The earliest Adidas Shoes known shoes date from about 8000 to 7000 BCE and Adidas Shoes were found in Oregon, USA in 1938[1]. However, the materials used for making shoes do not normally last for thousands of years, so shoes were probably in use long before this. Physical anthropologist Erik Trinkaus believes Adidas Shoes he has found evidence that the use of shoes began in the period between about 40,000 and 26,000 Adidas Shoes years ago, based on the fact that the thickness of Adidas Shoes the bones of Adidas Shoes the Adidas Shoes toes (other than the big toe) decreased during this period, Adidas Shoes on the premise Adidas Shoes that going barefoot results in greater bone growth before this period.[1]
Parts of a Adidas Shoes shoe
Gluing a new outsole to an athletic shoe
Sole
The bottom of a shoe is called the sole.
Insole
The insole is the interior bottom of a shoe, Adidas Shoes which sits directly beneath the foot. Many shoes have removable and replaceable insoles, and extra insoles are often added Adidas Shoes for comfort or health reasons (to control the shape, Adidas Shoes moisture, Adidas Shoes or smell of Adidas Shoes the shoe).
Outsole
The outsole is the layer in direct contact with Adidas Shoes the ground. Adidas Shoes Dress shoes have leather outsoles; casual or work-oriented shoes have Adidas Shoes outsoles Adidas Shoes made of natural rubber or Adidas Shoes a synthetic imitation. The outsole may comprise a single Adidas Shoes piece, Adidas Shoes or Adidas Shoes may comprise Adidas Shoes separate pieces Adidas Shoes of different materials. Often the heel of the sole is rubber for durability and traction, while the front is leather for style. Specialized shoes will often have modifications on this design: athletic cleats have spikes embedded in the outsole to grip the ground; many kinds of dancing shoes have much softer or harder soles.
Midsole
The layer in between the outsole and the insole Adidas Shoes that is typically there for shock absorption. Some types of shoes, like running shoes, have another material for shock absorption, usually beneath the heel where one puts the Adidas Shoes most pressure down. Different companies use different materials for the midsoles of their shoes. Some shoes may not have Adidas Shoes a Safety Shoes midsole at all.
Heel
Women's fashion boots
The bottom Adidas Shoes rear part of a shoe is the heel. Its function Adidas Shoes is to support the heel of Adidas Shoes the foot. They are often made of the same material as the sole of the shoe. This part can be high for fashion or Adidas Shoes to make the person look taller, or flat for a more practical use.
Vamp, or upper
Any shoe has an upper part that helps hold Adidas Shoes the shoe onto the foot. In the simplest cases, such as sandals or flip flops, this may be nothing more Adidas Shoes than a few straps for holding the Mephisto Shoes sole in place. Closed footwear, Adidas Shoes such as Adidas Shoes boots, sneakers and most men's shoes, will Adidas Shoes have a more complex upper. This part is often decorated or is made in a certain style to look attractive. The Ellie Shoes U.S. Patent 3,355,535 , from 1967, describes a method for producing a shoe-upper (Hain 1967).
Accessories to shoes
Shoehorn: can be used to insert a foot into a shoe by keeping the shoe open and providing Adidas Shoes a Adidas Shoes smooth Adidas Shoes surface for the foot to slide upon.
Shoe tree: placed Adidas Shoes inside the shoe when user is not wearing it, to help maintain the Adidas Shoes shoe's shape.
Shoe polishing equipment:
Shoe polish: a waxy material spread on shoes to improve appearance, glossiness, and provide protection.
Shoe brush and polishing cloth: used to apply polish to shoes.
Overshoes or galoshes: a rubber covering placed over shoes for rain and snow protection.
(Orthopedic) shoe insert: insert of various materials for cushioning, improved fit, or reduced abrasion. These include padding and inner linings. Inserts may also be used to correct foot problems.
Shoe bag: a bag that protects shoes against damage when they are not being worn.
Shoe stretcher: a tool Adidas Shoes for making a Adidas Shoes shoe longer or wider or for reducing Adidas Shoes discomfort in areas Adidas Shoes of Adidas Shoes a shoe.
Snow shoe: a wooden or leather piece which increases the area of ground covered by the shoe.
Shoelaces: a system used to secure Adidas Shoes shoes.
Types of shoes
Shoes made from real crocodile skin, Adidas Shoes in a conservation exhibit at Bristol Zoo, England.
Dress Swim Shoes and casual Adidas Shoes shoes
Dress shoes are categorized by smooth and supple leather uppers, leather soles, and narrow Adidas Shoes sleek figure. Casual shoes are characterized by sturdy leather uppers, non-leather outsoles, Adidas Shoes and wide profile.
Some designs of dress shoes can be worn by Cole Haan Shoes either gender. The majority of dress shoes have an Adidas Shoes upper covering, commonly made of leather, enclosing Adidas Shoes most of the lower foot, but not covering the ankles. This Adidas Shoes upper Adidas Shoes part of the shoe is often made without apertures or openings, but may also be made with openings or even itself Adidas Shoes consist of a series of straps, e.g. an open toe featured in women's shoes. Shoes with uppers made high to cover the ankles are also Adidas Shoes available; a shoe with the upper rising above the ankle is usually considered a boot but certain styles may be referred to as high-topped shoes or high-tops. Usually, a high-topped shoe is secured Adidas Shoes by laces or zippers, although some styles have elastic inserts to ease slipping the shoe on.
Men's Adidas Shoes shoes
Men's shoes can be categorized Adidas Shoes by how they are closed:
Balmorals: the vamp has a V-shaped slit to which the laces are attached; Adidas Shoes also known as "closed lacing". In England, the balmoral Adidas Shoes is known as the Oxford. The word "Oxford" is used by American clothing companies to market shoes Adidas Shoes that are not balmorals, Adidas Shoes such as rubber-sole bluchers.
Bluchers: the laces Adidas Shoes are tied to two pieces of leather independently Adidas Shoes attached to the vamp; also known as "open lacing". In England, the Blucher is known as the Derby shoe.
Monk-straps: a buckle and Adidas Shoes strap instead Adidas Shoes of lacing
Various other closings Adidas Shoes exist but Adidas Shoes are less Adidas Shoes popular such Adidas Shoes as side-elastic closings.
Men's shoes can also be decorated in various ways:
Plain-toes: have a sleek appearance and no extra Adidas Shoes decorations on the Adidas Shoes vamp.
Cap-toes: has an extra layer of leather that "caps" the toe. This is possibly the most popular decoration.
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Brogues (American: Adidas Shoes wing-tips): The toe of the shoe is covered with a perforated panel, the wing-tip, which extends down either side Adidas Shoes of the shoe. Brogues can be found in both balmoral and blucher styles. Please help improve this section by expanding it.
Further information Adidas Shoes might be found on the Adidas Shoes talk page or at requests for expansion.
The tone or style of this article or section may not Adidas Shoes be appropriate for Wikipedia.
Specific concerns may be found on the talk page. See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles for suggestions.(December 2007)
Women's shoes
There Adidas Shoes is a large variety of shoes available for women, in addition to most of the men's styles being more Adidas Shoes accepted as unisex. Some broad categories are:
Pumps, known in the US and UK as ballerinas, ballet pumps or skimmers, are shoes with a Adidas Shoes very low heel and a Adidas Shoes relatively short vamp, exposing much Adidas Shoes of the instep. They are popular for warm-weather Adidas Shoes wear, and may be seen as more comfortable than shoes with Adidas Shoes a higher heel.
High heels may be shoes Adidas Shoes with Adidas Shoes heels 2 inches (5 cm) or higher. They are often seen Adidas Shoes as having more sex appeal than low Adidas Shoes heels (see article for Adidas Shoes discussion) Adidas Shoes and are thus commonly worn by women for formal occasions Adidas Shoes or social outings.
Sneaker boot and sneaker pump: a shoe that looks like an athletic shoe, but is equipped with a heel, making it a kind of Adidas Shoes novelty dress shoe.
Either gender
Women's sandals
Clog
Platform shoe: shoe with very thick Adidas Shoes soles and heels
Moccasin: originated by Native Americans, Adidas Shoes a soft shoe without a heel and Adidas Shoes usually made of leather.
Sandals: open shoes consisting of a sole and various straps, leaving much of the foot exposed to air. They are thus popular for warm-weather wear, because Adidas Shoes they let the foot be cooler than a closed-toed shoe would.
Saddle shoe: leather shoe with a contrasting saddle-shaped band over the instep, typically white uppers with black "saddle".
Loafer: a dress or casual shoe without laces; often with tassels, buckles, Adidas Shoes or coin-holders (penny loafers).
Boating shoes, also known as boat shoes and deck shoes: similar Adidas Shoes to a loafer, Adidas Shoes but more casual. Laces, if present, are usually simple leather (often two-tone) with no frills. Often made of canvas Adidas Shoes or featuring a white sole. They have soft soles/heels to avoid marring or scratching a Adidas Shoes boat deck.
Boots: Long shoes (covering the ankle) frequently made of leather. Some are designed to be used in Adidas Shoes times of bad weather, or simply as an alternate Adidas Shoes style of casual or dress wear. Styles include rubber boots and snow boots, as well as work boots and hiking boots.
Slippers: For indoor use, commonly worn with pajamas.
Athletic shoes
Men's and women's athletic shoes and special function shoes often have less difference between the sexes than in dress shoes. In many cases these shoes can be worn by either sex. Emphasis tends to be Adidas Shoes more on function than style.
Sneakers/trainers (also called gym shoes or tennis shoes): general purpose athletic shoes; made out of rubber, cloth, and/or plastic to be lightweight, flexible, and have good traction. Special varieties are available for basketball or tennis.
Running shoes: very similar to above, with additional emphasis on cushioning.
Track shoes: Adidas Shoes lightweight; often with plastic or metal cleats
A Adidas Shoes shoe for the right foot.
Cleat (shoe): a type of shoe featuring molded or removable studs. Usually worn while playing sports such as rugby, football, American football, or baseball.
A shoe for the right foot.
Golf shoes: with "spikes" Adidas Shoes for better grip in Adidas Shoes grass and wet ground. Adidas Shoes Originally the spikes or "cleats" were made of metal but replaceable "soft spikes" made of synthetic plastic-like materials with prongs distributed radially around the edge of each Adidas Shoes spike are much more common today (and are required on many golf courses since they cause less damage to the greens).
Bowling shoes: intermediate style between ordinary dress Adidas Shoes shoes and Adidas Shoes athletic shoes. They Adidas Shoes have harder rubber soles/heels so as not to damage bowling Adidas Shoes alley floors. They are often rented or loaned at bowling alleys.
Climbing shoes: a shoe designed for rock climbing. They typically have a close fit, little if any padding, and Adidas Shoes a smooth sticky rubber sole with an extended rubber rand.
Hiking shoes Adidas Shoes or boots: usually have a high somewhat stiff upper with many lace eyelets, to provide ankle support on uneven terrain, with extra Adidas Shoes large Adidas Shoes traction on the sole.
Walking Adidas Shoes shoes: Adidas Shoes have a more flexible Adidas Shoes sole than Adidas Shoes the running shoe, lighter in weight Adidas Shoes than Adidas Shoes the Adidas Shoes hiking boot, may Adidas Shoes have air Adidas Shoes holes, may Adidas Shoes not be water Adidas Shoes proof.
Skating shoes: typically called skates. They have various Adidas Shoes attachments for skating Adidas Shoes on the bottom of the shoe Adidas Shoes portion.
Ice skates
Roller skates
Inline Adidas Shoes skates
Ski boot: a large, thick plastic boot specially designed for attachment to the ski.
Skateboarding shoes have flat soles for a better grip Prada Shoes on a skateboard. They are very wide and have Adidas Shoes extra layers of padding to protect Adidas Shoes the skateboarders feet.
Cycling shoes are equipped with a metal or plastic cleat to interface with clipless pedals, as well as a stiff sole to maximize power transfer and support the foot.
Snowshoes are special shoes for walking in thick snow. In temperate climates, snowshoes are used for mostly recreational purposes in winter.
Wrestling shoes Adidas Shoes are light, flexible shoes that mimic bare feet while providing additional traction and protection.
Orthopedic shoes
Orthopedic or "comfort" shoes Adidas Shoes are made with pedorthic and anatomically-correct comfort qualities, such as padded removable footbeds, wide toe boxes and arch support are made especially for those with problematic feet.
Dance shoes
Pointe shoes. Designed for ballet dancing. These have a toe box that is stiffened with glue Adidas Shoes and a hardened sole so the dancer can stand on the tips of their toes. They Adidas Shoes are secured by elastic straps Sofft Shoes and ribbons that are tied to the dancer's ankles.
Ballet shoes Heel-less slippers made of canvas or leather, with Adidas Shoes either continuous or two-part sole Adidas Shoes (i.e., Adidas Shoes split-sole). Adidas Shoes The Adidas Shoes sole is typically made of leather, Adidas Shoes with thicker material Adidas Shoes Tennis Shoes under the ball and heel of the foot, and thinner and thus more Adidas Shoes flexible material Adidas Shoes under the arch Stride Rite Shoes so that the foot can be pointed to its utmost. Ballet slippers Adidas Shoes are usually Adidas Shoes secured by elastics that Adidas Shoes cross over the top of the foot. They are most Adidas Shoes commonly pink, white, black, or Adidas Shoes pale tan, although Adidas Shoes they may be made in specialty colours such as red or blue.
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Jazz shoes. These typically have a two-part, rubberized sole (i.e., split-sole) Adidas Shoes to Diabetic Shoes provide Adidas Shoes both flexibility and traction, and a low (one inch or shorter) heel. They are secured to the foot by laces or elastic inserts.
Tango/flamenco dance shoes.
Ballroom shoes. They fall into two categories for the two genres of dances Adidas Shoes as defined by the Adidas Shoes IDSF (International DanceSport Federation): Ballroom Adidas Shoes and Latin American. Both are characterised by suede soles. Mens' Ballroom shoes are typically lace-ups with 1-inch heels and patent leather uppers. Ladies' Adidas Shoes Ballroom shoes are typically court Adidas Shoes shoes with low Adidas Shoes 2-inch heels, usually made of fabric so that they can Adidas Shoes be finished with a greater variety of colours to match the dancer's dress. The low Ballroom heel distributes the dancer's weight across the foot while Latin American Adidas Shoes shoes have higher heels designed to throw the dancer's weight on to the toes and the soles are more Adidas Shoes flexible. Men's Latin shoes typically have 1.5-inch to 2-inch shaped heels while Ladies' Latin shoes have 2,5-inch to 3-inch heels, open-toed and strapped.
Dance sneakers. Also known as dansneakers, Adidas Shoes these are a combination Adidas Shoes of a sneaker and a dance shoe, with Adidas Shoes a reinforced rubber toe.
Character shoes. Adidas Shoes Shoes with a one Adidas Shoes to three inch heel, which are usually made of Adidas Shoes leather, and often have one or Prom Shoes more straps across the instep Adidas Shoes to Diesel Shoes secure Adidas Shoes the foot during dance. Adidas Shoes They Adidas Shoes may come in soft-soled (suede) or hard-soled varieties. They may be converted to tap shoes by attaching taps.
Foot thongs. Variously called called Foot Paws and FootUndeez, depending on the manufacturer, these are slip-on, partial foot covers that protect the ball Adidas Shoes of a Adidas Shoes dancer's foot from skin abrasions while executing turns. From a distance, flesh colored Adidas Shoes foot thongs give a dancer the appearance of having bare feet.
Modern pointe shoes. Adidas Shoes
Ballet shoes.
Jazz shoes. This style is frequently worn by acro dancers.
A foot Adidas Shoes thong, viewed from Adidas Shoes Orthopedic Shoes the Adidas Shoes underside.
Work shoes
Work shoes are designed to stand heavy wear, to protect the wearer, and provide high traction. Adidas Shoes They are generally made from sturdy leather uppers and non-leather outsoles. Sometimes they are used for uniforms Adidas Shoes or comfort by nurses, waitresses, Adidas Shoes police, military Adidas Shoes personnel, etc. They are commonly used for protection in industrial settings, construction, mining, and other workplaces. Protective Adidas Shoes features may include steel-tipped toes and soles or Adidas Shoes ankle Adidas Shoes guards.
Historical shoes
Footwear has Adidas Shoes been worn for tens of thousands of years. Shoes Adidas Shoes of the past include:
Espadrilles: these sandals, which Adidas Shoes are still worn Adidas Shoes today, are found as early as the 14th century.
Patten: a European wooden overshoe used to keep a person's feet dry outdoors. First worn in the middle Sperry Shoes ages, they continued in use even into the early 20th century.
Poulaine: a shoe with Adidas Shoes a long-pointed toe, popular in Europe in the 1400s.
Moccasins: the historical shoe of many North American Indian tribes.
Maintenance
Breaking-in: Some shoes are made of hard but deformable material. After a person wears them multiple times, the material reforms to fit the wearer's feet. The person is said to Adidas Shoes have broken in the shoes.
Polishing: for protection, water resistance (to some extent) and appearance, especially for leather shoes and boots.
Heel replacement: heels periodically wear out. Not all shoes are designed to enable this.
Sole Adidas Shoes replacement: soles also wear out. Not all shoes can have their soles replaced.
Shoelace replacement.
When unfit for use, shoes Adidas Shoes can be Adidas Shoes treated as trash or municipal solid waste Adidas Shoes and disposed of. The exception can be with most athletic sneakers which can be recycled and turned Adidas Shoes into other raw materials. See Nike Grind as an example.
Someone Adidas Shoes who makes or repairs shoes in a shop is called a cobbler.
Shoe etiquette
In most parts of the world (Asia, Eastern Europe, parts Adidas Shoes of the Middle East and Adidas Shoes Africa, much of Northern Europe and Canada, as Adidas Shoes well as Alaska) it is customary to remove shoes when entering a house. In some areas of the United States, especially the Midwest, it is expected that visitors remove their shoes unless a host specifically invites Adidas Shoes them to leave their shoes on. People do this to avoid bringing dirt, mud or snow into the house. For some Adidas Shoes societies, including those in Adidas Shoes Asia, indoor footwear may be provided for guests.
In the Middle East, parts of Adidas Shoes Africa, Korea and Thailand, it Adidas Shoes is considered rude to show the soles of the feet to others (even accidentally, such Adidas Shoes as by crossing the legs). In addition, in Thailand, it is an extreme insult for the foot, socks, or shoes to touch someone's Adidas Shoes head or be placed over it. Although feet touching Nike Running Shoes heads is an extremely rare occurrence Adidas Shoes in any society, Adidas Shoes some Muay Thai boxers insult each other by "kicking" Adidas Shoes the opponent's head with their foot (most Muay Thai kicks are executed with Adidas Shoes the shin). |
