The earliest known shoes date from about 8000 to 7000 BCE and were found in Oregon, USA in 1938[1]. However, the materials used for making shoes do not normally last for thousands of years, so shoes Avia Aqua Shoes were probably in use long before this. Physical Avia Aqua Shoes anthropologist Erik Trinkaus Avia Aqua Shoes believes he has found evidence that the use of shoes began in the period Comfy Shoes between about Avia Aqua Shoes 40,000 and 26,000 years ago, based on the fact that the thickness of Avia Aqua Shoes the bones of the toes (other than the big toe) decreased during this Avia Aqua Shoes period, on the premise that going barefoot results in greater Avia Aqua Shoes bone growth before this period.[1]
Parts of a shoe
Gluing a Avia Aqua Shoes new outsole to an athletic shoe
Sole
The bottom of a shoe is called Avia Aqua Shoes the sole.
Insole
The insole is the interior Avia Aqua Shoes bottom of a shoe, Authentic Designer Shoes which sits directly beneath the foot. Many shoes have removable Avia Aqua Shoes and replaceable insoles, and extra insoles are often added for comfort or health reasons (to control the shape, moisture, or smell of the shoe).
Outsole
The outsole is Avia Aqua Shoes the layer in direct contact with the ground. Dress shoes have Rockport Shoes For Men leather outsoles; casual or work-oriented shoes have outsoles made of natural rubber or a synthetic imitation. The outsole may Avia Aqua Shoes comprise a single piece, or may comprise separate pieces of different materials. Often the heel of the sole is rubber for durability and traction, while the front is leather for style. Specialized shoes will Avia Aqua Shoes often have modifications on this design: athletic cleats have spikes embedded in the outsole to grip the ground; many kinds of dancing shoes have much softer or harder Avia Aqua Shoes soles.
Midsole
The layer in between the outsole and the insole that is typically there for shock absorption. Some types of Avia Aqua Shoes shoes, like running Avia Aqua Shoes shoes, Avia Aqua Shoes have another material for shock absorption, usually beneath the heel where one puts the most pressure down. Avia Aqua Shoes Different companies use different Avia Aqua Shoes materials for the midsoles Avia Aqua Shoes of their shoes. Some shoes may not have a midsole at Avia Aqua Shoes all.
Heel
Women's fashion boots
The bottom rear part of Avia Aqua Shoes a Avia Aqua Shoes shoe is the heel. Avia Aqua Shoes Its function is to support the heel of the foot. They are often made of the same material as the sole of the shoe. Avia Aqua Shoes This part can Avia Aqua Shoes be high for fashion or to make the person look taller, or flat for a more practical use.
Vamp, or upper
Any shoe has an upper part that helps hold the shoe onto the Avia Aqua Shoes foot. In the simplest cases, such as sandals or flip flops, this may be nothing more than a Avia Aqua Shoes few straps for holding the Avia Aqua Shoes sole in place. Closed footwear, such as Avia Aqua Shoes boots, sneakers and most men's shoes, will have a more complex upper. This part is often decorated or is Avia Aqua Shoes made in a certain style to look attractive. The U.S. Patent 3,355,535 , Avia Aqua Shoes from Avia Aqua Shoes 1967, describes a method for producing Avia Aqua Shoes a shoe-upper (Hain 1967).
Accessories to shoes
Shoehorn: can be used to insert a foot Avia Aqua Shoes into a shoe by keeping the shoe open and providing a smooth surface Avia Aqua Shoes for the foot to slide upon.
Shoe tree: placed inside the shoe when user is not wearing it, to help maintain the shoe's shape.
Shoe polishing equipment:
Shoe polish: a waxy material spread on shoes to improve appearance, glossiness, and provide Avia Aqua Shoes protection.
Shoe brush and polishing cloth: used to apply polish to shoes.
Overshoes or galoshes: Avia Aqua Shoes a rubber covering placed over shoes Nothinz Shoes for Avia Aqua Shoes rain and snow protection.
(Orthopedic) shoe Avia Aqua Shoes insert: insert of various materials for cushioning, improved fit, Avia Aqua Shoes or reduced abrasion. These include padding and Avia Aqua Shoes inner linings. Inserts may also be used to correct foot problems.
Shoe bag: a bag that protects shoes against damage when they are not being worn.
Shoe stretcher: Avia Aqua Shoes a tool for making a shoe longer or wider or for reducing discomfort in areas of a shoe.
Snow shoe: a wooden or leather piece Avia Aqua Shoes which increases Avia Aqua Shoes the area of ground covered by the shoe.
Shoelaces: a system used to secure shoes.
Types of shoes
Shoes Avia Aqua Shoes made from real Avia Aqua Shoes crocodile skin, in a conservation exhibit at Bristol Zoo, England.
Dress and casual shoes
Dress shoes are categorized by smooth and supple leather uppers, leather soles, Avia Aqua Shoes and narrow Avia Aqua Shoes sleek figure. Casual shoes are characterized by sturdy leather uppers, non-leather outsoles, and wide profile.
Some designs of dress shoes can be worn by either gender. The majority of dress shoes have an Avia Aqua Shoes upper covering, commonly Avia Aqua Shoes made of leather, enclosing most of Avia Aqua Shoes the lower Target Shoes foot, but not covering the ankles. This upper part of the shoe is often made without apertures or openings, but may Avia Aqua Shoes also be made with openings or even itself consist of a series of straps, e.g. an open toe featured in women's shoes. Shoes with uppers made high to cover the ankles are also available; a shoe with the upper rising above the ankle is usually considered a boot but certain styles Avia Aqua Shoes may be referred Avia Aqua Shoes to as high-topped shoes or high-tops. Usually, a high-topped shoe Avia Aqua Shoes is secured by laces or zippers, although some Avia Aqua Shoes styles have elastic inserts to ease slipping Avia Aqua Shoes the shoe on.
Men's Avia Aqua Shoes shoes
Men's shoes can Avia Aqua Shoes be categorized by how they are closed:
Balmorals: the vamp has a V-shaped slit to which Avia Aqua Shoes the laces are attached; also known as "closed Avia Aqua Shoes lacing". In England, the balmoral is known as the Oxford. The word "Oxford" is Avia Aqua Shoes used by Avia Aqua Shoes American clothing companies to Avia Aqua Shoes market shoes that Avia Aqua Shoes are Avia Aqua Shoes not balmorals, such as rubber-sole bluchers.
Bluchers: the laces are tied to two pieces of leather Avia Aqua Shoes independently attached to the vamp; also known as "open lacing". In England, the Blucher is known as the Derby Avia Aqua Shoes shoe.
Monk-straps: a buckle and strap instead of lacing
Various other closings exist but are less popular such as side-elastic closings.
Men's shoes can also be decorated in various ways:
Plain-toes: have a sleek appearance and no extra decorations on the vamp.
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Cap-toes: has Avia Aqua Shoes an extra layer of Avia Aqua Shoes leather that "caps" the Avia Aqua Shoes toe. This is possibly the most popular decoration.
Brogues (American: wing-tips): The toe of the shoe is Avia Aqua Shoes covered with a perforated panel, the wing-tip, which extends down either Avia Aqua Shoes side of the shoe. Brogues can be found in both balmoral and blucher styles. Please help improve this section by expanding it.
Further information might be found on the Avia Aqua Shoes talk page or at requests for expansion.
The tone or style of this article or section may not be appropriate for Wikipedia.
Specific concerns may be Avia Aqua Shoes found on the talk page. See Avia Aqua Shoes Wikipedia's guide to writing better Avia Aqua Shoes articles for suggestions.(December 2007)
Women's Avia Aqua Shoes shoes
There is a large variety of shoes available Avia Aqua Shoes for women, in addition to most Avia Aqua Shoes of the men's styles being more Avia Aqua Shoes accepted as unisex. Some broad categories are:
Pumps, Avia Aqua Shoes known in the US and UK as ballerinas, ballet pumps or skimmers, are shoes with a very low heel Avia Aqua Shoes and a relatively short Avia Aqua Shoes vamp, exposing much of the Avia Aqua Shoes instep. They are popular European Shoes for warm-weather wear, and may be seen as more comfortable than Avia Aqua Shoes shoes with a higher heel.
High heels may be shoes with heels 2 inches (5 cm) or higher. They are often seen as having more sex appeal than low heels (see article for discussion) and are thus commonly worn by women for Avia Aqua Shoes formal occasions or social outings.
Sneaker boot and sneaker pump: a shoe that looks Avia Aqua Shoes like an athletic shoe, but is equipped with a Avia Aqua Shoes heel, making it Avia Aqua Shoes a kind Avia Aqua Shoes of novelty dress shoe.
Either gender
Women's sandals
Clog
Platform shoe: shoe with very thick soles and heels
Moccasin: originated by Native Americans, a soft shoe without a heel and usually Avia Aqua Shoes made of leather.
Sandals: Avia Aqua Shoes open shoes consisting of a sole and various straps, leaving much of the foot exposed to air. They are Avia Aqua Shoes thus popular Avia Aqua Shoes for warm-weather wear, because they let the foot be cooler than a closed-toed shoe would.
Saddle Avia Aqua Shoes shoe: leather shoe with a contrasting Avia Aqua Shoes saddle-shaped band Avia Aqua Shoes over the instep, typically white uppers with Avia Aqua Shoes black "saddle".
Loafer: Avia Aqua Shoes a dress or casual shoe without Reebok Basketball Shoes laces; often with tassels, buckles, or coin-holders (penny loafers).
Boating shoes, also known as boat shoes and deck shoes: similar to a loafer, but more Avia Aqua Shoes casual. Laces, if present, are usually simple leather (often two-tone) with no frills. Often made of canvas Avia Aqua Shoes or featuring a white sole. Avia Aqua Shoes They have Avia Aqua Shoes soft soles/heels to avoid Avia Aqua Shoes marring or scratching Avia Aqua Shoes a boat deck.
Boots: Long shoes (covering the Avia Aqua Shoes ankle) frequently made of leather. Some are designed to be used in Avia Aqua Shoes times of bad Avia Aqua Shoes weather, or simply as an alternate style of casual or Avia Aqua Shoes dress wear. Styles include rubber boots and snow boots, as Avia Aqua Shoes well as work boots and hiking boots.
Slippers: Avia Aqua Shoes For Avia Aqua Shoes indoor use, commonly Avia Aqua Shoes worn with pajamas.
Athletic shoes
Men's Avia Aqua Shoes and women's athletic shoes and special function shoes often have less difference between the sexes Avia Aqua Shoes than in dress shoes. In many cases Avia Aqua Shoes these shoes can be worn by either sex. Emphasis tends to be more on function than Avia Aqua Shoes style.
Sneakers/trainers (also called gym shoes or tennis shoes): general purpose athletic Avia Aqua Shoes shoes; made out of rubber, cloth, and/or plastic to be lightweight, flexible, and have good traction. Avia Aqua Shoes Special Avia Aqua Shoes varieties are Avia Aqua Shoes available Avia Aqua Shoes for basketball or tennis.
Running shoes: very similar to above, with additional emphasis on cushioning.
Track shoes: lightweight; often with plastic or metal cleats
A shoe for the Avia Aqua Shoes right Avia Aqua Shoes foot.
Cleat (shoe): Avia Aqua Shoes a type of shoe featuring molded Shoes Running Heelys or removable studs. Usually worn while playing sports Avia Aqua Shoes such as rugby, football, Avia Aqua Shoes American football, or baseball.
A shoe for the right foot.
Golf shoes: with "spikes" for better grip in grass and wet ground. Originally the spikes or "cleats" were made of metal but replaceable "soft spikes" made of synthetic plastic-like materials with prongs distributed radially around the edge of each spike are much more common today (and are required on many golf courses Avia Aqua Shoes since they cause less damage to the greens).
Bowling shoes: intermediate style between ordinary dress Avia Aqua Shoes shoes Avia Aqua Shoes and athletic shoes. They Avia Aqua Shoes have harder rubber soles/heels so as not to damage bowling alley floors. They are often rented or loaned at bowling alleys.
Climbing shoes: a shoe designed Avia Aqua Shoes for rock climbing. They typically have Avia Aqua Shoes a close fit, little if any padding, and a smooth sticky rubber sole with an Avia Aqua Shoes extended rubber rand.
Hiking shoes or boots: usually have a high somewhat stiff upper with many lace eyelets, to provide ankle support on uneven terrain, with extra large traction on the sole.
Walking shoes: have a more flexible sole than the running shoe, lighter in weight than the hiking Avia Aqua Shoes boot, may have air holes, may not be water proof.
Skating shoes: typically called skates. They have Avia Aqua Shoes various attachments for skating on the bottom of the shoe portion.
Ice skates
Roller skates
Inline skates
Ski boot: a large, thick plastic boot specially designed for attachment Avia Aqua Shoes to the ski.
Skateboarding shoes have flat soles for a better grip on a skateboard. They are very Avia Aqua Shoes wide and Avia Aqua Shoes have Avia Aqua Shoes extra layers Avia Aqua Shoes of padding Avia Aqua Shoes to protect the skateboarders feet.
Cycling shoes are equipped with a metal or plastic Avia Aqua Shoes cleat to interface with clipless pedals, as well as a stiff sole to maximize power transfer and support the foot.
Snowshoes are special shoes for walking in thick snow. In temperate climates, snowshoes are used for mostly recreational purposes in winter.
Wrestling shoes are light, flexible shoes that Avia Aqua Shoes mimic bare feet while providing additional traction and protection.
Orthopedic Avia Aqua Shoes shoes
Orthopedic or "comfort" shoes are made with pedorthic and anatomically-correct comfort qualities, such as padded removable footbeds, Avia Aqua Shoes wide toe boxes and arch support are made especially for those with problematic feet.
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Dance shoes
Pointe shoes. Designed Outdoor Shoes for ballet dancing. These have a toe box that is stiffened Avia Aqua Shoes with Avia Aqua Shoes glue and Avia Aqua Shoes a hardened sole so the dancer can stand Avia Aqua Shoes on the tips of their toes. They are Avia Aqua Shoes secured by elastic straps and ribbons that are tied to the dancer's ankles.
Ballet shoes Heel-less slippers made of canvas or leather, with either continuous or two-part sole (i.e., split-sole). The sole is typically made of leather, with thicker material Avia Aqua Shoes under the ball and heel of the Avia Aqua Shoes foot, and thinner and thus more flexible material Avia Aqua Shoes under the arch so Avia Aqua Shoes that the foot can be pointed to Avia Aqua Shoes its utmost. Ballet slippers are usually secured by elastics that cross over the top of the Avia Aqua Shoes foot. They are most commonly pink, white, black, New Shoes Lyrics or pale tan, although they may be made in specialty colours such as red or blue.
Jazz shoes. These typically have a two-part, rubberized sole (i.e., split-sole) to provide both flexibility and traction, and a low (one inch or shorter) heel. They are secured to the Avia Aqua Shoes foot by Avia Aqua Shoes laces or elastic inserts.
Tango/flamenco dance shoes.
Ballroom Avia Aqua Shoes shoes. They fall into two categories for the two genres of dances as defined by the IDSF (International DanceSport Federation): Ballroom and Latin American. Both are characterised by suede soles. Mens' Ballroom shoes are typically lace-ups with 1-inch heels and patent Avia Aqua Shoes leather uppers. Ladies' Ballroom shoes are typically court shoes with low 2-inch heels, Avia Aqua Shoes usually made of fabric Avia Aqua Shoes so that they can be finished with a greater variety of Avia Aqua Shoes colours to match Avia Aqua Shoes the dancer's dress. Avia Aqua Shoes The low Ballroom heel distributes the dancer's weight across the foot while Latin American shoes have higher heels designed to throw the dancer's weight on to the toes and the soles are Avia Aqua Shoes more flexible. Men's Latin shoes typically have 1.5-inch Cheap Shoes Online to 2-inch shaped heels while Ladies' Latin Avia Aqua Shoes shoes have Avia Aqua Shoes 2,5-inch to 3-inch heels, open-toed and strapped.
Dance sneakers. Also known as dansneakers, these are a combination of a sneaker and a dance shoe, with a reinforced rubber toe.
Character shoes. Shoes with a one to Avia Aqua Shoes three inch heel, which are usually Avia Aqua Shoes made of leather, and often have one or more straps across the instep to secure the Avia Aqua Shoes foot during dance. They may come in soft-soled (suede) Avia Aqua Shoes or hard-soled varieties. They Avia Aqua Shoes may be converted to tap shoes by attaching taps.
Foot thongs. Variously called called Foot Paws and FootUndeez, depending on the Avia Aqua Shoes manufacturer, these Avia Aqua Shoes are slip-on, partial foot covers that protect the ball of a dancer's Avia Aqua Shoes foot Avia Aqua Shoes from skin abrasions while executing turns. From a distance, flesh colored Avia Aqua Shoes foot thongs give Avia Aqua Shoes a dancer the appearance of having bare feet.
Modern pointe shoes.
Ballet Avia Aqua Shoes shoes.
Jazz Avia Aqua Shoes shoes. Avia Aqua Shoes This style is frequently worn by acro dancers.
A foot thong, viewed from the underside.
Work Avia Aqua Shoes shoes
Work shoes are Avia Aqua Shoes designed to stand heavy wear, to protect the wearer, and provide high traction. They are generally made from sturdy leather uppers and non-leather outsoles. Sometimes they are used for uniforms or comfort by nurses, waitresses, Avia Aqua Shoes police, military personnel, etc. They Avia Aqua Shoes are commonly used for protection in industrial settings, construction, mining, and other workplaces. Protective features may include steel-tipped toes and soles or ankle guards.
Historical shoes
Footwear has been worn for tens of thousands of years. Shoes of the past Avia Aqua Shoes include:
Espadrilles: these sandals, which are still worn today, are found as Avia Aqua Shoes early as the 14th century.
Patten: a European wooden overshoe used Avia Aqua Shoes to Avia Aqua Shoes keep a person's feet dry outdoors. First worn in the middle ages, they Avia Aqua Shoes continued in use even into Avia Aqua Shoes the early 20th century.
Poulaine: a shoe with a long-pointed toe, popular in Europe in the 1400s.
Moccasins: the historical shoe of many North Used Trippen Shoes American Indian tribes.
Maintenance
Breaking-in: Some shoes are made of hard but deformable material. After a person Avia Aqua Shoes wears them multiple times, the material reforms to fit the wearer's feet. Avia Aqua Shoes The person is said to have broken in Avia Aqua Shoes the shoes.
Polishing: for protection, water resistance (to some extent) and appearance, especially Avia Aqua Shoes for leather shoes and boots.
Heel replacement: heels periodically wear out. Not all Avia Aqua Shoes shoes are designed to enable this.
Sole replacement: soles also wear out. Not all shoes can have Avia Aqua Shoes their soles replaced.
Shoelace Avia Aqua Shoes replacement.
When unfit for use, shoes can be treated as trash or municipal solid waste and disposed of. The exception can be with most Avia Aqua Shoes athletic sneakers which can Avia Aqua Shoes be recycled and turned into other raw Avia Aqua Shoes materials. See Nike Grind as an example.
Someone who makes or repairs shoes in a shop is called a cobbler.
Shoe etiquette
In most parts of the world (Asia, Eastern Europe, parts of the Middle East and Avia Aqua Shoes Africa, much of Northern Europe and Canada, as well as Alaska) it is customary to remove shoes when entering a house. In some areas of the United States, especially the Midwest, it is expected that visitors remove their shoes unless a host specifically Avia Aqua Shoes invites them to leave their shoes on. People do Avia Aqua Shoes this to avoid bringing dirt, mud or snow into the house. For Avia Aqua Shoes some societies, including those in Asia, indoor Avia Aqua Shoes footwear may Avia Aqua Shoes be provided for guests.
In Avia Aqua Shoes the Middle East, parts of Africa, Korea and Thailand, it is considered rude to show the soles of the feet to others (even accidentally, such as by crossing the legs). In addition, in Thailand, it is an extreme insult for the foot, socks, or shoes to touch someone's head or be placed over it. Although feet Avia Aqua Shoes touching heads is an extremely rare Avia Aqua Shoes occurrence in any society, some Muay Thai boxers Avia Aqua Shoes insult each other by Avia Aqua Shoes "kicking" the opponent's head with their foot (most Muay Thai Avia Aqua Shoes kicks are executed with the shin). |
