An employer is a Free Blank Job Application person Free Blank Job Application or institution that hires employees or workers. Employers offer Free Blank Job Application wages or a salary to the workers in exchange for the worker's Free Blank Job Application labor power, depending upon Free Blank Job Application whether the employee is paid by Free Blank Job Application the hour or a set rate per pay period. A salaried employee Online Part Time Job is typically not paid more for more hours worked than the minimum, whereas wages Free Blank Job Application are paid for all Free Blank Job Application hours worked, including overtime.
Employers include everything from individuals hiring a babysitter Free Blank Job Application to governments Free Blank Job Application and businesses which may hire many Free Blank Job Application thousands of employees. In most western societies governments are the largest single employers, but most of the Free Blank Job Application work force is employed in small and medium businesses in the private sector.
Note that although employees may contribute to the evolution of an an enterprise, the employer maintains Free Blank Job Application autonomous control over the productive base Free Blank Job Application of land and capital, and is the entity named Free Blank Job Application in contracts. The employer typically also maintains ownership of intellectual property created by an employee Free Blank Job Application within the scope of employment and as a function thereof. These are Free Blank Job Application known Medical Record Job Description as "works for hire".
An employers� relative level Free Blank Job Application of power over Free Blank Job Application employees is dependent upon numerous factors; the most influential being the nature of the employment Free Blank Job Application relationship. The relationship employers share with employees is affected by Free Blank Job Application three significant factors Free Blank Job Application � interests, control and motivation. It is up to employers Free Blank Job Application to effectively manage Free Blank Job Application and balance Free Blank Job Application these factors to Free Blank Job Application ensure a harmonious and productive Free Blank Job Application working relationship.
The balance Free Blank Job Application of economic efficiency and social Free Blank Job Application equity Free Blank Job Application is the ultimate debate Job Core Locations in the field of employment relations. Free Blank Job Application By meeting the needs of the employer; generating profits to establish and maintain economic efficiency; whilst maintaining a balance with the employee and creating social equity that benefits the worker so that he/she can fund and enjoy healthy living; proves to be Free Blank Job Application a continuous revolving issue in westernised societies.
Globalisation has Free Blank Job Application effected these issues by creating certain economic factors that disallow or allow various employment issues. Economist Edward Lee (1996) studies the effects of globalisation and summarizes the four major points of concern that effect employment relations: (1) International competition, from the newly industrialized Free Blank Job Application countries, will cause unemployment growth Free Blank Job Application and increased wage disparity for unskilled workers in industrialized countries. Imports from low-wage countries exert pressure on the Free Blank Job Application manufacturing Free Blank Job Application sector in industrialized countries and Free Blank Job Application foreign direct investment (FDI) is attracted away from the industrialized nations, towards low-waged countries. (2) Economic liberalization will Free Blank Job Application result Free Blank Job Application in unemployment and wage inequality in developing countries. This happens as job losses in un-competitive industries Free Blank Job Application outstrip job opportunities in new industries. Free Blank Job Application Workers will be forced to accept worsening wages and conditions, as a Free Blank Job Application global labour market results in a �race to the bottom�. Increased international competition creates a pressure to reduce the wages and conditions of workers. Globalization reduces the autonomy of Free Blank Job Application the nation state. Capital is increasingly mobile and the ability of the state to regulate economic activity is reduced.
What also result�s to Lee�s (1996) findings is that in industrialized countries an average of almost Free Blank Job Application 70 per Free Blank Job Application cent of workers are employed in Free Blank Job Application the service sector, most of which consists Free Blank Job Application of non-tradable activities. As a result workers are either forced to become more skilled an develop sought after trades or become of this sector. Ultimately this is a result of changes and trends of employment, an evolving workforce and globalisation that is represented Free Blank Job Application by a more skilled and increasing highly diverse labour force, that are growing in non standard forms of employment
Interests can be best Free Blank Job Application described as monetary constraints and economic pressures placed on organizations in their pursuit of Free Blank Job Application profits. It covers facets such Free Blank Job Application as labour productivity, wages Free Blank Job Application and the effect of financial markets on businesses.
Wood et al (2004, p 355) describe control can as being either output focused, focusing on desired Free Blank Job Application targets with within managers defining, and Free Blank Job Application using, their own methods for reaching targets, Blow Job Drink or process controls, which specify the manner in which tasks Free Blank Job Application will be achieved (Ibid, Free Blank Job Application p. 357). Employer and managerial control within an organization rests at many levels and has important implications for staff and productivity alike, with control forming Free Blank Job Application the fundamental link between desired outcomes and actual processes. Thus employers must balance interests such as decreasing wage constraints Free Blank Job Application with a maximization of labour productivity in order to achieve a prolific employment relationship.
Motivation is the Free Blank Job Application third and most difficult of the factors in the Free Blank Job Application employment relationship for employers to effectively manage. Employee motivation can often be in direct conflict with control mechanisms of employers, Free Blank Job Application and can Educational Technology Director Job Description be broadly defined as that which energizes, directs and sustains human behaviour ( Stone, Free Blank Job Application 2005, p 412). Dubin (1958, Free Blank Job Application p 213) further elaborates on this, noting motivation as �something that moves a person to action, and continues him in the course Free Blank Job Application of action already initiated.�
The employment relationship is thus a difficult challenge for employers to manage, as all three facets are often in direct competition with Free Blank Job Application each other, Free Blank Job Application with interests, control and motivation often clashing in the equally important quest for individual employee autonomy ,employer command and ultimate profits. |
