CA1055690A - Training machine for keyboards - Google Patents
Training machine for keyboardsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1055690A CA1055690A CA230,638A CA230638A CA1055690A CA 1055690 A CA1055690 A CA 1055690A CA 230638 A CA230638 A CA 230638A CA 1055690 A CA1055690 A CA 1055690A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- character
- coded signal
- binary coded
- signal
- keyboard
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B13/00—Teaching typing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Educational Administration (AREA)
- Educational Technology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrically Operated Instructional Devices (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
- Input From Keyboards Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present invention provides a portable training machine for training keyboard operation comprising, in combination, program reader means for reading out a character coded signal including a plurality of binary coded signal blocks which form a word, display means for displaying characters represented by said plurality of binary coded signal blocks which form said word, keyboard means including a plurality of keys bearing different characters thereon, said keyboard means delivering binary coded signal blocks representing those characters borne on said keys when a student strikes the keys in accordance with said word displayed on said display means, said binary coded signal block from said keyboard means being identical to that from said program reader means for the same character, and control means connected to both said program reader means and said keyboard means to successively compare said binary coded signal blocks from said keyboard means with corresponding binary coded signal blocks from said program reader means to thereby successively erase said characters of said word displayed on said display means when the keys are correctly struck and cause said word to be again displayed on said display means when a key is erroneously struck during the striking of the keys corresponding to the words, said control means further including means for adding to each of said binary coded signal blocks of said character coded signal an additional bit for determining whether a character represented by the binary coded signal block with said additional bit is display on said display means, wherein said control means includes a closed loop memory including a pair of shift registers serially connected, said binary coded signals blocks of said character coded signal being stored in said closed loop memory while recirculating at a high speed therethrough, means for adding an additional bit to each of said binary coded signal blocks entered into one of said shift registers, said display means being responsive to said additional bit for permitting an associated signal block to be displayed as a character on said display means, a latching circuit connected to the one shift register to latch each of said binary coded signal blocks each time it is transferred thereto, a comparison circuit connected to both said keyboard means and said latching circuit to successively compare said binary coded signal blocks from said keyboard means with corresponding binary coded signal blocks from said latching circuit to produce a coincidence signal when each pair of said compared signal blocks are identical to each other said to produce a non-coincidence signal when said pair of compared signal blocks are different from each other, circuit means responsive to said coincidence signal to change said additional bit coupled to that signal block compared with the correct signal block from said keyboard means to erase that character represented by the signal block coupled thereto, and display on said display means, and another circuit means responsive to said non-coincidence signal to return the changed additional bit back to its original bit thereby to again display all the original characters on said display means.
The present invention provides a portable training machine for training keyboard operation comprising, in combination, program reader means for reading out a character coded signal including a plurality of binary coded signal blocks which form a word, display means for displaying characters represented by said plurality of binary coded signal blocks which form said word, keyboard means including a plurality of keys bearing different characters thereon, said keyboard means delivering binary coded signal blocks representing those characters borne on said keys when a student strikes the keys in accordance with said word displayed on said display means, said binary coded signal block from said keyboard means being identical to that from said program reader means for the same character, and control means connected to both said program reader means and said keyboard means to successively compare said binary coded signal blocks from said keyboard means with corresponding binary coded signal blocks from said program reader means to thereby successively erase said characters of said word displayed on said display means when the keys are correctly struck and cause said word to be again displayed on said display means when a key is erroneously struck during the striking of the keys corresponding to the words, said control means further including means for adding to each of said binary coded signal blocks of said character coded signal an additional bit for determining whether a character represented by the binary coded signal block with said additional bit is display on said display means, wherein said control means includes a closed loop memory including a pair of shift registers serially connected, said binary coded signals blocks of said character coded signal being stored in said closed loop memory while recirculating at a high speed therethrough, means for adding an additional bit to each of said binary coded signal blocks entered into one of said shift registers, said display means being responsive to said additional bit for permitting an associated signal block to be displayed as a character on said display means, a latching circuit connected to the one shift register to latch each of said binary coded signal blocks each time it is transferred thereto, a comparison circuit connected to both said keyboard means and said latching circuit to successively compare said binary coded signal blocks from said keyboard means with corresponding binary coded signal blocks from said latching circuit to produce a coincidence signal when each pair of said compared signal blocks are identical to each other said to produce a non-coincidence signal when said pair of compared signal blocks are different from each other, circuit means responsive to said coincidence signal to change said additional bit coupled to that signal block compared with the correct signal block from said keyboard means to erase that character represented by the signal block coupled thereto, and display on said display means, and another circuit means responsive to said non-coincidence signal to return the changed additional bit back to its original bit thereby to again display all the original characters on said display means.
Description
105S691~ -; This invention relates to a training machine for key-boards of input units for electronic computers, typewriters, etc.
; With the rapid advance of recent electronic computers and their peripheral equipments, input devices utilizing key- .
boards have been widely employed and it has been highly desir-able to permit anyone to operate such input device as a part of usual business in offices while not requiring the special skill of specified persons. Conventional training means for such devices have resorted to training schools for typists, and the education conducted in upper secondary schools. Those training means have not always fulfilled the quality and quantity of the goal of the training required in the present age. Further, such . conventional training means are collectively conducted and ; impose on students limitations as to the training schedule and place. Thus it has been impossible to train any individual per-. son in accord with his or her own pace. This has been related to damage to the will of persons desiring training for the opera-.. tion of a typewriter, input units, etc. Therefore is is highly desirable to provide training machines for training an individual person to operate a keyboard of a typewriter, or the like, in a `~ desired time by having the optimum training problems selected by him or her without troubling any other person.
Accordingly it is an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved training machine for effectively training an individual person for keyboards of input units for electronic computers, typewriters, etc. with a simple, unique construction.
.~ The present invention provides a training machine for a keyboard comprising in combination, program reader means for reading out a character coded signal including a plurality of .. binary coded signal blocks to form a word, display means for dis-; playing thereon characters represented by the binary coded signal .' - 2 -i .
:: . : . . . ,, . :
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blocks of the word, keyboard means including a plurality of keys bearing different characters thereon, the keyboard means deliver-ing binary coded signal blocks representing those characters borne on the keys when a student strikes the keys in accordance with the word displayed on the display means, the binary coded signal block from the keyboard means being identical to that from the program reader means for the same character, and control means connected to both the program reader means and the keyboard means to successively compare the binary coded signal blocks from the keyboard means with corresponding binary coded signal blocks from the program reader means thereby to successively erase the characters of the word displayed on the display means when the keys are correctly struck and to cause the word to be again dis-played on the display means when a key is erroneous struck during the striking of the word, the con-trol means further includ-ing means for adding to each of the binary coded signal blocks t an additional bit for determining whether a character represented by the binary coded signal block with the additional bit is dis-played on the display means.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention the control means may include a first shift register connected to the program reader means to temporarily store the binary coded signal blocks therefrom one at a time, a second shift register connected to the first shift register to add the additional bit to each of the binary coded signal blocks transferred from the first shift register, the additional bit permitting the display of the char-acter represented by a matching binary coded signal block on the display means, a third shift register connected to the second shift register to form a closed loop memory in which all the binary coded signal blocks of the word is stored while recirculat- :
ing at a high speed therethrough, a latching circuit connected to the second shift register to latch each of the binary coded sig-. . , .: . .
1~55690 nals each time one of the binary coded signals is transferred ~ thereto, a comparison circuit for successively comparing the f binary coded signal blocks from the keyboard means with corres-.. . .
ponding ones from the latching circuit to supply a coincidence : signal to the second shift register when each signal block from the keyboard means is identical to the corresponding one from . the latching circuit, the coincidence signal being operative to ~:
cause the additional bit to erase a corresponding character dis- : .
` played on the display means, and the comparison circuit being 10 operative, when both binary coded signals are different from each other, to supply a non-coincidence signal to the second .! shift register to again display all the characters of the word .
on the display means.
The present invention will become more readily appar-ent from the ~ollowing detailed description taken in conjunction i~ with the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a training machine for a keyboard constructed in accordance with the principles of I the present invention;
3;1 20 Figure 2 is a functional block diagram of the training ,.~ machine shown in Figure l; .
j Figure 3 is a combined block and circuit diagram illus-h~ trating in more detail the arrangement shown in Figure 2; and '1 Figure 4 is a graphical representation of a character ;~ coded signal used with the present invention.
, Referring now to the drawings and Figure 1 in particu- : i . lar, there is illustrated a training machine for a keyboard of a ~
.
~ typewriter constructed in accordance with the principles of the :, present invention. The arrangement illustrated comprises a tape . 30 reproducer or a program reader 10 and a head-phone 20 mechanically ~- and electrically connectable to the program reader 10. The pro-gram reader 10 is disposed within a casing and includes a magnetic . _ 4 -. ` ' , .. . . . . . .
~ ~ff5569~t tape (not shown) having recorded thereon both audio signals for presenting before a student, problems such as questions, commen-taries on the questions, instructions for actions etc. and character signals in the form of binary coded numbers relating to the above mentioned problems. The program reader 10 further includes a reproducer (not shown) for reproducing the audio and ; character coded signals and functions to issue training programs ~;
for operating keys on the keyboard. The character coded signals will be described in more detail hereinafter. The audio signal reproduced from the program reader 10 is transmitted to the head-phone 20 as shown by the reference character A in Figure 2. The head-phone 20 converts the audio signal to an audio sound which is, in turn, received by the student.
On the other hand, the character coded signal repro-duced from the program reader 10 is supplied to a display unit 30 as will be described in detail hereinafter. The display unit 30 includes a predetermined number, in this case sixteen, of display positions, one for each of the characters included in one problem or a word. Each o the display positions may selec-tively display all the characters expressed by the charactercoded signal and which are also borne on keys on keyboard 40 (see Figure 1). The term "character" used herein and in the claims includes, in addition to any one of the alphabetic letters, any symbols, numerals, indicia, etc. All of the components described are disposed within a single case which is not substantially ;~
larger than that required to house the keyboard so that it is ~ -portable.
As shown in Figure 1, the keyboard 40 includes a plur- ;
ality of keys disposed on the surface of the training machine and having different characters borne thereon. The student can strike any desired one of the keys on the keyboard 40 to produce a cor-responding electrical coded signal. That electrical signal is 69~ -identical to a character coded signal from the program reader :.
10 assigned to the same character as that borne on the strike key.
.~ Figure 1 also shows an error counter 51 and a time . :
keeper 52 horizontally aligned with the display unit 30. The error counter 51 acts to count the number of errors made by the student due to improper striking of the keys and the time keeper 51 indicates a time interval in which the student has completed the particular training course. Further a start switch 60 is disposed to the right, as viewed in Figure 1, of the keyboard 40 and a block 10 shown to the left of the keyboard 40 designates the program reader 10 as above described. The start switch 60 can be operated to put the arrangement of Figure 1 in ope:ration.
The operation of the arrangement as shown in Figure 1 will now be described in conjunction with Figure 2. The program reader 10 is responsive to the closure of the start switch 60 (see Figure 1) to be driven to read an audio signal A and a character coded signal B out from the magnetic tape (not shown).
This results in the read-out of one problem instructing one step of a training course. After having read out the problem, the program reader 10 is caused automatically to halt.
The audio signal A read out is transmitted to the ; student throu~h the head-phone 20 as above described. The char-acter coded signal B read out from the program reader 10 is supplied to a control unit 100 where it is stored in a memory (not shown in Figure 2) disposed therein and also applied, as a :
corresponding character display signal C to the display unit 30, which will be later described in detail with reference to Figure ; 3. The display unit 30 displays characters determined by the character display signal C. Since the display unit 30 is shown in Figure 1 as including the sixteen display positions, the same can display a word, a sentence, a numeral, a symbol or the like .. . . ..
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formed of at most sixteen display elements.
Upon receiving the instruction in the form of an audio sound, the student quickly strikes those keys correctly selected by him or her on the keyboard 40 while seeing the characters displayed on the display unit 30. The keyboard 40 successively produces coded signals assigned to those characters borne on the struck keys and applies them, as keying signal D to the control unit 100. The control unit 100 compares that keying signal D
with a corresponding character coded signal B previously stored therein.
For example, that the program reader 10 has read out a character coded signal B representative of a word "MOON" in the form of a series combination of coded signals for the individual characters. Then the character coded signal B is stored in the ;~ memory ~not shown) included therein and therafter it is supplied, as a corresponding character display signal C to the display unit 30. The display unit 30 responds to the character display sig-nal C to display a word "MOON" thereon so that a first character ~ -"M" of the word is displayed on the leftmost display position as viewed in Figure 1, and a second character "O" thereof is dis-played on the next succeeding display position and so on. The last character "N" of the word "MOON" appears at the fourth dis-play position counted from the left side of the display unit 30.
~ Thus the student sees continuous characters Eorming the word s, "MOON".
In order that the student strikes the keys on the key-board 40 to type -the word "MOON", he or she first selects and ; strikes that key ~not shown) bearing the character "M" -thereon.
This causes a keying signal D including the character "M" in the form of a binary number to be supplied to the control unit 100.
In the control unit 100 the keying signal D for the character "M"
is compared with a coded signal portion for the "M" included in ; . . ~ . . .
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r the character coded signal for the word "MOON" stored in the memory disposed in the control unit 100.
In that event the character coded signal B portion is identical in the codedform tothe keyingsiynal Dbecause thestudent has selected and struck the key for the symbol "M". Then the I control unit 100 produces a coincidence signal indicating that ; both signals B and D are identical to each other to rewrite "~OON" to "OON" in the memory in the manner as will be described later. As a result, the first character "M" of the word "MOON"
displayed on the display unit 40 is erased while the characters 'IOON'' remain displayed thereon. Assuming that the student then successively strikes those keys bearing the characters "O", "O"
and "N" thereon in the named order, the process as above des-cribed is repeated until all the characters are erased from the display unit 30.
When the student is to strike that key bearing the last character "N" thereon he or she may strike an erroneous key, for example, the neighbouring key bearing a character "B" thereon. -~
This causes the control unit 100 to produce a non-coincidence -signal indicating that the now typed character is not identical ;
! to the corresponding character stored in the memory (not shown) thereof, whereby the characters "M", "O" and "O" already erased from the display unit 30 are again displayed on the display unit 30 which will be described in more detail hereinafter. Thus the word "MOON" is again displayed on the display unit 30. This means that the student should again strike the correct keys from the beginning.
After the particular correct word, in this case~ the word "MOON" has been correctly typed, the characters on the dis- -play device 30 disappear while at the same time, the program reader 10 is automatically driven to read out an audio signal ~ ;
and character signals B concerning the next succeeding problem.
' . .
` ~ ~LO55169Ci This results in the repetition of the process as above described.
In this way all the problems recorded on the magnetic tape (not shown) in the program reader 10 were presented before the student while the student struck the keys on the keyboard 40 to complete one training course. At that t:ime the number of errors made by the student and a time interval required for the student to correctly strike the keys on the keyboard 40 were estimated by an estimation indicator 50 (wh:ich includes the error counter 51 and the time keeper 52 as shown in Figure 1) connected to the control unit 100 so that the number of errors is indicated on the error indicator 51 and the training time is indicated on the time keeper 52 (see Figure 1). The indications on the indicator 51 and the time keeper 52 provide a measure of an extent to which the student has been trained. By comparing the measure thus given with the criteria predetermined for each of the training programs upon programming, the student is allowed ; to proceed to the next training course. Alternatively the student is required to repeat the process just completed. The student may be forced to be returned back to the beginning stage in accordance with the indications on the estimation indicator 50.
The operation of the arrangement as shown in Figures 1 : and 2 will now be in more detail described in conjunction with Figure 3. When the student operates the start switch 60, a con-trol circuit 11 for the program reader 10 supplies a starting ; signal a to the program reader 10. The program reader 10 res-ponds to the starting signal a to move forward the magnetic tape (not shown) disposed therein to read out a first one of the pro-grams recorded on the magnetic tape.
The magnetic tape has audio signals recorded in a first track, for example, in an upper track and character coded l signals in a second or lower track thereon. Each of the character ; coded signals has a start-of-problem marker preceding the leading -: g :
. .. . . . . .
:- ~L61 S~69~
~ edge thereof through a predetermined record gap and a stop-of-- problem marker succeeding the tailing edge thereof through a ~;~ predetermined record gap.
A magnetic pickup (not shown) disposed in the program reader 10 converts the audio signal to a corresponding electri-'- cal signal which is, in turn, suitably amplified and conducted ~ through the head-phone 20 to a student. The signal is designated ::`
; by the reference character A. This instructs the student to take the particular training course. ~ ;
On the other hand, the character coded signal B includes signal blocks equal in number to the display positions of the display unit 30. In the example illustrated, the character coded signal B includes sixteen signal blocks labelled lL, 2L, ....
16I- as shown on the upper portion in Figure 4 because the dis-play unit 30 includes the sixteen display positions as above des-cribed~ Each of signal blocks is comprised of a binary pulse train including seven bits or pulses for the following reason: a keyboard disposed, for example, on typewriters generally includes ; characters such as alphabetic letters, numerals, symbols, etc.
amounting to less than one hundred. In order to identify about 100 types of the characters etc. in the form of binary numbers it is required to assign seven bit for each type of the characters etc. because 27 = 128. For example, the first signal block lL
is shown on the lower portion in Figure 4 as including a first bit lb having a value of binary ONE, a second bit 2b having also a value of binary ONE, a third bit 3b having a value of binary ZERO and so on. That is, the first signal block is of a binary number 1101011 assigned for a predetermined character. In this ` way each signal B including the sixteen signal blocks can repre-sent one word, one phrase or the like formed of at most sixteen character. As above described, each character coded signal has ; a start-of-problem marker and a stop-of-problem marker disposed in front .,.,~
10~5~;91~) and to the rear thereof although those markers are not illustrated in Figure 4. Further information may be found in the description for Figure 7 of West-German patent application No. 2,427,371 laid open to public inspection.
The binary coded signal blocks of the character coded signal ~ are serially read out by another magnetic pick (not ! :
shown) disposed in the program reader 10 and then serially del-ivered to the control unit 100 as previously described. The pro- ~
gram reader 10 is similar to a tape reader unit such as shown in -Figure 8 of the above-cited West-German patent application.
Detailed information may be had by reference to the descr:iption for Figure ~ of the cited application.
As shown in Figure 3, the character coded signal B is supplied to and stored in a first shift register 101 including bit positions whose number is equal to the number of bits Eorming each signal block. ~n the ernbodiment illustrated the first shift resistor 101 includes seven bit positions. More specifically, those seven bits forming the first signal block of the character signal B are successively stored in the first shift register 101 in the bit positions. Immediately after the last bit of the first signal block lL of the character signal B has been stored in the ', first shift register 101, the content of the latter is simultan-eously transferred in parallel relationship with respect to the bits to a second shift register 102 whereupon the first shift register 101 is ready for storing the second signal block 2~ of the character coded signal B. The second shift register 102 has a number of bit positions greater one than those of the first shift register 101 and in this case has eight bit positions for a purpose as will be apparent hereinafter.
The second shift register 102 is connected to a third shift register 103 including a plurality, in this case, :L20 bit positions and connected to tlle second shift register 1()2 through ,, ~ . ! , .
`- 105569~
an inhibit gate 104 and an "OR" gate 105 to form a closed loop ~,' memory including 128 bit positions. More specifically, the . inhibit gate 104 includes one input connected to the third shift register 103 and an output connected to one input oE the "OR"
gate 105 including an output connected to t:he second shift register 102.
~- The second shift register 102 is operative to add an - additional bit to each of the 7-bit signal blocks transferred ,; thereto from the first shift register 101 and deliver an 8-bit ,~ . .
signal bloclc to the third shift register 103, in series relation-. ~ .
, ship with respect to the bits and in response to a synchroniz-ing pulse (not shown) applied thereto. At that time the second shift register 102 is eleared and immediately filled with second , siynal bloek 2L from the first shift register 101. Also the ~ixst register 101 is immediately ~illed with the third signal block 3~ of the eharacter signal B. The additional bit ~ollows the seventh bit of each signal bloc]c.
-Then the process as above deseribed is repeated until , the sixteen signal bloeks of the eharaeter signal B amounting to ~ 20 16 x ~ = 12~ bits enter the elosed memory including the seeondand third shift registers 102 and 103 with one bit occupying each , bit position.
In this way the eharacter signal forming the particular ;;j word has been read out from the program reader 10 and stored in ,,~ the second and third shift registers 102 and 103 in the form of a closed loop. That character signal including at most 128 bits ;;
recirculates at a high speed through the closed loop and for an '~ indefinite time. At that time the control circuit 11 receives a stop signal s resulting from the stop-of-problem marker as above described from the program reader 10 to supply a stop signal b to the program reader 10 as shown in Figure 3 to terminate its oper-'~ ation.
. .i '' . ' . ~:- "
, .,; ' :
Under these circumstances the 16 signal blocks of the character signal B thus recirculating are successively developed on that output side of the second shift register 102 connected ; to a latching circuit 106 through eight leads. Then the latching circuit 106 is connected to a character signal generator 107 through eight leads. Although not illustrated in Figure 3, an ~;
address circuit is provided to determine if those 7-bits devel- -oped at the parallel outputs of the second shift register 102 are correctly arranged to represent a single character and also which of the 16 display position of the display unit 30 is occu-pied by that character to provide an address signal tl for determining a time point when the character is displayed at the determined position on the display unit 30. Then the address signal tl is utilized to latch the associated binary coded signal ~lock in the latching circuit 106.
Since the latching circuit 106 has a rewriting cycle dependent upon that address signal tl and since the address signal is produced each time one 8-bit signal block is shifted, that is, each time a piece of information representing a single character is developed, the latching circuit 106 successively delivers the binary coded signal blocks lL, 2L, ..., 16L to the character sig-nal generator 107 with the bits of each signal block put in parallel relationship. In that event the eighth or additional bit as above described is applied to the character signal gener-ator 107 through the lead labelled the reference character c to determine whether or not the mating signal block displays a corresponding character on the display unit 30 in the manner as will be described later.
The display unit 30 connected to the character signal generator 107 includes a plurality, in this case, sixteen, of 5 x 7 dot alphanumeric modules utilizing commercially available semiconductor luminescent diodes and/or plasma gas discharge i ~ 1055690 : . '.
~ lamps. The character signal generator 107 is responsive to the ;-~ applied signal block to produce such a control signal that among 5 x 7 = 35 luminescent elements (not shown) corresponding to ~ 5 x 7 = 35 dots, only those luminescent elements displaying a .~, character for which the signal block is assigned emit light.
The control signal is applied to the display device 30 to dis-. ~ .
play that character at a predetermined display position, for example, at the first display position.
The display unit 30 has further disposed therein both ; 10 a control circuit for disposing the required characters at the sixteen display positions in the correct sequence and a sweep circuit for sw~eping character signals at a high speed to dis-play the required word as if it would be unintermittingly viewed ;
by the student.
It has been found that according to the arrangement asshown in Figure 1 through 3, only several hundreds o~ a milli-second elapses until a character coded signal B read out from the program reader 10 is displayed, as corresponding characters ;.~
- on the display unit 30. The word is maintained displayed on the display device 30 for an indefinite time.
The arrangement as shown .in Figure 3 further comprises a comparison circuit 108 connected to the keyboard ~0 through seven leads, and also to the latching circuit 106 through seven leads. The comparison circuit 108 includes three outputs con nected to one input of a first "AND" gate 109, to both a delay circuit 110, and the estimation indicator 50, and to the control ~, circuit 11 respectively. The delay circuit 110 is connected to one input to a second "AND" gate 111. Both "AND" gates 109 and 111 include a second input receiving a synchronizing signal t2 from a synchronization generator not shown. The "AND" gate 109 has an output connected to the other input to the "OR" gate 105 while the "AND" gate 111 has an output connected to an inhibiting ; - 14 -. ;
; input of the inhibit gate 104.
It is now assumed that an audio signal A read out Erom the program reader 10 instructs the student to quickly and cor-rectly strike those keys on the keyboard 40 bearing thereon the , characters displayed on the display unit 30 and in the displayed , order. Then the student will successively select and strike ~;
those keys on the keyboard 40 in the displayed order. This causes the keyboard 40 successively to deliver corresponding keying coded signals D to the comparison circuit 108. Each coded signal D is quite identical in the coded form to the character signal B read out by the program reader 10 as long as the character remains unchanged and therefore is formed of seven ", bits. The seven bits of each keying signal D are applied in parallel relationship to the comparison circuit 108.
In the comparison circuit 108, the keying signal D is compared with the character signal B supplied to the circuit 108 through the latching circuit 106 for each character. If the keying signal D is identical to a corresponding signal block of the character signal B as deterr,lined by the comparison circuit -108, then a coincidence signal d having a value of logic ONE is produced by the comparison circuit 108. On the contrary, the determination that the signal D is not identical to the signal block results in the formation of a non-coincidence signal e having a value of logic O~IE.
i~, As above described, the signal blocks of the character signal B developed at the input to the latching circuit 106 are ., , ~ .
continuously changed from one to another of the characters at high speed. This is true in the case of the signal blocks applied to the comparison circuit 108 through the latching cir-cuit 106. Upon the comparison of the signals, a keying signal Djust applied to the comparison circuit 108 must be compared with that signal block of the character signal supplied through the . ~'' ~ 5 ~
: . ...
;~ ~
-- --\
1055i69~) latching circuit 106 and assigned for the same character as the applied keying signal. To this end, means is provided for sens-ing the addresses of the signal blocks of the character signals recirculating through the second and third shift registers 102 and 103 respectively and utilizing the sensed addresses to effect the comparison of signals when that signal block of the character signal assigned for a correct character for the keying signal is present in the comparison circuit although such means is not illustrated in Figure 3.
~ .
It is recalled that when the student successively ` strikes correct keys on the keyboard 40 in response to characters displayed on the display unit 30, the displayed characters dis-appear one after another until the display device 30 displays no character. On the contrary, the student may strike an incor-rect key on the keyboard 40 in the course of striking a word displayed on the display unit. In the latter event, all the characters originally displayed on the display unit 30 are caused to be again displayed on the display unit 30.
, It is also recalled that the second shift register 102 has the eight bit positions and is operative to add the additional bit following the last bit of each of the signal blocks of the character signal from the first shift register 101 to deliver an %-bit output to both the third shift register lQ3 and the latch-ing circuit 106. This additional bit is normally of a logic ZERO
value because no signal is applied to the same. Thus the output from the latching circuit 106 along the lead c comprises the last or eighth bit having a value of logic ZERO. When receiving the additional bit of logic ZERO, the character signal generator 107 is operated to cause that character signal mating with the addi-tional bit of logic ZERO to be displayed as a coxresponcling char-acter, on the display unit. On the other hand, if the additional bit is of a logic ONE value the character signal generator 107 is ., , . r , ~ \ 10556~
operated to cause the display unit 30 to display no character. ~
Since the character signal recirculates at a high .;
speed through the closed loop memory including the second and . third shift registers 102 and 103 respectively, there is pro-vided means for producing a synchronizing signal t2 i-rom a .. , . -- .
synchronization generator (not shown) each time the additional -........ bit following thelast bit of each signal block of the character ~: signal reaches the leftmost bit position as viewed in Figure 3 . :
, : , .- in the second shift register 102. Then the synchroni~ing signal " , .
t2 is applied to the other input of the "AND" gate 109 including . one input having the coincidence signal d applied thereto from ~`~ the comparison circuit 108. Thus the "AND" gate 109 produces an i. output f having a value of logic ONE. In other words, when a correct key is struck, the "AND" gate 109 produces the output f at such a time point that a value of logic ONE is permitted to .
be written in the last or eighth bit of the keying signal D ~
:
. resulting from the struck key. rrhis output f passes through the .
. "OR" gate 105 to be written in the corresponding signal block of .
~: the character signal at the leftmost bit position of the second . 20 shift register 102. Thus when developed at the output of the .~ latching circuit 106, that signal block of the recirculating character signal assigned for the keyed character has always the . last bit c of the logic ONE value resulting in the erasion or : :
disappearance of the correctly keyed character from the display unit 30.
!
~ From the foregoing it will be appreciated that the .j student correctly strikes the keys one after another in the correct order to permit the characters displayed on the display .
.; unit 30 to be successively erased until no character i5 displayed .~ 30 on the display unit 30.
However, if the student strikes any erroneous key on i the keyboard 40 in the training step, then the comparison circuit ~ 17 -,.......................................................................... .
~----~9S56~
10g applies a non-coincidence signal e to the delay circuit 110 where the signal is widened in pulsewidth. The delayed output ~
from the delay circuit 110 has a pulsewidth somewhat longer than a time period for which all the stored signal blocks effect one complete circulation through the closed loop including the second and third shift registers 102 and 103 respectively. The output g thus widened is applied to the other input of the "AND" gate 111 having the one input which receives the synchronizing signal t2 as above described. Therefore the "AND" gate 111 produces an output h having a value of logic ONE in synchronization with the appearance of the last or eighth bit of each signal block during ~. .
one complete circulation thereof through the closed loop includ-ing the second and third shift registers 102 and 103, the inhibit gate 104 and the "OR" gate 105. In the absence of the synchron-izing signal t2 at the one input thereto, the "AND" gate 111 ,, produce an output h havi~g a value of logic ZERO.
The ZERO output h from the "AND" gate 111 is applied to the other or inhibit input of the inhibit gate 104. Under these circumstances, the bits of the recirculating signal blocks are permitted to pass through the inhibit gate 104 while remaining intact. However the application of the ONE output h to the inhibit gate 104 inhibits the bits from passing therethrough and provides an output ~ having a value of logic ZERO.
Thus it will be appreciated that in all the signal blocks passed through the inhibit gate 104 during one complete circulation thereof the character data i have the eighth bit of logic ZERO value. This means that the student is required again to strike the correct keys on the keyboard 40.
In this way the student correctly strikes those keys bearing the characters displayed on the display unit 30. At that time the comparison circuit 108 supplies to the program control circuit 11 an output k indicating that the characters ~55~
displayed on the display device 30 has been correctly struck.
The control circuit 11 responds to that output k to supply a .~ :
start signal a to the program reader 10 thexeby automatically driving the latter. Then the program reader 10 reads out the next succeeding problem and the student repeats the process as above described in conjunction with the given problem.
Thereafter the process as above described is repeated in conjunction with the remaining succeeding problems to complete one training course whereupon the program reader 10 applies a ::` :.
complete signal 1 tothe estimation indicator 50. Thus error indication 51 (see Fig. 1) indicates the number of errors made -by the student while the time keeper 52 (see Fig. 1) indicates a time interval re~uired for the student to complete the parti-cular training course. The number of the errors is the total of the non-coincidence signals e applied to the indicator 50 as shown in Figure 3.
The training apparatus for keyboards as above des-- cribed can be used to train students in a wide range of courses ~;~
from the elementary course to a high standard course.
For example, the training apparatus of the present invention can be used to repeatedly explain the proper posture for operating the keyboard, guide keys, the way to strike keys as well as training a student to remember keys allotted to his or her fingers respectively and positions o characters on the . keyboard in the elementary course wherein the explanation using voices plays an important role. More specifically, the student -~
is first trained so that, by displaying only one of those characters borne on the guide keys, on the display unit 30, his or her finger correctly responds to the displayed character in terms of each of such characters. ~'hen the same training is repeated with each of characters borne on those keys except for ~ the guide keys. Following this the student is trainecl fox various .. . ..
~: `
556~0 ,; ~
~ combinations of the characters borne on the guide keys and the :''-' remalning keys until his or her fingers respond by reflex in response to the display of such combinations of the characters.
:., .
In the next succeeding stage of training, series of continuous characters are displayed on the display device 30.
-~ In that stage, the training starts with a series of keys easily struck and proceeds toward series of keys difficult to be struck. Thereafter the student is trained to operate the keys for practical business purposes including those keys expressing ~, ~ lO wording usually employed, long wording, the space bar, or key, ,...
~; the shift key etc. The present invention can perform all the training operations as above described by only changing the pro-gram contained in the program reader.
r~hile the present invention has been illustrated and ; described ln conjunction with a single preferred embodiment thereofit is to be understood that numerous changes and modifica-tions may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, the character sig-nal B may include any desired maximum number of the characters . ., other than sixteen (16) with the display positions of the dis-' play device equal in the numher to the characters included in the same. Also each character may be expressed by any desired ; number of bits different than that illustrated. Further the :.
. .
display device may be formed of a cathode ray tube, if desired.
".
.. r ~'' '':~,' .` .
,; ;
. .
.' ` : ' . ;, . . :, ,
; With the rapid advance of recent electronic computers and their peripheral equipments, input devices utilizing key- .
boards have been widely employed and it has been highly desir-able to permit anyone to operate such input device as a part of usual business in offices while not requiring the special skill of specified persons. Conventional training means for such devices have resorted to training schools for typists, and the education conducted in upper secondary schools. Those training means have not always fulfilled the quality and quantity of the goal of the training required in the present age. Further, such . conventional training means are collectively conducted and ; impose on students limitations as to the training schedule and place. Thus it has been impossible to train any individual per-. son in accord with his or her own pace. This has been related to damage to the will of persons desiring training for the opera-.. tion of a typewriter, input units, etc. Therefore is is highly desirable to provide training machines for training an individual person to operate a keyboard of a typewriter, or the like, in a `~ desired time by having the optimum training problems selected by him or her without troubling any other person.
Accordingly it is an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved training machine for effectively training an individual person for keyboards of input units for electronic computers, typewriters, etc. with a simple, unique construction.
.~ The present invention provides a training machine for a keyboard comprising in combination, program reader means for reading out a character coded signal including a plurality of .. binary coded signal blocks to form a word, display means for dis-; playing thereon characters represented by the binary coded signal .' - 2 -i .
:: . : . . . ,, . :
~05569(~
blocks of the word, keyboard means including a plurality of keys bearing different characters thereon, the keyboard means deliver-ing binary coded signal blocks representing those characters borne on the keys when a student strikes the keys in accordance with the word displayed on the display means, the binary coded signal block from the keyboard means being identical to that from the program reader means for the same character, and control means connected to both the program reader means and the keyboard means to successively compare the binary coded signal blocks from the keyboard means with corresponding binary coded signal blocks from the program reader means thereby to successively erase the characters of the word displayed on the display means when the keys are correctly struck and to cause the word to be again dis-played on the display means when a key is erroneous struck during the striking of the word, the con-trol means further includ-ing means for adding to each of the binary coded signal blocks t an additional bit for determining whether a character represented by the binary coded signal block with the additional bit is dis-played on the display means.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention the control means may include a first shift register connected to the program reader means to temporarily store the binary coded signal blocks therefrom one at a time, a second shift register connected to the first shift register to add the additional bit to each of the binary coded signal blocks transferred from the first shift register, the additional bit permitting the display of the char-acter represented by a matching binary coded signal block on the display means, a third shift register connected to the second shift register to form a closed loop memory in which all the binary coded signal blocks of the word is stored while recirculat- :
ing at a high speed therethrough, a latching circuit connected to the second shift register to latch each of the binary coded sig-. . , .: . .
1~55690 nals each time one of the binary coded signals is transferred ~ thereto, a comparison circuit for successively comparing the f binary coded signal blocks from the keyboard means with corres-.. . .
ponding ones from the latching circuit to supply a coincidence : signal to the second shift register when each signal block from the keyboard means is identical to the corresponding one from . the latching circuit, the coincidence signal being operative to ~:
cause the additional bit to erase a corresponding character dis- : .
` played on the display means, and the comparison circuit being 10 operative, when both binary coded signals are different from each other, to supply a non-coincidence signal to the second .! shift register to again display all the characters of the word .
on the display means.
The present invention will become more readily appar-ent from the ~ollowing detailed description taken in conjunction i~ with the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a training machine for a keyboard constructed in accordance with the principles of I the present invention;
3;1 20 Figure 2 is a functional block diagram of the training ,.~ machine shown in Figure l; .
j Figure 3 is a combined block and circuit diagram illus-h~ trating in more detail the arrangement shown in Figure 2; and '1 Figure 4 is a graphical representation of a character ;~ coded signal used with the present invention.
, Referring now to the drawings and Figure 1 in particu- : i . lar, there is illustrated a training machine for a keyboard of a ~
.
~ typewriter constructed in accordance with the principles of the :, present invention. The arrangement illustrated comprises a tape . 30 reproducer or a program reader 10 and a head-phone 20 mechanically ~- and electrically connectable to the program reader 10. The pro-gram reader 10 is disposed within a casing and includes a magnetic . _ 4 -. ` ' , .. . . . . . .
~ ~ff5569~t tape (not shown) having recorded thereon both audio signals for presenting before a student, problems such as questions, commen-taries on the questions, instructions for actions etc. and character signals in the form of binary coded numbers relating to the above mentioned problems. The program reader 10 further includes a reproducer (not shown) for reproducing the audio and ; character coded signals and functions to issue training programs ~;
for operating keys on the keyboard. The character coded signals will be described in more detail hereinafter. The audio signal reproduced from the program reader 10 is transmitted to the head-phone 20 as shown by the reference character A in Figure 2. The head-phone 20 converts the audio signal to an audio sound which is, in turn, received by the student.
On the other hand, the character coded signal repro-duced from the program reader 10 is supplied to a display unit 30 as will be described in detail hereinafter. The display unit 30 includes a predetermined number, in this case sixteen, of display positions, one for each of the characters included in one problem or a word. Each o the display positions may selec-tively display all the characters expressed by the charactercoded signal and which are also borne on keys on keyboard 40 (see Figure 1). The term "character" used herein and in the claims includes, in addition to any one of the alphabetic letters, any symbols, numerals, indicia, etc. All of the components described are disposed within a single case which is not substantially ;~
larger than that required to house the keyboard so that it is ~ -portable.
As shown in Figure 1, the keyboard 40 includes a plur- ;
ality of keys disposed on the surface of the training machine and having different characters borne thereon. The student can strike any desired one of the keys on the keyboard 40 to produce a cor-responding electrical coded signal. That electrical signal is 69~ -identical to a character coded signal from the program reader :.
10 assigned to the same character as that borne on the strike key.
.~ Figure 1 also shows an error counter 51 and a time . :
keeper 52 horizontally aligned with the display unit 30. The error counter 51 acts to count the number of errors made by the student due to improper striking of the keys and the time keeper 51 indicates a time interval in which the student has completed the particular training course. Further a start switch 60 is disposed to the right, as viewed in Figure 1, of the keyboard 40 and a block 10 shown to the left of the keyboard 40 designates the program reader 10 as above described. The start switch 60 can be operated to put the arrangement of Figure 1 in ope:ration.
The operation of the arrangement as shown in Figure 1 will now be described in conjunction with Figure 2. The program reader 10 is responsive to the closure of the start switch 60 (see Figure 1) to be driven to read an audio signal A and a character coded signal B out from the magnetic tape (not shown).
This results in the read-out of one problem instructing one step of a training course. After having read out the problem, the program reader 10 is caused automatically to halt.
The audio signal A read out is transmitted to the ; student throu~h the head-phone 20 as above described. The char-acter coded signal B read out from the program reader 10 is supplied to a control unit 100 where it is stored in a memory (not shown in Figure 2) disposed therein and also applied, as a :
corresponding character display signal C to the display unit 30, which will be later described in detail with reference to Figure ; 3. The display unit 30 displays characters determined by the character display signal C. Since the display unit 30 is shown in Figure 1 as including the sixteen display positions, the same can display a word, a sentence, a numeral, a symbol or the like .. . . ..
~5569~
formed of at most sixteen display elements.
Upon receiving the instruction in the form of an audio sound, the student quickly strikes those keys correctly selected by him or her on the keyboard 40 while seeing the characters displayed on the display unit 30. The keyboard 40 successively produces coded signals assigned to those characters borne on the struck keys and applies them, as keying signal D to the control unit 100. The control unit 100 compares that keying signal D
with a corresponding character coded signal B previously stored therein.
For example, that the program reader 10 has read out a character coded signal B representative of a word "MOON" in the form of a series combination of coded signals for the individual characters. Then the character coded signal B is stored in the ;~ memory ~not shown) included therein and therafter it is supplied, as a corresponding character display signal C to the display unit 30. The display unit 30 responds to the character display sig-nal C to display a word "MOON" thereon so that a first character ~ -"M" of the word is displayed on the leftmost display position as viewed in Figure 1, and a second character "O" thereof is dis-played on the next succeeding display position and so on. The last character "N" of the word "MOON" appears at the fourth dis-play position counted from the left side of the display unit 30.
~ Thus the student sees continuous characters Eorming the word s, "MOON".
In order that the student strikes the keys on the key-board 40 to type -the word "MOON", he or she first selects and ; strikes that key ~not shown) bearing the character "M" -thereon.
This causes a keying signal D including the character "M" in the form of a binary number to be supplied to the control unit 100.
In the control unit 100 the keying signal D for the character "M"
is compared with a coded signal portion for the "M" included in ; . . ~ . . .
5569C~ ;
r the character coded signal for the word "MOON" stored in the memory disposed in the control unit 100.
In that event the character coded signal B portion is identical in the codedform tothe keyingsiynal Dbecause thestudent has selected and struck the key for the symbol "M". Then the I control unit 100 produces a coincidence signal indicating that ; both signals B and D are identical to each other to rewrite "~OON" to "OON" in the memory in the manner as will be described later. As a result, the first character "M" of the word "MOON"
displayed on the display unit 40 is erased while the characters 'IOON'' remain displayed thereon. Assuming that the student then successively strikes those keys bearing the characters "O", "O"
and "N" thereon in the named order, the process as above des-cribed is repeated until all the characters are erased from the display unit 30.
When the student is to strike that key bearing the last character "N" thereon he or she may strike an erroneous key, for example, the neighbouring key bearing a character "B" thereon. -~
This causes the control unit 100 to produce a non-coincidence -signal indicating that the now typed character is not identical ;
! to the corresponding character stored in the memory (not shown) thereof, whereby the characters "M", "O" and "O" already erased from the display unit 30 are again displayed on the display unit 30 which will be described in more detail hereinafter. Thus the word "MOON" is again displayed on the display unit 30. This means that the student should again strike the correct keys from the beginning.
After the particular correct word, in this case~ the word "MOON" has been correctly typed, the characters on the dis- -play device 30 disappear while at the same time, the program reader 10 is automatically driven to read out an audio signal ~ ;
and character signals B concerning the next succeeding problem.
' . .
` ~ ~LO55169Ci This results in the repetition of the process as above described.
In this way all the problems recorded on the magnetic tape (not shown) in the program reader 10 were presented before the student while the student struck the keys on the keyboard 40 to complete one training course. At that t:ime the number of errors made by the student and a time interval required for the student to correctly strike the keys on the keyboard 40 were estimated by an estimation indicator 50 (wh:ich includes the error counter 51 and the time keeper 52 as shown in Figure 1) connected to the control unit 100 so that the number of errors is indicated on the error indicator 51 and the training time is indicated on the time keeper 52 (see Figure 1). The indications on the indicator 51 and the time keeper 52 provide a measure of an extent to which the student has been trained. By comparing the measure thus given with the criteria predetermined for each of the training programs upon programming, the student is allowed ; to proceed to the next training course. Alternatively the student is required to repeat the process just completed. The student may be forced to be returned back to the beginning stage in accordance with the indications on the estimation indicator 50.
The operation of the arrangement as shown in Figures 1 : and 2 will now be in more detail described in conjunction with Figure 3. When the student operates the start switch 60, a con-trol circuit 11 for the program reader 10 supplies a starting ; signal a to the program reader 10. The program reader 10 res-ponds to the starting signal a to move forward the magnetic tape (not shown) disposed therein to read out a first one of the pro-grams recorded on the magnetic tape.
The magnetic tape has audio signals recorded in a first track, for example, in an upper track and character coded l signals in a second or lower track thereon. Each of the character ; coded signals has a start-of-problem marker preceding the leading -: g :
. .. . . . . .
:- ~L61 S~69~
~ edge thereof through a predetermined record gap and a stop-of-- problem marker succeeding the tailing edge thereof through a ~;~ predetermined record gap.
A magnetic pickup (not shown) disposed in the program reader 10 converts the audio signal to a corresponding electri-'- cal signal which is, in turn, suitably amplified and conducted ~ through the head-phone 20 to a student. The signal is designated ::`
; by the reference character A. This instructs the student to take the particular training course. ~ ;
On the other hand, the character coded signal B includes signal blocks equal in number to the display positions of the display unit 30. In the example illustrated, the character coded signal B includes sixteen signal blocks labelled lL, 2L, ....
16I- as shown on the upper portion in Figure 4 because the dis-play unit 30 includes the sixteen display positions as above des-cribed~ Each of signal blocks is comprised of a binary pulse train including seven bits or pulses for the following reason: a keyboard disposed, for example, on typewriters generally includes ; characters such as alphabetic letters, numerals, symbols, etc.
amounting to less than one hundred. In order to identify about 100 types of the characters etc. in the form of binary numbers it is required to assign seven bit for each type of the characters etc. because 27 = 128. For example, the first signal block lL
is shown on the lower portion in Figure 4 as including a first bit lb having a value of binary ONE, a second bit 2b having also a value of binary ONE, a third bit 3b having a value of binary ZERO and so on. That is, the first signal block is of a binary number 1101011 assigned for a predetermined character. In this ` way each signal B including the sixteen signal blocks can repre-sent one word, one phrase or the like formed of at most sixteen character. As above described, each character coded signal has ; a start-of-problem marker and a stop-of-problem marker disposed in front .,.,~
10~5~;91~) and to the rear thereof although those markers are not illustrated in Figure 4. Further information may be found in the description for Figure 7 of West-German patent application No. 2,427,371 laid open to public inspection.
The binary coded signal blocks of the character coded signal ~ are serially read out by another magnetic pick (not ! :
shown) disposed in the program reader 10 and then serially del-ivered to the control unit 100 as previously described. The pro- ~
gram reader 10 is similar to a tape reader unit such as shown in -Figure 8 of the above-cited West-German patent application.
Detailed information may be had by reference to the descr:iption for Figure ~ of the cited application.
As shown in Figure 3, the character coded signal B is supplied to and stored in a first shift register 101 including bit positions whose number is equal to the number of bits Eorming each signal block. ~n the ernbodiment illustrated the first shift resistor 101 includes seven bit positions. More specifically, those seven bits forming the first signal block of the character signal B are successively stored in the first shift register 101 in the bit positions. Immediately after the last bit of the first signal block lL of the character signal B has been stored in the ', first shift register 101, the content of the latter is simultan-eously transferred in parallel relationship with respect to the bits to a second shift register 102 whereupon the first shift register 101 is ready for storing the second signal block 2~ of the character coded signal B. The second shift register 102 has a number of bit positions greater one than those of the first shift register 101 and in this case has eight bit positions for a purpose as will be apparent hereinafter.
The second shift register 102 is connected to a third shift register 103 including a plurality, in this case, :L20 bit positions and connected to tlle second shift register 1()2 through ,, ~ . ! , .
`- 105569~
an inhibit gate 104 and an "OR" gate 105 to form a closed loop ~,' memory including 128 bit positions. More specifically, the . inhibit gate 104 includes one input connected to the third shift register 103 and an output connected to one input oE the "OR"
gate 105 including an output connected to t:he second shift register 102.
~- The second shift register 102 is operative to add an - additional bit to each of the 7-bit signal blocks transferred ,; thereto from the first shift register 101 and deliver an 8-bit ,~ . .
signal bloclc to the third shift register 103, in series relation-. ~ .
, ship with respect to the bits and in response to a synchroniz-ing pulse (not shown) applied thereto. At that time the second shift register 102 is eleared and immediately filled with second , siynal bloek 2L from the first shift register 101. Also the ~ixst register 101 is immediately ~illed with the third signal block 3~ of the eharacter signal B. The additional bit ~ollows the seventh bit of each signal bloc]c.
-Then the process as above deseribed is repeated until , the sixteen signal bloeks of the eharaeter signal B amounting to ~ 20 16 x ~ = 12~ bits enter the elosed memory including the seeondand third shift registers 102 and 103 with one bit occupying each , bit position.
In this way the eharacter signal forming the particular ;;j word has been read out from the program reader 10 and stored in ,,~ the second and third shift registers 102 and 103 in the form of a closed loop. That character signal including at most 128 bits ;;
recirculates at a high speed through the closed loop and for an '~ indefinite time. At that time the control circuit 11 receives a stop signal s resulting from the stop-of-problem marker as above described from the program reader 10 to supply a stop signal b to the program reader 10 as shown in Figure 3 to terminate its oper-'~ ation.
. .i '' . ' . ~:- "
, .,; ' :
Under these circumstances the 16 signal blocks of the character signal B thus recirculating are successively developed on that output side of the second shift register 102 connected ; to a latching circuit 106 through eight leads. Then the latching circuit 106 is connected to a character signal generator 107 through eight leads. Although not illustrated in Figure 3, an ~;
address circuit is provided to determine if those 7-bits devel- -oped at the parallel outputs of the second shift register 102 are correctly arranged to represent a single character and also which of the 16 display position of the display unit 30 is occu-pied by that character to provide an address signal tl for determining a time point when the character is displayed at the determined position on the display unit 30. Then the address signal tl is utilized to latch the associated binary coded signal ~lock in the latching circuit 106.
Since the latching circuit 106 has a rewriting cycle dependent upon that address signal tl and since the address signal is produced each time one 8-bit signal block is shifted, that is, each time a piece of information representing a single character is developed, the latching circuit 106 successively delivers the binary coded signal blocks lL, 2L, ..., 16L to the character sig-nal generator 107 with the bits of each signal block put in parallel relationship. In that event the eighth or additional bit as above described is applied to the character signal gener-ator 107 through the lead labelled the reference character c to determine whether or not the mating signal block displays a corresponding character on the display unit 30 in the manner as will be described later.
The display unit 30 connected to the character signal generator 107 includes a plurality, in this case, sixteen, of 5 x 7 dot alphanumeric modules utilizing commercially available semiconductor luminescent diodes and/or plasma gas discharge i ~ 1055690 : . '.
~ lamps. The character signal generator 107 is responsive to the ;-~ applied signal block to produce such a control signal that among 5 x 7 = 35 luminescent elements (not shown) corresponding to ~ 5 x 7 = 35 dots, only those luminescent elements displaying a .~, character for which the signal block is assigned emit light.
The control signal is applied to the display device 30 to dis-. ~ .
play that character at a predetermined display position, for example, at the first display position.
The display unit 30 has further disposed therein both ; 10 a control circuit for disposing the required characters at the sixteen display positions in the correct sequence and a sweep circuit for sw~eping character signals at a high speed to dis-play the required word as if it would be unintermittingly viewed ;
by the student.
It has been found that according to the arrangement asshown in Figure 1 through 3, only several hundreds o~ a milli-second elapses until a character coded signal B read out from the program reader 10 is displayed, as corresponding characters ;.~
- on the display unit 30. The word is maintained displayed on the display device 30 for an indefinite time.
The arrangement as shown .in Figure 3 further comprises a comparison circuit 108 connected to the keyboard ~0 through seven leads, and also to the latching circuit 106 through seven leads. The comparison circuit 108 includes three outputs con nected to one input of a first "AND" gate 109, to both a delay circuit 110, and the estimation indicator 50, and to the control ~, circuit 11 respectively. The delay circuit 110 is connected to one input to a second "AND" gate 111. Both "AND" gates 109 and 111 include a second input receiving a synchronizing signal t2 from a synchronization generator not shown. The "AND" gate 109 has an output connected to the other input to the "OR" gate 105 while the "AND" gate 111 has an output connected to an inhibiting ; - 14 -. ;
; input of the inhibit gate 104.
It is now assumed that an audio signal A read out Erom the program reader 10 instructs the student to quickly and cor-rectly strike those keys on the keyboard 40 bearing thereon the , characters displayed on the display unit 30 and in the displayed , order. Then the student will successively select and strike ~;
those keys on the keyboard 40 in the displayed order. This causes the keyboard 40 successively to deliver corresponding keying coded signals D to the comparison circuit 108. Each coded signal D is quite identical in the coded form to the character signal B read out by the program reader 10 as long as the character remains unchanged and therefore is formed of seven ", bits. The seven bits of each keying signal D are applied in parallel relationship to the comparison circuit 108.
In the comparison circuit 108, the keying signal D is compared with the character signal B supplied to the circuit 108 through the latching circuit 106 for each character. If the keying signal D is identical to a corresponding signal block of the character signal B as deterr,lined by the comparison circuit -108, then a coincidence signal d having a value of logic ONE is produced by the comparison circuit 108. On the contrary, the determination that the signal D is not identical to the signal block results in the formation of a non-coincidence signal e having a value of logic O~IE.
i~, As above described, the signal blocks of the character signal B developed at the input to the latching circuit 106 are ., , ~ .
continuously changed from one to another of the characters at high speed. This is true in the case of the signal blocks applied to the comparison circuit 108 through the latching cir-cuit 106. Upon the comparison of the signals, a keying signal Djust applied to the comparison circuit 108 must be compared with that signal block of the character signal supplied through the . ~'' ~ 5 ~
: . ...
;~ ~
-- --\
1055i69~) latching circuit 106 and assigned for the same character as the applied keying signal. To this end, means is provided for sens-ing the addresses of the signal blocks of the character signals recirculating through the second and third shift registers 102 and 103 respectively and utilizing the sensed addresses to effect the comparison of signals when that signal block of the character signal assigned for a correct character for the keying signal is present in the comparison circuit although such means is not illustrated in Figure 3.
~ .
It is recalled that when the student successively ` strikes correct keys on the keyboard 40 in response to characters displayed on the display unit 30, the displayed characters dis-appear one after another until the display device 30 displays no character. On the contrary, the student may strike an incor-rect key on the keyboard 40 in the course of striking a word displayed on the display unit. In the latter event, all the characters originally displayed on the display unit 30 are caused to be again displayed on the display unit 30.
, It is also recalled that the second shift register 102 has the eight bit positions and is operative to add the additional bit following the last bit of each of the signal blocks of the character signal from the first shift register 101 to deliver an %-bit output to both the third shift register lQ3 and the latch-ing circuit 106. This additional bit is normally of a logic ZERO
value because no signal is applied to the same. Thus the output from the latching circuit 106 along the lead c comprises the last or eighth bit having a value of logic ZERO. When receiving the additional bit of logic ZERO, the character signal generator 107 is operated to cause that character signal mating with the addi-tional bit of logic ZERO to be displayed as a coxresponcling char-acter, on the display unit. On the other hand, if the additional bit is of a logic ONE value the character signal generator 107 is ., , . r , ~ \ 10556~
operated to cause the display unit 30 to display no character. ~
Since the character signal recirculates at a high .;
speed through the closed loop memory including the second and . third shift registers 102 and 103 respectively, there is pro-vided means for producing a synchronizing signal t2 i-rom a .. , . -- .
synchronization generator (not shown) each time the additional -........ bit following thelast bit of each signal block of the character ~: signal reaches the leftmost bit position as viewed in Figure 3 . :
, : , .- in the second shift register 102. Then the synchroni~ing signal " , .
t2 is applied to the other input of the "AND" gate 109 including . one input having the coincidence signal d applied thereto from ~`~ the comparison circuit 108. Thus the "AND" gate 109 produces an i. output f having a value of logic ONE. In other words, when a correct key is struck, the "AND" gate 109 produces the output f at such a time point that a value of logic ONE is permitted to .
be written in the last or eighth bit of the keying signal D ~
:
. resulting from the struck key. rrhis output f passes through the .
. "OR" gate 105 to be written in the corresponding signal block of .
~: the character signal at the leftmost bit position of the second . 20 shift register 102. Thus when developed at the output of the .~ latching circuit 106, that signal block of the recirculating character signal assigned for the keyed character has always the . last bit c of the logic ONE value resulting in the erasion or : :
disappearance of the correctly keyed character from the display unit 30.
!
~ From the foregoing it will be appreciated that the .j student correctly strikes the keys one after another in the correct order to permit the characters displayed on the display .
.; unit 30 to be successively erased until no character i5 displayed .~ 30 on the display unit 30.
However, if the student strikes any erroneous key on i the keyboard 40 in the training step, then the comparison circuit ~ 17 -,.......................................................................... .
~----~9S56~
10g applies a non-coincidence signal e to the delay circuit 110 where the signal is widened in pulsewidth. The delayed output ~
from the delay circuit 110 has a pulsewidth somewhat longer than a time period for which all the stored signal blocks effect one complete circulation through the closed loop including the second and third shift registers 102 and 103 respectively. The output g thus widened is applied to the other input of the "AND" gate 111 having the one input which receives the synchronizing signal t2 as above described. Therefore the "AND" gate 111 produces an output h having a value of logic ONE in synchronization with the appearance of the last or eighth bit of each signal block during ~. .
one complete circulation thereof through the closed loop includ-ing the second and third shift registers 102 and 103, the inhibit gate 104 and the "OR" gate 105. In the absence of the synchron-izing signal t2 at the one input thereto, the "AND" gate 111 ,, produce an output h havi~g a value of logic ZERO.
The ZERO output h from the "AND" gate 111 is applied to the other or inhibit input of the inhibit gate 104. Under these circumstances, the bits of the recirculating signal blocks are permitted to pass through the inhibit gate 104 while remaining intact. However the application of the ONE output h to the inhibit gate 104 inhibits the bits from passing therethrough and provides an output ~ having a value of logic ZERO.
Thus it will be appreciated that in all the signal blocks passed through the inhibit gate 104 during one complete circulation thereof the character data i have the eighth bit of logic ZERO value. This means that the student is required again to strike the correct keys on the keyboard 40.
In this way the student correctly strikes those keys bearing the characters displayed on the display unit 30. At that time the comparison circuit 108 supplies to the program control circuit 11 an output k indicating that the characters ~55~
displayed on the display device 30 has been correctly struck.
The control circuit 11 responds to that output k to supply a .~ :
start signal a to the program reader 10 thexeby automatically driving the latter. Then the program reader 10 reads out the next succeeding problem and the student repeats the process as above described in conjunction with the given problem.
Thereafter the process as above described is repeated in conjunction with the remaining succeeding problems to complete one training course whereupon the program reader 10 applies a ::` :.
complete signal 1 tothe estimation indicator 50. Thus error indication 51 (see Fig. 1) indicates the number of errors made -by the student while the time keeper 52 (see Fig. 1) indicates a time interval re~uired for the student to complete the parti-cular training course. The number of the errors is the total of the non-coincidence signals e applied to the indicator 50 as shown in Figure 3.
The training apparatus for keyboards as above des-- cribed can be used to train students in a wide range of courses ~;~
from the elementary course to a high standard course.
For example, the training apparatus of the present invention can be used to repeatedly explain the proper posture for operating the keyboard, guide keys, the way to strike keys as well as training a student to remember keys allotted to his or her fingers respectively and positions o characters on the . keyboard in the elementary course wherein the explanation using voices plays an important role. More specifically, the student -~
is first trained so that, by displaying only one of those characters borne on the guide keys, on the display unit 30, his or her finger correctly responds to the displayed character in terms of each of such characters. ~'hen the same training is repeated with each of characters borne on those keys except for ~ the guide keys. Following this the student is trainecl fox various .. . ..
~: `
556~0 ,; ~
~ combinations of the characters borne on the guide keys and the :''-' remalning keys until his or her fingers respond by reflex in response to the display of such combinations of the characters.
:., .
In the next succeeding stage of training, series of continuous characters are displayed on the display device 30.
-~ In that stage, the training starts with a series of keys easily struck and proceeds toward series of keys difficult to be struck. Thereafter the student is trained to operate the keys for practical business purposes including those keys expressing ~, ~ lO wording usually employed, long wording, the space bar, or key, ,...
~; the shift key etc. The present invention can perform all the training operations as above described by only changing the pro-gram contained in the program reader.
r~hile the present invention has been illustrated and ; described ln conjunction with a single preferred embodiment thereofit is to be understood that numerous changes and modifica-tions may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, the character sig-nal B may include any desired maximum number of the characters . ., other than sixteen (16) with the display positions of the dis-' play device equal in the numher to the characters included in the same. Also each character may be expressed by any desired ; number of bits different than that illustrated. Further the :.
. .
display device may be formed of a cathode ray tube, if desired.
".
.. r ~'' '':~,' .` .
,; ;
. .
.' ` : ' . ;, . . :, ,
Claims (4)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A portable training machine for training keyboard operation comprising, in combination, program reader means for reading out a character coded signal including a plurality of binary coded signal blocks which form a word, display means for displaying characters represented by said plurality of binary coded signal blocks which form said word, keyboard means including a plurality of keys bearing different characters thereon, said keyboard means delivering binary coded signal blocks representing those characters borne on said keys when a student strikes the keys in accordance with said word displayed on said display means, said binary coded signal block from said keyboard means being identical to that from said program reader means for the same character, and control means connected to both said program reader means and said keyboard means to successively compare said binary coded signal blocks from said keyboard means with corresponding binary coded signal blocks from said program reader means to thereby successively erase said characters of said word displayed on said display means when the keys are correctly struck and cause said word to be again displayed on said display means when a key is erroneously struck during the striking of the keys corresponding to the words, said control means further including means for adding to each of said binary coded signal blocks of said character coded signal an additional bit for determining whether a character represented by the binary coded signal block with said additional bit is display on said display means, wherein said control means includes a closed loop memory includ-ing a pair of shift registers serially connected, said binary coded signals blocks of said character coded signal being stored in said closed loop memory while recirculating at a high speed therethrough, means for adding an additional bit to each of said binary coded signal blocks entered into one of said shift registers, said display means being responsive to said additional bit for permitting an associated signal block to be displayed as a character on said display means, a latching circuit connected to the one shift register to latch each of said binary coded signal blocks each time it is transferred thereto, a comparison circuit connected to both said keyboard means and said latching circuit to successively compare said binary coded signal blocks from said keyboard means with corresponding binary coded signal blocks from said latching circuit to produce a coincidence signal when each pair of said compared signal blocks are identical to each other and to produce a non-coincidence signal when said pair of compared signal blocks are different from each other, circuit means responsive to said coincidence signal to change said additional bit coupled to that signal block compared with the correct signal block from said keyboard means to erase that character represented by the signal block coupled thereto, and display on said display means, and another circuit means responsive to said non-coincidence signal to return the changed additional bit back to its original bit thereby to again display all the original characters on said display means.
2. A training machine for a keyboard as claimed in claim 1, wherein said circuit means responsive to said coincidence signal includes an "AND" gate and an "OR" gate for writing a value of logic ONE into the last bit position of that character binary coded signal block registered in said pair of shift registers, and said another circuit means responsive to said non-coincidence signal includes a delay circuit receptive of said non-coincidence signal to produce a delayed output having a pulse width somewhat longer than a time period required for the character binary coded signal to recirculate through said pair of shift registers, an "AND" gate receptive of both said delayed output from said delay circuit and a signal synchronized with the last bit of each signal block of the character binary coded signal recirculating through said pair of shift register, and an inhibit circuit responsive to an output from said "AND" gate to change said last bit to have a value of logic ZERO.
3. A training machine for a keyboard as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first shift register is connected to said program reader to temporarily register the character binary coded signal for each character and said pair of shift registers are formed of a second shift register connected in parallel with said first shift register and a third register connected in series with said second shift register.
4. A training machine for a keyboard as claimed in claim 3, wherein said first shift register includes seven bit positions, said second shift register includes eight big posi-tions and said third shift register includes 8 x n bit positions where n is an integer, whereby said display means can display (n + 1) characters.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7497674A JPS5316740B2 (en) | 1974-07-02 | 1974-07-02 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1055690A true CA1055690A (en) | 1979-06-05 |
Family
ID=13562816
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA230,638A Expired CA1055690A (en) | 1974-07-02 | 1975-07-02 | Training machine for keyboards |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4044475A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5316740B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1055690A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2529573C3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2277388A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1508666A (en) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS52164475U (en) * | 1976-06-04 | 1977-12-13 | ||
| JPS5317183U (en) * | 1976-07-22 | 1978-02-14 | ||
| US4241521A (en) * | 1976-09-13 | 1980-12-30 | Dufresne Armand F | Multi-symbol message communicator for a speechless, handicapped person |
| JPS53121520A (en) * | 1977-03-31 | 1978-10-24 | Toshiba Corp | Calculator operating device |
| US4207087A (en) * | 1977-09-19 | 1980-06-10 | Marvin Glass & Associates | Microcomputer controlled game |
| US4190967A (en) * | 1978-06-12 | 1980-03-04 | Ruegg Robert J | Keyboard attachment system and method for keyboard training |
| US4267646A (en) * | 1979-01-18 | 1981-05-19 | Hagwell Edward R | Telephone question and answer training device |
| US4253248A (en) * | 1979-04-16 | 1981-03-03 | Cornish Judson E | Teaching machine apparatus |
| US4516939A (en) * | 1979-05-24 | 1985-05-14 | Quill Licensing | Finger control system |
| US4372554A (en) * | 1980-02-06 | 1983-02-08 | Henry Orenstein | Electronic question and answer game |
| JPS5759269A (en) * | 1980-09-29 | 1982-04-09 | Fujitsu Ltd | Document writing machine containing practicing function |
| JPH0627969B2 (en) * | 1984-06-29 | 1994-04-13 | キヤノン株式会社 | Character processor |
| GB2168835B (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1989-06-07 | Frenmist Limited | Teaching apparatus,particularly for teaching shorthand |
| GB2186237A (en) * | 1985-12-19 | 1987-08-12 | Woolworth F W Plc | Apparatus for use in training personnel in keyboard or switchboard operation |
| US5255386A (en) * | 1990-02-08 | 1993-10-19 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and apparatus for intelligent help that matches the semantic similarity of the inferred intent of query or command to a best-fit predefined command intent |
| JP2669773B2 (en) * | 1993-08-12 | 1997-10-29 | キヤノン株式会社 | Character processor |
| US20110014961A1 (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2011-01-20 | Samir Hanna Safar | iphone application game |
| IL244777A0 (en) * | 2015-07-26 | 2016-07-31 | Hagar Shema | Apparatus and method for teaching persons |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3154862A (en) * | 1962-11-30 | 1964-11-03 | Univ Southern Illinois | Educational device |
| US3270438A (en) * | 1963-08-12 | 1966-09-06 | Rich Engineering Inc | Testing and monitoring apparatus |
| US3371321A (en) * | 1965-04-15 | 1968-02-27 | Ibm | Tutorial system |
| US3460270A (en) * | 1966-12-23 | 1969-08-12 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Adaptive training systems and apparatus |
| FR1593390A (en) * | 1968-11-26 | 1970-05-25 | ||
| DE1936065A1 (en) * | 1969-07-16 | 1971-01-28 | Licentia Gmbh | Circuit arrangement for optionally applying positionally predetermined optical radiators |
| US3894346A (en) * | 1971-08-26 | 1975-07-15 | Kee Inc | Electronic keyboard trainer |
| US3769719A (en) * | 1972-01-10 | 1973-11-06 | Integrated Electronics | Teaching system for keyboard devices |
| US3874669A (en) * | 1973-03-26 | 1975-04-01 | Rosalba Ariano | Electronic device for the simulation of an animated game, in particular the game of football |
-
1974
- 1974-07-02 JP JP7497674A patent/JPS5316740B2/ja not_active Expired
-
1975
- 1975-06-25 US US05/590,115 patent/US4044475A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1975-07-01 FR FR7520616A patent/FR2277388A1/en active Granted
- 1975-07-02 GB GB27817/75A patent/GB1508666A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-07-02 DE DE2529573A patent/DE2529573C3/en not_active Expired
- 1975-07-02 CA CA230,638A patent/CA1055690A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2277388B1 (en) | 1981-03-20 |
| FR2277388A1 (en) | 1976-01-30 |
| US4044475A (en) | 1977-08-30 |
| DE2529573B2 (en) | 1978-01-05 |
| DE2529573C3 (en) | 1978-09-14 |
| GB1508666A (en) | 1978-04-26 |
| DE2529573A1 (en) | 1976-02-05 |
| JPS5316740B2 (en) | 1978-06-03 |
| JPS515135A (en) | 1976-01-16 |
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