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The earliest known shoes date from about 8000 to 7000 BCE and were found in Oregon, USA in 1938[1]. However, the materials used for making shoes do not normally last for thousands of years, so Simple Shoes shoes were probably in use long before this. Physical anthropologist Erik Trinkaus believes

Simple Shoes

he has found Drew Shoes evidence Simple Shoes that the use of shoes began in the period between Simple Shoes about 40,000 and 26,000 years ago, based on the fact that the thickness of the bones of the toes (other than the big toe) decreased during this period, on

Simple Shoes

the premise that going barefoot results in greater bone growth before this period.[1] Parts of a shoe Gluing a new outsole to an Simple Shoes Shoes For Crews athletic shoe Sole The bottom of Simple Shoes a shoe is called the Simple Shoes sole. Insole The insole is the interior bottom of Simple Shoes a shoe, which sits

Simple Shoes

directly beneath the foot. Many Simple Shoes shoes have removable and replaceable insoles, and extra insoles are often added for comfort or health reasons (to control the shape, moisture, or smell of the shoe). Outsole The outsole is the layer in direct contact with the ground. Dress shoes have leather outsoles; casual or work-oriented shoes have outsoles made of natural rubber or a Simple Shoes synthetic imitation. The outsole Simple Shoes may comprise a single piece, or may comprise separate pieces of different materials. Often the heel of the sole is rubber for durability and traction, while Simple Shoes the front is leather for style. Specialized Simple Shoes shoes Simple Shoes will often Simple Shoes have modifications on this Simple Shoes design: athletic cleats have spikes Simple Shoes embedded in the outsole to grip Simple Shoes the ground; many kinds of dancing shoes have much softer or harder soles. Midsole The layer in between the outsole and the insole that is typically there Demonia Shoes for shock absorption. Some

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types of shoes, like running shoes, have another material for shock absorption, usually beneath the heel where one Simple Shoes puts the most pressure down. Different companies use different materials Naot Shoes for the midsoles of their shoes. Some shoes may not have a midsole at

Simple Shoes

all. Heel Women's fashion Simple Shoes boots The bottom rear part of a shoe is the heel. Its function is to support the heel Simple Shoes of the foot. They are often made of the same material as the sole of the shoe. Simple Shoes This part can be high for fashion or to make the person look taller, or flat for a more Simple Shoes practical use. Vamp, or upper Any shoe has an upper part Simple Shoes that helps hold the shoe onto the foot. In the Simple Shoes simplest Simple Shoes cases, such as sandals or flip flops, this may be nothing more than a few straps Simple Shoes for holding Simple Shoes the sole in place. Gola Shoes Closed footwear, such as boots, sneakers and most men's shoes, will have a more complex Simple Shoes upper. This part is often decorated or is made in a certain style to look attractive. The U.S. Patent 3,355,535 , from 1967, describes a method for producing a shoe-upper (Hain 1967). Accessories to shoes Shoehorn: can be used to insert a foot into a shoe by keeping the shoe open and providing a smooth surface for the foot Simple Shoes to slide upon. Shoe tree: placed inside the shoe when user is not wearing it, to help maintain the Simple Shoes shoe's shape. Shoe polishing equipment: Shoe Simple Shoes polish: a waxy material spread on shoes Simple Shoes to Simple Shoes improve appearance, glossiness, and provide protection. Shoe Simple Shoes brush and Simple Shoes polishing cloth: used to apply polish to shoes. Overshoes or galoshes: a rubber covering placed over shoes for rain and snow protection. (Orthopedic) shoe insert: insert of various materials for cushioning, improved Simple Shoes fit, or reduced abrasion. These include padding and inner linings. Inserts may also be used to correct foot Simple Shoes problems. Shoe Simple Shoes bag: a bag that protects shoes against Simple Shoes damage when they are not being worn. Shoe stretcher: Simple Shoes a tool for making a Simple Shoes shoe longer Simple Shoes or wider or for reducing discomfort in areas of a Simple Shoes shoe. Snow Simple Shoes shoe: a wooden or leather piece which increases the area of ground covered by the shoe. Shoelaces: a system used to secure shoes. Types of shoes Shoes made from Simple Shoes real crocodile Simple Shoes skin, in a

Simple Shoes

conservation exhibit at Bristol Zoo, England. Dress and casual shoes Dress shoes are categorized Simple Shoes by smooth and supple leather uppers, leather soles, and narrow sleek figure. Casual shoes are characterized Off Broadway Shoes by sturdy leather uppers, non-leather outsoles, and wide profile. Some designs of dress shoes can be worn by either gender. The majority of dress shoes have Simple Shoes an upper covering, commonly

Simple Shoes

made of Simple Shoes leather, enclosing most of the lower foot, but not covering the ankles. This upper part of the shoe is often made without apertures or openings, but may also be made with openings or even itself consist of a series of straps, e.g. an open toe featured in women's shoes. Shoes with uppers made high to Simple Shoes cover the ankles are Simple Shoes also available; a shoe with the upper rising above the ankle is usually considered a boot but Simple Shoes certain styles may be referred to as high-topped shoes or Simple Shoes high-tops. Usually, a high-topped shoe is secured by laces or zippers, although some styles have elastic inserts to ease slipping the shoe on. Men's shoes Men's shoes can be categorized by how they are closed: Balmorals: the vamp has Karos Shoes a V-shaped slit to which the laces are attached; also known as "closed lacing". In England, the balmoral is known as the Oxford. The word "Oxford" is used by American clothing companies to market shoes that are not balmorals, such as rubber-sole bluchers. Bluchers: the laces are tied to two Simple Shoes pieces of leather independently attached to the vamp; also known as "open lacing". In England, the Blucher is known as the Derby shoe. Monk-straps: a buckle and strap instead Simple Shoes of lacing Various other closings exist but are less popular Simple Shoes such as

Simple Shoes

side-elastic closings. Men's shoes can also be decorated in various ways: Plain-toes: have a sleek appearance and Simple Shoes no extra decorations on the vamp. Cap-toes: has an extra layer of leather that "caps" the toe. This is possibly the most popular decoration. Brogues (American: wing-tips): The toe of the shoe

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is covered with a perforated panel, Simple Shoes the wing-tip, which extends down either side of Simple Shoes the shoe. Brogues can be found in both balmoral and blucher styles. Please help improve this section by Simple Shoes expanding it. Further information might be found on Simple Shoes the talk page or at Simple Shoes requests for expansion. The tone or style of this article or section may not be appropriate for Wikipedia. Specific concerns may be found on the talk page. See Wikipedia's guide Simple Shoes to writing better Simple Shoes articles for suggestions.(December 2007) Women's shoes There is a large variety of shoes available for women, Simple Shoes in addition to most of the men's styles being more accepted as unisex. Some broad categories are: Pumps, known in the US and UK as ballerinas, ballet pumps or skimmers, are shoes with a very low heel and a relatively short vamp, exposing much of Simple Shoes the instep. They are popular for warm-weather wear, and may be

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seen as more comfortable than shoes with a higher heel. High heels may Simple Shoes be shoes with heels 2 inches

Simple Shoes

(5 cm) or higher. They are Simple Shoes often seen as having more sex appeal than low heels (see article for discussion) and are thus Simple Shoes commonly worn by women for formal occasions or social outings. Sneaker boot and sneaker pump: a shoe that looks like an athletic shoe, but is equipped with a heel, making it a kind of novelty dress shoe. Either gender Women's Simple Shoes sandals Clog Platform shoe: shoe with very thick soles and heels Moccasin: originated by Native Americans, a soft shoe without a Simple Shoes heel and usually made of leather. Sandals: open shoes consisting of a sole and Simple Shoes various straps, leaving much of the foot exposed to air. They are thus popular for warm-weather wear, because they let the foot be cooler than a closed-toed shoe would. Saddle shoe: leather shoe with a contrasting saddle-shaped band Simple Shoes over the instep, typically white uppers with black "saddle". Loafer: a dress or casual shoe without laces; often with tassels, buckles, or coin-holders (penny loafers). Boating Simple Shoes shoes, also known as boat shoes and deck shoes: similar to a loafer, but more casual. Laces, if present, are usually simple leather (often two-tone) with no frills. Often Simple Shoes made of canvas or featuring a white sole. They have soft Simple Shoes soles/heels to avoid marring or scratching a Simple Shoes boat deck. Boots: Simple Shoes Long Simple Shoes shoes (covering the ankle) Simple Shoes frequently made of leather. Some are designed Simple Shoes to be used in Simple Shoes times of bad weather, or simply as an alternate style of casual or dress wear. Styles include rubber Simple Shoes boots and snow boots, as well as work boots and hiking boots. Slippers: For indoor Simple Shoes use, commonly worn with pajamas. Athletic shoes Men's and women's athletic Brooks Shoes shoes and special function shoes often have less difference between the sexes than in dress shoes. In many cases these shoes can be worn by either sex. Emphasis tends to be more on function than style. Sneakers/trainers (also called gym shoes or Simple Shoes tennis shoes): general purpose athletic shoes; made out of rubber, cloth, and/or Simple Shoes plastic to be lightweight, flexible, and have good traction. Special varieties are available for basketball or tennis. Running shoes: very similar to above, with Simple Shoes additional emphasis on cushioning. Track shoes: lightweight; often with plastic or metal cleats A shoe for the right foot. Cleat Simple Shoes (shoe): a type of shoe featuring molded Simple Shoes or removable studs. Usually worn while playing sports Simple Shoes such as rugby, football, American football, or baseball. A shoe

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for the Simple Shoes right foot. Golf shoes: with "spikes" for better Simple Shoes grip Simple Shoes in grass and

Simple Shoes

wet ground. Simple Shoes Originally the spikes or "cleats" were made of Simple Shoes metal but replaceable Simple Shoes "soft spikes" made of synthetic plastic-like materials with prongs distributed radially around the edge of each spike are much more common today (and Simple Shoes are required on many golf courses since they Simple Shoes cause less damage to the greens). Bowling shoes: intermediate style between ordinary dress shoes Simple Shoes and athletic shoes. They Simple Shoes have harder rubber soles/heels so as not to damage bowling alley floors. They are often Simple Shoes rented or loaned at bowling alleys. Climbing shoes: a shoe designed for rock climbing. They typically have a close Simple Shoes fit, little if any padding, and a smooth sticky rubber sole with an extended Simple Shoes rubber rand. Hiking shoes Simple Shoes or Simple Shoes boots: usually have a high

Simple Shoes

somewhat stiff Simple Shoes upper with many lace eyelets, to provide ankle support on uneven terrain, Simple Shoes with extra large traction on the sole. Walking shoes: have

Simple Shoes

a more flexible Simple Shoes sole Simple Shoes than the running shoe, lighter

Simple Shoes

in weight than the hiking boot, may Simple Shoes have air holes, may not Simple Shoes be water proof. Skating shoes: typically called skates. They have various attachments for skating on the bottom of the shoe portion. Ice skates Roller skates Inline skates Ski boot: a large, thick plastic boot specially designed Simple Shoes for attachment to the ski. Skateboarding shoes have flat soles for a better grip on a skateboard. They are very wide and have extra layers of padding to protect the skateboarders feet. Cycling shoes are equipped with a metal

Simple Shoes

or plastic cleat Simple Shoes to interface with clipless pedals, as well as a stiff sole to maximize power transfer and support the foot. Snowshoes are special shoes for walking in thick snow. In temperate climates, snowshoes are used for mostly recreational purposes in winter. Wrestling shoes are light, flexible Simple Shoes shoes that mimic bare feet while providing additional traction and protection. Orthopedic shoes Orthopedic or "comfort" shoes are made with pedorthic and anatomically-correct comfort qualities, such as padded removable footbeds, wide toe boxes and arch support are made especially for those with Simple Shoes problematic Simple Shoes feet. Dance shoes Pointe shoes. Simple Shoes Designed for ballet dancing. These have a toe box that is stiffened with glue and a hardened Simple Shoes sole so the dancer Simple Shoes can stand on the Simple Shoes tips of their Simple Shoes toes. They are Simple Shoes secured by elastic straps and Simple Shoes ribbons that are tied to the dancer's ankles. Ballet shoes Heel-less slippers made of canvas or leather, with either continuous

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or two-part sole (i.e., split-sole). The

Simple Shoes

sole is typically made of leather, with thicker material under the ball and heel of the foot, and thinner and thus more flexible material under the arch so Simple Shoes that the foot Simple Shoes can be pointed to its utmost. Ballet slippers are usually secured by Liz Claiborne Shoes elastics that cross over the top of the Simple Shoes foot. They Simple Shoes are most commonly pink, white, black, or pale tan, although they may be made in specialty colours such as red or blue. Jazz shoes. These typically have

Simple Shoes

a two-part, rubberized Simple Shoes sole Simple Shoes (i.e., split-sole) to provide both flexibility and traction, and a low (one inch Simple Shoes or shorter) heel. They are secured to the foot by laces or elastic Simple Shoes inserts. Tango/flamenco dance shoes. Ballroom shoes. They fall into two categories for the two genres of dances as defined by the IDSF (International DanceSport Federation): Simple Shoes Ballroom Simple Shoes and Latin American. Both are Simple Shoes characterised by suede soles. Mens' Ballroom shoes are Simple Shoes typically lace-ups with 1-inch heels and patent leather uppers. Ladies' Ballroom shoes are typically Simple Shoes court Simple Shoes shoes with

Simple Shoes

low Simple Shoes 2-inch heels, usually made Simple Shoes of fabric so that they can be finished Snow Shoes with a greater Simple Shoes variety of colours to match the dancer's dress. The low Ballroom heel distributes the dancer's weight across the foot while Latin American shoes have higher heels designed to throw the dancer's weight on Simple Shoes to the toes and the

Simple Shoes

soles Simple Shoes are more flexible. Men's Latin shoes typically have 1.5-inch to 2-inch shaped heels while Ladies' Latin shoes have 2,5-inch to 3-inch heels, open-toed and strapped. Dance sneakers. Also known as dansneakers, these are a Simple Shoes combination of a sneaker and a dance shoe, Simple Shoes with a reinforced rubber Simple Shoes toe. Character shoes. Shoes with a Simple Shoes one to three inch heel, which are usually made Simple Shoes of leather, and often have one or more straps across the instep to secure the foot during dance. They may come Simple Shoes in soft-soled (suede) or hard-soled varieties. Simple Shoes They may Simple Shoes be converted to tap shoes by attaching taps. Foot thongs. Variously called called Foot Paws and FootUndeez, depending on the manufacturer, Simple Shoes these are slip-on, Simple Shoes partial foot covers Simple Shoes that protect the Simple Shoes ball of a dancer's Simple Shoes foot from skin abrasions while executing turns. From a distance, flesh colored foot thongs give a

Simple Shoes

dancer the appearance of having Simple Shoes bare feet. Modern Simple Shoes pointe shoes. Ballet shoes. Jazz shoes. Simple Shoes This style is frequently worn by acro dancers. A foot thong, viewed from the underside. Work shoes Work shoes are Simple Shoes designed to stand Simple Shoes heavy wear, to protect the wearer, and provide high traction. Simple Shoes They are generally made from sturdy leather uppers and non-leather outsoles. Sometimes they Simple Shoes are used for uniforms or Simple Shoes comfort by nurses, Simple Shoes waitresses, police, military personnel, etc. They are commonly used for protection in industrial settings, construction, mining, and other workplaces. Protective features may include steel-tipped toes and soles or ankle guards. Historical shoes Footwear has been worn for tens of thousands of years. Shoes of the past include: Espadrilles: Simple Shoes these sandals, which are still worn today, are found as early as the 14th century. Patten: a European wooden overshoe used to keep a person's feet dry outdoors. First worn in the middle ages, they continued in Simple Shoes use even into the early 20th century. Poulaine: a shoe Simple Shoes with

Simple Shoes

a long-pointed toe, popular in Simple Shoes Europe in the 1400s. Moccasins: Simple Shoes the historical shoe Simple Shoes of many Simple Shoes North American Indian tribes. Maintenance Breaking-in: Some shoes are made of hard but deformable material. After a person wears them multiple times, the material reforms to Simple Shoes fit the wearer's feet. The person is said to have broken

Simple Shoes

in the shoes. Polishing: for protection, water resistance (to some extent) and appearance, especially for leather shoes and boots. Heel replacement: Simple Shoes heels Simple Shoes periodically wear out. Not all shoes are designed to enable this. Sole replacement: Simple Shoes soles also wear out. Not all shoes can have their soles replaced. Shoelace replacement. When unfit for use, shoes can be treated as trash or municipal solid waste and disposed of. The exception can be with most athletic sneakers which can be recycled and turned into other raw materials. See Nike Grind as an example. Someone who makes Simple Shoes or repairs shoes in a shop is Simple Shoes called a cobbler. Shoe etiquette In most parts of the world (Asia, Eastern Europe, Simple Shoes parts of the Middle East and Africa, much of Northern Europe and Canada, as well as Alaska) it is customary Simple Shoes to remove

Simple Shoes

shoes when entering a house. Simple Shoes In some areas Simple Shoes of the United States, especially the

Simple Shoes

Midwest, it is expected that visitors remove their shoes unless a host specifically invites them to leave their shoes Simple Shoes on. People do this to avoid bringing dirt, mud or snow into the house. For some societies, including those in Asia,

Simple Shoes

indoor Simple Shoes footwear may be provided for guests. In the Middle East, parts of Africa, Korea and Thailand, it is Simple Shoes considered Simple Shoes rude to show the soles of the feet to others (even accidentally, such as Simple Shoes by crossing the legs). In addition, in Thailand, it is an extreme Simple Shoes insult for Simple Shoes the foot, socks, Simple Shoes or shoes to touch someone's head or be placed over it. Although feet touching heads is an extremely rare occurrence in any society, some Muay Thai boxers insult each other by "kicking" Simple Shoes the opponent's head with their foot (most Muay Thai kicks are executed with the shin).

Simple Shoes