The earliest known shoes date from about 8000 to 7000 Karos Shoes BCE and were found in Oregon, USA in 1938[1]. However, the materials Karos Shoes used for making shoes do not Karos Shoes normally last for thousands of years, so shoes were probably in use long before this. Physical anthropologist Erik Trinkaus believes he has found evidence that the use of shoes began in the period between about 40,000 and 26,000 years ago, Karos Shoes based on the fact that the thickness of the Karos Shoes bones of the toes (other than the big toe) decreased during this period, on the premise that going barefoot results in greater bone growth before this period.[1]
Parts of a shoe
Gluing a new outsole to an athletic Karos Shoes shoe
Sole
The bottom of a shoe is called the sole.
Insole
The Karos Shoes insole is the interior bottom of a shoe, which sits directly beneath the foot. Many shoes have removable and replaceable insoles, and extra insoles are often added for comfort or health reasons (to control the shape, moisture, or smell of the shoe).
Outsole
The Karos Shoes outsole is the layer in direct contact with the ground. Dress shoes have Karos Shoes leather outsoles; casual or work-oriented shoes have outsoles made of natural rubber or a Karos Shoes synthetic imitation. The outsole may comprise a single piece, or may comprise separate pieces of different materials. Often the heel of Karos Shoes the sole is rubber for durability Gothic Shoes and traction, while the front is Karos Shoes leather for style. Specialized shoes will often have modifications on this design: athletic cleats have spikes embedded in Karos Shoes the outsole to grip the ground; many kinds of dancing Karos Shoes shoes have much Karos Shoes softer or harder soles.
Midsole
The layer Karos Shoes in between the outsole and the insole that is typically there for shock absorption. Some types of Karos Shoes shoes, like running shoes, have another Karos Shoes material for shock Karos Shoes absorption, usually beneath the heel where one Karos Shoes puts the most pressure down. Different companies use different materials for the midsoles Karos Shoes of their shoes. Some shoes may not have a midsole at all.
Heel
Women's fashion boots
The bottom rear Karos Shoes part of a shoe is the heel. Its function is to support the heel of the foot. They are often made of the Karos Shoes same material Karos Shoes as the sole of the shoe. This part can be high for fashion or to make the person look taller, or flat for a more Karos Shoes practical use.
Vamp, or upper
Any shoe has an upper part that helps hold the shoe onto the foot. In the simplest cases, Karos Shoes such as sandals or flip flops, this may be nothing more than Karos Shoes a few straps for holding the sole in place. Closed footwear, such as boots, sneakers and most men's shoes, will have a more complex upper. This part is often decorated or is made in a Karos Shoes certain style to look attractive. The U.S. Patent 3,355,535 , from 1967, describes a method for producing a shoe-upper (Hain 1967).
Accessories to shoes
Shoehorn: can be used to insert a Karos Shoes foot into a shoe by keeping Karos Shoes the shoe open and providing a smooth surface for the foot to slide upon.
Shoe tree: placed inside the shoe when user is not wearing it, to help maintain Karos Shoes the shoe's shape.
Shoe Karos Shoes polishing equipment:
Shoe polish: a waxy material spread on shoes to improve appearance, glossiness, Karos Shoes and provide protection.
Shoe brush and polishing cloth: used to apply polish Karos Shoes to shoes.
Overshoes or galoshes: a Karos Shoes rubber covering placed over shoes for rain and snow protection.
(Orthopedic) shoe insert: insert of various materials for cushioning, improved fit, or reduced abrasion. These include padding and inner linings. Inserts may also be used to correct foot problems.
Shoe bag: a bag that protects shoes against damage when they are not being worn.
Shoe stretcher: a tool for making Karos Shoes a shoe longer or wider or for reducing discomfort in Karos Shoes areas of a shoe.
Snow shoe: a wooden or leather piece Karos Shoes which increases the area of ground covered by the shoe.
Shoelaces: a system used to secure shoes.
Types of shoes
Shoes made from real crocodile skin, in a conservation exhibit at Bristol Zoo, England.
Dress and casual shoes
Dress shoes are Karos Shoes categorized by smooth and supple leather uppers, leather soles, and Karos Shoes narrow sleek figure. Casual shoes are characterized Karos Shoes by sturdy leather uppers, non-leather outsoles, and wide profile.
Some designs of dress shoes Karos Shoes can be worn by either gender. The majority Karos Shoes of dress shoes Karos Shoes have Karos Shoes an upper covering, commonly made of leather, enclosing most of the Karos Shoes lower foot, but not covering Karos Shoes the ankles. This upper part of the shoe is often made without apertures Karos Shoes or openings, but may also be made with openings or even Karos Shoes itself consist of a series of straps, e.g. an open toe featured in women's shoes. Shoes with uppers made high to cover the ankles are also available; a shoe with the upper rising above the Karos Shoes ankle is usually considered a boot but certain styles may be referred to as high-topped shoes or high-tops. Usually, a high-topped shoe is secured by laces or zippers, although some Karos Shoes styles have elastic inserts to ease Karos Shoes slipping the shoe on.
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Men's shoes
Men's shoes can be categorized by how they are closed:
Balmorals: the vamp Karos Shoes has a V-shaped Karos Shoes slit to which the laces are attached; also known as "closed lacing". In England, the balmoral is known as the Karos Shoes Oxford. The word "Oxford" is Karos Shoes used by Karos Shoes American clothing companies to market shoes that are not balmorals, such as rubber-sole bluchers.
Bluchers: the laces are tied to two pieces of leather Karos Shoes independently attached to the vamp; also known as "open lacing". In England, the Blucher is known as the Derby shoe.
Monk-straps: a buckle and strap instead of Karos Shoes lacing
Various other closings exist but are less popular such as Karos Shoes side-elastic closings.
Men's shoes can also Karos Shoes be decorated Karos Shoes in Karos Shoes various ways:
Plain-toes: have a sleek appearance and no extra decorations on the vamp.
Cap-toes: has Wide Width Shoes an extra layer of leather that "caps" the toe. This is possibly the most popular decoration.
Brogues (American: wing-tips): The toe of the shoe is covered with a perforated panel, the wing-tip, which extends down either side of the shoe. Brogues can be found in both balmoral and blucher styles. Please help improve this section by expanding it.
Further information might be found on the talk page or at requests for Karos Shoes expansion.
The Karos Shoes tone or style of this article or section may not be appropriate for Wikipedia.
Specific concerns may Drew Shoes be found on the talk page. See Shoes For Crews Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles for suggestions.(December 2007)
Women's shoes
There is Karos Shoes a Karos Shoes large variety of shoes Karos Shoes available for women, in Karos Shoes addition to most of Karos Shoes the men's styles being more accepted as unisex. Some Karos Shoes broad categories are:
Pumps, known in the US and Karos Shoes UK as ballerinas, ballet pumps or skimmers, are shoes with a very low heel and a relatively short vamp, exposing much of the instep. They are popular for warm-weather Karos Shoes wear, Karos Shoes Demonia Shoes and may be seen as more comfortable than shoes with a higher heel.
High heels may be shoes with heels 2 inches (5 Karos Shoes cm) or Karos Shoes higher. Karos Shoes They are often seen as having more sex appeal than low heels (see article for discussion) and are thus commonly worn by women for formal occasions or social outings.
Sneaker boot and sneaker pump: a shoe that looks like Karos Shoes an athletic shoe, but is equipped with a heel, making it a kind of novelty dress shoe.
Either gender
Women's sandals
Clog
Platform shoe: shoe Karos Shoes with very Karos Shoes thick soles and heels
Moccasin: originated by Native Americans, a soft shoe without a heel and usually made of leather.
Sandals: open shoes consisting of Karos Shoes a sole and various straps, leaving much Karos Shoes of the foot exposed to air. They are thus popular for warm-weather wear, because Karos Shoes they let the foot Karos Shoes be cooler than a closed-toed shoe would.
Saddle shoe: leather shoe with a contrasting saddle-shaped band over Karos Shoes the Karos Shoes instep, Karos Shoes typically white uppers with black "saddle".
Loafer: a dress or casual shoe without laces; often with tassels, buckles, or coin-holders (penny loafers).
Boating shoes, also known as boat shoes and deck shoes: similar to a loafer, but more casual. Laces, if present, are usually simple leather (often two-tone) with no frills. Often made of Karos Shoes canvas or featuring a white sole. They have soft soles/heels to avoid marring or scratching Karos Shoes a boat deck.
Boots: Long shoes (covering the ankle) frequently made of leather. Some are designed to be used in Karos Shoes times of bad weather, or simply as an alternate style of casual or dress wear. Styles include rubber boots and snow boots, Karos Shoes as well as work boots and hiking boots.
Slippers: For indoor Karos Shoes use, commonly worn with pajamas.
Athletic Karos Shoes shoes
Men's and women's athletic shoes and special Karos Shoes function shoes often have less Karos Shoes difference Karos Shoes between the sexes Karos Shoes than in dress shoes. In Karos Shoes many cases these shoes can be worn Karos Shoes by either sex. Karos Shoes Emphasis tends to Karos Shoes be more on Karos Shoes function than style.
Sneakers/trainers (also called gym shoes Karos Shoes or tennis shoes): Karos Shoes general purpose athletic shoes; made out Karos Shoes of rubber, cloth, and/or plastic to be lightweight, flexible, and have Karos Shoes good traction. Special varieties are available for basketball or tennis.
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Running shoes: very similar to above, with additional emphasis on cushioning.
Track shoes: lightweight; often with plastic or Karos Shoes metal cleats
A shoe for the right foot.
Cleat (shoe): a type of shoe featuring Karos Shoes molded or removable studs. Karos Shoes Usually worn while playing sports such as rugby, football, American football, Karos Shoes or baseball. Karos Shoes
A shoe for the Karos Shoes right Karos Shoes foot.
Golf shoes: Karos Shoes with "spikes" for better grip in grass and wet ground. Originally Karos Shoes the spikes or "cleats" were made of metal but replaceable "soft spikes" made of synthetic plastic-like materials with prongs distributed radially around the edge of each Karos Shoes spike are much more common today (and are required on many golf courses since they cause less damage to the greens).
Bowling shoes: intermediate Karos Shoes style between ordinary dress shoes and Karos Shoes athletic shoes. They have harder rubber soles/heels so as not to damage bowling alley floors. They are often rented or loaned at bowling alleys.
Climbing shoes: a Karos Shoes shoe designed for rock climbing. They typically have a close fit, little if Naot Shoes any padding, and a smooth sticky rubber sole with an extended rubber rand.
Hiking shoes or boots: usually have a high Karos Shoes somewhat stiff upper with many lace eyelets, to provide ankle support on Karos Shoes uneven terrain, with extra large traction on the sole.
Walking shoes: have a more flexible sole than the running shoe, Karos Shoes lighter in Karos Shoes weight than the hiking boot, may have air holes, may not be water proof.
Skating shoes: typically called skates. Karos Shoes They have various attachments Karos Shoes for skating on the bottom of the shoe portion.
Ice skates
Roller skates
Inline skates
Ski boot: a large, thick plastic boot specially designed for attachment to the ski.
Skateboarding shoes have flat soles for a better grip on a skateboard. They are very wide Karos Shoes and have extra layers of padding to protect the skateboarders feet.
Cycling shoes are equipped with a metal Karos Shoes or plastic cleat to interface with Karos Shoes clipless pedals, as well as a stiff sole to maximize power transfer and support the Karos Shoes foot.
Snowshoes are special shoes for walking Karos Shoes in thick snow. In temperate climates, snowshoes are used for mostly recreational purposes in Karos Shoes winter.
Wrestling shoes are light, flexible shoes that Karos Shoes mimic bare feet while providing additional traction and protection.
Orthopedic shoes
Orthopedic or "comfort" Karos Shoes shoes are made with pedorthic and anatomically-correct comfort qualities, such as padded removable footbeds, wide toe boxes and arch support are made especially Karos Shoes for those with problematic feet.
Dance shoes
Pointe shoes. Designed for ballet Karos Shoes dancing. Karos Shoes These have a toe box Karos Shoes that is stiffened with glue and a Karos Shoes hardened sole so the dancer can stand on the tips of their toes. They are secured by elastic straps and Karos Shoes ribbons that are tied to the dancer's ankles.
Ballet shoes Heel-less Karos Shoes slippers made Karos Shoes of canvas or leather, with either continuous or two-part sole (i.e., split-sole). The sole is Karos Shoes typically made of leather, with thicker material Karos Shoes under the ball and heel of the foot, and thinner Karos Shoes and thus Karos Shoes more flexible material under Karos Shoes the arch so that the foot can Karos Shoes be pointed Karos Shoes to its utmost. Ballet slippers Karos Shoes are usually secured by elastics that cross over the top of the foot. They Karos Shoes are most commonly Karos Shoes pink, white, black, or pale tan, although they may be made in specialty colours such as red or blue.
Jazz shoes. These typically have a two-part, rubberized sole (i.e., split-sole) to provide both flexibility and Karos Shoes traction, and Karos Shoes a low (one inch Karos Shoes or shorter) heel. Karos Shoes They are secured to Karos Shoes the foot by laces Karos Shoes or elastic inserts.
Tango/flamenco dance shoes.
Ballroom shoes. They fall into Karos Shoes two categories for the two genres of dances as defined by the IDSF (International DanceSport Karos Shoes Federation): Ballroom and Latin American. Both are characterised by suede soles. Mens' Ballroom shoes are typically lace-ups with 1-inch heels and patent leather uppers. Ladies' Ballroom Karos Shoes shoes are Karos Shoes typically court shoes with low 2-inch heels, usually made of fabric so Karos Shoes that they can be finished Karos Shoes with a greater variety of colours to match the dancer's dress. The low Ballroom heel distributes the dancer's weight across the foot while Karos Shoes Latin American shoes have higher heels designed to Karos Shoes throw the dancer's Karos Shoes weight on to the toes and the soles are Karos Shoes more flexible. Men's Latin shoes typically have 1.5-inch to 2-inch shaped heels while Ladies' Latin shoes have 2,5-inch to 3-inch heels, open-toed and strapped.
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Dance sneakers. Also known as dansneakers, these Karos Shoes are a combination of a sneaker and a dance Karos Shoes shoe, with a reinforced rubber toe.
Character shoes. Shoes with a one to Karos Shoes three inch heel, which Karos Shoes are usually made Gola Shoes of leather, and often have one or Karos Shoes more straps across the instep to secure the foot during dance. They may come in soft-soled (suede) or hard-soled Karos Shoes varieties. They may be converted to tap shoes by attaching Karos Shoes taps.
Foot thongs. Variously called called Foot Paws and FootUndeez, depending on the manufacturer, these are slip-on, partial foot covers that protect the ball of a dancer's Karos Shoes foot from skin abrasions while executing turns. From Karos Shoes a Karos Shoes distance, flesh colored foot thongs Karos Shoes give a dancer the appearance of having bare feet.
Modern pointe shoes.
Ballet shoes. Off Broadway Shoes
Jazz shoes. This style is frequently Karos Shoes worn Karos Shoes by Karos Shoes acro dancers.
A foot thong, viewed from the underside.
Work shoes
Work shoes are designed to stand heavy wear, to protect the wearer, and provide high traction. They are generally made from sturdy leather uppers and non-leather outsoles. Sometimes they Karos Shoes are used for uniforms or comfort by nurses, waitresses, police, military personnel, etc. They are commonly used for protection in industrial settings, construction, Karos Shoes mining, Karos Shoes and other workplaces. Protective features may include steel-tipped toes and soles or ankle Karos Shoes guards.
Historical shoes
Footwear has been worn for tens of thousands of years. Shoes of the past include:
Espadrilles: these sandals, which are still worn today, are found as early Karos Shoes as the 14th century.
Patten: a European wooden overshoe used to keep a person's feet dry outdoors. First worn in the middle ages, Karos Shoes they continued in use even into the early 20th century.
Poulaine: a shoe with a long-pointed toe, popular in Karos Shoes Europe in the 1400s.
Moccasins: the historical shoe of many North American Indian tribes.
Maintenance
Breaking-in: Some shoes are made of hard but deformable material. After a person wears them multiple times, the material reforms to fit the wearer's Karos Shoes feet. The person is said to have broken in the shoes.
Polishing: for Karos Shoes protection, water resistance (to some extent) and appearance, especially for leather Karos Shoes shoes and boots.
Heel replacement: heels periodically wear out. Not all shoes are designed to enable this.
Sole replacement: soles also Karos Shoes wear out. Not all shoes can have Karos Shoes their soles replaced.
Shoelace replacement.
When unfit Karos Shoes for use, shoes can be treated as trash or municipal solid Karos Shoes waste and disposed of. The exception can be with most Karos Shoes athletic sneakers which can Karos Shoes be recycled and Karos Shoes turned into other Karos Shoes raw materials. See Karos Shoes Nike Grind as an example.
Someone who makes or repairs shoes in a shop is called a cobbler.
Shoe etiquette
In most Karos Shoes parts of the Karos Shoes world (Asia, Eastern Karos Shoes Europe, parts of the Karos Shoes Middle East and Africa, much of Northern Europe and Karos Shoes Canada, as well as Karos Shoes Alaska) it is customary to remove shoes when entering a house. In some Karos Shoes areas of the United States, especially the Midwest, it is expected that visitors remove their shoes unless a host specifically invites them to Karos Shoes leave their shoes on. People do this to avoid bringing dirt, mud or snow into the house. For some societies, including those in Asia, indoor footwear may be Karos Shoes provided for guests.
In the Middle Karos Shoes East, parts of Africa, Korea and Thailand, Karos Shoes it is considered rude to show the soles of Karos Shoes the feet to others (even accidentally, such Karos Shoes as by crossing the legs). In addition, in Thailand, it is an extreme insult for the foot, socks, or shoes to touch someone's head or Karos Shoes be placed over it. Karos Shoes Although feet touching heads is an Karos Shoes extremely rare Karos Shoes occurrence in any society, some Muay Thai boxers insult each other by "kicking" the opponent's head with their foot (most Muay Thai kicks are executed Karos Shoes with the shin). |
