Film is a term that encompasses Downloading Movie Legally individual motion pictures, the field of film as an art form, and the motion picture industry. Films are produced by recording images from the world with cameras, or by creating images using animation techniques or special effects.
Films are cultural artifacts created by specific cultures, which reflect those cultures, and, in turn, affect them. Film is considered to be an important art Downloading Movie Legally form, a source of popular entertainment and a Downloading Movie Legally powerful method for educating � or indoctrinating Downloading Movie Legally � Downloading Movie Legally citizens. The visual Downloading Movie Legally elements of cinema gives motion pictures a universal power Downloading Movie Legally of communication. Some Downloading Movie Legally films have become popular worldwide attractions by using dubbing or subtitles that translate the dialogue.
Traditional films are made up of a series of individual images called frames. When these images are shown Downloading Movie Legally rapidly in succession, a viewer Downloading Movie Legally has the illusion that Downloading Movie Legally motion is occurring. The viewer cannot see the flickering between frames due to an effect known as persistence of vision, whereby the eye retains a
The origin of the name "film" comes from the fact that photographic film (also called film stock) had historically been the Downloading Movie Legally primary medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms Downloading Movie Legally exist for an individual motion picture, including picture, picture Downloading Movie Legally show, photo-play, flick, and most commonly, movie. Additional terms for the field in general include Downloading Movie Legally the big screen, the silver screen, the cinema, and Downloading Movie Legally the Downloading Movie Legally movies.In the 1860s, mechanisms for producing artificially created, two-dimensional images in Downloading Movie Legally motion were demonstrated with devices such as the zoetrope and the praxinoscope. These machines were outgrowths of simple optical devices (such as magic lanterns) and would display sequences of still pictures at sufficient speed for the images on the pictures Downloading Movie Legally to appear to be moving, a phenomenon called persistence of vision. Naturally, the images needed to be carefully designed to achieve the desired Downloading Movie Legally effect � and the underlying principle became the basis for the development of film animation.
A frame from Roundhay Garden Scene, the world's earliest film, by Louis Le Prince, 1888
With Downloading Movie Legally the development of celluloid film for still photography, it became possible to directly capture objects in motion in real time. Early versions of the technology sometimes required a person to look into a viewing machine to see the pictures which were separate paper prints attached to a drum turned by a handcrank. The pictures were shown at a variable speed of about 5 to 10 pictures per second depending on how rapidly Downloading Movie Legally the crank was turned. Some of these machines were coin operated. By the 1880s, the development of the The Movie Coach Carter motion picture camera allowed the individual component images to be captured and stored on a single reel, and led quickly to the development of a motion picture projector Downloading Movie Legally to shine light through the processed and printed film and magnify these "moving picture shows" onto a screen for an entire audience. These reels, so exhibited, came to be known as "motion pictures". Downloading Movie Legally Early motion pictures were static shots that showed an event or action with no editing or other cinematic techniques.
Ignoring Dickson's early sound Downloading Movie Legally experiments (1894), commercial motion pictures were purely visual art through the late Downloading Movie Legally 19th century, but these innovative silent films had gained a hold on the public imagination. Downloading Movie Legally Around the turn of the twentieth century, films began developing a narrative structure by stringing scenes together Cancer Fear Movie to tell narratives. The scenes Downloading Movie Legally were Downloading Movie Legally later broken up into multiple shots of Downloading Movie Legally varying sizes Downloading Movie Legally and angles. Other techniques such as Downloading Movie Legally camera movement were realized as effective ways to portray a story on film. Rather than leave the audience in silence, theater Downloading Movie Legally owners would hire a pianist or organist or a full orchestra to play Downloading Movie Legally music fitting the mood of the film at any given moment. Downloading Movie Legally By the early 1920s, most films came with a Downloading Movie Legally prepared list of sheet music for this purpose, with Downloading Movie Legally complete film scores being composed for major productions.
A Downloading Movie Legally shot from Georges Melies Le Voyage dans Hypnotic Movie la Lune (A Trip to the Moon) (1902), an early narrative Downloading Movie Legally film.
The rise of European cinema was interrupted by the breakout of World War I while the film industry in United States flourished with the rise of Hollywood. However in the 1920s, European filmmakers such as Downloading Movie Legally Sergei Eisenstein, F. W. Downloading Movie Legally Murnau, and Fritz Downloading Movie Legally Lang, along with American innovator D. Downloading Movie Legally W. Griffith and the contributions of Charles Chaplin, Buster Keaton and others, continued to advance the medium. In Downloading Movie Legally the 1920s, new technology allowed filmmakers to attach to each film a soundtrack of speech, Downloading Movie Legally music and sound effects synchronized with the action on the screen. These sound films were Downloading Movie Legally initially distinguished by calling them "talking pictures", or talkies.
The next major step in the development of cinema was the Downloading Movie Legally introduction of so-called "natural" color. While the addition of sound quickly eclipsed Downloading Movie Legally silent film and theater musicians, color was adopted more gradually as methods evolved making it more practical and cost effective to produce "natural color" films. The public Downloading Movie Legally was relatively indifferent to color photography Downloading Movie Legally as opposed to black-and-white,[citation needed] but as Downloading Movie Legally color processes improved and Downloading Movie Legally became as affordable as black-and-white film, more and more movies were filmed in color after the end of World War II, as the industry in America Downloading Movie Legally came to view color as essential to attracting audiences in its competition with television, Downloading Movie Legally which remained a black-and-white medium until the mid-1960s. By the end of the 1960s, col
Since the Downloading Movie Legally decline of the studio system in the 1960s, the succeeding decades saw changes in the production and style of film. Downloading Movie Legally New Hollywood, French New Downloading Movie Legally Wave and the rise of film school educated independent filmmakers were all part of the changes the medium experienced in the latter half of Downloading Movie Legally the 20th century. Downloading Movie Legally Digital Downloading Movie Legally technology has been the driving Downloading Movie Legally force in change throughout the 1990s and into the 21st century.
Theory
Main article: Film theory
Film theory seeks to develop concise and systematic concepts Downloading Movie Legally that apply to Downloading Movie Legally the study of film as art. It was started by Ricciotto Canudo's The Birth of the Sixth Art. Formalist film theory, led by Rudolf Arnheim, Bela Balazs, and Siegfried Kracauer, emphasized how film differed from reality, and thus could be Downloading Movie Legally considered a valid fine art. Andre Bazin reacted Downloading Movie Legally against this theory by arguing that film's artistic essence lay in its ability to mechanically reproduce reality not in its differences from reality, and this gave rise Downloading Movie Legally to realist theory. More recent analysis spurred by Lacan's Downloading Movie Legally psychoanalysis Downloading Movie Legally and Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotics among other things has given rise to Downloading Movie Legally psychoanalytical film theory, structuralist film Downloading Movie Legally theory, Downloading Movie Legally feminist film theory and others.
Criticism
Main article: Film criticism
Film criticism is the analysis and evaluation of films. In Downloading Movie Legally general, Downloading Movie Legally these works can be divided into two categories: academic criticism by Downloading Movie Legally film scholars and journalistic film criticism Downloading Movie Legally that appears regularly in newspapers and other Downloading Movie Legally media.
Film critics working for newspapers, magazines, and broadcast media mainly review new releases. Normally they only see any given film once and have only a day or two to formulate opinions. Despite this, critics have an important Downloading Movie Legally impact on Downloading Movie Legally films, Downloading Movie Legally especially those of certain Downloading Movie Legally genres. Downloading Movie Legally Mass marketed action, horror, Downloading Movie Legally and comedy films tend not to be greatly Downloading Movie Legally affected by a critic's overall Downloading Movie Legally judgment of a film. The plot summary and description of a film that makes Downloading Movie Legally up the majority of any film Downloading Movie Legally review can still have an important impact on whether people decide to see a film. For prestige films such as most dramas, the influence of reviews is extremely important. Poor reviews will often doom a film to obscurity and financial loss.
The impact of a reviewer on Downloading Movie Legally a given film's box office performance is a matter of Downloading Movie Legally debate. Some Downloading Movie Legally claim that movie marketing is now so intense and well Downloading Movie Legally financed that reviewers cannot make an impact against it. However, Downloading Movie Legally the cataclysmic failure of some heavily-promoted movies which were harshly Downloading Movie Legally reviewed, as well as the unexpected success of critically praised independent movies indicates that extreme Downloading Movie Legally critical Downloading Movie Legally reactions can have considerable influence. Others note Downloading Movie Legally that positive film reviews have been shown to spark interest in Downloading Movie Legally little-known films. Conversely, there have been several Downloading Movie Legally films in which film companies Downloading Movie Legally have so little confidence Downloading Movie Legally that Downloading Movie Legally they refuse to Downloading Movie Legally give reviewers an advanced viewing to avoid widespread panning of the film. However, this usually backfires as Downloading Movie Legally reviewers are wise Downloading Movie Legally to the tactic and warn the public that the film may not be worth seeing and the films often Downloading Movie Legally do poorly as a result.
It is argued that journalist film critics should only Downloading Movie Legally be known as film reviewers, Downloading Movie Legally and true film critics are Downloading Movie Legally those who take a more academic approach to films. This line Downloading Movie Legally of work is more Downloading Movie Legally often known as film Downloading Movie Legally theory or film Downloading Movie Legally studies. These film critics attempt to come to understand how film and filming techniques work, and what Downloading Movie Legally effect they have Downloading Movie Legally on people. Rather than having Downloading Movie Legally their works published Downloading Movie Legally in newspapers or Downloading Movie Legally appear on television, their articles are published in scholarly journals, or sometimes in up-market magazines. They also tend to be affiliated with colleges or universities.
Industry
Main article: Film industry
The making Downloading Movie Legally and Downloading Movie Legally showing of motion pictures became a Downloading Movie Legally source of profit almost as soon as the process Downloading Movie Legally was invented. Upon seeing Male Bestiality Movie how successful their new invention, and its product, was in their native France, the Lumieres quickly set about touring the Continent to exhibit Downloading Movie Legally the first films privately to royalty and publicly to the masses. In each country, they would normally add new, local scenes to their catalogue and, quickly enough, found local entrepreneurs in the various countries of Downloading Movie Legally Europe to buy their equipment and photograph, export, import and screen Downloading Movie Legally additional product commercially. The Oberammergau Passion Play of 1898[citation needed] was the first commercial motion Downloading Movie Legally picture ever produced. Other Downloading Movie Legally pictures soon followed, and motion pictures Downloading Movie Legally became a separate industry that overshadowed the vaudeville world. Dedicated theaters and companies formed specifically to produce and distribute films, while motion picture actors became major celebrities and commanded huge fees for their performances. Already by 1917, Charlie Chaplin had a contract that called Downloading Movie Legally for Downloading Movie Legally an annual salary of one million dollars.
In the United States today, Downloading Movie Legally much of the film industry is centered around Hollywood. Other regional centers exist in many Downloading Movie Legally parts of Downloading Movie Legally the Downloading Movie Legally world, such Downloading Movie Legally as Mumbai-centered Bollywood, the Indian film industry's Hindi cinema which produces the largest number of films in the world.[1] Whether the ten thousand-plus feature length films a year produced by the Downloading Movie Legally Valley pornographic film industry should qualify for this title Downloading Movie Legally is the source of some debate.[citation needed] Though the expense involved in making movies has led cinema production Downloading Movie Legally to concentrate under the auspices of movie studios, recent advances in affordable film making equipment Downloading Movie Legally have allowed independent film productions to flourish.
Profit is a key force in the industry, Downloading Movie Legally due to the costly and risky nature of filmmaking; many films have large cost overruns, Downloading Movie Legally a notorious example being Kevin Costner's Waterworld. Yet many filmmakers strive to create works of lasting social significance. The Academy Awards (also known as "the Oscars") are the Downloading Movie Legally most prominent film awards in the United States, providing recognition each year to films, ostensibly based on their artistic merits.
There is also a large industry for educational and instructional films made in lieu of or in addition to Downloading Movie Legally lectures and texts.
Preview
A preview performance refers to a showing of a movie Downloading Movie Legally to a select audience, usually for the purposes of corporate promotions, before the public film premiere itself. Previews are sometimes Downloading Movie Legally used to judge audience reaction, which if unexpectedly Downloading Movie Legally negative, may result Downloading Movie Legally in recutting or even refilming certain Downloading Movie Legally sections. (cf Downloading Movie Legally Audience response.)
Trailer
Main article: Trailer (film)
Trailers or previews are film advertisements for films that will be exhibited in the future at a cinema, on whose Downloading Movie Legally screen they are shown. The term "trailer" comes from Downloading Movie Legally their having originally been shown at the end of a film Downloading Movie Legally programme. That Downloading Movie Legally practice did not last long, because patrons tended to leave the theater after the films ended, but the name has stuck. Trailers Downloading Movie Legally are now shown before the film (or the A movie in a double feature program) begins.
The nature of the Downloading Movie Legally film determines the size and type of crew required during filmmaking. Many Hollywood adventure films need computer generated imagery (CGI), created by dozens of 3D modellers, animators, rotoscopers and compositors. However, a low-budget, independent film may be made with a skeleton crew, often paid very little. Also, an open Downloading Movie Legally source film may be Downloading Movie Legally produced through open, collaborative processes. Filmmaking takes place Downloading Movie Legally all Downloading Movie Legally over the world using different technologies, styles Downloading Movie Legally of acting and genre, and is produced in Downloading Movie Legally a variety of Downloading Movie Legally economic contexts Downloading Movie Legally that range from state-sponsored documentary in China to profit-oriented movie making within the American studio system.
This production cycle typically takes three years. The Downloading Movie Legally first year is taken up with development. The second year comprises preproduction and production. The third year, post-production and distribution.
Crew
Main article: Film crew
A film crew is a group of people hired by Downloading Movie Legally a film company, employed during the "production" or "photography" phase, for the purpose of producing a film or motion picture. Crew are distinguished from cast, the actors Downloading Movie Legally who appear in front of the camera or provide voices for characters Downloading Movie Legally in the film. The crew interacts with but is also distinct Downloading Movie Legally from the production staff, Downloading Movie Legally consisting of producers, managers, company representatives, their assistants, Dark Rising Movie and those whose primary Downloading Movie Legally responsibility falls in pre-production or post-production Downloading Movie Legally phases, such as writers and editors. Communication between production and Downloading Movie Legally crew generally passes through the director and his/her staff of assistants. Medium-to-large crews are generally divided into departments Downloading Movie Legally with well defined Downloading Movie Legally hierarchies and Downloading Movie Legally standards for interaction and cooperation between the departments. Other than acting, the crew Downloading Movie Legally handles everything in the photography phase: props and Downloading Movie Legally costumes, shooting, sound, electrics (i.e., lights), sets, and production special effects. Caterers (known in the film Downloading Movie Legally industry Indianapolis Movie Downtown as "craft services") are usually not considered part of the crew.
Technology
Film stock consists of transparent celluloid, acetate, or polyester base coated with an emulsion Downloading Movie Legally containing Downloading Movie Legally light-sensitive chemicals. Cellulose nitrate was the first type of film base used to record motion pictures, but due to its flammability was eventually replaced by safer Downloading Movie Legally materials. Stock widths and the film format for images on the reel have had a rich history, though most large commercial Downloading Movie Legally films Downloading Movie Legally are Downloading Movie Legally still shot on (and distributed to theaters) Downloading Movie Legally as 35 mm prints.
Originally moving picture film was shot and projected at various speeds using Downloading Movie Legally hand-cranked cameras and projectors; though 1000 frames per minute (16? frame/s) is generally cited as a standard silent speed, research indicates most films Downloading Movie Legally were shot between 16 frame/s and 23 frame/s and projected from Downloading Movie Legally 18 frame/s Downloading Movie Legally on up (often reels included instructions on how fast each scene should be shown) [1]. When sound film was introduced in the late 1920s, Downloading Movie Legally a constant Downloading Movie Legally speed was required for the sound head. Downloading Movie Legally 24 frames per second was chosen because it was Downloading Movie Legally the slowest (and thus cheapest) Downloading Movie Legally speed which allowed for sufficient sound quality. Improvements since the late 19th century include the mechanization Downloading Movie Legally of cameras Downloading Movie Legally � allowing them to record at a consistent speed, quiet camera design � allowing sound recorded Downloading Movie Legally on-set to be usable Downloading Movie Legally without requiring large "blimps" to encase the Downloading Movie Legally camera, the invention of more sophisticated filmstocks and lenses, allowing directors to film in increasingly Downloading Movie Legally dim conditions, and the development of synchronized sound, allowing sound to be recorded at exactly the same speed as its corresponding action. The soundtrack can be recorded separately from shooting the film, but for live-action pictures many parts of the soundtrack are usually recorded simultaneously.
As a medium, film is not limited to motion pictures, since the technology developed as the basis for photography. It can be used to present a progressive sequence of still images in the form of a Downloading Movie Legally slideshow. Film has also been incorporated into multimedia presentations, and often has importance as primary historical documentation. However, Downloading Movie Legally historic films have Downloading Movie Legally problems in Downloading Movie Legally terms of preservation and storage, and the motion picture industry is exploring many alternatives. Most movies on cellulose nitrate base have been copied onto Downloading Movie Legally modern safety films. Some studios save color films through the use of separation masters Downloading Movie Legally � Downloading Movie Legally three Downloading Movie Legally B&W negatives each exposed through Downloading Movie Legally red, green, or Downloading Movie Legally blue filters (essentially a reverse of Downloading Movie Legally the Technicolor process). Digital methods have also been used to restore Downloading Movie Legally films, although their continued obsolescence cycle makes them (as of 2006) a poor choice for long-term preservation. Film preservation of decaying Downloading Movie Legally film Downloading Movie Legally stock is a matter Walt Disney Movie of concern to both film historians and archivists, and to companies interested in preserving their Downloading Movie Legally existing products in order to make Downloading Movie Legally them available to future generations (and thereby increase revenue). Downloading Movie Legally Preservation is generally a Downloading Movie Legally higher-concern for nitrate and single-strip color films, due to their high Downloading Movie Legally decay rates; black and white Downloading Movie Legally films on safety bases and color films preserved on Technicolor imbibition prints tend to keep up much better, assuming proper handling and Downloading Movie Legally storage.
Some films in recent decades have been recorded using analog video technology similar to that used in television production. Modern digital video cameras and Downloading Movie Legally digital projectors are gaining ground as well. These approaches are extremely beneficial to moviemakers, Downloading Movie Legally especially because Downloading Movie Legally footage can be evaluated and edited without waiting for the film stock to Downloading Movie Legally be processed. Yet the migration is gradual, and as of Downloading Movie Legally 2005 most major motion pictures are still recorded on film.
Independent
Main article: Downloading Movie Legally Independent film
The Lumiere Brothers
Independent Downloading Movie Legally filmmaking often takes place outside of Hollywood, or other major Downloading Movie Legally studio systems. An independent film (or indie film) is a film initially produced without financing or distribution from a major movie studio. Creative, Downloading Movie Legally business, and technological reasons have all contributed to the growth of the indie film scene in the late 20th and early Downloading Movie Legally 21st century.
On the business side, the costs of big-budget studio films also leads Downloading Movie Legally to conservative choices in cast and crew. There is a trend in Hollywood towards co-financing (over two-thirds of the Downloading Movie Legally films put out by Warner Bros. in 2000 were joint ventures, up from 10% in 1987).[2] A hopeful director Downloading Movie Legally is almost never given Downloading Movie Legally the opportunity to get a job on a big-budget studio film unless he or she has Downloading Movie Legally significant industry experience in film or Downloading Movie Legally television. Also, the studios rarely produce films with unknown actors, particularly in lead roles.
Before the advent of digital alternatives, the cost of professional film equipment and Downloading Movie Legally stock was also a hurdle to being able to Downloading Movie Legally produce, direct, or Downloading Movie Legally star in a traditional studio film. The cost of 35 mm film is outpacing inflation: in 2002 alone, film negative costs were up 23%, according to Variety.[2].
But the advent of consumer camcorders in 1985, and more importantly, the arrival of high-resolution Downloading Movie Legally digital video in the early 1990s, have Downloading Movie Legally lowered the technology barrier to movie Silver Screen Movie Maidens production significantly. Both production and post-production costs have been Downloading Movie Legally significantly lowered; today, the hardware and software for post-production can be installed in a commodity-based personal computer. Technologies such as DVDs, FireWire connections and non-linear editing system pro-level software like Adobe Premiere Pro, Sony Vegas and Apple's Final Cut Pro, and consumer level software such as Apple's Final Cut Express and iMovie make movie-making relatively inexpensive.
Since the introduction of DV technology, Downloading Movie Legally the means of production have become more democratized. Filmmakers can conceivably shoot and edit a movie, create and edit the sound and music, and mix the final cut on a home computer. However, while the means of production may be democratized, Downloading Movie Legally financing, Downloading Movie Legally distribution, and marketing remain difficult to accomplish outside Downloading Movie Legally the traditional system. Most independent filmmakers rely on film festivals to Downloading Movie Legally get their films noticed and sold for distribution. The arrival of internet-based video outlets such Downloading Movie Legally as YouTube and Veoh has further changed the film making landscape in ways Downloading Movie Legally that Downloading Movie Legally are still to be determined.
Open Downloading Movie Legally content film
Main article: Open content film
An open content film is much like an independent film, but it is produced Downloading Movie Legally through open collaborations; its source material is available under a Downloading Movie Legally license Downloading Movie Legally which is permissive enough to allow other parties to create fan Downloading Movie Legally fiction or derivative works, than a traditional copyright. Like independent filmmaking, open source Downloading Movie Legally filmmaking takes place outside of Hollywood, or other major studio systems.
Fan film
Main article: Fan film
A fan film is Downloading Movie Legally a film Downloading Movie Legally or Downloading Movie Legally video inspired by a film, television program, comic book or a similar source, created by fans The Great Dictator Movie rather than by the source's Downloading Movie Legally copyright holders or creators. Fan filmmakers have traditionally been amateurs, but some of the more Downloading Movie Legally notable films have actually been produced by professional filmmakers as film school class projects or as demonstration reels. Fan films Downloading Movie Legally vary tremendously in length, from short Downloading Movie Legally faux-teaser trailers for non-existent motion pictures to rarer full-length motion pictures
Animation is the technique in which each frame of a Downloading Movie Legally film is produced individually, whether generated as a computer graphic, Downloading Movie Legally or by photographing a drawn image, or by Downloading Movie Legally repeatedly making small changes to a model unit (see claymation and Downloading Movie Legally stop motion), and then photographing the result with a special Downloading Movie Legally animation camera. Downloading Movie Legally When the frames are strung together and the resulting film is viewed at a Downloading Movie Legally speed of 16 or more frames per second, there is an illusion of continuous movement (due to the persistence of vision). Generating such a film is very labour intensive and tedious, though the development of computer animation has greatly Downloading Movie Legally sped up the process.
File formats like GIF, QuickTime, Downloading Movie Legally Shockwave and Flash allow animation to be viewed on a computer or over the Internet.
Because animation is very time-consuming and often very expensive to Downloading Movie Legally produce, the Downloading Movie Legally majority of animation for TV and movies comes from professional animation studios. However, the field of independent animation has existed at least since Downloading Movie Legally the 1950s, with animation being Downloading Movie Legally produced by independent studios (and sometimes by a single person). Several independent animation producers have gone on Downloading Movie Legally to enter the professional animation industry.
Limited animation Downloading Movie Legally is a way of increasing production and decreasing costs of Downloading Movie Legally animation by using "short cuts" in the animation process. This method was Downloading Movie Legally pioneered by UPA and popularized by Hanna-Barbera, and adapted by other studios as cartoons moved from movie theaters to television.[3]
Although most animation studios are now using digital technologies Downloading Movie Legally in their productions, there is a specific Downloading Movie Legally style of animation that depends on Downloading Movie Legally film. Cameraless animation, made famous by moviemakers Downloading Movie Legally like Norman McLaren, Len Lye and Stan Brakhage, is painted and drawn directly onto pieces of film, and then run through a projector.
Venues
When it is initially produced, a feature film is often Downloading Movie Legally shown to audiences in Downloading Movie Legally a movie theater or cinema. The first theater designed exclusively for Downloading Movie Legally cinema opened in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1905.[4] Thousands of such theaters were built or converted from existing Downloading Movie Legally facilities Downloading Movie Legally within a Downloading Movie Legally few years.[5] In the United States, these theaters came to be known as nickelodeons, Downloading Movie Legally because admission typically cost a nickel (five cents).
Typically, one film is the featured presentation (or feature film). Before the 1970s, there were Downloading Movie Legally "double features"; typically, a high quality "A picture" rented by an independent theater for a lump sum, and a "B Downloading Movie Legally picture" of lower quality rented for a percentage of the gross receipts. Today, the bulk of the material shown before the feature film consists of Downloading Movie Legally previews for upcoming Downloading Movie Legally movies and paid advertisements (also Downloading Movie Legally known as trailers or "The Twenty").
Historically, all mass marketed feature films Downloading Movie Legally were made to be shown in movie theaters. The development of television has allowed films to be broadcast to larger audiences, usually after the film is Downloading Movie Legally no longer being shown in Downloading Movie Legally theaters. Recording technology has also enabled consumers to rent Downloading Movie Legally or buy copies of films on VHS or DVD (and the older formats of laserdisc, VCD and SelectaVision � see also videodisc), and Downloading Movie Legally Internet downloads may be available and have started to become Downloading Movie Legally revenue sources for the film Downloading Movie Legally companies. Some films are now made specifically for these other venues, being released as made-for-TV movies or direct-to-video movies. The production values on these films are often Downloading Movie Legally considered to be of inferior quality compared to theatrical Downloading Movie Legally releases in similar genres, and indeed, some films that are rejected Downloading Movie Legally by their own studios upon completion are Downloading Movie Legally distributed through Downloading Movie Legally these markets.
The movie theater pays an average of about 50-55% of its ticket sales Downloading Movie Legally to the movie studio, Downloading Movie Legally as film rental fees.[6] The actual percentage starts Downloading Movie Legally with a number higher than that, and decreases as the duration of a film's showing continues, as an incentive to theaters to keep movies Lifetime Movie Wisegal in the Downloading Movie Legally theater longer. However, today's barrage of highly marketed movies ensures that most movies are shown in first-run theaters for less than 8 weeks. There are a few movies Downloading Movie Legally every year that defy this rule, often limited-release movies that start in only a few theaters Downloading Movie Legally and actually grow their theater count through good word-of-mouth and Downloading Movie Legally reviews. According to a 2000 study Downloading Movie Legally by ABN AMRO, about 26% of Hollywood movie studios' worldwide Downloading Movie Legally income came Downloading Movie Legally from box office ticket sales; 46% came from VHS and DVD Downloading Movie Legally sales to consumers; and 28% came from television (broadcast, cable, and pay-per-view).[6]
Future state
While motion picture films have been around for more than a century, film is still a relative newcomer Downloading Movie Legally in the pantheon of fine arts. In the 1950s, when television became widely available, industry Downloading Movie Legally analysts predicted the demise of local movie theaters. Despite competition from television's increasing technological sophistication over the 1960s and 1970s, such as the development of color television Downloading Movie Legally and large screens, motion picture cinemas continued. In the Downloading Movie Legally 1980s, Downloading Movie Legally when the widespread availability of inexpensive videocassette recorders enabled people to select films for home viewing, industry analysts Downloading Movie Legally again wrongly predicted Downloading Movie Legally the death of Downloading Movie Legally the local cinemas.
In the 1990s and 2000s the development Downloading Movie Legally of digital DVD players, home theater amplification systems with surround sound and subwoofers, and Downloading Movie Legally large LCD or plasma screens enabled Downloading Movie Legally people to select and view films at home with Downloading Movie Legally greatly improved audio and Downloading Movie Legally visual reproduction. These new technologies provided audio and visual that in the past only local cinemas had been able to provide: a large, clear Downloading Movie Legally widescreen presentation of a film with a full-range, high-quality multi-speaker sound system. Once again industry analysts predicted the demise of Downloading Movie Legally the local cinema. Local cinemas will be changing in the 2000s and moving towards Downloading Movie Legally digital screens, a new approach Downloading Movie Legally which will Downloading Movie Legally allow Downloading Movie Legally for easier and quicker Downloading Movie Legally distribution of films (via satellite or Downloading Movie Legally hard disks), a Downloading Movie Legally development which may give |
