Film is a term that encompasses individual motion pictures, The Movie Expelled the field of film as an art form, and the motion picture industry. Films are produced by recording images from the world The Movie Expelled with cameras, or by creating images using animation techniques or special effects.
Films are cultural artifacts created by specific cultures, which reflect those cultures, and, in turn, affect The Movie Expelled them. Film is considered to be an important art form, a source of popular The Movie Expelled entertainment and a powerful method for educating � or indoctrinating The Movie Expelled � citizens. The visual elements of cinema gives motion pictures a universal power of communication. Some films have become popular The Movie Expelled worldwide attractions by using dubbing or subtitles that translate the dialogue.
Traditional films are made The Movie Expelled up of a series of individual images The Movie Expelled called frames. When The Movie Expelled these images are shown The Movie Expelled rapidly in succession, a The Movie Expelled viewer has the illusion that motion is occurring. The viewer cannot see the flickering between frames due to an effect known as persistence of vision, whereby the eye retains The Movie Expelled a
The origin of the name "film" comes from the fact that photographic film (also The Movie Expelled called film stock) had historically been the primary The Movie Expelled medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms exist for an individual motion picture, including picture, picture show, photo-play, flick, The Movie Expelled and most commonly, movie. The Movie Expelled Additional terms for the field in general include the big screen, the The Movie Expelled silver screen, the cinema, and the The Movie Expelled movies.In the 1860s, mechanisms for producing artificially created, two-dimensional images in motion The Movie Expelled were demonstrated with devices such as The Movie Expelled the zoetrope and The Movie Expelled the praxinoscope. These machines were The Movie Expelled outgrowths of simple optical devices (such as magic lanterns) and would display sequences of still pictures at sufficient speed The Movie Expelled for the images on the pictures to appear to be moving, a phenomenon called persistence of vision. Naturally, the images needed to The Movie Expelled be carefully designed to achieve the desired effect � and the underlying principle became the basis for the development of film animation.
A frame from Roundhay Garden Scene, the The Movie Expelled world's earliest film, The Movie Expelled by Louis Le Prince, 1888
With the development of The Movie Expelled celluloid film for still The Movie Expelled photography, it became possible to directly capture objects in motion in real time. Early versions of the technology sometimes required a person to look into a The Movie Expelled viewing machine The Movie Expelled to see the The Movie Expelled pictures which were separate paper prints attached to a drum turned by a handcrank. The The Movie Expelled pictures were The Movie Expelled shown at The Movie Expelled a variable speed of about 5 to 10 pictures per second The Movie Expelled depending on how rapidly the crank was turned. Some of these machines were coin operated. By The Movie Expelled the 1880s, the development of the motion picture camera The Movie Expelled allowed the individual component The Movie Expelled images to be captured and stored on a single reel, and led quickly to the development of a motion picture projector to shine light through the processed and printed film and magnify these "moving picture shows" onto a screen for The Movie Expelled an entire audience. These reels, so exhibited, came to be known as "motion pictures". Early motion pictures were static shots that showed an event or action with no editing or other cinematic techniques.
Ignoring Dickson's early sound experiments (1894), commercial motion pictures were purely visual art through the late 19th century, but these innovative silent films had gained a hold on the public The Movie Expelled imagination. Around the turn of the twentieth century, films began developing a narrative structure by stringing scenes together to tell narratives. The Movie Expelled The scenes were later The Movie Expelled broken The Movie Expelled up into multiple shots The Movie Expelled of varying sizes and angles. Other The Movie Expelled techniques such as camera The Movie Expelled movement were realized as The Movie Expelled effective ways The Movie Expelled to portray a story on film. Rather than leave the audience in silence, theater owners would hire a pianist or organist or a The Movie Expelled full orchestra to play music fitting the mood of the film at any given moment. By the early 1920s, most films came with a prepared list of sheet music for The Movie Expelled this purpose, with complete film scores being composed for major The Movie Expelled productions.
A shot from Georges Melies Le Voyage dans la Lune (A Trip The Movie Expelled to the Moon) (1902), an The Movie Expelled early The Movie Expelled narrative film.
The rise The Movie Expelled of European cinema was interrupted by the breakout of World The Movie Expelled War I while the film industry in The Movie Expelled United States flourished with The Movie Expelled the rise of Hollywood. However in the 1920s, European filmmakers The Movie Expelled such as Sergei Eisenstein, F. W. Murnau, and Fritz Lang, along with The Movie Expelled American The Movie Expelled innovator D. W. Griffith and the contributions of Charles Chaplin, Buster Keaton and others, continued to advance the medium. In The Movie Expelled the 1920s, new technology allowed filmmakers to attach to each film a The Movie Expelled soundtrack of speech, music and sound effects synchronized with the action on the screen. These sound films were initially distinguished by calling them The Movie Expelled "talking pictures", or talkies.
The next major step in the development of cinema was the introduction of so-called "natural" color. While the addition of sound quickly eclipsed silent film and theater musicians, color The Movie Expelled was adopted more gradually as The Movie Expelled methods evolved making it The Movie Expelled more practical and cost effective to The Movie Expelled produce "natural color" films. The Movie Expelled The public was relatively indifferent to color photography as opposed to black-and-white,[citation needed] but as color processes improved and became as affordable as black-and-white film, more and more movies were The Movie Expelled filmed in color after the end of World War II, as the industry in America came to view color as essential to attracting audiences in its competition with television, which remained a black-and-white The Movie Expelled medium until the mid-1960s. By the end of the The Movie Expelled 1960s, col
Since the decline of the studio system in the 1960s, The Movie Expelled the succeeding The Movie Expelled decades saw changes in the production and style of film. New Hollywood, The Movie Expelled French New Wave and the rise of film school educated independent filmmakers were all part of the changes the medium experienced in the latter half of the 20th The Movie Expelled century. Digital technology The Movie Expelled has been the driving force in change throughout the 1990s and into the 21st century.
Theory
Main article: Film theory
Film theory seeks to develop The Movie Expelled concise and systematic concepts that apply to the study of film as The Movie Expelled art. It was started by Ricciotto Canudo's The Birth of the Sixth Art. Formalist film theory, led by Rudolf Arnheim, Bela Balazs, and The Movie Expelled Siegfried Kracauer, emphasized how film differed from reality, and thus could be considered a valid The Movie Expelled fine art. Andre Bazin reacted against this theory The Movie Expelled by The Movie Expelled arguing that The Movie Expelled film's artistic essence lay in its ability to mechanically reproduce reality not The Movie Expelled in its differences from reality, and this gave rise to realist The Movie Expelled theory. More recent analysis spurred by Lacan's psychoanalysis and Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotics among The Movie Expelled other things has given rise to psychoanalytical film theory, structuralist film The Movie Expelled theory, feminist film theory and others.
Criticism
Main article: Film criticism
Film criticism is the analysis and evaluation of films. In general, these The Movie Expelled works can be divided into two categories: academic criticism by film scholars and journalistic film criticism that appears regularly in newspapers and other media.
Film critics working for newspapers, magazines, and broadcast media mainly review The Movie Expelled new releases. Normally they only see any given film The Movie Expelled once and have The Movie Expelled only a day or two to The Movie Expelled formulate opinions. Despite this, critics have an important impact on films, especially those of certain genres. Mass marketed action, horror, and comedy films The Movie Expelled tend not to be greatly affected by a critic's overall judgment of a film. The Movie Expelled The plot summary and description of a film that makes up the majority of any film The Movie Expelled review The Movie Expelled can still have an important impact on whether people decide to see a film. For The Movie Expelled prestige films such as most dramas, the The Movie Expelled influence of reviews is extremely important. Poor reviews will often doom a film to The Movie Expelled obscurity and financial loss.
The The Movie Expelled impact of a reviewer on a given film's box office performance is a matter of debate. Some claim that movie marketing is now so intense and well financed that reviewers cannot make an impact against it. The Movie Expelled However, the cataclysmic failure of some heavily-promoted The Movie Expelled movies which were harshly reviewed, as well as the unexpected The Movie Expelled success of critically praised independent movies indicates that The Movie Expelled extreme critical reactions can have considerable influence. Others note that positive film reviews have been The Movie Expelled shown The Movie Expelled to spark interest in little-known films. Conversely, there have been several films in which film companies have so little confidence that they refuse to give reviewers an advanced viewing to avoid widespread panning of the film. However, this usually backfires as reviewers are wise to the tactic and warn the public that the film may not be worth seeing and the films The Movie Expelled often do poorly as a result.
It is argued that journalist film critics should only be known as film reviewers, and true film critics are those who take a more academic approach to films. This line of work is more often known as film theory or film studies. These film critics attempt to come to understand how film and filming The Movie Expelled techniques work, The Movie Expelled and what effect they have on people. Rather than having their works published in newspapers or appear on The Movie Expelled television, their articles are published The Movie Expelled in scholarly journals, or sometimes in up-market The Movie Expelled magazines. They The Movie Expelled also tend to be affiliated with colleges or universities.
Industry
Main article: The Movie Expelled Film industry
The The Movie Expelled making and showing of motion pictures The Movie Expelled became a source of profit almost as soon as the process was invented. Upon seeing how successful their new invention, and its product, was in their native France, the Lumieres quickly set about touring the Continent to exhibit the first films privately to royalty and publicly to the masses. In The Movie Expelled each country, they would The Movie Expelled normally add new, local scenes to their catalogue and, quickly enough, found local entrepreneurs in the various countries of The Movie Expelled Europe to buy their equipment The Movie Expelled and photograph, The Movie Expelled export, The Movie Expelled import and screen additional product commercially. The Oberammergau Passion Play The Movie Expelled of 1898[citation needed] was The Movie Expelled the first commercial motion picture ever produced. The Movie Expelled Other pictures soon followed, and motion pictures became a separate industry that overshadowed the vaudeville world. Dedicated theaters and companies formed specifically to produce and distribute films, while The Movie Expelled motion The Movie Expelled picture actors became major celebrities and commanded huge fees for their The Movie Expelled performances. Already by 1917, Charlie Chaplin had a contract that called for an annual salary The Movie Expelled of one million dollars.
In the United States today, much of the film industry is centered around Hollywood. Other regional centers exist in many parts of The Movie Expelled the The Movie Expelled world, such as Mumbai-centered Bollywood, the Indian film industry's The Movie Expelled Hindi cinema which produces the largest number The Movie Expelled of The Movie Expelled films in the world.[1] Whether the ten thousand-plus feature length The Movie Expelled films a year produced by the Valley pornographic film industry should qualify for this title is the source The Movie Expelled of some debate.[citation needed] Though the expense involved in making movies has led cinema production to concentrate under the auspices of movie studios, recent advances in affordable The Movie Expelled film making equipment have allowed independent film productions to flourish.
Profit is a key force in the The Movie Expelled industry, due to the costly and risky nature of filmmaking; many films have The Movie Expelled large cost overruns, a notorious example The Movie Expelled being Kevin Costner's Waterworld. Yet many filmmakers strive to create works of lasting social significance. The Academy The Movie Expelled Awards (also known as "the Oscars") are the most prominent film awards in the United States, providing The Movie Expelled recognition each year to films, ostensibly based on their artistic merits.
There is also a large industry for educational and instructional films made in lieu of or in addition to lectures and texts.
Preview
A preview performance The Movie Expelled refers to a showing The Movie Expelled of a movie The Movie Expelled to The Movie Expelled a The Movie Expelled select audience, usually for the purposes of corporate promotions, before the public film premiere itself. Previews are sometimes used to judge audience reaction, which The Movie Expelled if unexpectedly negative, may result in recutting or even refilming The Movie Expelled certain sections. (cf Audience response.)
Trailer
Main article: Trailer (film)
Trailers or previews are film advertisements for films that will be exhibited The Movie Expelled in the future at a cinema, on The Movie Expelled whose screen The Movie Expelled they The Movie Expelled are shown. The term "trailer" comes The Movie Expelled from their having originally been shown at the end of a The Movie Expelled film programme. That practice did not last long, because patrons tended to leave the theater after the films ended, but the The Movie Expelled name has stuck. Trailers The Movie Expelled are now shown before the film (or the A movie in a double feature program) begins.
The The Movie Expelled nature of The Movie Expelled the film determines the size and type of crew required during filmmaking. Many Hollywood The Movie Expelled adventure films need computer generated imagery (CGI), created by dozens of The Movie Expelled 3D The Movie Expelled modellers, animators, rotoscopers The Movie Expelled and compositors. However, a low-budget, independent film may be made The Movie Expelled with a skeleton crew, often paid very little. Also, an open source film may The Movie Expelled be produced through open, collaborative processes. Filmmaking takes place all over the The Movie Expelled world using different technologies, styles of acting and genre, and is The Movie Expelled produced in a variety of The Movie Expelled economic contexts that range from state-sponsored documentary in China to profit-oriented movie making within the American studio system.
This production cycle typically takes three years. The first year is taken up with development. The second year comprises preproduction and production. The third year, post-production The Movie Expelled and distribution.
Crew
Main article: Film crew
A film crew is a group of people hired The Movie Expelled by a film company, The Movie Expelled employed during the "production" or "photography" phase, for the purpose of producing a film or motion picture. The Movie Expelled Crew are distinguished from The Movie Expelled cast, the actors who appear in front The Movie Expelled of the camera The Movie Expelled or provide voices for characters in the The Movie Expelled film. The crew interacts with but The Movie Expelled is The Movie Expelled also distinct from The Movie Expelled the production staff, consisting of The Movie Expelled producers, The Movie Expelled managers, company representatives, their assistants, and those whose primary responsibility The Movie Expelled falls in pre-production or post-production phases, such as writers and editors. Communication between production and The Movie Expelled crew generally passes through the director and his/her staff of assistants. The Movie Expelled Medium-to-large crews are generally divided into departments with well defined hierarchies and The Movie Expelled standards for The Movie Expelled interaction and cooperation The Movie Expelled between the departments. Other than acting, The Movie Expelled the crew handles everything in the photography phase: props and costumes, shooting, sound, electrics (i.e., lights), sets, and production special effects. Caterers The Movie Expelled (known in the The Movie Expelled film industry as "craft services") are usually not considered part of the crew.
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Technology
Film stock consists of transparent celluloid, acetate, or polyester base coated with an emulsion containing light-sensitive chemicals. Cellulose nitrate was the first The Movie Expelled type of film base used to record motion pictures, but due to its flammability was eventually replaced by safer materials. Stock widths and the film The Movie Expelled format for images on the reel have had a rich history, though most large commercial films are still shot on (and distributed The Movie Expelled to theaters) as 35 mm prints.
Originally moving picture film was shot and projected at various speeds using hand-cranked cameras and projectors; though 1000 frames per minute (16? frame/s) is generally cited as a standard silent speed, The Movie Expelled research indicates most films were shot between 16 frame/s and 23 frame/s and projected from 18 frame/s on up (often reels included instructions on how fast each scene should be shown) [1]. When sound film The Movie Expelled was introduced in the late 1920s, The Movie Expelled Movie Star Skin Care a constant speed was required for the sound head. 24 frames per second was chosen because it was the slowest (and thus cheapest) speed which allowed for sufficient The Movie Expelled sound quality. Improvements The Movie Expelled since the late 19th century include The Movie Expelled the mechanization of cameras � allowing The Movie Expelled them to record at The Movie Expelled a consistent speed, quiet camera design � allowing sound recorded on-set to be usable without The Movie Expelled requiring large "blimps" to encase The Movie Expelled the camera, the invention of more sophisticated filmstocks and lenses, allowing directors to The Movie Expelled film in increasingly dim conditions, and the development of synchronized sound, allowing sound to be recorded at exactly the same speed as its corresponding action. The Movie Expelled The soundtrack can be The Movie Expelled recorded separately from shooting the film, but for live-action pictures many The Movie Expelled parts of the soundtrack are usually recorded simultaneously.
As a medium, film The Movie Expelled is not limited to motion pictures, since the technology developed as the basis for photography. It can be used to present a progressive sequence of still images in the form of a The Movie Expelled slideshow. Film has also The Movie Expelled been incorporated into multimedia presentations, and often has importance as primary historical documentation. The Movie Expelled However, The Movie Expelled historic films have problems in terms of preservation and storage, and the motion picture industry is exploring many alternatives. Most movies on cellulose nitrate base have been copied onto modern safety films. Some studios save color films through the use The Movie Expelled of separation masters � three B&W negatives each exposed through red, green, or blue filters (essentially a reverse of the Technicolor process). Digital methods have also been used to restore films, although The Movie Expelled their continued obsolescence cycle makes them (as of 2006) a poor choice for long-term preservation. Film preservation of decaying film stock is a matter of concern to both film historians and archivists, and to companies interested in preserving their existing products in order to make The Movie Expelled them available to future generations (and thereby increase revenue). Preservation is generally a higher-concern for nitrate and single-strip color films, due to their high The Movie Expelled decay rates; black and white films on safety bases and color films preserved on Technicolor The Movie Expelled imbibition prints tend to keep up much better, assuming proper handling and storage.
Some films in recent decades have been recorded using analog video technology similar to that used in television production. Modern digital video cameras and digital projectors are gaining ground as well. These approaches are extremely beneficial to moviemakers, especially because footage The Movie Expelled can be The Movie Expelled evaluated and edited without waiting for the film stock to be processed. Yet the migration is gradual, and as of 2005 most major motion pictures The Movie Expelled are still The Movie Expelled recorded on film.
Independent
Main article: Independent film
The Lumiere Brothers
Independent filmmaking often takes place outside of Hollywood, or other major studio systems. The Movie Expelled An independent film (or indie film) is a film initially produced without The Movie Expelled financing or distribution from a major The Movie Expelled movie studio. Creative, business, and technological reasons have all contributed to the growth of The Movie Expelled the indie film scene in the The Movie Expelled late 20th and early 21st century.
On the business side, the costs of big-budget studio films also leads The Movie Expelled to conservative choices in cast The Movie Expelled and The Movie Expelled crew. There is The Movie Expelled a trend in The Movie Expelled Hollywood towards co-financing (over two-thirds of the films put out by Warner Bros. in 2000 were joint ventures, up from 10% in 1987).[2] The Movie Expelled A hopeful director is almost never given the opportunity to get a job on a big-budget studio film unless he or she has significant industry experience in film or television. Also, the The Movie Expelled studios rarely produce films with unknown actors, particularly in The Movie Expelled lead roles.
Before the advent of digital alternatives, the cost of professional film The Movie Expelled equipment and stock was also a hurdle to being able to produce, direct, or star in a traditional studio film. The cost The Movie Expelled of 35 mm film is outpacing inflation: in 2002 alone, film negative costs were up 23%, according to Variety.[2].
But the advent of consumer camcorders in The Movie Expelled 1985, The Movie Expelled and more importantly, the arrival of high-resolution digital video in the early 1990s, have lowered The Movie Expelled the technology barrier to movie production significantly. Both production and post-production costs have been significantly lowered; today, the hardware and software for post-production can be installed in The Movie Expelled a commodity-based personal computer. Technologies such as The Movie Expelled DVDs, FireWire connections and non-linear editing system pro-level software like Adobe Premiere Pro, Sony The Movie Expelled Vegas The Movie Expelled and Apple's Final Cut Pro, and consumer level software such as Apple's Final Cut Express and iMovie make movie-making The Movie Expelled relatively The Movie Expelled inexpensive.
Since the introduction of DV The Movie Expelled technology, the means of production have become more democratized. Filmmakers can conceivably shoot The Movie Expelled and edit a movie, create and edit the sound and music, and mix the final cut on a home The Movie Expelled computer. However, while the means of production may be democratized, financing, distribution, and marketing The Movie Expelled remain difficult to accomplish outside the traditional system. Most independent filmmakers rely on film festivals to get their films noticed and sold for distribution. The arrival of internet-based video outlets such as YouTube and Veoh has further The Movie Expelled changed the film making landscape in ways that are still The Movie Expelled to The Movie Expelled be The Movie Expelled determined.
Open content The Movie Expelled film
Main article: Open content film
An open content film The Movie Expelled is much like The Movie Expelled an independent The Movie Expelled film, but it is produced through open collaborations; its source material The Movie Expelled is available The Movie Expelled under a license which is permissive enough to allow other parties to create fan fiction or derivative works, than a traditional copyright. Like The Movie Expelled independent filmmaking, open source filmmaking takes place outside of Hollywood, or other major studio systems.
Fan film
Main The Movie Expelled article: The Movie Expelled Fan The Movie Expelled film
A The Movie Expelled fan film is a film or The Movie Expelled video inspired The Movie Expelled by a film, television program, comic book or The Movie Expelled a similar The Movie Expelled source, The Movie Expelled created The Movie Expelled by fans rather than by the source's copyright holders or creators. Fan The Movie Expelled filmmakers have traditionally been amateurs, but some of the more notable films have actually been produced by professional filmmakers as film school class projects or as demonstration reels. Fan films vary tremendously in length, from short faux-teaser The Movie Expelled trailers for non-existent motion pictures The Movie Expelled to rarer full-length motion pictures
Animation is the technique in which each frame of a film is produced individually, whether generated The Movie Expelled as a computer graphic, or by photographing a drawn The Movie Expelled image, or by repeatedly making small changes to a model unit (see claymation and stop motion), and then photographing The Movie Expelled the The Movie Expelled result with a The Movie Expelled special The Movie Expelled animation camera. When the frames are strung together and the resulting film is viewed at a The Movie Expelled speed The Movie Expelled of 16 or more frames per second, there is an illusion of continuous movement (due to the persistence of vision). Generating such a film is very labour The Movie Expelled intensive and tedious, though the development of computer animation has greatly sped The Movie Expelled up the The Movie Expelled process.
File formats like GIF, QuickTime, The Movie Expelled Shockwave and Flash allow animation to be viewed on a computer or over the Internet.
Because animation is very time-consuming and often very expensive to produce, the majority of animation for TV and movies comes from professional animation studios. However, the field of independent animation has existed at least since the 1950s, with animation being produced by The Movie Expelled independent studios (and sometimes by a single person). The Movie Expelled Several independent animation producers have gone on to enter the professional animation industry.
Limited The Movie Expelled animation is a way of increasing production and decreasing costs of animation by using The Movie Expelled "short cuts" in the animation process. This method was pioneered by UPA and popularized by Hanna-Barbera, and adapted by other studios as cartoons moved from movie theaters to television.[3]
Although most animation studios are now The Movie Expelled using digital technologies in their productions, there is a specific style of animation that depends on film. The Movie Expelled Cameraless animation, made famous The Movie Expelled by moviemakers like Norman McLaren, Len Lye and Stan Brakhage, is painted and drawn directly onto pieces of film, and The Movie Expelled then run through a projector.
Venues
When it is initially produced, a feature film is The Movie Expelled often shown The Movie Expelled to audiences The Movie Expelled in a movie theater or cinema. The first theater designed exclusively for The Movie Expelled cinema opened in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1905.[4] Thousands of such theaters The Movie Expelled were built or converted from existing facilities within a few years.[5] In the United States, these theaters came to be known as nickelodeons, because admission typically cost The Movie Expelled a nickel (five cents).
Typically, one film is the featured presentation (or feature film). Before the 1970s, there were "double features"; typically, a high quality "A picture" rented by an independent theater for a lump The Movie Expelled sum, and a "B picture" of lower quality rented for a percentage of the gross receipts. Today, the bulk of the material shown before the feature film consists of previews for upcoming movies and paid advertisements (also known The Movie Expelled as trailers or "The The Movie Expelled Twenty").
Historically, all mass marketed feature films were made to be shown in movie theaters. The development of television has allowed films to be broadcast to larger audiences, usually after the film The Movie Expelled is no longer being shown in theaters. Recording technology has also enabled consumers to rent or buy copies The Movie Expelled of films on VHS or DVD (and the older formats of laserdisc, VCD and SelectaVision � see also videodisc), and Internet downloads may be available and have started to become revenue sources for the film companies. Some films are now made specifically for these The Movie Expelled other venues, being released as made-for-TV movies or direct-to-video movies. The production values on these films are often considered to be of inferior quality The Movie Expelled compared to The Movie Expelled theatrical releases in similar genres, and indeed, some films that are rejected by their The Movie Expelled own studios upon completion are distributed through these markets.
The The Movie Expelled movie theater pays an average of The Movie Expelled about 50-55% of its ticket sales to the movie studio, as film rental fees.[6] The actual percentage starts with a number higher The Movie Expelled than that, and decreases as The Movie Expelled the The Movie Expelled duration of a film's showing continues, as The Movie Expelled an incentive to theaters to The Movie Expelled keep movies in the theater longer. However, today's barrage of highly marketed The Movie Expelled movies ensures that most movies are shown in first-run theaters for less than 8 weeks. There are a few movies every year that defy this rule, often limited-release movies that start in only The Movie Expelled a few theaters and actually grow their theater count through good word-of-mouth and reviews. According to a 2000 study by ABN AMRO, about 26% of Hollywood movie studios' worldwide income came from box The Movie Expelled office ticket The Movie Expelled sales; 46% came from VHS and DVD sales to consumers; and 28% came from television The Movie Expelled (broadcast, cable, and pay-per-view).[6]
Future state
While motion picture films The Movie Expelled have The Movie Expelled been around for more than a century, film is still a relative newcomer in the pantheon of fine arts. In The Movie Expelled the 1950s, when television became widely available, industry analysts predicted the demise of local movie theaters. Despite competition from television's increasing technological sophistication over the The Movie Expelled 1960s The Movie Expelled and The Movie Expelled 1970s, such as the development of color television and large screens, motion picture cinemas continued. In the 1980s, when The Movie Expelled the widespread availability of The Movie Expelled inexpensive videocassette recorders enabled people to select films for The Movie Expelled home The Movie Expelled viewing, industry analysts again wrongly predicted the The Movie Expelled death of the local cinemas.
In The Movie Expelled the 1990s and 2000s the development of digital DVD players, home theater amplification The Movie Expelled systems with surround sound and subwoofers, and large LCD or plasma screens The Movie Expelled enabled people The Movie Expelled to select and view films at home with greatly improved audio and visual The Movie Expelled reproduction. These new technologies The Movie Expelled provided The Movie Expelled audio and visual that The Movie Expelled in the past only local cinemas had been able to provide: The Movie Expelled a large, clear widescreen presentation of a film with a full-range, high-quality multi-speaker sound system. Once again industry analysts predicted the demise of the local cinema. Local cinemas will be changing in the 2000s and moving towards digital screens, The Movie Expelled a new approach which will allow for easier and quicker distribution of films (via satellite or hard disks), a development which may give local theaters a reprieve from their The Movie Expelled predicted The Movie Expelled demise.
The cinema now The Movie Expelled faces a new challenge from home video The Movie Expelled by The Movie Expelled the likes of a new DVD format Blu-ray, The Movie Expelled which can provide full HD 1080p video playback at near cinema quality. Video The Movie Expelled formats are gradually catching up with the resolutions and quality that film offers, 1080p in Blu-ray offers a pixel resolution of 1920?1080 a leap from the DVD offering The Movie Expelled of The Movie Expelled 720?480 and the paltry 330?480 The Movie Expelled offered by the first home video standard VHS. The maximum resolutions that film currently offers are 2485?2970 or 1420?3390, UHD, a future digital video format, will offer a massive resolution of 7680?4320, surpassing all current film resolutions. The only The Movie Expelled viable competitor to these The Movie Expelled new innovations is IMAX which can play film The Movie Expelled content at an extreme 10000?7000 resolution.
Despite the The Movie Expelled rise The Movie Expelled of The Movie Expelled all new technologies, the development of the home video market and a surge of online piracy, 2007 The Movie Expelled was a record year in film that showed the highest ever box-office grosses. Many expected film to suffer as a result of the effects listed above but it has flourished, strengthening film The Movie Expelled studio expectations for the future. |
