CA1244342A - Stage cementing apparatus - Google Patents

Stage cementing apparatus

Info

Publication number
CA1244342A
CA1244342A CA000499219A CA499219A CA1244342A CA 1244342 A CA1244342 A CA 1244342A CA 000499219 A CA000499219 A CA 000499219A CA 499219 A CA499219 A CA 499219A CA 1244342 A CA1244342 A CA 1244342A
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
stage
collar
ports
drill pipe
shifting tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CA000499219A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Harold S. Bissonnette
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schlumberger Technology Corp
Original Assignee
Dowell Schlumberger Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dowell Schlumberger Inc filed Critical Dowell Schlumberger Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1244342A publication Critical patent/CA1244342A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/06Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
    • E21B34/14Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/13Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like
    • E21B33/14Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like for cementing casings into boreholes
    • E21B33/146Stage cementing, i.e. discharging cement from casing at different levels

Abstract

STAGE CEMENTING APPARATUS

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE

A stage collar for stage cementing a well casing includes a slidable closing sleeve having ports alignable with ports in the stage collar case. These closing sleeve and stage collar ports communicate with an annulus around the well casing when the stage collar is open. A
shift sleeve closes the ports during running in and is actuable by simple drill pipe movements to open and re-close the stage collar ports. The shift sleeve is oper-ably coupled to the closing sleeve by a latch ring which locks the closing sleeve closed and cooperates therewith to form a smooth and substantially uniform inner stage collar bore. The drill pipe is operably connected to the stage collar by a screw-in or latch-in shifting tool which cooperates with the stage collar elements to form a fluidtight passage from the drill pipe to the annulus without entering the well casing interior. A dual stage shifting tool is also shown which permits a two-stage cementing operation to be performed with only one run down the hole.

Description

lZ~3~

STAGE CEMENTING APPARATUS

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Technical Field The invention relates generally to apparatus used in the primary cementing oE wells. More specifi-cally, the invention relates to stage collars used in multistage cementing operations.
2. Discussion of Related Art During well drilling operations, particularly in sreas such as the North Sea, gas sands and other weak or low pressure zones are Erequently penetrated at shallow depths less than, for example, 2000 feet below sea level. These sand pockets or lenses tend to be randomly distributed and are difficult to detect except by drill-ing and wireline logging.
Due to their small size and low pressure, the energy in shallow gas pockets is relatively low but porosity and permeability can be high. Furthermore, the primary hydrostatic pressure control means, such as a mud column used to contain the gas lens pressure durine drilling, is relatively low. If the primary hydrostatic control is lost, the result can be short-duration but violent gas flow, blowouts and~or undesirable and sudden platform setting.
Stage cementing is a technique which can be used to control and conEine the shallow gas Eormations during ~nd after cementing operations performed through a weak zone. The top of the first cementing stage is located ~-3`~
C-40,007
3~2 above the weak zone. When it hss been determined that the First stage has successEully sealed oEf the weak zone, the second stage can be completed. The resulting cement sheath which thus surrounds the well casing string replaces the drilled-out natural barriers and thus pre-vents vertical Elow.
S~age collars are used in stage cementing to solve the problem of excessive cement hydrostatic pres-sure. Cementing hydrostatic pressure becomes excessive when a column oE liquid cement exerts a pressure that exceeds the Eormation gradlent. ~owever, as cement sets, it will support its own weigllt and will not transmit tlle hydrostatic load oE 8 liquid cement column above. There-Eore, by building e column oE cement in stages oE a set cement column and liquid cement, the overall hydrostatic pressure at a given point in time is reduced.
Known stage collars also solve other problems associated with primary cementing of well casing by per-mitting the cement to be pumped through the drill pipe.
Wllen the cement is pumped through the drill pipe, the time and quantlty oE Eluid needed to displace the cement are greatly reduced. Also, when it is necessary or desirable to cement to the surface, wllicll is oEten done at shallow sites, the drill pipe cementing technique reduces cement waste to the volume oE the drill pipe.
Contamination is also reduced.
The known stage collars, however, have numerous drawbacks and undesirable Eeatures. Stage collars which are not drill pipe actua~ed require a drill-out procedure ~or the plugs, darts, seats, and other hardware. Many oE
the known collars require more than one run down the bore hole to perEorm a two-stage cementirlg operation. Tl~is greatly increases tlle time and cost required to complete a stage cemelltirlg operation.

lZ~39t~

Another problem with the known collars is that the closed collars can be accidentally reopened after the stage cementing operation is completed. Also, the stage collars do not adequately isolate the casing interior ~rom the drill pipe, thus requiring the use of a well head closure device. Although drill pipe-actuated stage collars are known, such as disclosed in U.S. patent 3,768,S62 issued to Baker, the collar does not have a uniEorm bore after removal of the drill pipe and actuat-ing tool, and the collar is not locked closed. Further-more, this known device is not a positive seal stab-in type design, and relies on sliding seal cups or isolation packers, which can wear down.
An apparatus for performing a two-stage cement-ing operation with one run down the hole is known; how-ever, this apparatus requires drill-out to achieve a uniform bore. This drill-out procedure is an additional and costly step, and can damage the stage collar and reduce its ability to isolate the weak zone. This appa-ratus also requires tlle use of known length-compensatillg subs (bumper subs or slip ~oints) and associated tools.
Also, the associated stage collar is not drill pipe ac~uated bu~, rather, is hydraulically actuated open and closed using plugs and darts.

~ z91~3~2
4 71456-38 SUMMARY OF THE NVENTION
The present invention provides a new stage collar and shifting tool to overcome the above-mentioned problems. The invention broadly contemplates a stage collar which can be operated or actuated by drill pipe movements and which provides a direct passage from the drill pipe to the casing annulus without entering the casing interior.
According to one aspect of the invention, a stage collar is shown which can be opened and closed by axial movement of the drill pipe and, when closed after a cementing operation, is locked closed so as not to be accidentally reopened.
According to another aspect of the invention, a stage collar is provided which has a generally uniform and smooth inner diameter bore after the stage collar is locked closed without having to drill out the collar. The stage collar is opened and closed by means which are connectable to the drill pipe via a shifting tool. A fluidtight passage is provided between drill pipe and the annulus surrounding the casing, yet provides a uniform bore upon completion of the cementing operation. The need for darts and plugs to hydraulically actuate the stage collar is obviated by the instant invention.
The present invention also broadly contemplates a dual stage shifting tool which permits a two-stage cementing operation to be performed with only one run down the hole. The dual stage shifting tool is particularly adapted for actuating the new stage collar.
According to a further aspect of the invention there is provided a drill pipe actuable stage collar for cementing a well 124~3~Z

4a 71456-38 casing in a bore hole comprising a stage collar case adapted to be placed in the well casing at a predeterminable location, the stage collar case including a plurality of ports communicating with an annulus around the well casing, closing sleeve means for closing the stage collar ports, the closing sleeve means being adapted to slidably move from an open position to a closed position with respect to the stage collar ports, means for shifting the closing sleeve means from the open position to the closed position, the shifting means being operable by drill pipe movement, and means operably associated with the shifting means and closing sleeve means for locking the closing sleeve means in the closed position, the closing sleeve means, stage collar case and locking means providing a substantially uniform inner diameter bore of the stage collar which does not have to be drilled out after the stage collar is closed.
The present invention also provides in combination, a pipe-actuated stab-in stage collar and a shifting tool adapted to be connected to the pipe for cementing a well casing in a bore hole at a predeterminable location, the stage collar comprising a ported case in fluid communication with an annulus around the well casing, slidable means for opening and closing the stage collar ports by axial move~ent of the pipe with respect to the stage collar case, the slidable means including locking means for locking the stage collar ports closed after a cementing operation, the shifting tool being connectable to the slidable means and cooperating therewith to form a positively sealed fluidtight passage from the pipe to the annulus without communicating with the well casing interior when the stage collar ports are open.

~Z~3~2 4b 71456-38 Additionally the invention provides a drill pipe actuated dual stage shifting tool for use in combination with a stage collar for stage cementing a well casing in a bore hole with a single run down the hole comprising sub means connectable at one end to the drill pipe and at an opposite end to means for first stage cementing below the stage collar, shifting tool collar means connectable to the stage collar, the sub means being slidably received within the collar means and being positionable with respect to the collar means in a closed position, a telescopically extended first stage cementing position and a retracted second stage cementing open position by drill pipe movement, means for permitting fluid communication between the drill pipe and stage collar only when the sub means is in the open position, and coupling means for releasably maintaining the sub means in the closed position during running in the hole and making up the shifting tool with the stage collar, the fluid communication means and coupling means being actuable by drill pipe movement.
In addition the present invention provides in combination, a drill pipe-actuated stab-in stage collar and a dual stage shifting tool for stage cementing a well casing in a bore hole at a predeterminable location, the stage collar comprising a ported case in fluid communication with the annulus around the well casing, slidable means for opening and closing the stage collar ports by axial movement of the pipe with respect to the stage collar case, the slidable means including locking means for locking the stage collar ports closed after the second stage cementing operation, the shifting tool having an open and a closed position and being connectable to the slidable means and lZ4434Z
4c 71456-38 cooperating therewith to form a fluidtight passage from the drill pipe to the annulus without communicating with the well casing interior when the stage collar ports and shifting tool are open, the shifting tool comprising means for performing the first stage cementing operation with a cementing shoe means below the stage c.ollar, the first stage cementing means being actuable by rotational and axial drill pipe movement independently of the stage collar slidable means such that a two-stage cementing operation can be performed with a single run down the hole.
These and other aspects of the present invention will be more fully described and understood from the following specification in view of the accompanying drawings.

12~ ~3~2 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FlG. 1 is an elevational view in partial longi-tudinal section oE a stage collar according to the pres-ent invention;
FIGS. 2A-2C are partial views oE the stage col-lar illustrated in FIG. 1, showing relative positions oE
the stage collar elements during run-in, cementing and reclosure;
FIG. 3 is an elevational view, in partial longi-tudinal section, of a shiEting tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is 8 view oÇ the stage collar as illus-trated in FIG. 2B, with the shiEting tool (partially shown) installed;
FIGS. 5A-5D show downhole illustrations oE the s~age collar and shifting tool shown in FIGS. 1-4 Eor a typical two-stage cementing operationi FIG. 6 is an elevational view, in partial longi-tudinal section, oE a dual stage shi~ting tool particu-larly adapted Eor use with the stage collar shown in FIG.
l;
FIG. 6A is an enlarged view oE a portion oE the dual stage shiEting tool shown in FIG. 6, speciEically showing the shiEting tool ports in an open position;
FIGS. 7A-7E show downhole illustrations oE the stage collar and dual stage shiEting tool shown in FlGS.
1 and 6 for a two-stage cementing operation involving only a single run down the hole;
FIG. 7F shows a downhole illustration oE the stage collar and dual stage shiEting tool during a three-stage cementing operation;

124~34Z

FIGS. 8A-8C show another embodi~ent of a stage collar sccording to the present invention wherein a down-ward movement is used to open the stage collar; and FIGS. 9A-9C show an embodimerlt o~ a mearls for latching a shi~ting tool in the stage collar without a threaded engagement.

VETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

A stage collar embo~ying the concepts of the present invention is generally indicated by the numeral 10 in the drawings. Speci~ically reEerring to FIG. 1, the stage collar 10 includes a multisectional outer case ~r housing 12 which includes two end connector members 12a and 12b, respectively. The connectors 12a,12b are adaptable ~or longitudinally placing the collar 10 in a well casing string "C" (not shown in FIG. 1) in a known manner.
A central portion 12c o~ the housing 12 has a plurality oE ports 14 which communicate with an annulus "A" surrounding the housing 12c and the well casing "C"
within the bore hole. The ported housing 12c can be ~oined to the connectors 12a, 12b by upper and lower scar~ joints 16a and 16b, respectively.
A slidable closing sleeve 18 is sealingly mourlted in the housing 12. The closing sleeve 18 in-cludes a plurality of ports 20 which are alignable with the housing ports 14, as illustrated. The closing sleeve 18 is adap~ed to slide between an open position (shown in FlG. 1) and a closed position tshowrl in FIG. 2C). The lZ44342 closing sleeve 18 has a plurality oE recesses for retain-ing sealing elements such as conventiorlal 0-rings 22 and packing 24 to provide a fluidtight seal between the ad~a-cent Eaces oE the sleeve 18 and the housing 12c.
Movement of the closing sleeve 18 is eEfectuated by means of a shiEt sleeve 26 and an expandable latch ring 28. The shift sleeve 26 includes a plurality of ports 30 which are alignable with the closing sleeve ports 20. The shiEt sleeve 26 is also provided with a plurality of recesses which retain sealing elements such as 0-rings 32 snd 32a to provide a fluidtight seal between the adjacent ~aces of the shift sleeve 26 and the closing sleeve 18.
The lower end of the shiEt sleeve 26 includes a plurality oE slotted collet Fingers 34 used to initially position and retain the sleeve 26 in tlle llousing 12. A
plurality oE anti-rotation and guide screw lugs 36 (only one shown) are provided in the lower end connector 12b so as to be positioned between the collet Elngers 34. The lower ends 34a of the fingers 34 are initially positioned unstressed and free witllin a corresponding groove 37 in the lower connector 12b. The shiEt sleeve 26 also has a recess 38 which cooperates with a shallow recessed Eac-ing portion 12d of the lower connector 12b to releasably retain the lstch ring 28.
FIG. 1 illustrates the relative positions oE tlle sleeves 18 26 the ports 14 20 30 and tlle latch ring 28 during running in the hole and prior to opening the stage collar 10. Tlle ports 30 are completely out oE
alignment Witll the alLgned ports 14 20 arld an upper portlon 26a of the shift sleeve is uositioned opuosite the inner side oE the closlng sleeve uorts 20 and seals ofE fluid comrnunlcation thereto. Tllus the stage collar lZ~342 lO as illustrated in FIG. 1 is ln a closed run-in posi-tion. The pair oE O-rings 32a form a fluidtight seal above and below the closing sleeve ports 20.
The shiEt sleeve 26 has an inner threaded Eemale bore 40 adapted to be threadedly engaged with a drill pipe-operated shiEting tool 100 illustrated in FIG. 3.
It will suEfice for now to understand that the shiEting tool 100 is made up with the ~rill pipe and is provided with a threaded male portion 102 which is screwed into the mating female bore 40 in the shiEt sleeve 26.
The operation oE opening the stage collar 10 and then re-closing the stage collar is best shown by compar-ative reEerence to FIGS. 2A-2~. For clarity and conven-ience oE reEerence, the closed run-in position showrl in FIG. 1 is repeated ~s FIG. 2A. FIG. 2B shows the staee collar 10 in the open or cementing position and FIG. 2C
shows the stage collar in the locked and closed position.
When downhole operations are completed to the point oE having to open the stage collar lO Eor cement-ing, the stab-in shiEting tool 100 is engaged with the stage collar lO by mating with the bore 40. At this point, ~he stage collar 10 is in the closed position, as shown in FlG. 2A (the shiEting tool lO0 is omitted in FIGS. 2A-2C). The drill pipe, which is connected to the shiEting tool 100, is Eorced upwardly to exert a stage collar opening upward pull on the slliEt sleeve 26. SuE-Eicient upward Eorce is applled to cause the collet Eingers 34 to move out of the grooves 37 by compressing inwardly, tllus permittlng tlle slliEt sleeve 26 to slide upwards. The latch ring 28, which thus Ear is still retaLned in tlle recess 38, also slides upwards with the shiEt sleeve 26.

12443~2 The latch ring 28 is oE a split ring design which is compressed or squeezed radially inwardly to flt within the recess 38 and held tllere by the opposing por-tion 12d oE the lower connector 12b. That is, the ring 28 is compressed between the shiEt sleeve 26 and the connector portion 12d, within the recess 38.
Upward movement oE the slliEt sleeve 26 and latch ring 28 continues until the top peripheral edge 28a o~
the latch ring engages or bumps the bottom peripheral edge 18a o~ the closing sleeve 18. This engagemen~ will be de~ectable by an operator at the surface by a sudden increase in the pull load. A plurality oE shear screws 42 and anti-ro~ation lugs (not shown) ~re provided to prevent the closing sleeve 18 Erom moving Eurther upwards at this time, and it is necessary that the opening pull applied to the shi~t sleeve 26 and latch ring 28 by tile drill pipe via the tool 100 not exceed the sllear load of the screws 42. There are actually two anti-rotation and guide lugs (not shown) and two shear screws 42. All Eour elements lie in tlle same plane and only one oE the shear screws 42 is shown in the drawings. The shear screws 42 are each tllreadedly mounted in the ported housirlg 12c and exterld into a hole in the closing sleeve 18 as illus-trated. The snti-rotation lugs do not extend into the closing sleeve 18, but are received in an axial sleeve recess in the sleeve 18 outer surEace. Tlle upward distance traveled by the drill pipe, sleeve 26, and ring 28 Erom the position shown in FIG. 2A to the position shown in FlG. 2B can be noted at the surEace by marking tlle drill pipe and can be, Eor example, about two Lnches.
A recess 44 in the lower connector 12b captures the latch ring 28 as it moves upwardly and into engage-ment with tile closing sleeve 18. Because the latch rinK

- ~Z443~2 is initially compressed within the shiEt sleeve recess 38, the lower connector recess 44 permits the ring 28 to naturally expand outwardly and slightly away Erom the sleeve 26 as illustrated in FIG. 2B. The recess 44, 11OW-ever, is shallow or narrow enough so that the ring 28 is also s~ill partly retained within the recess 38, and thus stlll operably engaged with the shiEt sleeve 26.
As shown in FIG. 2B, when upward movement is prevented by the latch ring 28 engaging the sleeve 18, the shiEt sleeve ports 30 are now aligned with the clos-ing sleeve ports 20 wllich also are open to the housing ports 14. The upper end 26a oE the sleeve 26 no longer blocks the ports 20 and the stage collar 10 is in the open or cernentLng position.
By way oE example, in the preEerred embodiment, the upward Eorce needed to disengage the shiEt sleeve collet Eingers 34 Erom the associated grooves 37 is about 10,000 to 15,000 pounds over pipe weight. The shear load oE the screws 42 is a minimum of about 30,000 to 40,000 pounds over pipe weight to ensure that the procedure to open the stage collar 10 does not inadvertently break the screws 42 which would immediately reclose tlle collar 10.
ConEirmation that the latch ring 28 has properly expanded into the recess 44 can be noted at the surEace because, as illustrated in FIG. 2B, the operably eneaged shiÇt sleeve 26, latch ring 28, and lower housing con-nec~or 12b will prevent the drill pipe Çrom droppirlg back down aEter the supporting load is removed. This veriEi--cation, oE course, is particularly eEEective in shallow wells. VeriEication can be made by marking the drill pipe with reEerence marks beEore and aEter the stage collar ls opened.

- ~2443~Z

After the cementing i~ completed, it is desir-able to sgain close the stage collar 10 to oytimize zone isolation. The procedure Eor re-closing the stage collar can best be understood by comparing FIGS. 2B and 2C.
The drill plpe is picked up and a closing load oF 30,000 to 40,000 pounds over pipe weight is applied to the shift sleeve 26 via the shiEting tool lO0. This closing force is coupled to the closing sleeve 18 by the latch ring 28 and, upon shearing the screws 42, the clos-ing sleeve 18, latch ring 28, and shiEt sleeve 26 move upwards until the top peripheral edge 18c of the closing sleeve 18 engages a lower shoulder edge 46 on the uppe~
connector 12a. The latch ring 28 ~urther expands and snaps into a gap 48 which is Eormed by the upward move-ment of the closing sleeve 18 away Erom the lower connec-tor 12a.
AFter the latch ring 28 is captured in the gap 48 as illustrated in FIG. 2C, the ring 28 no longer engages the sllift sleeve 26 and the sllift sleeve 26 can be easily pulled out oE the hole along with the shiEting tool 100 and drill pipe. Furthermore, the closing sleeve ports 20 have shiEted up out of alignment with the hous-ing ports 14 and the seal elements 24,22 sealingly close oEE the stage collar.
The latch ring 28 can now be noted to have numerous useful ~eatures. Because the ring 28 ~ills in the gap 48 between the shifted closing sleeve 18 and the lower connector 12b, a substantially smootll and uniform inner dlameter bore results in the stage collar 10 after the collar is closed without requiring any drill-out. In addition, the lstch ring 28 slips in under the closing sleeve 18 and locks or latches it in the close~ posi-tion. The stage collar 10 cannot be inadverterltiy lZ4~3~2 reopened once the latch ring 28 has locked into the posi-tion shown in FIG. 2C. Also, the shift sleeve 26, shiEt-ing tool 100, and drill pipe cannot be retrieved with sxiAl drill pipe movement until the staee collar 10 is locked closed. The latch ring 28 also provides an eEEec-tive load coupling or connection between the drill pipe-actuated shift sleeve 26 and the closing sleeve 18 which permits a positive fluidtight seal to be formed between the latter two elements.
With particular reEerence now to FIGS. 3 and 4, an embodiment oE a stab-in shiEting tool 100 according to the present invention will now be described. It will be recalled Erom the discussion hereinabove that a feature oE the shiEting tool 100 is the threaded male portion or seal collar 102 which is matable with the Eemale bore 40 on the shift sleeve 26. The shiEting tool 100 Eurther includes an internally threaded centralizer sub 104 whlch matingly connects at its upper end to the drill pipe (not shown in FIG. 3). Mounted on the sub 104 is a cen~ral-izer assembly 106 including fl plurality oE centralizer bows 106a.
The threaded male seal collar 102 includes a circumEerentially slotted manifold 108 with a plurality o~ ports 110 therein which open into the sub conduit 112. A plurality oE circumEerential O-rings and packing elements 114a, 114b, respectively, are provided above and below the ports 110 as illustrated.
A conventional plug collar 116 is supported within a plug catcher sub 118 by a plurality oE shear screws 120 in a known manner. The plug catcher sub 118 i5 mounted on the bottom oE the seal collar 102, as illustrated. A plug catcher cap 122 ls threadedly mounted on the lower end of the sub 118.

~Z4~342 ReFerring now to FIG. 4, when the shiFting tool 100 is screwed into the shift sleeve 26, the ports 110 are open to the ports 30 in the shiEt sleeve 26 via the maniEold 108. (The view in FIG. 4 has been simpliFied Eor clarity by omitting the drill pipe, the centralizer sub 104 and details shown in FIG. 3 not pertinent to the present discussion.) The sealing elements 114a, 114b ensure a Eluidtight stab-in connection between the male seal collar 102 and the mated ~emale bore 40. It will be noted that FIG. 4 shows the s~age collar 10 in the open position (corresponding to FIG. 2B). OE course, when the shiEting tool 100 is initially made up into the sleeve 26, the stage collar 10 is in the closed position shown in FIGS. l and 2A. Thus, aEter the tool 100 is initially screwed into the stage collar 10, although the tool ports 110 are aligned with the sleeve ports 30, the ports 110,30 are out oE alignment with the closing sleeve and stage collar ports 20,14 when the stage collar is in tl-~e closed run-in position shown in FI~. 2A.
Still reEerring to FIG. 4, it can be seen thAt the shiEting tool 100 and shiEt sleeve 26 cooperate to ~orm an assembly which permits a Eluidtight passage to exist between the drill p~pe and the annulus "A" around the well casing and stage collar 10. Thus, cement and/or other Fluids can be pumped down the drill pipe directly into the annulus "A" without entering or passing through the interior oE the casing or stage collar as indicated by the Elow arrow "D" in FIG. 4. This obviates the need For a well head closure device or sliding seals. The stage collar 10 and tool 100 thus aet as a true stab-in apparatus by permittirlg Eluidtigllt drill pipe-to-outer caslng anrlulus ~isplacement. The shiEting tool 100 is slmilar to a retrievable and reusable packing tool witl- a ~24~3~Z

positively sealed Eluid passage between the drill pipe and the casing outer annulus.
An lmportant aspect oE the stab-in stage collar and shiEting tool assembly ~ust described is that the stage collar 10 can be fully operated by simple and expedient axial movements oE the drill pipe, yet a Eluid-tight passage Erom the drill pipe to the annulus is also provided by a simple axial rotation oE the drlll pipe (to make up the shiEting tool 100 with the stage collar 10) without re4uiring the use oE darts, plugs, sliding seal elements or hydraulic actuation. Thus, stage collar actuation is perEormed only with ~xial drill pipe move-ment and Çluids are pumped and displaced through drill pipe. Furtllermore, and still by simple drill pipe move-ments, the stage coll~r 10 can be locked closed after cementing and the shifting tool 100 and shift sleeve 26 easily removed, leavin~ behind a relatively smooth and uniform stage collar inner bore without drilling-out.
With particular reference to FIGS. 5A-5D, a multistage cementing operation using the stab-in stage collar and shiFting tool will now be described, such description being Eor exemplary purposes, and should not be interpreted in a limiting sense. FIGS. 5A-5D are somewhat schematic, and reEerence should still be made to FIGS.l-'~ Eor detailed views oE the stage collar and shiEting tool.
FlG. 5A shows the downhule illustration ~ust prior to the Eirst stage cementing. SpeciEically, the stage collar 10 is placed in the casing "C" so that it has landed above the weak zone (not shown) and, oE
course, the stage collar is in the closed position as is illustrated, with the slliEt sleeve ports 30 out oE

lZ443~2 alignment with the ports 14,20. A conventional Eloat shoe 50 is Eixedly attached to the bottom of the casing and has a comrnon Elapper valve 52 in the passage there-through.
The drill pipe 60 with a centralizer 62 is run in the hole through the stage collar 10, and is stung into the shoe 50 in a known rnanner. The hole is condi-tioned and cement is pumped down the drill pipe 60, througll the shce 50 and into the snnulus around the casing "C". The cement preEerably is displaced with a conventional wiper plug 64 (FIG. 5B) and fills up the ~nnulus "A" to the stage collar 10 and the first stage cement can in fact go above the stage collar. AEter the first stage cementing is completed, the drill pipe is pulled out of the slloe 50 and reverse-circulated, if necessary, to clean out the pipe 60 prior to removing it from the hole.
The drill pipe 60 and centralizer 62 are tllen removed Erom the hole and the shiEting tool 100 is mounted on the drill pipe 60 with the centralizer 106.
Drill pipe centralizers (not shown~ should also be used as required. The drill pipe and shiEting tool are run in the hole until the shifting tool 100 tags the stage col--lar 10 via the shiEt sleeve 26. Under a down load oE, for example, 5000 pounds, the shifting tool 100 is made up with (i.e., connected to) the stage collar 10 by rotating the drill pipe 60. The tool lO0 is screwed into the shiEt sleeve 26 with about 5 rotations until the torque builds as noted at the surEace. The anti-rota~ion lugs 36 (FlG. 1) prevent the sleeve 26 Erom rotating as the tool 100 is screwed in. At this point, the shiftirlg tool 100 is thus stabbed in the stage collar 10 as illus--trated in FIG. 5B. The stage collar lO at tllis point is still closed.

While in the stab-in position oE FIG. 5B, the various described seals 32,32a,114a,114b can be tested by applying pressure to the drill pipe 60, keeping in mind that the pressure should hold because the stage collar 10 is closed and the seals 114a, 114b, 32, and 32a should isolate the drill pipe 60 Erom any annulus surrounding it.
Next, the stage collar lO is opened by pulling up on the drill pipe 10,000 to 15,000 pounds over pipe weight. The open stage collar 10, which is now in the cementing position, is shown ~n FIG. 5C. The upward pull oE 10,000-15,000 pounds causes the shiEt sleeve 26 to move up until the ports 14,20 are ali~ned with the shi~t sleeve and collar ports 30,110, thus establishing direct communication between the annulus "A" and the drill pipe 60. ReEerence should again be made to FIGS. 2B and 4 Eor a more detailed view oE the stage collar 10 in its cementing or open position.
The open stage collar position oE FIG. 5C can, of course, be easily tested by establishing a flow rate through the drill pipe 60 to the annulus. PreEerably, the s~age collar 10 is opened immediately after the first stage cementirlg is done to simplify conditioning the hole. The hole is conditioned by pumping Eluid down the drill pipe 60 and Eorcing the Eirst stage cement whicl may have Elowed above the stage collar 10 up to the surEace.
AEter the hole is conditioned and the Eirst sta~e cement llas set, second stage cement is pumped down the drill pipe 60 and passes through the aligned and open por~s 110, 30, 20, and 14 into the anrlulus. The quantity oE cement displaced will depend on the particular cllarac-~eristics oE the bore hole, but can Eill the anrlulus to tlle surEace or to yet anotller stage collar tllereabove, as ~Z~3~Z

would be done during a three-stage cementing operation.
Ag~in, a conventional wiper plug 66 (FIG. 5D) can be used to displace the second stage cement and sits in the plug catcher seat 116 (FIG. 3). Total displacement is indi-cated by a rise in drill pipe pressure, since the plug 66 will close ofE the drill pipe 60.
It should be noted at this time that in addition to the msniEold 108 in the seal collar 102, manifol~
means can be provided as illustrated sround the shift sleeve ports 30 and stage collar por~s 14 to E~cilitate alignment and fluid communication between the ports.
Thus, the term "alignab].e" when used in the instant specification and claims should be interpreted in a broader sense in that "aligned" ports are in Eluid com--munication with each other either by direct axial align-ment or by a manifold type coupling.
The stage collar 10 is tllerl closed, as described hereinabove. The drill pipe 60 is pulled up 30,000 to 40,000 pounds over pipe weight wllich pulls up the shift--ing tool 100, shift sleeve 26, latch ring 28, and closing sleeve 18 by shearing the screws 42. This causes the ports 20 to be misaligned with the ports 14 and the latch ring 28 snaps in under the closing sleeve 18 and locks it closed. The drill pipe 60, shifting tool 100, and shiEt sleeve 26 then essily sliy up out of the stage collar 10, leaving the collar 10 Witll a smooth and generally uniEorm bore with no need to drill out the stage collar. This is the position shown in FLG. 5D. Again, reEerence may be had to FlG. 2C for a more detailed vlew oE the closed positiorl oE the stage collar.
The downllole illustration shown in FIG. 5D is the second stage reverse clrculation position. Tllat i.s, uporl closing tlle stsge collar 10, the "wet" drill pipe 60 lZ~3'~2 preferably is not pulled out of the hole. The drill pipe 60 pressure is First ~ncreased to a level adequate to shear the bolts 120 (FIG. 3), thereby forcing the plug catcher 116 and plug 66 down. This moves the plug 66 out of the way of the ports 110 and 30 (as illustrated Ln FIG. 5D), thus o2ening the drill pipe 60 to the annulus within the casing "C". Reverse circulation can then be perEormed to force the second stage cement waste or other fluids left in the drill pipe 60 to the surface. The "dry" drill pipe is then pulled out oE the hole, with the shifting tool 100 and shift sleeve 26 attached. Further preparation of the hole for production can then proceed after drilling out the shoe 50 in a known manner.
Thus it can be understood that the stage collar 10 described herein is Eully operable with only drill pipe moven~ents and, with the shifting tool, maintains a positive seal and fluidtight passage between the drill pipe and casing annulus without entering the interior oE
the casing, and is locked closed after cementing, leaving behind a virtually uniform bore.
~ he instant invention also contempla~es a new slliftirlg tool which makes possible a two-stage cementing operation with only one run into the hole. The dual stage shiEting tool which will now be described is also particularly adapted to stab-in, operate with, and actuate the stage collar 10 described hereinabove.
With particular reference to FIG. 6, as well as FIGS. 1 and 3, the dual stage shifting tool 150 includes a seal collar male connector 152 which can be oE similar construction and function as tlle seal collar 102 on the shiEting tool 10~ shown in FIG. 3. Accordingly, the collar 152 is a threaded male element which matingly screws into the female threads on the shi~t sleeve 26 in lZ443~2 the stab-in stage collar 10 (FIG. 1). The collar 152 includes a circumEerentially recessed or slotted maniEold uortion 154 having a plurality of ports 156 therein.
When the tool 150 is made up into the stage collar 10, the yorts 156 align with the shiEt sleeve ports 30 via the manifold 154. A plurality oE packing and/or O-ring type seal elements 158 are provided to Eorm a Fluidtight mated screw-in connection between the collar 152 and the shiEt sleeve 26.
The seal collar 152 is attached to a "J" slotted llousing 160. A ported mandrel or sub 162 is slidably received within the collar 152 and tlle housing 160, and is adapted to axially slide therein. The mandrel 162 provides an inner threaded bore 164 wllich is made up with the drill pipe (not shown in FIG. 6). Thus, the drill pipe can be used to control the longitudinal position oE
tlle mandrel 162 relative to the collar 152, housing 160, and stage collar 10.
The lower end oE the ported mandrel 162 has a threaded male portion 166 adapted to matingly connect with a conventional drill pipe stinger extension 168 (sllown schematically in FIGS. 7A-7F). Ttle bottom lnner bore oE the mandrel 162 has a conventional dart seat 170 therein.
The top end oE the seal collar 152 is attaclled to a lower centralizer bushing 172. A centralizer tie sleeve 114 Ei~edly ~oins, in a spaced-apart arrangement, the lower bushing 172 and an upper centralizer bushitlg 176. The upper and lower centralizer busllings 172, 176 provide a means Eor mounting a centralizer 178 on the tool 150 wllile permittlng the ported mandrel 162 to be axially slidable thereirl. The centralizer 178 includes a plurality oE centrallzer bows 178a.

12~439~2 The ported mandrel 162 is releasably coupled to the housing 160 by means of a "J" slot and lug mechanlsm 180. The housing 160 includes a "J" slot 182 which ca~)-tures a "J" lug collar 184 when the lug collar is posi-tioned as shown in FIG. 6. The J-lug 184 is Eixedly mounted on the ported mandrel 16Z by a bolt 186. When the lug 184 is captured in the housing J-slot 182, the mandrel 162 is axially Eixed with respect to the collar 152 and the housing 160. A simple one-quarter rotational turn imparted to the drill pipe will in turn rotate the mandrel 162 and uncapture or unseat the J-lug collar 184 Erom the J-slot 182. This permits the ported mandrel 162 to telescopically extend out oE the tool 150 by sliding axially down through the collar 152 under control oE the drill pipe. After extension, the ported mandrel 162 can be pulled up and back into the housing and collar 160, 152 by simply picking up the drill pipe. During such retraction, the J-lug collar 184 is guided back into the housing 160 by a Eunneled passage 163 itl the housing 160.
The tool 150 is designed so that a counterclock-wise series oE rotations (about Eive) is used to screw the tool 150 into the stage collar 10. Thus, the "J"
mechanism is designed to disengage Wi~ll a one-quarter clockwise turn so that the tool 150 can be made up into the stage collar 10 without inadver~ently "unjaying" the ported mandrel 162. It should now be clear that the position oE the shiEtirlg tool 150 shown in FlG. 6 is ~he closed run-in position and also is the position wherl the tool is initially made up into the stage collar 10.
The mandrel 162 includes a plurality oE ports 188 which are alignable with the collar ports 156 and provide Eluid cvmmunication betweeil tlle collar 152 and a 124~ 2 central bore 190 of the ported mandrel 162. As shown in FIG. 6, during running in and during the Eirst stage cementing operation the mandrel ports 188 are out oE
alignment with the ports 156 and are maintained closed by a port closure sleeve 192. Thus, the shiEting tool 150 is depicted in FIG. 6 in a closed position. This permits cement and fluids to be pumped down the drill pipe and through tlle ported mandrel bore 190 dur~ng the Eirst stage cementing without loss oE Eluid through the ports 188. A plurality oE packing arld seal elements lg4 form a Eluidti~ht seal above and below the ports 188 against the sleeve 192. The sleeve 192 is fixedly ~oined to the mandrel 162 by shear ~olts 196 (only one shown) so that the sleeve 192 travels with the mandrel 162 and maintains tlle ports 188 closed as the mandrel telescopically slides down and out oE the housing 160.
The procedure Eor opening the dual stage shiEt-ing tool 150 to the stage collar 10 will now be described, and reEerence should be made to FIGS. 6 and 6A. As with the above-described shi.Eting tool 100, the dual stage shiEting tool 150 is run into tlle llole and made up into the stage collar 10 by a series oE counter-clockwise turns which screw the collar 152 into the shiEt sleeve 26. The shiEting tool 150 and stage collsr 10 at this time are closed (although the mandrel 162 is tele-scopically extended down Eor the Eirst stage cementing operation). AEter the Eirs~ stage cementing oyeration is completed, the ported mandrel 162 is pulled back up into the tool 150 by the drill pipe. As the mandrel 162 tele-scopes up into the collar 152 and housing 160, a top periplleral edge 198 oE the closure sleeve 192 engages a recessed shoulder 200 on the collar 152. This engagemerlt prevents Eurther upward movement oÇ the sleeve 192, ~nd lZ4~3~2 ~hen a predeterminable Eorce is applied to the drill pipe, the shear bolts 196 will shear oEE (see FIG. 6A).
The ported mandrel 162 is then Eree to move furtller upward while the closure sleeve remains in the housing 160, thereby opening the mandrel ports 188.
The ported mandrel 162 is raised until the ports 188 are aligned with the collar ports 156 such that the tool 150 is now open, as depicted in FIG. 6A. A collaps-ibly biased mandrel latch ring Z02 is retained between the collar 152 and the mandrel 162 in a small recess 204 Ln the co]lar 152. The ring 202 is trayped in the recess 204 by a lower Eacing portion oE the bushing 172. As best shown in FIG. 6A, the ported mandrel 162 has ~n upper detent 206 and a lower detent 208. The upper detent 206 is positioned so as to capture a radially inner portion oE the latch ring 202 when the dual stage shiEting tool 150 is in the closed position (FIG. 6).
The ring 202 and upper detent 206 provide a position indicating means detectable at the surEace as a resis-tance to upward movement oE the drill pipe. During initial assembly oE the tool 150, the upper detent 206 provides a position locater to indicate that the tool 150 is in the closed position. The detent 206 has cam sur-Eaces 210 which cammingly engage correspondin~ surEaces 212 on the la~ch ring 202. The camming action expands the ring 202 radially outwardly as the mandrel 162 is pulled upward, thus disengaging or releasing the ring 202 Erom the detent 206 when sufEicient force is applied~ As the mandrel 162 continues to be raised, the lower detent 208 is positioned so as to capture the latch ring 202 when the shiEtLnK tool 150 is in the open position, i.e., the por~s 156 and 188 are a]igned. This is the position shown in FlG. 6A.

lZ4~342 It will be noted that the lower detent 208 has a di~Eerent contour Erom the upper detent 206. The lower detent 208 has a radial shoulder 214 which slips over and engages a corresponding radial shoulder 216 on the latch ring 202. Once this engagement is made, the ring 202 is captured and the mandrel 162 cannot be telescopically lowered with respect to the collar 152 and is supported therein. This provides a means for detecting at the sur-face that the shiEting tool 150 has been opened. By set-ting down the drill pipe, the drill pipe should not lower without supporting weight iE the ring 202 is properly captured in the lower detent 208 and the tool 150 is open. Simply ayplying pressure to the drill pipe to check that the ports 156, 188 are aligned would not pro-vide an indication because at this time the stage collar 10 is still closed.
As shown in FlG. 6~, the packing and seal ele-ments 194 Eorn~ a Eluidtight seal between tlle ported mandrel 162 and the collar 152, thereby ensuring a Eluid-tight passage Erom the drill pipe, througll the shi~ting tool 150 and stage collar 10, and into the annulus around the casing without enterlng the interior oE the casing.
lt will be recalled that this Eeature is also provided on the earlier-described shifting tool 100. It should also be noted tllat the shiEting tool 150 is Eully actuable by slmple drill pipe movements, as is tlle stage collar 10.
ReEerring still to FIG. 6A, it will be noted that the mandrel latch ring 202 is T-shaped in sectiorl, as is the recess 204 Eormed by the bushing 172 and seal collar 152 in which the ring is retained. This design uermits the collapsible ring 202 to be expanded and to thus move radially in and out so as to engaee and disen-gage with the detents 206,208, yet prevents tl-le ring 202 124~3~2 from totally collapsing or falling QUt oE the recess 204 whenever the mandrel or drill pipe are not within the collar 152, such as during initial installation. The upper detent 206 also has second cam surfaees 218 which expand the ring 202 when the mandrel 162 is pushed down via the drill pipe. This downward movement occurs, for ex~mple, during stab-in oE the float shoe 50 prior to the first stage cementing operation.
The upper detent 206 and ring 202 thus coact as a backup and prevent inadvertent decoupllng oE the marl--drel 162 from the collar 152 should the "J" mechanism 180 disengage while running in the hole, and also prevents the drill pipe and mandrel 162 from suddenly dropping when the mandrel 162 is "un~ayed" Erom the housing 160.
With particular reference to FIGS. 7A-7F, an exemplary two-stage cementing operation involving only one run down the hole by using the dual stage shiEting tool 150 will now be described. Elements in FIGS.7A-7F
which correspond to elements in FIGS. 5A-5D are given ~he same numeral.
FlG. 7A shows the downhole illustration during running-in. The stage collar 10 has been placed in the casing "C" so as to land at a predeterminable location such as above a weak zone (not shown). The conventional cementing shoe 50, of course, is positioned at the bottom of the caslnK. The shoe stab-in tool 168 may be oE con-ventional design and is carried on the lower end of the drill pipe below the dual stage shifting tool 150. A
centralizer 148 is moun~ed on the stab-in tool 168 in a known manner. In order to ensure that the shifting tool 150 can be made up into the stage collar 10, the tool 150 is placed in the drill pipe 60 so that the length oE the drill pipe between the bot~om oE the stab-in tool 168 and lZ4~3~2 the shiEting tool 150 is ten to sixty Eeet less than the distance between the shoe 50 and the stage collar 10.
That is, Eirst the conventional stab-in tool 168 is made up to the drill pipe with the centralizer 148, and tllen Eollowed with drill yipe 60 until tlle lengtll oF the drill pipe is ten to sixty Eeet less than the distance between the shoe 50 and the stage collar 10. Then the shiEting tool 150 is made up in the drill pipe via the threaded male end 166 on the por~ed mandrel 162 (see FIG. 6).
This procedure ensures that the shifting tool 150 can be made up with the s~age collar 10 before the conventional stab-in tool 168 can tag the slloe 50.
The centralizer 178 is next made up in the drill pipe and the "J" mechanism 180 can be checked to veriry that it is properly engaged. The drill pipe 60 is then run in at a moderate rate, having been joined to the shiEting tool 150 via the threaded connector 164 on the top oE the ported mandrel 162. During running-in, rota--tion oE tlle drill pipe should be avoided to prevent acci-dentally un~aying the ported mandrel 162 Erom the "J"
housing 160. During running-in, o~ course, the conven-tional stab-in tool 168 is appropriately sized to easily yass through the staee collar 10, as shown in FIG. 7A.
AEter slowing down as the stage collar 10 is reached, tlle dual stage shifting tool 150 lightly tags the stage collar lO and the drill pipe can be marked Eor a positional reEerence. The drill pipe 60 is rotated counterclockwise while maintairlirlg a load oE about 2,000 to lO,000 pounds on the tool 150. About 4 or 5 revolu-tions will make up the tool 150 in the stage collar shiEt sleeve 26 (FIG. l), and rotation is continued until the torque builds to about 2000 Eoot/pounds. The shiEtirlg ~ool 150 is now connected to the stage collar 10 as sl~own 12~3~2 in FIG. 7B. The tool 150 is still closed, however, as described hereinbefore becsuse the ports 188 are sealed by the closure sleeve lg2. The pipe 60 is again marked and the First and second posltional reference marks should be about three inches apart. The seals and pack-ing elements 22, 24, 32, and 32a which seal the stage collar 10 closed can be checked at this time by applying pressure down the casing side. The stage collar 10, of course, is also still closed in that the ports 14,20 are not aligned wLth the shiEt sleeve ports 30.
The counterclockwise torque is released and the ported mandrel 162 is un~ayed from the tool 150 by a slight clockwise rotation to disengage the J-lug collar 184 From the J-slot 182 in tlle housing 160. Thls permits tlle drill pipe 60, the ported mandrel 162, and the stab-in tool 168 to be lowered ten to sixty feet to Eluid-tiglltly sting tlle tool 168 into the shoe 50. This is the First stage cementing position shown in FIG. 7B. Note tha~ the ported mandrel ports 188 are still closed by the sleeve 192 so that the drill pipe 60, malldrel 162, and tool lG8 form a fluidtight conduit down to the shoe 50.
It should also be noted that the drill pipe 60, mandrel 162, and tool 168 Çorm a rigid string from the surEace to the shoe 50 to provide a positive sting-in verificatio of the surFace.
The ~irst stage cementing operation is then per-formed via the shoe 50 as described hereinbeEore. The cement is displaced with the conventional wiper plug 64.
(FlG. 7C), after which the flapper check valve 52 is closed. The drill Pipe 60 is next picked up and the stab-in tool 168 is released up from the shoe 50 about five Feet to permit reverse-circulating the drill pipe 60, iF necessary. This is the downhole position showrl in FIG. 7C.

12~434;2 A second stage shut-ofE dart 146 can be dropped at this time, and will land in the dart seat 170 (FIG.
6). The dart 146 can be pressure-tested by applying 1500 psi down the ~riil pipe 60. Then the drill pipe 60 is picked up snd the ported mandrel 162 is pulled back into the stage collar 10. (More specifically, oE course, the mandrel 162 is telescopically retracted back into the collar 152 and housing 160 as in FIGS. 6 and 6A.) The drill pipe 60 is pulled up with about 2,009 to 5,000 pounds, thus shearing o~E the screws 196 so that the lower detent 208 captures the mandrel latcll ring 202 as described earlier herein. This is tlle position shown in FIG. 7D and reEerence should be made to FIG. 6A Eor greater detail. VeriEication can be made at the surface in that tlle second reference mark on the drill pipe 60 should be one to two inches higher than its original position (whicll would be about the lineal distance between the upper and lower detents 206,208). Also, the drill pipe 60 should not lower without supporting weight because the mandrel 162 should be latched by the ring 202, as previously described.
As shown in FIG. 7D, the dual stage shifting tool 150 is now open because the mandrel ports 188 are aligned with the collar ports 156, and both are aligned with the shiEt sleeve ports 30. The stage collar 10, however, is still closed because the shift sleeve 26 is still ln its down position (see FIG. 2A). At this time, the seals 158, 194 and 32 can be checked by pressure-testing the drill pipe 60.
From this point on, the operation o~ the dusl stage shiEting tool 150 and stage collar 10 is essen-tially ~he same as described herelnabove witll the shiEt-ing tool 100. A pull-up on the drill pipe 60 oE about lZ44342 10,000 to 15,000 pounds over pipe weight opens the stage collar 10 by sliding the shiEt sleeve 26 up until the latch ring 28 is captured in the recess 44 (FIG. 2B).
The second reference mark on the drill pipe 60 should now be two to three inches above its original position, and should not drop down. This is the position shown in FIG.
7E. Note that the ports 14, 20, 30, 156, and 188 are now all aligned and ln Çluid communication with each other and form a fluidtight passage Erom the drill pipe 60 to the annulus "A" around the casing "C".
It is important to note at this time that the dusl stage shifting tool 150 has the very desirable feature that it is Eully actuated (stab-in and opened~ by simple drill pipe movement, as is the stage collar 10. A
positively sealed passage is also provided between the drill pipe and casing annulus.
The hole is now conditioned as described herein-above and the second stage cement is pumped and displaced by a wiper plug 144. The drill pipe 60 is then pulled up 30,000 to 40,000 pounds over pipe weight to close the stage collar 10, as described hereinbeEore (refer to FIG.
2C and the discussion related thereto for details). The ports 14 and 20 are now misaligned and the stage collar 10 is locked closed by the latch ring 28. This is the stage collar position shown in FIG. 7F.
Wllen a two-staee cementing operation is being performed in the hole, the dual stage slliEting tool 150, shiEt sleeve 26, and stab-in tool 168 can tllen be easily removed and the stage collar 10 is leEt with a substan-tially smoo~h and uniEorm bore and is locked closed (see FIG. 2C). The dual stage shifting tool 150 and stage collar ]0 thus permit a true drill pipe-actuated, InultL-stage cernenting sys~em with all the advantageous features described hereinbeEore without the need Eor hydr~ulic actuation or drill-out. It should also be noted that the dual stage tool 150 obviates Any need for slip ~oints or length compensation in the drill plpe between the stage collar 10 and the shoe 50. The drill pipe is simply lowered down snd stung into the shoe 50 to perEorm the Eirst stage cementing after the tool 150 has been made up into the stage collar 10.
The dual stage shiEting tool 150 and stage col-lar 10 can also be used to perEorm a tllree-stage cement-ing operation (FIG. 7F). In such a case, there will be an upper stage collar (not illustrated~ and a lower stage collar. The collars can be oE a construction similar to that oE the stage collar 10 described herein, althoueh the upyer staee collar will have a larger inner diameter with respect to the lower stage collar. At the comple-tion oE the second stage, however, the lower stage collar shift sleeve 26 will have to remain in the lower stage collar in order to permit the shiEting tool 150 to be retrieved up througll the upper stage collar. To accom--plish tllis, all that is required is that after the lower stage collar 10 is closed in the described manner, the drill pipe 60 is lowered so as to push tlle shiEt sleeve 26 back down to tag the anti-rotation lugs 36 (reEer back to FIG. 1). This downward movement cannot reopen the stage collac 10 because the latch ring 28 has locked the stage collar closed and the ring 28 is completely disen-gaged Erom the shiEt sleeve 26. Once the lugs 36 are tagged, the shiEting tool 150 can be clockwise-rotated back out oE the sleeve 26 and raised out oE the stage collar 10. This is the position shown in Fl~. 7F. The por~s 156 can be reopened by pressurizing the drill pipe to push down tlle dar~ 144. The open ports 156 permit lZ~3~12 reverse circulation iE necessary. It will be noted that the shift sleeve 26 remains in the lower stage collar 10 but is made oE a drillable material, Eor example, alumi-num. The shiEting tool 150 can then be pulled out oE the hole through the upper stage collar. The third stage cementing is then performed using the upper stage collar and another shiEting tool such as the tool 100 described hereinsbove. The upper stage collar, oE course, will be leEt with a smooth and generally uniEorm bore without drilling-out as described hereinbefore. The upper sta~e collar requires a slightly larger minimum inner diameter than the lower stage collar minimum inner diameter to permit retrieval oE the dual stage shiEting tool 150.
ReEerring once again to FIGs. 2A-2C, it will be recalled that the stab-in stage collar 10 is both opened and locked closed by an upward pull on the shiEt sleeve 26 via the drill pipe 60 and the shiEting tool 100 or dual stage shiEting tool 150. In certain situations, such as in oEEshore drilling operations, it is desirable that a downward movement oE the sleeve 26 be used to open the stage collar 10. The design oE the stage collar easily accommodates this usage with simple modificatiorls.
In such a case as illustrated in FIGS. 8A-8C
(corresponding elements with FIGS. 2A-2C are given the same numeral Eollowed by a prime ( )), the collet Eirlgers 3'~ still initially engage the collet groove 37 . Note that the collet groove 37 is now positioned in the lower connector 12b nearer the anti-rotation lugs 36 . The s11iEt sleeve 26 , thereEore, is initially positLoned higher in the stage collar 10 so that the shiEt sleeve ports 30 are initially positioned out oE alignment Witl and above the ports 14 ,20 as illustrated. The recess 38 and latch ring 28 are likewise initially positione~

lZ~4342 above the recess 44 so that downward movement oE the sleeve 26 pushes the collet Eingers 34 down and out oE
the groove 37 and also pushes the latch ring 28 down.
The ring 28 is then captured in the recess 44 as beEore by expanding slightly outwardly and the ports 30 are aligned with the ports 14 ,20 and the stage collar lO
is thus opened. This is the cementing position shown in FIG. 8B. Closlng of the stage collar 10 is perEormed as beEore by an upward pull suEEicient to shear the screws 42 (not shown in FIGS. 8A-8C) to permit the closing sleeve 18 to move up to the locked closed position as illustrated in FIG. 8C. It will be noted in FIGS. 8A-8C
that an inner portion 18d oE the closing sleeve 18 extends radially inwardly and provides a shoulder 18a against which the latch ring 28 pushes in order to close the stage collar 10 (compare FIGS. 8B and 8C). Also note that FIG. ~C illustrates the stage collar 10 just at the time when the latch ring 18 is about to snap into the gap 48 Eormed when the closing sleeve 18 moYed upwards to its closed position.
ReEerring now to FIGS 9A, 9B, and 9C, another embodiment is shown wherein the shiEting tool seal collar 102 can be mated to the shiEt sleeve 26 without the need to use cooperating threads, thereby permitting a simple non-rotational stab-in as distinguished Erom a screw-type stab-in shown hereinbeEore. It should be noted that this alternative design can also be incorporated in the dual stage shiEting tool 150. For clarity, FIGS. 9A-9C only show the coupled portion oE the slliEting tool 100 and shift sleeve 26. Again, elements which correspond witl-, like elements in FIGS. 3 and 4 are given the same numeral rollowed with a prime ( ).

lZ44342 In this embodiment, the seal collar 102 is a two-piece assembly wllich includes a latch housing 70 threadedly attached to the seal collar body 72. The housing 70 retains an annular, expandable, ratchetlike latch member 74 wllicl1 has inner and outer latching perimeters 76,78 as illustrated. The inner perimeter 76 has a plurality oE pro~ections or teeth 80 which engage corresponding teeth 82 on the housing 70. The latch mem--ber 74 can be in the nature oE a split ring and is held in the housing 70 by upper and lower Elanges 84a,84b, respectively, which are caged by extensions 85 and 87, respectively, on the seal collar body 72 and housing 70.
These extensions 85,87 deEine a slot 89 which receives the latch member 74 as illustrated. A retaining bolt 86 is transversely threaded into the housing 70 and the bol~
head 86a extends radially into an oversized bore 88 in the latch member 74.
During running in, the seal collar 102 and latch member 74 are run in the hole with the sllifting tool lO0 via the drill pipe until the outer teeth 90 on tlle perimeter 78 tag a corresponding plurality oE teeth 92 on the sllift sleeve 26 . This is the position ShOWIl in FIG. 9A. The latch member outer teeth 90 cammingly engage the teeth 92 and permit the member 74 to be pushed down and slip over the shiEt sleeve teeth 92, aEter which the latcll member 74 lockingly snaps into place to connect the slliEtirlg tool lO0 to the slliEt sleeve 26 as illus-trated in FIG. 9B. The packing and seal elements 114 maintain a Eluidtight seal between the collar ports llO
and the shiEt sleeve ports 30 as described hereinbeEore (see FIGS. 3 and 4). The latch member teeth 90 l1ave somewhat radially extending surEaces 9l which engage corresuonding surEaces 93 on tlle shiEt sleeve teeth 92 in 1~24~342 the latched position (FIG. 8B) to prevent separation oE
the latch member 74 Erom the shiEt sleeve ~6 by An upward pull. This is important to prevent the shifting tool 100 and shiEt sleeve 26 from disengaging when the stage collar 10 is opened and closed AS described herein-before.
Removal oE the tool 100 and shiEt sleeve 26 is accomplished by an upward pull to disengage the latch ring 28 and close the closing sleeve 18 as described and shown hereinabove. As illustrated in FIG. 9C, the bolt head 86a engages the upper perimeter oE the bore 88 to prevent the latch member teetll 80 from disengaging from the housing teetll 82 when the tool 100 is pulled up for removal. Such disengagement would otherwise occur because, as best shown in FIG. 9B, the housing teeth 82 and latch member inner teeth 80 have corresporlding cam surEaces 97 and 98, respectively, wllich permit the la~ch member 74 to be compressed radially inwardly when assembled into the slot 89 by slipping down over the housing teeth 82, as for example when the housing 70 is made uu with the collar body 72. It should also be noted that the tool 100 can also be unscrewed Erom the sl-liEt sleeve 26 because tlle teeth 90 and 92 provide a threaded engagement when the latch member 74 is snapped into posi-tion. An upward pull on the member 74 via the drlll pipe, tool 100 and housing 70 engages tlle teeth 90,92 as in FIG. 8C and permits the tool 100 to be unscrewed Erom tlle sleeve 26 . This would be used, Eor example, during a three-stage cementing operation wherein the shiEt sleeve 26 must remain in the lower stage collar as liscussed llereinabove (see FIG. 7F).

lZ~3'~2 While the invention has been shown and described with respect to particular embodiments tllereof, this is for the purpose oE illustration rather than limitation, and other variations and modifications of the speciEic embodiments herein shown and described will be apparent to those skllled in the art all within the intended spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the patent is not to be limited in scope and effect to the specific embodiments herein shown and described nor in any other way that is inconsistent witll the extent to which the progress in the art has been advanced by the invention.

Claims (51)

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A drill pipe actuable stage collar for cementing a well casing in a bore hole comprising a stage collar case adapted to be placed in the well casing at a predeterminable location, said stage collar case includ-ing a plurality of ports communicating with an annulus around the well casing, closing sleeve means for closing said stage collar ports, said closing sleeve means being adapted to slidably move from an open position to a closed position with respect to said stage collar ports, means for shifting said closing sleeve means from said open position to said closed position, said shifting means being operable by drill pipe movement, and means operably associated with said shifting means and closing sleeve means for locking said closing sleeve means in said closed position, said closing sleeve means, stage collar case and locking means providing a substantially uniform inner diameter bore of the stage collar which does not have to be drilled out after the stage collar is closed.
2. A stage collar according to claim 1, wherein said shifting means includes shift sleeve means connect-able to the drill pipe for axial movement therewith, said locking means releasably engageable with said shift sleeve means and said closing sleeve means such that axial movement of said shift sleeve means causes said closing sleeve means to move to said closed position, said locking means disengaging from said shift sleeve means and locking said closing sleeve means when said closed position is reached.
3. A stage collar according to claim 2, wherein said locking means is a latch ring adapted to expand from a first diameter to a second diameter, said latch ring being axially slidable with said shift sleeve means and engageable with said closing sleeve means to move the same.
4. A stage collar according to claim 3, wherein said latch ring expands into and is captured in a gap formed between said closing sleeve means and the stage collar case when said closing sleeve means moves to said closed position, said latch ring being axially trapped between said closing sleeve means and a shoulder on the stage collar case thereby preventing said closing sleeve means from moving back to said open position and forming a smooth and relatively uniform diameter inner bore of the stage collar without drilling out.
5. A stage collar according to claim 4, wherein said latch ring is initially retained in a recess in said shift sleeve means when compressed to said first diame-ter, said latch ring expanding away from and out of engagement with said shift sleeve means when said latch ring fills said gap.
6. A stage collar according to claim 5, wherein after said latch ring snaps into said gap said shift sleeve means is easily removable from the stage collar by picking up the drill pipe.
7. A stage collar according to claim 2, wherein said closing sleeve means includes a plurality of ports alignable with said stage collar case ports, said closing sleeve means ports and stage collar ports being aligned when said closing sleeve means is in said open position and being out of alignment and fluidtightly sealed from each other when said closing sleeve means is in said closed position.
8. A stage collar according to claim 7, wherein said shift sleeve means includes a plurality of ports alignable with said closing sleeve means ports, said shift sleeve means being adapted to slidably move from a first position in which said shift sleeve means sealingly blocks said closing sleeve means ports to a second posi-tion in which said shift sleeve means ports are in fluid communication with said closing sleeve means ports so that said shift sleeve means releasably maintains the stage collar closed during running in and prior to open-ing the stage collar for a cementing operation.
9. A stage collar according to claim 8, wherein when said shift sleeve means is in said first position said locking means is out of engagement with said closing sleeve means and when said shift sleeve means is in said second position said locking means engages said closing sleeve means by expanding to an intermediate diameter between said first and second diameters so that movement of said shift sleeve means from said first position to said second position opens the stage collar and does not cause movement of said closing sleeve means.
10. A stage collar according to claim 8, where-in said shift sleeve means second position is below said first position.
11. A stage collar according to claim 8, where-in said shift sleeve means first position is below said second position.
12. A stage collar according to claim 8, where-in said shifting means further includes a shifting tool adapted to be connected to the drill pipe and said shift sleeve means, said shift sleeve means being moved from said first position to said second position by drill pipe movement coupled thereto by the shifting tool.
13. A stage collar according to claim 12, wherein said closing sleeve means includes shear screw means for releasably maintaining said closing sleeve means in said open position and wherein said shift sleeve means includes slotted collet fingers which releasably engage a groove in said stage collar case when said shift sleeve means is in said first position, there being a first predeterminable drill pipe force to move said shift sleeve means to said second position and a second prede-terminable and relatively greater drill pipe pull force to break said shear screw means thereby permitting said closing sleeve means to move to said closed position via corresponding movement of said shift sleeve means and locking means.
14. A stage collar according to claim 12, fur-ther comprising latching means for connecting the shift-ing tool to said shift sleeve means without a screw-in engagement.
15. A stage collar according to claim 14, wherein said latching means is actuated by axial movement of the drill pipe and is disengageable by rotational movement of the drill pipe.
16. A stage collar according to claim 15, wherein said latching means includes a toothed latch ring retained in a housing in the shifting tool, said toothed latch ring being adapted to snap into engagement with a corresponding toothed portion of said shift sleeve means.
17. A stage collar according to claim 16, wherein said toothed latch ring and shift sleeve means are coupled together after said toothed latch ring snaps into said engagement such that axial movements of the drill pipe do not disengage the shifting tool from said shift sleeve means.
18. A stage collar according to claim 12, wherein said shift sleeve means is adapted to threadedly mate with a threaded collar means on the shifting tool so that the shifting tool can be screwed into and out of the stage collar via said shift sleeve means.
19. A stage collar according to claim 18, wherein when said closing sleeve means is in said closed position said shift sleeve means is disengaged therefrom and said shift sleeve means and the shifting tool can be easily removed from the well hole by pickup of the drill pipe.
20. A stage collar according to claim 18, wherein the shifting tool includes a sub in fluid commu-nication with the drill pipe, said shifting tool threaded collar means having ports in fluid communication with said sub and alignable with said shift sleeve means ports when the shifting tool is made up into said shift sleeve means, there being seal means for forming a fluidtight stab-in seal between the shifting tool and said shift sleeve means.
21. A stage collar according to claim 20 fur-ther comprising seal means for forming a fluidtight alignment between said shift sleeve means ports and said closing sleeve means ports when said shift sleeve means is in said second position and said closing sleeve means is in said open position whereby a direct fluidtight passage is present from the drill pipe to the annulus around the casing and fluid can pass therethrough without entering the casing interior.
22. A stage collar according to claim 1, where-in said shifting means and closing sleeve means cooperate to form a fluidtight passage from the drill pipe to the annulus when the stage collar is opened for a cementing operation.
23. A stage collar according to claim 1, where-in said shifting means permits a drill pipe-operated two-stage cementing operation to be performed with only one run down the well hole, the first cementing stage being performed below and up to the stage collar and the second cementing stage being performed through and above the stage collar.
24. In combination, a pipe-actuated stab-in stage collar and a shifting tool adapted to be connected to the pipe for cementing a well casing in a bore hole at a predeterminble location, the stage collar comprising a ported case in fluid communication with an annulus around the well casing, slidable means for opening and closing said stage collar ports by axial movement of the pipe with respect to said stage collar case, said slidable means including locking means for locking said stage collar ports closed after a cementing operation, the shifting tool being connectable to said slidable means and cooperating therewith to form a positively sealed fluidtight passage from the pipe to the annulus without communicating with the well casing interior when said stage collar ports are open.
25. The combination as set forth in claim 24, wherein after a cementing operation the shifting tool and part of said slidable means are retrievable from the well hole, said stage collar case, locking means, and remain-ing part of said slidable means forming a relatively smooth and uniform inner stage collar bore without requiring drill-out.
26. The combination as set forth in claim 25, wherein said slidable means maintains said stage collar ports closed during running in, there being a first pre-determinable force applied via the pipe and shifting tool to said slidable means to open fluid communication between the pipe and the annulus and there being a second predeterminable and greater force applied via the pipe to said slidable means to both lockingly close said stage collar ports and disengage said shifting tool and retrievable slidable means part.
27. The combination as set forth in claim 24, wherein said shifting tool permits a two-stage cementing operation to be performed with a single run down the well hole, the shifting tool being fluidtightly closed to the stage collar during the first stage cementing and being opened to the stage collar by axial pipe movement for the second stage cementing.
28. A drill pipe actuated dual stage shifting tool for use in combination with a stage collar for stage cementing a well casing in a bore hole with a single run down the hole comprising sub means connectable at one end to the drill pipe and at an opposite end to means for first stage cementing below the stage collar, shifting tool collar means connectable to the stage collar, said sub means being slidably received within said collar means and being positionable with respect to said collar means in a closed position, a telescopically extended first stage cementing position and a retracted second stage cementing open position by drill pipe movement, means for permitting fluid communication between the drill pipe and stage collar only when said sub means is in said open position, and coupling means for releasably maintaining said sub means in said closed position during running in the hole and making up the shifting tool with the stage collar, said fluid communication means and coupling means being actuable by drill pipe movement.
29. A dual stage shifting tool according to claim 28, wherein said fluid communication means provides a direct fluidtight passage from the drill pipe to an annulus around the well casing when said sub means is in said open position without entering the casing interior.
30. A dual stage shifting tool according to claim 28, wherein said fluid communication means includes a plurality of ports associated with said collar means in fluid communication with the stage collar when the shift-ing tool is made up in the stage collar, and a plurality of ports associated with said sub means and in fluid com-munication with said collar ports only when said sub means is in said open position.
31. A dual stage shifting tool according to claim 30, wherein said fluid communication means further includes releasable port closure means for maintaining said sub means ports sealingly closed when said sub means is in said closed and extended positions prior to and during the first stage cementing operation.
32. A dual stage shifting tool according to claim 31, wherein said port closure means is releasable by drill pipe movement.
33. A dual stage shifting tool according to claim 32, wherein said port closure means comprises a slidable sleeve fluidtightly sealed around ported areas of said sub means and attached thereto by shear screw means so that said slidable closure sleeve maintains said sub ports closed when said sub means is extended for the first stage cementing operation.
34. A dual stage shifting tool according to claim 33, wherein said slidable closure sleeve engages a shoulder on said collar means as said sub means is retracted upwardly to said open position, said shoulder preventing said closure sleeve from further upward travel thereby breaking said shear screw means when a predeter-minable pickup force is applied to said sub means via the drill pipe.
35. A dual stage shifting tool according to claim 28. wherein said sub means includes detent means for capturing a collapsible snap ring when said sub means moves to said open position, said detent means and snap ring preventing said sub means from being extendable.
36. A dual stage shifting tool according to claim 35, wherein said snap ring is T-shaped in section and retained in a recess in said collar means, said ring being expandable from a first diameter to a second diameter and being captured by said detent means at said first diameter, said detent means and snap ring providing a drill pipe pickup force indication at the surface that said sub means is in said open position.
37. A dual stage shifting tool according to claim 28, wherein said coupling means is disengaged by slight axial rotation of said sub means via the connect able drill pipe.
38. A dual stage shifting tool according to claim 37, wherein said coupling means is a J-slot and J-collar mechanism.
39. A dual stage shifting tool according to claim 37, wherein said collar means is adapted to be screwed into the stage collar.
40. A dual stage shifting tool according to claim 37, further comprising latching means for connecting said shifting tool collar means to the stage collar without a screw-in engagement.
41. A dual stage shifting tool according to claim 40, wherein said latching means is actuated by axial movement of the drill pipe and is disengageable by rotational movement of the drill pipe.
42. A dual stage shifting tool according to claim 41, wherein said latching means includes a toothed latch ring retained in said shifting tool collar means, said toothed latch ring being adapted to snap into engagement with a corresponding toothed portion of the stage collar.
43. A dual stage shifting tool according to claim 42, wherein said toothed latch ring and stage collar are coupled together after said toothed latch ring snaps into said engagement such that axial movements of the drill pipe do not disengage the shifting tool from the stage collar until a predeterminable force is applied to the drill pipe.
44. A dual stage shifting tool according to claim 37, wherein the stage collar comprises a ported stage collar case adapted to be placed in the well casing at a predeterminable location, said stage collar ports being in fluid communication with the annulus around the well casing, closing sleeve means for closing said stage collar ports after the second stage cementing operation, said closing sleeve means being slidably received in said stage collar case and being movable from an open position to a closed position by axial drill pipe movement, and shifting means for operably and releasably connecting the shifting tool to said closing sleeve means whereby said closing sleeve means is moved to said closed position by axial movement of the drill pipe after the second stage cementing is completed.
45. A dual stage shifting tool according to claim 44, wherein said shifting means comprises a slid-able shift sleeve and a latch ring, said slidable shift sleeve having a threaded inner bore mateable with a threaded portion of said shifting tool collar means, said latch ring releasably coupling said shift sleeve and closing sleeve means.
46. A dual stage shifting tool according to claim 45, wherein said shift sleeve and closing sleeve means each have a plurality of ports alignable with said stage collar case ports and said shifting tool collar includes a plurality of ports in fluid communication with the drill pipe when said sub means is in said open posi-tion, said shifting tool collar ports being aligned with said shift sleeve ports when the shifting tool is made up into the stage collar, and sealing means are provided around each adjacent pair of aligned ports so that a fluidtight passage is formed from the drill pipe to the annulus around the casing without entering the casing interior for performing the second stage cementing opera-tion, said fluidtight passage being defined by said shifting tool collar ports, shift sleeve ports, closing sleeve ports, and stage collar case ports and being in fluid communication with the drill pipe through ports in said sub means only when said sub means is in said open position.
47. In combination, a drill pipe-actuated stab-in stage collar and a dual stage shifting tool for stage cementing a well casing in a bore hole at a prede-terminable location, the stage collar comprising a ported case in fluid communication with the annulus around the well casing, slidable means for opening and closing said stage collar ports by axial movement of the pipe with respect to the stage collar case, said slidable means including locking means for locking said stage collar ports closed after the second stage cementing operation, the shifting tool having an open and a closed position and being connectable to said slidable means and (claim 47 continued) cooperating therewith to form a fluidtight passage from the drill pipe to the annulus without communicating with the well casing interior when said stage collar ports and shifting tool are open, the shifting tool comprising means for performing the first stage cementing operation with a cementing shoe means below the stage collar, said first stage cementing means being actuable by rotational and axial drill pipe movement independently of said stage collar slidable means such that a two-stage cementing operation can be performed with a single run down the hole.
48. The combination as set forth in claim 47, wherein said first stage cementing means prevents fluid communication between the drill pipe and the stage collar during the first stage cementing operation and permits fluid communication between the drill pipe and annulus when the shifting tool and stage collar are open.
49. The combination as set forth in claim 48, wherein the shifting tool includes a ported mandrel slid-ably received within a collar, said collar being connect-able to said slidable means, said ported mandrel being telescopically extendable with the drill pipe down from the stage collar to permit the first stage cementing operation to be performed without bumper subs or slip joints located below the stage collar and being retract-able back into the stage collar to permit the second stage cementing operation, said ported mandrel being retractable to an open position which establishes fluid communication between the drill pipe and the stage collar.
50. The combination as set forth in claim 49, wherein after the second stage cementing operation the shifting tool and part of said slidable means are retrievable from the well hole, said stage collar case, locking means and remaining part of said slidable means forming a relatively smooth and uniform inner stage col-lar bore without requiring drill-out.
51. The combination as set forth in claim 50, wherein said slidable means maintains said stage collar ports closed during running in and during the first stage cementing operation, there being a first predeterminable force applied via the drill pipe to open the shifting tool for fluid communication with the stage collar, a second predeterminable and relatively greater force applied via the drill pipe and shifting tool to open said stage collar ports to permit the second stage cementing operation to be performed, and a third predeterminable and greater force relative to said second force applied via the drill pipe and shifting tool to lockingly close said stage collar ports and disengage the shifting tool and retrievable slidable means part.
CA000499219A 1985-10-04 1986-01-08 Stage cementing apparatus Expired CA1244342A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US784,401 1985-10-04
US06/784,401 US4669541A (en) 1985-10-04 1985-10-04 Stage cementing apparatus

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CA1244342A true CA1244342A (en) 1988-11-08

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US (1) US4669541A (en)
EP (1) EP0224942B1 (en)
BR (1) BR8604834A (en)
CA (1) CA1244342A (en)
DE (1) DE3688179T2 (en)
NO (1) NO178410C (en)
SU (1) SU1609460A3 (en)

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Also Published As

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US4669541A (en) 1987-06-02
DE3688179D1 (en) 1993-05-06
NO863958L (en) 1987-04-06
NO863958D0 (en) 1986-10-03
BR8604834A (en) 1987-07-07
NO178410C (en) 1996-03-20
EP0224942A1 (en) 1987-06-10
DE3688179T2 (en) 1993-07-08
SU1609460A3 (en) 1990-11-23
NO178410B (en) 1995-12-11
EP0224942B1 (en) 1993-03-31

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