment and Job Transfer Request as a function thereof. These are known as "works for Job Transfer Request hire".
An employers� relative level of power Job Transfer Request over employees is dependent upon numerous factors; the most influential being the nature of the employment relationship. The relationship Online Part Time Job employers share with Job Transfer Request employees is affected by three significant factors � interests, control and motivation. It is up to employers to effectively manage Job Transfer Request and balance these factors to ensure a harmonious Job Transfer Request and productive Job Transfer Request working relationship.
The balance of economic efficiency and social equity is Job Transfer Request the ultimate debate in the field Medical Record Job Description of employment relations. By meeting the needs of Job Core Locations the employer; generating profits to establish and maintain Job Transfer Request economic efficiency; whilst maintaining a balance with the employee and creating social equity that benefits Job Transfer Request the worker so that he/she can fund and enjoy healthy living; proves to be a continuous revolving issue in westernised societies.
Globalisation has effected these issues by creating certain Job Transfer Request economic factors that disallow or allow various employment Blow Job Drink issues. Economist Edward Lee (1996) Job Transfer Request studies the effects of globalisation and summarizes the Job Transfer Request four Job Transfer Request major points of concern that effect employment relations: (1) International competition, from the newly industrialized Job Transfer Request countries, will cause unemployment growth and increased wage disparity for unskilled workers in Job Transfer Request industrialized countries. Job Transfer Request Imports from low-wage countries exert pressure on the manufacturing sector in industrialized countries and foreign direct investment (FDI) is attracted away from the industrialized nations, towards low-waged countries. (2) Economic liberalization will result in unemployment and wage inequality in developing countries. This happens Job Transfer Request as job losses in un-competitive industries outstrip job opportunities in new industries. Workers will be forced to accept worsening wages and conditions, as a global labour market results in a �race to Job Transfer Request the bottom�. Increased international Educational Technology Director Job Description competition creates a Job Transfer Request pressure to reduce the wages and conditions of workers. Globalization reduces the autonomy of the nation state. Capital is Job Transfer Request increasingly mobile and the ability of the state to regulate economic activity is reduced.
What also result�s Job Transfer Request to Lee�s (1996) findings is that in industrialized countries an average of almost 70 per cent of workers are employed in the service sector, most of which consists of non-tradable activities. As a result workers are either forced to become more skilled Job Transfer Request an develop sought after trades or Job Transfer Request become Job Transfer Request of this sector. Ultimately this is a result of changes Job Transfer Request and trends of employment, Job Transfer Request an evolving workforce and Job Transfer Request globalisation Job Transfer Request that is represented by a more skilled and increasing highly diverse labour force, that are Job Transfer Request growing in Job Transfer Request non standard forms of Job Transfer Request employment
Interests can be best described as monetary constraints and economic pressures placed on organizations in their pursuit of profits. It covers facets such as labour productivity, wages and Job Transfer Request the effect of Job Transfer Request financial markets on businesses.
Wood et al (2004, Job Transfer Request p 355) describe Job Transfer Request control can as being either output focused, focusing on desired targets with within managers defining, and using, their own methods for reaching targets, or process controls, which specify the manner in which tasks will be Job Transfer Request achieved (Ibid, p. Job Transfer Request 357). Job Transfer Request Employer and managerial control within an organization rests at many levels and has important implications Free Blank Job Application for staff and productivity alike, with control forming the fundamental link between desired Job Transfer Request outcomes and actual processes. Thus Job Transfer Request employers must balance interests such as decreasing wage constraints with a maximization of labour productivity in order to achieve a prolific employment relationship.
Motivation is the third and most difficult of the factors in the employment relationship Job Transfer Request for employers to effectively manage. Employee motivation can often be in direct conflict with control mechanisms of employers, and can be broadly defined Job Transfer Request as that which energizes, directs and sustains human Job Transfer Request behaviour ( Stone, 2005, p 412). Dubin (1958, Job Transfer Request p 213) further elaborates on this, noting motivation as �something that moves Job Transfer Request a person to Job Transfer Request action, Job Transfer Request and continues him in the course of action already Job Transfer Request initiated.�
The employment relationship is thus a difficult challenge for employers to manage, as all three facets are Job Transfer Request often in Job Transfer Request direct competition Job Transfer Request with Job Transfer Request each other, with interests, control and motivation often clashing in the equally important quest for individual employee autonomy Job Transfer Request ,employer command and ultimate profits. |
