CA1190334A - Duplex communication on a single optical fiber - Google Patents
Duplex communication on a single optical fiberInfo
- Publication number
- CA1190334A CA1190334A CA000415111A CA415111A CA1190334A CA 1190334 A CA1190334 A CA 1190334A CA 000415111 A CA000415111 A CA 000415111A CA 415111 A CA415111 A CA 415111A CA 1190334 A CA1190334 A CA 1190334A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- light
- fiber
- optical fiber
- transmitting
- channel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4202—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details for coupling an active element with fibres without intermediate optical elements, e.g. fibres with plane ends, fibres with shaped ends, bundles
- G02B6/4203—Optical features
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
- H04B10/2589—Bidirectional transmission
- H04B10/25891—Transmission components
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Communication System (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
Abstract
DUPLEX COMMUNICATION ON A SINGLE OPTICAL FIBER
Abstract of the Disclosure An optical fiber having a square or rectangu-lar cross section provides one mode of optical signal transmission comprising reflection between one pair of parallel sides and a second mode between a second pair of parallel sides perpendicular to the first pair so that two separate channels are obtained in a single optical fiber. A transmitter and a receiver are coupled to each end of the optical fiber so that full time two-way communication can occur without substantial interference.
Abstract of the Disclosure An optical fiber having a square or rectangu-lar cross section provides one mode of optical signal transmission comprising reflection between one pair of parallel sides and a second mode between a second pair of parallel sides perpendicular to the first pair so that two separate channels are obtained in a single optical fiber. A transmitter and a receiver are coupled to each end of the optical fiber so that full time two-way communication can occur without substantial interference.
Description
'( 3 ~ LR~;", D~5,875 DUPLEX COMMUNICATION ON A SINGLE OPTI~A~ FIBER
This invention relates to mwltiplex fiber optics communications apparatus and in particular to an apparatus for two channel communication with a single optical fiber.
HeretoEore attempts to provide :Eull time two way communication on a single optical fiber have re~
sulted in interEerence of one channel with another, particularly at the site oE coupling liyht into or out of the fiber. E'or example, when light ls transmitted for a long distance the signal is substantially atten-uated thereby mandating strong input signals to produce relatively weak output signals. Then reflections from the input signals at one end can interfere with weaker emitted siynals at the same end. As a result of this and other interference phenomena the usual type o-f two-way communication with one fiber is time sharing or half duplex rather than full duplex where full time two-way communication can take place.
It is a general object o~ the invention -to provide an optical fiber for two channel communication.
It is another object of the invention to provide an optical fiber and a system using the fiber for full duplex communlcation.
The invention is carried out by providing an optical fiber with a square or rectangular cross section so that it has two pairs of parallel sides each pair allowing a light transmission mode comprising propagation between a pair of parallel sides, the two possi.ble modes being orthogonally related. The inven~
tion :Eurther contemplates a system utilizing such an optical fiber and pairs of light transmitters and receivers coupled with the fiber for full time two channel communication.
~-,...
The above and other advantages will be made more apparent fxom the following specification taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawlngs whereln like reference numerals refer to like parts and wherein Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3 are top~
side and end views, respectively, of an optical fiber according to the invention illustratiny two modes of liyht propagation and Figures 4 and 5 illustrate top and side views, respectively, of a multiplex optical system arranged for full time duplex communication according to the invention.
The fiber and system according to this inven-tion are useful in data links for various types of communication. One such application is for remote contxol of functions on an automotive vehicle, e.g.
to signal an electronic switch to turn on the headlamps and to feed back a signal to the operator lndicating the lamp condition.
As shown in Fi~ures 1, 2 and 3, an optical fiber 10 of square or rectan~ular cross section defines a first pair of parallel sides 12 and a second pair of parallel sides 14 which are perpendicular to the sides 12. The optical fiber material comprises a core 16 of a high index of refraction transparent glass or polymer c~yered with a coating 18 of lower index of refraction material as is the custom with conventional fiber optic de~ices. Typical materials are methyl methacrylate polymer core with a fluoro-alkyl methacrylate polymer coatiny; or barium, flint and borosilicate crown glasses for the core and the coating. The coating should have an index of refraction at least three percent less than the core material. The polymer materials are preferred to glass where maximum flexi-bility is important. Due to the di~ferences in the index of refraction internal reflection occu~s at theinterface of the core 16 and coating 18 along the sides 12 and 14 when light is introduced into the fiber.
These light paths 20 and 22 are shown by arrows and dashed lines in the drawings. In Figure l, mode 1 of light reflection is shown by the light path 20 which is accomplished when light i5 introduced into the fiber at such an angle that the light will reflect back and forth between the sides 12 and thus propagates from one end of the fiber to the other. Similarly mode 2 of reflection takes place along path 22 as shown in Figure
This invention relates to mwltiplex fiber optics communications apparatus and in particular to an apparatus for two channel communication with a single optical fiber.
HeretoEore attempts to provide :Eull time two way communication on a single optical fiber have re~
sulted in interEerence of one channel with another, particularly at the site oE coupling liyht into or out of the fiber. E'or example, when light ls transmitted for a long distance the signal is substantially atten-uated thereby mandating strong input signals to produce relatively weak output signals. Then reflections from the input signals at one end can interfere with weaker emitted siynals at the same end. As a result of this and other interference phenomena the usual type o-f two-way communication with one fiber is time sharing or half duplex rather than full duplex where full time two-way communication can take place.
It is a general object o~ the invention -to provide an optical fiber for two channel communication.
It is another object of the invention to provide an optical fiber and a system using the fiber for full duplex communlcation.
The invention is carried out by providing an optical fiber with a square or rectangular cross section so that it has two pairs of parallel sides each pair allowing a light transmission mode comprising propagation between a pair of parallel sides, the two possi.ble modes being orthogonally related. The inven~
tion :Eurther contemplates a system utilizing such an optical fiber and pairs of light transmitters and receivers coupled with the fiber for full time two channel communication.
~-,...
The above and other advantages will be made more apparent fxom the following specification taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawlngs whereln like reference numerals refer to like parts and wherein Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3 are top~
side and end views, respectively, of an optical fiber according to the invention illustratiny two modes of liyht propagation and Figures 4 and 5 illustrate top and side views, respectively, of a multiplex optical system arranged for full time duplex communication according to the invention.
The fiber and system according to this inven-tion are useful in data links for various types of communication. One such application is for remote contxol of functions on an automotive vehicle, e.g.
to signal an electronic switch to turn on the headlamps and to feed back a signal to the operator lndicating the lamp condition.
As shown in Fi~ures 1, 2 and 3, an optical fiber 10 of square or rectan~ular cross section defines a first pair of parallel sides 12 and a second pair of parallel sides 14 which are perpendicular to the sides 12. The optical fiber material comprises a core 16 of a high index of refraction transparent glass or polymer c~yered with a coating 18 of lower index of refraction material as is the custom with conventional fiber optic de~ices. Typical materials are methyl methacrylate polymer core with a fluoro-alkyl methacrylate polymer coatiny; or barium, flint and borosilicate crown glasses for the core and the coating. The coating should have an index of refraction at least three percent less than the core material. The polymer materials are preferred to glass where maximum flexi-bility is important. Due to the di~ferences in the index of refraction internal reflection occu~s at theinterface of the core 16 and coating 18 along the sides 12 and 14 when light is introduced into the fiber.
These light paths 20 and 22 are shown by arrows and dashed lines in the drawings. In Figure l, mode 1 of light reflection is shown by the light path 20 which is accomplished when light i5 introduced into the fiber at such an angle that the light will reflect back and forth between the sides 12 and thus propagates from one end of the fiber to the other. Similarly mode 2 of reflection takes place along path 22 as shown in Figure
2 when light is properly introduced into the fiber to reflect between the sides 14. Both of these modes are superimposed in Flgure 3 and it is seen then that the two modes are orthogonally related. That is, the light path of one light signal is perpendicular to that of the other. Moreover, when the light signals for mode l and mode 2 are introduced at opposite ends of the fiber, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, then the propagation of those modes will be in opposite directions.
The full duplex system utilizing the optical fiber of this invention is shown in Figures 4 and 5 and operates on the principal described above. An optical fiber 30 of square or rectangular cross section has each end cut at a compound angle to facilitate the coupling of light to and from the fiber to form end faces 36 and 38 at the ends. The preferred size of the fiber is on the order of l or 2 millimeters in its smallest dimen-sion so that it is practical to ~abricate a compound angle. Larger sizes can be used at the sacrifice of flexibility. The partlcular angle at which the end faces 36 ancl 38 are cut depends on the acceptance angles and critical angles o~ materials used. It should be apparent, however, that by using the compound angle, that is, slanting the end faces 36 and 38 so that they make angles with both pairs of sides of the fi~er, the light can be admitted and emit-ted at differ~
ent angles so as to obviate interference one with another at those coupling locations. Thus efficient coupling can be optimized and stray reElections can be minimized. It is essential, however, that the angles be chosen so that for each mode the admitted light will be directed in a path to reflect between one pair of sides. A light emitting transmitter 32 at one end of the optical fiber 30 projects light into the fiber 30 through its slanted end ~ace 36 and light emitted from the fiber through the other slanted end face 38 is detected by a receiver 34 thereb~ completing the com-munication channel for mode 1. SimilcLrly for mode 2 a transmitter 40 adjacent the receiver 34 and a re-ceiver 42 adjacent the transmitter 32 provides and receives the light signal for a second mode operation The two modes are effectively separate channels. Since they are propagated in diffexent directions and are reflected by surfaces which are orthogonally related this allows full duplex communication without inter-ference of one channel with another. Of course those channels of communication could be in the same direc-tion if desired by placing both transmitters on one end of the fiber and both xeceivers on the other end. The transmitter is preferably a light emitting diode oper-ating on a pulsed manner hy circuitry, not shown. The receiver includes a light sensitive element such as a phototransistor. These are suitable for the vehicle application mentioned aboveO For other data link applications other light sources and detectors may be more appropriate.
It will be seen then that the op-tical fiber and the system according to the invention allow two separate channels of communication utilizing only a single optical fiber and in particular provide a way of establishing full time two-way communication with the single fiber.
The full duplex system utilizing the optical fiber of this invention is shown in Figures 4 and 5 and operates on the principal described above. An optical fiber 30 of square or rectangular cross section has each end cut at a compound angle to facilitate the coupling of light to and from the fiber to form end faces 36 and 38 at the ends. The preferred size of the fiber is on the order of l or 2 millimeters in its smallest dimen-sion so that it is practical to ~abricate a compound angle. Larger sizes can be used at the sacrifice of flexibility. The partlcular angle at which the end faces 36 ancl 38 are cut depends on the acceptance angles and critical angles o~ materials used. It should be apparent, however, that by using the compound angle, that is, slanting the end faces 36 and 38 so that they make angles with both pairs of sides of the fi~er, the light can be admitted and emit-ted at differ~
ent angles so as to obviate interference one with another at those coupling locations. Thus efficient coupling can be optimized and stray reElections can be minimized. It is essential, however, that the angles be chosen so that for each mode the admitted light will be directed in a path to reflect between one pair of sides. A light emitting transmitter 32 at one end of the optical fiber 30 projects light into the fiber 30 through its slanted end ~ace 36 and light emitted from the fiber through the other slanted end face 38 is detected by a receiver 34 thereb~ completing the com-munication channel for mode 1. SimilcLrly for mode 2 a transmitter 40 adjacent the receiver 34 and a re-ceiver 42 adjacent the transmitter 32 provides and receives the light signal for a second mode operation The two modes are effectively separate channels. Since they are propagated in diffexent directions and are reflected by surfaces which are orthogonally related this allows full duplex communication without inter-ference of one channel with another. Of course those channels of communication could be in the same direc-tion if desired by placing both transmitters on one end of the fiber and both xeceivers on the other end. The transmitter is preferably a light emitting diode oper-ating on a pulsed manner hy circuitry, not shown. The receiver includes a light sensitive element such as a phototransistor. These are suitable for the vehicle application mentioned aboveO For other data link applications other light sources and detectors may be more appropriate.
It will be seen then that the op-tical fiber and the system according to the invention allow two separate channels of communication utilizing only a single optical fiber and in particular provide a way of establishing full time two-way communication with the single fiber.
Claims (4)
1. A multiplex optical fiber for transmitting information in the form of light between transmitting and receiving locations comprising:
a substantially rectangular cross section optical fiber having two pairs of parallel internally reflective sides defining first and second orthogonally related light propagating channels;
and transmitting and receiving light coupling means at said locations for each channel constructed and arranged to couple light to and from the respective channels in a manner to provide propagation in the two channels whereby each channel of the fiber transmits light energy between respective transmitting and re-ceiving locations without substantial interference from the other.
a substantially rectangular cross section optical fiber having two pairs of parallel internally reflective sides defining first and second orthogonally related light propagating channels;
and transmitting and receiving light coupling means at said locations for each channel constructed and arranged to couple light to and from the respective channels in a manner to provide propagation in the two channels whereby each channel of the fiber transmits light energy between respective transmitting and re-ceiving locations without substantial interference from the other.
2. A multiplex optical fiber for transmitting information in the form of light between transmitting and receiving locations comprising:
a substantially rectangular cross section optical fiber having two pairs of parallel internally reflective sides defining first and second orthogonally related light propagating channels;
and transmitting and receiving light coupling means at said locations for each channel constructed and arranged to couple light to and from the respective channels in a manner to provide propagation in the two channels, each light coupling means including a fiber end surface disposed at a compound angle with respect to the said sides so that light for one channel is coupled into the fiber at one end surface at one angle and light for another channel is coupled out of the fiber at the same one end surface at another angle whereby each channel of the fiber transmits light energy between respective transmitting and receiving locations without substantial interference from the other.
a substantially rectangular cross section optical fiber having two pairs of parallel internally reflective sides defining first and second orthogonally related light propagating channels;
and transmitting and receiving light coupling means at said locations for each channel constructed and arranged to couple light to and from the respective channels in a manner to provide propagation in the two channels, each light coupling means including a fiber end surface disposed at a compound angle with respect to the said sides so that light for one channel is coupled into the fiber at one end surface at one angle and light for another channel is coupled out of the fiber at the same one end surface at another angle whereby each channel of the fiber transmits light energy between respective transmitting and receiving locations without substantial interference from the other.
3. An optical fiber for full time two-way communication by two perpendicular modes of reflection comprising:
a transparent substantially square cross section optical fiber having a high index of refraction core clad with a relatively low index of refraction coating, the fiber including first and second orthogon-ally related pairs of parallel seals, means for admit-ting light into a first end of the fiber for propaga-tion in one direction to a first receiving location by internal reflection between the first pair of parallel sides of the fiber; and means for admitting light into a second end of the fiber for propagation in the other direction to a second receiving location by internal reflection between the second pair of parallel sides of the fiber.
a transparent substantially square cross section optical fiber having a high index of refraction core clad with a relatively low index of refraction coating, the fiber including first and second orthogon-ally related pairs of parallel seals, means for admit-ting light into a first end of the fiber for propaga-tion in one direction to a first receiving location by internal reflection between the first pair of parallel sides of the fiber; and means for admitting light into a second end of the fiber for propagation in the other direction to a second receiving location by internal reflection between the second pair of parallel sides of the fiber.
4. A multiplex optical transmission system for transmitting information in the form of light between light transmitting and receiving devices com-prising:
a length of rectangular optical fiber located between the transmitting and receiving devices having pairs of parallel light reflective sides defining first and second orthogonally related light propagating chan-nels; and light coupling means associated with each trans-mitting and receiving device for coupling a device to a respective first or second propagating channel of said fiber, each coupling means associated with a trans-mitting device being so constructed and arranged as to couple light to the respective channels in a manner to provide propagation in said two orthogonally related channels whereby each channel of said fiber transmits light energy between respective transmitting and re-ceiving devices without substantial interference from the other.
a length of rectangular optical fiber located between the transmitting and receiving devices having pairs of parallel light reflective sides defining first and second orthogonally related light propagating chan-nels; and light coupling means associated with each trans-mitting and receiving device for coupling a device to a respective first or second propagating channel of said fiber, each coupling means associated with a trans-mitting device being so constructed and arranged as to couple light to the respective channels in a manner to provide propagation in said two orthogonally related channels whereby each channel of said fiber transmits light energy between respective transmitting and re-ceiving devices without substantial interference from the other.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/374,406 US4516828A (en) | 1982-05-03 | 1982-05-03 | Duplex communication on a single optical fiber |
| US374,406 | 1989-06-30 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1190334A true CA1190334A (en) | 1985-07-09 |
Family
ID=23476670
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000415111A Expired CA1190334A (en) | 1982-05-03 | 1982-11-08 | Duplex communication on a single optical fiber |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4516828A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1190334A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2119540B (en) |
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| US4630889A (en) * | 1983-11-09 | 1986-12-23 | Polaroid Corporation | Polarization locked optical fiber and method |
| FR2556480B1 (en) * | 1983-12-09 | 1986-08-22 | Lignes Telegraph Telephon | ACTIVE OPTICAL BIDIRECTIONAL COUPLER |
| US4730882A (en) * | 1986-02-10 | 1988-03-15 | Spectra-Tech, Inc. | Multiple internal reflectance spectroscopy system |
| US4765706A (en) * | 1986-07-29 | 1988-08-23 | American Telephone And Telegraph Co., At&T Bell Labs. | Optical communications system including a directional coupler |
| US4770485A (en) * | 1987-05-05 | 1988-09-13 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Apparatus to launch separated mode groups into optical fibers |
| DE3914590A1 (en) * | 1989-05-03 | 1990-11-08 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | COUPLING ELEMENT FOR LIGHTWAVE GUIDE |
| US5341445A (en) * | 1992-03-27 | 1994-08-23 | General Electric Company | Polygonal-shaped optical coupling member for use with a high brightness light source |
| DE4309389C2 (en) * | 1992-03-27 | 1995-12-14 | Gen Electric | Optical lighting system with an optical coupling unit |
| US5479545A (en) * | 1992-03-27 | 1995-12-26 | General Electric Company | Reverse flared optical coupling member for use with a high brightness light source |
| US5530940A (en) * | 1995-02-02 | 1996-06-25 | Rohm And Haas Company | Coupling device for light pipe system |
| US6213651B1 (en) * | 1999-05-26 | 2001-04-10 | E20 Communications, Inc. | Method and apparatus for vertical board construction of fiber optic transmitters, receivers and transceivers |
| US6263132B1 (en) * | 1999-08-25 | 2001-07-17 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Apparatus and method for laterally displacing an optical signal |
| US6332050B1 (en) * | 2000-04-05 | 2001-12-18 | Board Of Supervisors Of Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College | Optical slab waveguide for massive, high-speed interconnects |
| US6954592B2 (en) * | 2002-01-24 | 2005-10-11 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Systems, methods and apparatus for bi-directional optical transceivers |
| US6883972B2 (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2005-04-26 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | Fiber-to-fiber coupling using interference to minimize power loss |
| IL157837A (en) * | 2003-09-10 | 2012-12-31 | Yaakov Amitai | Substrate-guided optical device particularly for three-dimensional displays |
| IL166799A (en) | 2005-02-10 | 2014-09-30 | Lumus Ltd | Substrate-guided optical device utilizing beam splitters |
| US10073264B2 (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2018-09-11 | Lumus Ltd. | Substrate-guide optical device |
| US10261321B2 (en) | 2005-11-08 | 2019-04-16 | Lumus Ltd. | Polarizing optical system |
| IL219907A (en) | 2012-05-21 | 2017-08-31 | Lumus Ltd | Head-mounted display eyeball tracker integrated system |
| IL232197B (en) | 2014-04-23 | 2018-04-30 | Lumus Ltd | Compact head-mounted display system |
| IL235642B (en) | 2014-11-11 | 2021-08-31 | Lumus Ltd | Compact head-mounted display system protected by a hyperfine structure |
| KR102528646B1 (en) | 2016-10-09 | 2023-05-03 | 루머스 리미티드 | Aperture multiplier using a rectangular waveguide |
| EP3371635B1 (en) | 2016-11-08 | 2022-05-04 | Lumus Ltd. | Light-guide device with optical cutoff edge and corresponding production methods |
| EP3574360A4 (en) | 2017-01-28 | 2020-11-11 | Lumus Ltd. | Augmented reality imaging system |
| KR102338472B1 (en) | 2017-02-22 | 2021-12-14 | 루머스 리미티드 | light guide optical assembly |
| WO2018173035A1 (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2018-09-27 | Lumus Ltd. | Overlapping facets |
| IL251645B (en) | 2017-04-06 | 2018-08-30 | Lumus Ltd | Light-guide optical element and method of its manufacture |
| CN110869839B (en) | 2017-07-19 | 2022-07-08 | 鲁姆斯有限公司 | Liquid crystal on silicon illuminator with light guide optical element |
| US10506220B2 (en) | 2018-01-02 | 2019-12-10 | Lumus Ltd. | Augmented reality displays with active alignment and corresponding methods |
| US10551544B2 (en) | 2018-01-21 | 2020-02-04 | Lumus Ltd. | Light-guide optical element with multiple-axis internal aperture expansion |
| IL259518B2 (en) | 2018-05-22 | 2023-04-01 | Lumus Ltd | Optical system and method for improvement of light field uniformity |
| WO2019224764A1 (en) | 2018-05-23 | 2019-11-28 | Lumus Ltd. | Optical system including light-guide optical element with partially-reflective internal surfaces |
| MX2021002813A (en) | 2018-09-09 | 2021-05-12 | Lumus Ltd | Optical systems including light-guide optical elements with two-dimensional expansion. |
| CN113330348B (en) | 2019-01-24 | 2023-01-24 | 鲁姆斯有限公司 | Optical system including an LOE with three-stage expansion |
| TWI800657B (en) | 2019-03-12 | 2023-05-01 | 以色列商魯姆斯有限公司 | Image projector |
| JP2022538957A (en) | 2019-06-27 | 2022-09-07 | ルーマス リミテッド | Apparatus and method for eye tracking based on imaging the eye through light guide optics |
| KR20220027928A (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2022-03-08 | 루머스 리미티드 | Image waveguides using symmetric beam multiplication |
| IL293243A (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2022-07-01 | Lumus Ltd | Light-guide optical element employing complementary coated partial reflectors, and light-guide optical element having reduced light scattering |
| CN114746797A (en) | 2019-12-08 | 2022-07-12 | 鲁姆斯有限公司 | Optical system with compact image projector |
| KR20220118470A (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2022-08-25 | 루머스 리미티드 | Optical system comprising a two-dimensional extended light guide optical element |
| WO2021240515A1 (en) | 2020-05-24 | 2021-12-02 | Lumus Ltd. | Method of fabrication of compound light-guide optical elements |
| DE202021104723U1 (en) | 2020-09-11 | 2021-10-18 | Lumus Ltd. | Image projector coupled to an optical light guide element |
| KR102620208B1 (en) | 2021-02-25 | 2023-12-29 | 루머스 리미티드 | Optical aperture multiplier with rectangular waveguide |
| US11860369B2 (en) | 2021-03-01 | 2024-01-02 | Lumus Ltd. | Optical system with compact coupling from a projector into a waveguide |
| US11822088B2 (en) | 2021-05-19 | 2023-11-21 | Lumus Ltd. | Active optical engine |
| IL309966B1 (en) | 2021-07-04 | 2024-03-01 | Lumus Ltd | Display with stacked light-guide elements providing different parts of field of view |
| TW202309570A (en) | 2021-08-23 | 2023-03-01 | 以色列商魯姆斯有限公司 | Methods of fabrication of compound light-guide optical elements having embedded coupling-in reflectors |
| US11719895B1 (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2023-08-08 | Globalfoundries U.S. Inc. | Spot-size converters with angled facets |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL261074A (en) * | 1958-08-11 | |||
| DE1927006B2 (en) * | 1968-07-06 | 1971-05-27 | OPTICAL MULTIPLEX TRANSMISSION SYSTEM | |
| US3813141A (en) * | 1972-11-22 | 1974-05-28 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Single material optical fiber structures including thin film supporting members |
| US4399563A (en) * | 1978-04-18 | 1983-08-16 | Honeywell Information Systems Inc. | Fiber optics high speed modem |
| DE2938649A1 (en) * | 1978-09-28 | 1980-04-10 | Australian Telecomm | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING SIGNALS IN LIGHT GUIDES |
| US4400054A (en) * | 1978-10-10 | 1983-08-23 | Spectronics, Inc. | Passive optical coupler |
| DE2938810A1 (en) * | 1979-09-25 | 1981-04-09 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | DEVICE FOR INJECTING RADIATION IN AN OPTICAL WAVE GUIDE |
| US4362358A (en) * | 1980-08-13 | 1982-12-07 | Bei Electronics, Inc. | Optical encoder having only one or two fiber optic cables |
-
1982
- 1982-05-03 US US06/374,406 patent/US4516828A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1982-11-08 CA CA000415111A patent/CA1190334A/en not_active Expired
-
1983
- 1983-04-26 GB GB08311362A patent/GB2119540B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4516828A (en) | 1985-05-14 |
| GB8311362D0 (en) | 1983-06-02 |
| GB2119540A (en) | 1983-11-16 |
| GB2119540B (en) | 1985-08-29 |
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