CA1074276A - Centrifuge collecting chamber - Google Patents
Centrifuge collecting chamberInfo
- Publication number
- CA1074276A CA1074276A CA300,350A CA300350A CA1074276A CA 1074276 A CA1074276 A CA 1074276A CA 300350 A CA300350 A CA 300350A CA 1074276 A CA1074276 A CA 1074276A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- dam
- fractions
- fraction
- plasma
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
- B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
- B04B5/0442—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3693—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits using separation based on different densities of components, e.g. centrifuging
- A61M1/3696—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits using separation based on different densities of components, e.g. centrifuging with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
- B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
- B04B5/0442—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
- B04B2005/045—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation having annular separation channels
Abstract
CENTRIFUGE COLLECTING CHAMBER
Abstract of the Disclosure An improved collecting chamber for use with centri-fuges for separating particles of different density sus-pended in a fluid, especially for separating the various fractions in human blood.
The chamber is provided with a partition or dam and a plurality of outlet tubes. These tubes are positioned so that they can draw off the various separated components of the blood. The divider prevents the mixing of the fractions after they enter the chamber. By properly regulating the output flow of the lines containing the packed red cells, and the plasma and red cells, the con-tent of the buffy collect line is defined and can be maintained constant over relatively long periods of time without operator intervention.
Abstract of the Disclosure An improved collecting chamber for use with centri-fuges for separating particles of different density sus-pended in a fluid, especially for separating the various fractions in human blood.
The chamber is provided with a partition or dam and a plurality of outlet tubes. These tubes are positioned so that they can draw off the various separated components of the blood. The divider prevents the mixing of the fractions after they enter the chamber. By properly regulating the output flow of the lines containing the packed red cells, and the plasma and red cells, the con-tent of the buffy collect line is defined and can be maintained constant over relatively long periods of time without operator intervention.
Description
17 Background of the Invention 18 Centrifuge bags are known in the art which are dis-19 posable, ~eing used once and discarded. These previously known devices do not provide proper efficiency and are 21 difficult to fabricate, involving complicated molding 22 apparatus. These devices did not contemplate collection 23 chambers which act in a self-regulatory manner.
24Description of prior Art 25Disposable centrifuge bags are disclosed, for .
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1 example, in U. S. Patents 4,007,871 and 4,010,894.
These bags require relatively complex forming apparatus, 3 and moreover the collecting chambers of these bags do 4 not provide sharp demarcations in the blood fraction levels. More importantly, these structures do not 6 contemplate any self-regulatory action.
7 Summary of the Invention 8 It is a general object of this invention to provide 9 an improved collection chamber for use with a centrifuge container.
11 A particular object of the invention is to provide 12 an improved collection chamber for a blood centrifuge 13 container which provides greater efficiency and ease of 14 fabrication.
lS Another object of the invention is to provide an 16 improved collection chamber which is arranged to operate 17 in a self-regulatory manner to collect the various 18 blood fractions.
19 The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the 21 following more particular description of a preferred 22 embodiment of the invention, as illustrated in the 23 accompanying drawings, and described in connection 24 therewith in the annexed specification.
Briefly described, the improved collection chamber 26 comprises a cavity portion and a cap portion, which are 27 separately manufactured, as by molding, and then assem-28 bled as by cementing or heat sealing. The chamber thus 29 formed is provided with at least one partition or dam extending from but not touching the inward wall of 31 the chamber toward but not reaching the outer wall of 1074276i 1 the chamber, at the discharge end of the chamber. The
24Description of prior Art 25Disposable centrifuge bags are disclosed, for .
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.
' ' ,, : - ~ ' ~0~4Z7~
1 example, in U. S. Patents 4,007,871 and 4,010,894.
These bags require relatively complex forming apparatus, 3 and moreover the collecting chambers of these bags do 4 not provide sharp demarcations in the blood fraction levels. More importantly, these structures do not 6 contemplate any self-regulatory action.
7 Summary of the Invention 8 It is a general object of this invention to provide 9 an improved collection chamber for use with a centrifuge container.
11 A particular object of the invention is to provide 12 an improved collection chamber for a blood centrifuge 13 container which provides greater efficiency and ease of 14 fabrication.
lS Another object of the invention is to provide an 16 improved collection chamber which is arranged to operate 17 in a self-regulatory manner to collect the various 18 blood fractions.
19 The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the 21 following more particular description of a preferred 22 embodiment of the invention, as illustrated in the 23 accompanying drawings, and described in connection 24 therewith in the annexed specification.
Briefly described, the improved collection chamber 26 comprises a cavity portion and a cap portion, which are 27 separately manufactured, as by molding, and then assem-28 bled as by cementing or heat sealing. The chamber thus 29 formed is provided with at least one partition or dam extending from but not touching the inward wall of 31 the chamber toward but not reaching the outer wall of 1074276i 1 the chamber, at the discharge end of the chamber. The
2 inlet end of the c;lamber is connected to one end of a
3 fluid container of circular form, the other end of
4 which is provided with an inlet connection for the specimen fluid. Blood to be fractionated is supplied 6 through a rotating seal through the inlet tube to the 7 inlet end of the circular fluid container, and under 8 the influence of centrifugal force is separated into 9 layers comprising various fractions, the heavier particles moving radially outward in the circular fluid 11 container. The layered blood flow enters the collecting 12 chamber at the inlet end thereof and moves toward the 13 discharge end of the chamber.
14 On the side of the dam next to the inlet end of the coilection chamber, a first outlet tube is provided 16 which extends through the cap portion and toward the 17 outer wall of the cavity, opening into the chamber at a 18 first predetermi~ed distance from the outer wall of the 19 cavity. The interface between the plasma and the red cells, constituting the buffy layer of white cells 21 and/or platelets resides at this distance during 22 operation of the centrifuge, so that the buffy layer is 23 drawn off through this first outlet tube. On the 24 opposite side of the dam or spillway, a second outlet tube is provided, opening at substantially the same 26 distance from outward wall of the cavity as the first 27 outlet tube. Mixed plasma and red cells are withdrawn 28 through this tube. The dam is open near the inner and 29 outer wall to permit flow of the plasma and red cells past the dam. A third tube is provided at the discharge 31 end of the chamber which extends to a second predetermined 27~
l distance from the outer wall of the cham~er, through 2 which packed red cells are removed.
3 The parts are preferably made of suitable plastic 4 material, such as, for example, medical grade polyvinyl chloride ~PVC).
6 Brief Description of Drawings 7 In the drawings:
8 FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic perspective view showing 9 a centriguge bowl, a filler or centerpiece and a fluid container in an exploded relation with the container ll having a collection chamber constructed in accordance 12 with the invention;
13 FIG. 2 is a sectional plan view of the collection 14 chamber of FIG. 1 taken along the line 2-2; and FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view of the collection 16 chamber of FIG. 1 in an exploded view showing the 17 components thereof in greater detail.
18 Detailed Description of a Preferred Embodiment l9 Referring to FIG. 1, there is shown a blood container 10 which comprises a length of semi-rigid plastic 21 tubing 11, preferably of medical grade polyvinyl 22 chloride, and having a substantially rectangular cross-23 se~tion. Tubing 11 serves as a separation channel and 24 is formed in a circle as shown with ends 12, 13 joined to corresponding ends 14, 15 of a collection chamber 16 26 such as by cementing or heat sealing. The collection 27 chamber 16 includes an internal barrier or wall, not 28 shown, to isolate the input end 12 from the collection 29 chamber. Fluid connections 17, 18, 19 and 20 to container 10 are made through a rotating seal 21 which may, for 31 example, be the type shown in US Patent 3,489,145.
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1 Tubing connection 17 serves as an input connection and 2 the remaining connections 18-20 serve as the outputs 3 between the container and rotating seal.
4 Fluid container 10 is adapted for placement in a
14 On the side of the dam next to the inlet end of the coilection chamber, a first outlet tube is provided 16 which extends through the cap portion and toward the 17 outer wall of the cavity, opening into the chamber at a 18 first predetermi~ed distance from the outer wall of the 19 cavity. The interface between the plasma and the red cells, constituting the buffy layer of white cells 21 and/or platelets resides at this distance during 22 operation of the centrifuge, so that the buffy layer is 23 drawn off through this first outlet tube. On the 24 opposite side of the dam or spillway, a second outlet tube is provided, opening at substantially the same 26 distance from outward wall of the cavity as the first 27 outlet tube. Mixed plasma and red cells are withdrawn 28 through this tube. The dam is open near the inner and 29 outer wall to permit flow of the plasma and red cells past the dam. A third tube is provided at the discharge 31 end of the chamber which extends to a second predetermined 27~
l distance from the outer wall of the cham~er, through 2 which packed red cells are removed.
3 The parts are preferably made of suitable plastic 4 material, such as, for example, medical grade polyvinyl chloride ~PVC).
6 Brief Description of Drawings 7 In the drawings:
8 FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic perspective view showing 9 a centriguge bowl, a filler or centerpiece and a fluid container in an exploded relation with the container ll having a collection chamber constructed in accordance 12 with the invention;
13 FIG. 2 is a sectional plan view of the collection 14 chamber of FIG. 1 taken along the line 2-2; and FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view of the collection 16 chamber of FIG. 1 in an exploded view showing the 17 components thereof in greater detail.
18 Detailed Description of a Preferred Embodiment l9 Referring to FIG. 1, there is shown a blood container 10 which comprises a length of semi-rigid plastic 21 tubing 11, preferably of medical grade polyvinyl 22 chloride, and having a substantially rectangular cross-23 se~tion. Tubing 11 serves as a separation channel and 24 is formed in a circle as shown with ends 12, 13 joined to corresponding ends 14, 15 of a collection chamber 16 26 such as by cementing or heat sealing. The collection 27 chamber 16 includes an internal barrier or wall, not 28 shown, to isolate the input end 12 from the collection 29 chamber. Fluid connections 17, 18, 19 and 20 to container 10 are made through a rotating seal 21 which may, for 31 example, be the type shown in US Patent 3,489,145.
., , . : . : . . .
. . ~. .
~ ~7427~ :
1 Tubing connection 17 serves as an input connection and 2 the remaining connections 18-20 serve as the outputs 3 between the container and rotating seal.
4 Fluid container 10 is adapted for placement in a
- 5 centrifuge to effect fractionation of input fluids such
6 as whole blood. One such centrifuge arrangement is
7 shown in FIG. 1 and comprises a bowl 24 and filler 25
8 which defines at its periphery in conjunction with ~he
9 bowl a circular groove 23 into which tubing loop 11 and collection chamber 16 can be seated. Appropriate 11 radial grooves 26 are formed in the filler to accommo-12 date the tubes required for input and ouput connections 13 with the rotating seal. Centrifuge bowl 24 may be 14 formed of any suitable material such as metal or plastic or a combination of materials. The filler or 16 centerpiece 25 can also be of a suitable material such 17 as plastic, formed by molding or machining. It can be 18 retained in place on a central hub or plurality of 19 distributed bosses or pins not shown. The filler piece has a central opening 27 which accommodates the seal 21 and fluid connections. Holes 28 may be provided in the 22 filler piece for convenience of lifting and also to 23 serve as balancing holes for the cutouts accommodating 24 the access tubing and collection chamber.
The collection chamber 16, shown in greater detail 26 in FIGS. 2 and 3, is constructed to permit the selective 27 and concurrent withdrawal of the several fractions 28 resulting from the centrifugation of the specimen input 29 fluid. When centrifuging whole blood, the collect in the cavity forms three distinct ~ractions; at the 31 outside, due to greatest density are the red blood : . , ' , . . . .
The collection chamber 16, shown in greater detail 26 in FIGS. 2 and 3, is constructed to permit the selective 27 and concurrent withdrawal of the several fractions 28 resulting from the centrifugation of the specimen input 29 fluid. When centrifuging whole blood, the collect in the cavity forms three distinct ~ractions; at the 31 outside, due to greatest density are the red blood : . , ' , . . . .
10~2:
1 cells, then next with less density is the buffy layer 2 containing the white blood cells and platelets in a 3 narrow band, while the innermost and least dense layer 4 is the plasma.
~ 5 The usual purpose for this centrifugation of blood 6 is to collect the buffy layer with utmost efficiency.
7 Such collection requires accurately maintaining the red 8 cell-plasma interface, at which the white ~ells gather, g coincident with the white cell collect and withdrawal port for removal. This is done in accordance with the
1 cells, then next with less density is the buffy layer 2 containing the white blood cells and platelets in a 3 narrow band, while the innermost and least dense layer 4 is the plasma.
~ 5 The usual purpose for this centrifugation of blood 6 is to collect the buffy layer with utmost efficiency.
7 Such collection requires accurately maintaining the red 8 cell-plasma interface, at which the white ~ells gather, g coincident with the white cell collect and withdrawal port for removal. This is done in accordance with the
11 present invention by dividing the cavity into first and
12 second interconnected compartments and providing a
13 withdrawal port for combined red cells and plasma which
14 is effective to maintain the desired location of that interface buffy layer.
16 Referring to FIG. 2, the collection chamber 16 is 17 shown in cross-section along a line 2-2 of FIG. 1. In 18 this figure, the red cell fraction is indicated by 19 dashes, the buffy layer with the white cells is indi-cated by stipling and the plasma is represented by the 21 clear area. The collection chamber is formed into 22 first and second interconnected compartments 30, 31 by 23 a dam 32 between the top and bottom surfaces of the 24 chamber and intercepting and blocking any flow to the right by the white cell interface or intermediate 26 layer. White cells amd platelets accumulating at this 27 level are removed by vacuum applied at the white cell 28 collect port 34. The dam as can be seen permits free 29 movement of the red cell fraction into either compartment.
The plasma can also freely move into the second compartment 31 by openings both above amd below the white cell collect lO'~;Z7~
l port, one such opening 35 being indicated b~ dotted 2 lines. In second compartment 31, there is provided a 3 collect port 36 for removal of the combined red cell 4 and plasma fractions. Opening 35 permits the plasma to flow around and then under the edge of the combined 6 collect port for removal with the red cells. It is to 7 be noted that this collect port extends into the collection 8 chamber to approximately the same level as does collect 9 port 34 for the white cells, and is effective to maintain the location of the white cell interface at the position 11 illustrated. Its removal capacity is larger than port 12 34 in approximate proportion to the fraction quantities 13 present. Some variation in removal flow rates can be 14 achieved with the adjustment of applied vacuum.
During centrifugation of the blood, separation is 16 produced due to the gravitational forces created by the 17 rotation. The white cells accumulate at the red cell-18 plasma interface in compartment 30 but are blocked from 19 movement to the right by the dam and are evacuated at the collect port 34. However, red cells and plasma are 21 free to flow into second compartment 31 and form an 22 interface there substantially devoid of white cells.
23 Red cell-plasma collect port 36, since it extends into 24 the cavity at the same depth as its counterpart for the white cells, is operable to maintain the interface in 26 a fixed iocation, thus insuring highly efficient white 27 cell removal. This arrangement avoids the continual 28 manual adjustment withdrawal rates among the several 29 ports heretofore used to maintain the position of the white cell layer.
31 The collection chamber configuration of FIG. 2 1 exhibits a time-dependent phenomeon due to a density 2 stratification of the red cells in the red cell by-pass 3 between first and second compartments 30, 31. As the 4 red cells are in process, the denser cells accummulate on the outermost wall (bottom wall in FIG. 2) of the 6 by-pass and reduce the active width of the by-pass thus 7 impeding the red cell flow to the red-cell plasma 8 collect port 36. The progressive choking off of the_ 9 red cell flow causes the red cell-plasma interface to move radially inward which destroys the automatic 11 control function of the two collinear collect ports 34, 12 36. Sedimentation of the red cells against the outside 13 wall is avoided by adding a "packed red cell" removal 14 port 37 (FIG. 3). This port is positioned as far outward radially as possible so that any high density 16 red cells can be withdrawn, thus preventing occlusion 17 of the by-pass.
18 The packed red cell removal port adds a further 19 degree of quality control and flexibility to the automatic function of collect ports 34 and 36. A
21 criterion in defining the quality of the collect is the 22 degree of red cell contamination. By increasing the 23 flow in the packed red cell line, the red cell-plasma 24 interface can be moved radially a fraction of a milli-meter and the degree of contamination in the collect 26 can be minimized. The flow of the packed red cell line 27 can be set so that the white cell collect has an optimum 28 ratio of white cells to red cells and the system can be 29 run without operator intervention for a relatively long time.
31 The separation channel 11 and collection chamber , ~ - `
~074276 - l 16 of the present invention are readily fabricated by 2 inexpensive molding techniques and permit disposal of 3 the entire assembly after single use. For example, the 4 separation channel can be a continuous extrusion, while the collection chamber can be molded in two pieces as 6 illustrated in FIG. 3. Considering FIGS. 2 and 3 7 together, a base or cavity element 40 has openings at 8 opposite ends 14, 15 to receive the two ends 12, 13 9 from the loop of separation channel and also has integrally formed stops 41 for locating the cap portion 42 which 11 is inserted within the base. The bottom of the cap has 12 a rectangular boss 43 which blocks the end of the 13 separation channel upon assembly to prevent entry of 14 inlet fluid into the collection chamber. The white cell dam 32 and bosses 44, 45 for the withdrawal or 16 collect ports are integrally formed and extend beyond 17 the top of the cap and may be part of a reinforcing rib 18 46. The port openings are formed with internal stops 19 in counterbore fashion for limiting the insertion distance of the necessary tubes. After joining the 21 cap, base, channel and tubing, the contacting surfaces 22 are solvent-cemented or welded to form a unitary 23 structure. This fabrication technique provides acurate-24 ly positioned white blood cell and red cell-plasma collect ports to thus maintain the white blood cell 26 interface at the proper location.
27 Usually the white cell collect port and plasma-red 23 cell port extend into the collection chamber to approxi-29 mately the same levels. Their relationship will, however, be determined by the specimen fluid and the 31 level within the stratum of interest from which the .. .. , - , . - - .
.
1074;276 l collect is to be obtained. The ports can be relatively 2 offset, if required, but ~dequate control has been found 3 possible by altering the withdrawal rates among the 4 outlet ports. Once set for a particular fluid the collection chamber function remains stable for extended 6 periods of time.
7 While the invention has been particularly shown and 8 described with reference to a preferred embodiment 9 thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made 11 therein without departing from the spirit and scope of 12 the invention.
16 Referring to FIG. 2, the collection chamber 16 is 17 shown in cross-section along a line 2-2 of FIG. 1. In 18 this figure, the red cell fraction is indicated by 19 dashes, the buffy layer with the white cells is indi-cated by stipling and the plasma is represented by the 21 clear area. The collection chamber is formed into 22 first and second interconnected compartments 30, 31 by 23 a dam 32 between the top and bottom surfaces of the 24 chamber and intercepting and blocking any flow to the right by the white cell interface or intermediate 26 layer. White cells amd platelets accumulating at this 27 level are removed by vacuum applied at the white cell 28 collect port 34. The dam as can be seen permits free 29 movement of the red cell fraction into either compartment.
The plasma can also freely move into the second compartment 31 by openings both above amd below the white cell collect lO'~;Z7~
l port, one such opening 35 being indicated b~ dotted 2 lines. In second compartment 31, there is provided a 3 collect port 36 for removal of the combined red cell 4 and plasma fractions. Opening 35 permits the plasma to flow around and then under the edge of the combined 6 collect port for removal with the red cells. It is to 7 be noted that this collect port extends into the collection 8 chamber to approximately the same level as does collect 9 port 34 for the white cells, and is effective to maintain the location of the white cell interface at the position 11 illustrated. Its removal capacity is larger than port 12 34 in approximate proportion to the fraction quantities 13 present. Some variation in removal flow rates can be 14 achieved with the adjustment of applied vacuum.
During centrifugation of the blood, separation is 16 produced due to the gravitational forces created by the 17 rotation. The white cells accumulate at the red cell-18 plasma interface in compartment 30 but are blocked from 19 movement to the right by the dam and are evacuated at the collect port 34. However, red cells and plasma are 21 free to flow into second compartment 31 and form an 22 interface there substantially devoid of white cells.
23 Red cell-plasma collect port 36, since it extends into 24 the cavity at the same depth as its counterpart for the white cells, is operable to maintain the interface in 26 a fixed iocation, thus insuring highly efficient white 27 cell removal. This arrangement avoids the continual 28 manual adjustment withdrawal rates among the several 29 ports heretofore used to maintain the position of the white cell layer.
31 The collection chamber configuration of FIG. 2 1 exhibits a time-dependent phenomeon due to a density 2 stratification of the red cells in the red cell by-pass 3 between first and second compartments 30, 31. As the 4 red cells are in process, the denser cells accummulate on the outermost wall (bottom wall in FIG. 2) of the 6 by-pass and reduce the active width of the by-pass thus 7 impeding the red cell flow to the red-cell plasma 8 collect port 36. The progressive choking off of the_ 9 red cell flow causes the red cell-plasma interface to move radially inward which destroys the automatic 11 control function of the two collinear collect ports 34, 12 36. Sedimentation of the red cells against the outside 13 wall is avoided by adding a "packed red cell" removal 14 port 37 (FIG. 3). This port is positioned as far outward radially as possible so that any high density 16 red cells can be withdrawn, thus preventing occlusion 17 of the by-pass.
18 The packed red cell removal port adds a further 19 degree of quality control and flexibility to the automatic function of collect ports 34 and 36. A
21 criterion in defining the quality of the collect is the 22 degree of red cell contamination. By increasing the 23 flow in the packed red cell line, the red cell-plasma 24 interface can be moved radially a fraction of a milli-meter and the degree of contamination in the collect 26 can be minimized. The flow of the packed red cell line 27 can be set so that the white cell collect has an optimum 28 ratio of white cells to red cells and the system can be 29 run without operator intervention for a relatively long time.
31 The separation channel 11 and collection chamber , ~ - `
~074276 - l 16 of the present invention are readily fabricated by 2 inexpensive molding techniques and permit disposal of 3 the entire assembly after single use. For example, the 4 separation channel can be a continuous extrusion, while the collection chamber can be molded in two pieces as 6 illustrated in FIG. 3. Considering FIGS. 2 and 3 7 together, a base or cavity element 40 has openings at 8 opposite ends 14, 15 to receive the two ends 12, 13 9 from the loop of separation channel and also has integrally formed stops 41 for locating the cap portion 42 which 11 is inserted within the base. The bottom of the cap has 12 a rectangular boss 43 which blocks the end of the 13 separation channel upon assembly to prevent entry of 14 inlet fluid into the collection chamber. The white cell dam 32 and bosses 44, 45 for the withdrawal or 16 collect ports are integrally formed and extend beyond 17 the top of the cap and may be part of a reinforcing rib 18 46. The port openings are formed with internal stops 19 in counterbore fashion for limiting the insertion distance of the necessary tubes. After joining the 21 cap, base, channel and tubing, the contacting surfaces 22 are solvent-cemented or welded to form a unitary 23 structure. This fabrication technique provides acurate-24 ly positioned white blood cell and red cell-plasma collect ports to thus maintain the white blood cell 26 interface at the proper location.
27 Usually the white cell collect port and plasma-red 23 cell port extend into the collection chamber to approxi-29 mately the same levels. Their relationship will, however, be determined by the specimen fluid and the 31 level within the stratum of interest from which the .. .. , - , . - - .
.
1074;276 l collect is to be obtained. The ports can be relatively 2 offset, if required, but ~dequate control has been found 3 possible by altering the withdrawal rates among the 4 outlet ports. Once set for a particular fluid the collection chamber function remains stable for extended 6 periods of time.
7 While the invention has been particularly shown and 8 described with reference to a preferred embodiment 9 thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made 11 therein without departing from the spirit and scope of 12 the invention.
Claims (12)
1. Apparatus for continuous collection of an intermediate one of three or more stratified fractions of a liquid mixture at the outlet end of a centrifuge container comprising:
means forming a chamber;
a dam across said chamber for blocking flow only of one of said intermediate fractions;
first withdrawal port means extending interiorly of said chamber into the stratum of said blocked intermediate fraction; and second withdrawal port means at the downstream side of said dam extending into said chamber substan-tially the same distance as said first withdrawal port means whereby the location of said intermediate fraction is maintained having removal of the other of said fractions.
means forming a chamber;
a dam across said chamber for blocking flow only of one of said intermediate fractions;
first withdrawal port means extending interiorly of said chamber into the stratum of said blocked intermediate fraction; and second withdrawal port means at the downstream side of said dam extending into said chamber substan-tially the same distance as said first withdrawal port means whereby the location of said intermediate fraction is maintained having removal of the other of said fractions.
2. Apparatus as described in claim 1 further including a third withdrawal port extending into said chamber a distance sufficient to remove a portion of densest of said fractions.
3. Apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein said dam has an effective blocking thickness greater than the stratum of said selected intermediate fraction and extends transversely to the flow of said selected fraction.
4. Apparatus for continuous collection of blood fractions at the output end of a centrifuge container in which the red cell fraction and plasma fraction are separated by an intermediate fraction containing white cells and/or platelets comprising:
means forming a collection chamber;
dam means across said chamber for blocking flow of said intermediate fraction;
first withdrawal port means extending internally of said chamber into said intermediate fraction at the upstream side of said dam; and second withdrawal port means the downstream side of said dam extending internally of said chamber the same distance as said first withdrawal port means for removing a combination of said red cell and said plasma fractions.
means forming a collection chamber;
dam means across said chamber for blocking flow of said intermediate fraction;
first withdrawal port means extending internally of said chamber into said intermediate fraction at the upstream side of said dam; and second withdrawal port means the downstream side of said dam extending internally of said chamber the same distance as said first withdrawal port means for removing a combination of said red cell and said plasma fractions.
5. Apparatus as described in claim 4 further including third withdrawal port means extending internally of said chamber into said red cell fraction for withdrawal of a portion thereof.
6. Apparatus as described in claim 1 further including means forming a circular separation channel of rectangular cross-section and having inlet and outlet ends each connected with said collection chamber, said collection chamber having means blocking flow of inlet liquid at the junction of said channel means.
7. Apparatus as described in claim 3 wherein said dam is integrally formed with said chamber forming means.
8. Apparatus as described in claim 3 wherein said chamber forming means and said separation channel means are formed of semi-rigid medical grade polyvinyl cloride.
9. Apparatus as described in claim 6 wherein said inlet end has port means for supplying liquid mixture to said separation channel.
10. A collection chamber for collecting blood fractions at the output end of a centrifuge container, in which red cells and plasma are separated by an interface containing a buffy coat, comprising:
two compartments, one for collecting plasma and red cells, and the other compartment collinearly located with respect to said one compartment and containing said buffy coat interface; and outlet ports for each of said compartments, said ports opening into said compartments at the nominal location of said buffy coat interface.
two compartments, one for collecting plasma and red cells, and the other compartment collinearly located with respect to said one compartment and containing said buffy coat interface; and outlet ports for each of said compartments, said ports opening into said compartments at the nominal location of said buffy coat interface.
11. Apparatus as described in claim 10, further including an auxiliary outlet port for said one chamber for removal of said red cells.
12. Apparatus as described in claim 10 further including a partition between said two compartments effective to block flow only of said interface from said other compartment.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/810,243 US4094461A (en) | 1977-06-27 | 1977-06-27 | Centrifuge collecting chamber |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1074276A true CA1074276A (en) | 1980-03-25 |
Family
ID=25203372
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA300,350A Expired CA1074276A (en) | 1977-06-27 | 1978-04-04 | Centrifuge collecting chamber |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4094461A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5411565A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1074276A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH627953A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2821057A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES470723A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2395785A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1583837A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1112269B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA782115B (en) |
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| US9603989B2 (en) | 2010-08-24 | 2017-03-28 | Fenwal, Inc. | Methods for anticoagulating blood |
| US9733805B2 (en) | 2012-06-26 | 2017-08-15 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Generating procedures for entering data prior to separating a liquid into components |
| WO2014127122A1 (en) | 2013-02-18 | 2014-08-21 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | System for blood separation with a separation chamber having an internal gravity valve |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3519201A (en) * | 1968-05-07 | 1970-07-07 | Us Health Education & Welfare | Seal means for blood separator and the like |
| US3795361A (en) * | 1972-09-06 | 1974-03-05 | Pennwalt Corp | Centrifuge apparatus |
| US3955755A (en) * | 1975-04-25 | 1976-05-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration | Closed continuous-flow centrifuge rotor |
| US4007871A (en) * | 1975-11-13 | 1977-02-15 | International Business Machines Corporation | Centrifuge fluid container |
| DE2624154A1 (en) * | 1975-11-13 | 1977-05-26 | Ibm | Flexible, collapsible centrifuge fluid container - of two circular plastics pieces sealed to form serially connected annular channels |
| CA1057254A (en) * | 1976-05-14 | 1979-06-26 | Baxter Travenol Laboratories | Disposable centrifugal blood processing system |
-
1977
- 1977-06-27 US US05/810,243 patent/US4094461A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1978
- 1978-04-04 CA CA300,350A patent/CA1074276A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-04-07 GB GB13662/78A patent/GB1583837A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-04-12 ZA ZA00782115A patent/ZA782115B/en unknown
- 1978-04-28 CH CH464178A patent/CH627953A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-05-13 DE DE19782821057 patent/DE2821057A1/en active Granted
- 1978-05-25 JP JP6179778A patent/JPS5411565A/en active Granted
- 1978-05-25 FR FR7816351A patent/FR2395785A1/en active Granted
- 1978-06-13 ES ES470723A patent/ES470723A1/en not_active Expired
- 1978-06-23 IT IT24891/78A patent/IT1112269B/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4094461A (en) | 1978-06-13 |
| FR2395785A1 (en) | 1979-01-26 |
| GB1583837A (en) | 1981-02-04 |
| DE2821057C2 (en) | 1987-10-01 |
| CH627953A5 (en) | 1982-02-15 |
| JPS5616711B2 (en) | 1981-04-17 |
| DE2821057A1 (en) | 1979-01-11 |
| JPS5411565A (en) | 1979-01-27 |
| IT7824891A0 (en) | 1978-06-23 |
| FR2395785B1 (en) | 1981-11-20 |
| ZA782115B (en) | 1979-11-28 |
| ES470723A1 (en) | 1979-01-16 |
| IT1112269B (en) | 1986-01-13 |
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