CA1281956C - Injection devices - Google Patents
Injection devicesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1281956C CA1281956C CA000522396A CA522396A CA1281956C CA 1281956 C CA1281956 C CA 1281956C CA 000522396 A CA000522396 A CA 000522396A CA 522396 A CA522396 A CA 522396A CA 1281956 C CA1281956 C CA 1281956C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- carrier element
- container
- spring
- plunger
- drive sleeve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/178—Syringes
- A61M5/31—Details
- A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
- A61M5/31565—Administration mechanisms, i.e. constructional features, modes of administering a dose
- A61M5/3159—Dose expelling manners
- A61M5/31593—Multi-dose, i.e. individually set dose repeatedly administered from the same medicament reservoir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/178—Syringes
- A61M5/24—Ampoule syringes, i.e. syringes with needle for use in combination with replaceable ampoules or carpules, e.g. automatic
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/178—Syringes
- A61M5/31—Details
- A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
- A61M5/31533—Dosing mechanisms, i.e. setting a dose
- A61M5/31545—Setting modes for dosing
- A61M5/31548—Mechanically operated dose setting member
- A61M5/3155—Mechanically operated dose setting member by rotational movement of dose setting member, e.g. during setting or filling of a syringe
- A61M5/31553—Mechanically operated dose setting member by rotational movement of dose setting member, e.g. during setting or filling of a syringe without axial movement of dose setting member
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/178—Syringes
- A61M5/31—Details
- A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
- A61M5/31565—Administration mechanisms, i.e. constructional features, modes of administering a dose
- A61M5/31576—Constructional features or modes of drive mechanisms for piston rods
- A61M5/31578—Constructional features or modes of drive mechanisms for piston rods based on axial translation, i.e. components directly operatively associated and axially moved with plunger rod
- A61M5/3158—Constructional features or modes of drive mechanisms for piston rods based on axial translation, i.e. components directly operatively associated and axially moved with plunger rod performed by axially moving actuator operated by user, e.g. an injection button
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/178—Syringes
- A61M5/24—Ampoule syringes, i.e. syringes with needle for use in combination with replaceable ampoules or carpules, e.g. automatic
- A61M2005/2403—Ampoule inserted into the ampoule holder
- A61M2005/2407—Ampoule inserted into the ampoule holder from the rear
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/178—Syringes
- A61M5/24—Ampoule syringes, i.e. syringes with needle for use in combination with replaceable ampoules or carpules, e.g. automatic
- A61M2005/2485—Ampoule holder connected to rest of syringe
- A61M2005/2488—Ampoule holder connected to rest of syringe via rotation, e.g. threads or bayonet
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/178—Syringes
- A61M5/31—Details
- A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
- A61M5/31533—Dosing mechanisms, i.e. setting a dose
- A61M5/31535—Means improving security or handling thereof, e.g. blocking means, means preventing insufficient dosing, means allowing correction of overset dose
- A61M5/31541—Means preventing setting of a dose beyond the amount remaining in the cartridge
Abstract
ABSTRACT
An exchangeable prefilled syringe is arranged in the front part of the device. In the rear part, a gear mechanism is arranged, the drive member of which is a driving sleeve provided with a manipulating head, and the driven member of which is a threaded rod mounted non-rotationally but longitudinally displaceably in the driving sleeve. The threaded rod is seated in the female thread of a gear element which can be advanced, by exerting pressure on the manipulating head in the axial longitudinal direction from a rest position into an end position against the force of a spring. In the rest position of the gear element, the threaded rod, located at a distance from the plunger of the prefilled syringe, is threaded, by rotating the manipulating head, through the female thread of the gear element in correspondence with a plunger path required for the amount of liquid to be respectively injected, without the threaded rod abutting against the plunger during this step. Thereafter, the needle is inserted, and the gear element is advanced, by exerting pressure on the manipulating head, from the rest position into the end position. During the advancing stroke, the threaded rod abuts against the plunger and advances the latter in correspondence with the preselected plunger path. The device makes it possible to preselect an arbitrary amount of liquid by a corresponding rotation of the manipulting head and to inject this amount of liquid, after insertion of the needle, by means of a single pressure exertion on the head.
An exchangeable prefilled syringe is arranged in the front part of the device. In the rear part, a gear mechanism is arranged, the drive member of which is a driving sleeve provided with a manipulating head, and the driven member of which is a threaded rod mounted non-rotationally but longitudinally displaceably in the driving sleeve. The threaded rod is seated in the female thread of a gear element which can be advanced, by exerting pressure on the manipulating head in the axial longitudinal direction from a rest position into an end position against the force of a spring. In the rest position of the gear element, the threaded rod, located at a distance from the plunger of the prefilled syringe, is threaded, by rotating the manipulating head, through the female thread of the gear element in correspondence with a plunger path required for the amount of liquid to be respectively injected, without the threaded rod abutting against the plunger during this step. Thereafter, the needle is inserted, and the gear element is advanced, by exerting pressure on the manipulating head, from the rest position into the end position. During the advancing stroke, the threaded rod abuts against the plunger and advances the latter in correspondence with the preselected plunger path. The device makes it possible to preselect an arbitrary amount of liquid by a corresponding rotation of the manipulting head and to inject this amount of liquid, after insertion of the needle, by means of a single pressure exertion on the head.
Description
DSll-4990 lA
This invention relates to an injection device according to an injection device or a dispenser device for dispensing selectable amounts of liquid from a preEilled liquid container that is equipped with a plunger, by advancing the plunger to dispense the liquid.
A device of this kind is known from EP-A 0 058 536in which the piston of the injection capsule is advanced by rotating the drive member of a mechanism, the driven member of which is a threaded sleeve bearing against the piston. The rotary motion of the drive member is limited by a stop, and a clutch ensures that the driv~ member can be turned back from -the stop without engaging the mechanism. Prior to each injection, the drive member is turned back through an angle corresponding to the desired amount of fluid;
during the injection, it is turned forward as far as the stop.
It is not possible to inject onesel~ in the arm with the known device because during injection, the device must be held with one hand while the other hand must rotate the drive member. With the rotation limited by the stop, there is also a danger of the device and therefore the needle also tilting. One particular disadvantage is that with one rotary motion, only a small amount of fluid can be injected. If a larger amount of fluid is to be injected, the drive member must be rotated back and forth several times with the needle piercing the skin.
It is the purpose of the invention to provide an injection device by means of which any desired amount of fluid to be injected can be accurately adjusted and preselected and can be injected with a single rotary motion in the longitudinal direction of the housing.
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a dispenser device for dispensing selectable amoun-ts oE
:, ~
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DS11-~990-lA
liquid from an elongated cylindrical container having a plunger slidable forward therein from one end thereof for forcing liquid out of the container through an outlet in the opposite end of the container, comprising a drive mechanism having an elongated rod member, and a carrier element, and displacing means, said carrier element being displaceable forth and back in the advancing direction oE tha plunger, said rod member connected to and carried by said carrier element in such a way that it can be axially advanced with respect to the carrier element in the advancing direction of the plunger and is positively carried by the carrier element in the forward as well as in the backward direction, said displacing means `~
being connected on the one hand to advance the rod member with respect to the carrier element and on the other hand to advance and retract the carrier element together with the rod member carried thereby with respect to the container, the rod member being adapted to abut and force the plunger forward during activation of said displacing means for advancing the carrier element together with the rod member with respect to the container, housing means, said cylindrical container and said drive mechanism connected in said housing means axially to each other, said displacing means including a manually engageable element extending from said housing means, said rod member positioned to push the plunger of the cylindrical container forward and to move away from said plunger leaving the latter in the forward pushed position, said displacing means connected for axially displacing said carrier element by a constant stroke forth and back in the advancing direction of the plunger from a rearward rest position in said housing means to a forward position axially toward the plunger and back again into the rest position, ~L2~
DS11-4990-lA
said rod member on the one hand being axially advanceable by means of said displacing means with respect to said carrier element in the advancing direction of the plunger by any selected distance in correspondence with the plunger path, required for the desired quantity of liquid to be dispensed from said cylindrical container, and on the other hand said rod member being displaceable forth and back together with said carrier element by said constant stroke by said displacing means, whereby said rod member located at a distance from the plunger in the rest position of the carrier element can be axially moved, by means of said displacing means, relative to the carrier element remaining in the rest position, in the advancing direction by the selected axial distance without abutting against the plunger, and abuts during actuation and displacement of the carrier element from the rest position into the forward position against the plunger at the moment, when the carrier element has been axially displaced by the difEerence between the constant stroke and the selected distance, when the displacement of the carrier element is continued up to the forward position, and means connected to move said carrier element and rod member away from the plunger by the constant stroke leaving the plunger in the forward pushed position, while displacing the carrier element back ~rom the forward position into the rest position.
The invention is explained hereinafter in greater detail, in conjunction with the examples of embodiment illustrated in the drawing attached hereto, wherein:
Figure 1 is an axial longitudinal section through an injection device with the drive element in the position of rest;
~2~
DSll-~990-lA
Figure 2 is an axia:l longitudinal section to an enlarged scale through the rear part of the device in Figure l;
Figure 3 is an axial longitudinal section, corresponding to Figure 2, through the rear part of the device, with the drive element in the terminal position;
Figure 4 is a cross-section along the line IV-IV in Figure 3;
Figure 5 is a cross-section along the line V-V in Figure 3;
Figure 6 is a cross-section along the line VI-VI in Figure 3;
Figure 7 is a cross-section along the line VII-VII in Figure 3;
Figure 8 is an axial longitudinal section through a preferred variant of the injection device, with the drive element in the position of rest;
Figure 9 is an axial longitudinal section through the rear part of the device (without the housing) according to Figure 8, to an enlarged scale;
Figure 10 is a cross-section, to an enlarged scale, along the line X-X in Figure 9;
Figure 11 is a side elevation, to an enlarged scale of a part of the device as seen from arrow 11 in Figure 9; and Figure 12 is a cross-section, to an enlarged scale, along the line XII-XII in Figure 9.
The injection device ilLustrated in Figures 1 to 7 has two sleeve-like housing parts 1, 2. Arranged in rear housing-part 1 (the upper part in the drawing) is a mechanism 3, while front housing-part 2 (the lower part in the drawing) contains an injection 9L2~
DS11-4990-lA
capsule 4. This is a conventional injection capsule (Karpulle) which has a piston 5 (without a piston rod) at one end and an outlet piece 6 at the other end, closed oEf by a diaphragm (not shown).
Housing part 2 carries, at its front end, a cap-part 8 which supports an outlet piece 6 and has a passage for needle 7.
Housing-parts 1 and 2 are joined together by a threaded sleeve 9, rear housing-part 1 being glued to the said threaded sleeve, while ~ront housing part 2 may be unscrewed there-from in order to replace injection-capsule 4.
The drive member of mechanism 3 consists of a sleeve 10 upon which is seated an actuating head 11 which is used to rotate the said sleeve and to advance it, i.e. -to press it downwardly. The driven member of mechanism 3 consists of a threaded rod 12 which is inserted into sleeve 10, is prevented from rotating, but is longitudinally displaceable therein. In order to prevent rotation, threaded rod 12 is flattened on opposite sides 13 and 14 and the threadless bore in the said sleeve is adapted accordingly.
This threaded rod 12 comprises two ~lat, parallel, smooth (threadless) longitudinal surfaces 13,14, by means of which it is carried along by the correspondingly flat inner wall surfaces of slaeve 10, and two threaded cylindrical segments 15,16 which are at a distance from the two smooth (threadless) cylindrical inner-wall surfaces of sleeve 10. Seated at the front end of threaded rod 12 is a disc 17 which serves to advance piston 5 as described hereinafter.
The drive elemènt, on which threaded rod 12 is mounted moveable, is marked 20. Front part 21 of the said element has a nut thread 22 through which threaded rod 12 is screwed. Rear part 22 of . ~
~L28~
D511-4990-lA
the said drive element has a threadless bore in which sleeve 10 is mounted rotatably. The said sleeve has a circular, flange shaped collar 25 which rests upon the rear end of part 23 of the drive element.
Applying pressure to head 11 of sleeve 10 causes drive element 20 to move, against the force of a compression~spring 26, out of the position of rest shown on Figures 1 and 2 into the terminal position shown in Figures 3 to 7. When head 11 is released, drive element 20 is returned to its position of rest by compression-spring 26~
Compression spring 26 is a helical spring surrounding the central part of drive element 200 It engages with a collar 27 formed on element 2~ and rests upon a sleeve-like supporting part 30 which forms a guide for the front part of drive element 20 and comprises a supporting ring 31 which projec-ts radially inwardly and rests upon the rear edge of capsule 4. The cylindrical casing of drive element 20, running forwardly from collar 27, is adapted, with play, to sleeve-like supporting part 30 and is narrowed down at the f~ont end for adaptation to supporting ring 31. The cylindrical casing of drive element 20, running rearwardly from collar 27 is adapted, with play, to guide 34 and comprises four longitudinal grooves 32 arranged equidistantly. Engaging in grooves 32 are four longtudinal ribs 33 formed on the front part of a guide 34 anchored firmly in housing part 1, so that drive-element 20 is secured against rotation, but is longitudinally displaceable on the front part of guide 34. The rear part of guide 34 has a bore adapted to circular collar 25 of sleeve 10, a guide-head 35 being seated on its rear end. The front part of guide-head 35 is adapted to sleeve 10, ~ j ~
DSl1-49~0-lA
and the rear part to actuating head ll. Annular shoulder or stepped surface 36 (Fig. 2) at the transition between sleeve 10 and the bore in ~uide-nead 35 adapted to head 11, forms a stop for actuating head ll. This stop 36 limi-ts the advance movement of actuating head ll and thus the displacement of drive element 20. The terminal position, illustrated in Figures 3 to 7, of the said drive element is also achieved when actuating head ll comes up against stop 36.
~The terminal position could obviously also be determined by collar 25 comin~ to a stop at the lower part of guide 34, or by drive element 20 coming to a stop at supporting ring 31).
In the position of rest, illustrated in Figures l and 2, of drive element 20, collar 25 of sleeve lO is pressed by drive element 20, acted upon by spring 26, against front end 37 (Fig. 3) of ~uide-head 35. In the position of rest, collar 27 of drive element 20 is at a slight distance from the front end of guide 34.
In order to be able to accurately preselect the amount of ~luid to be injected, a catch mechanism is provided which engages several times, in the present example of embodiment four times, in each complete revolution of actuating head ll. Thus, after each revolution through 90, a perceptible catch-resistance must be overcome. The catch mechanism consists of four cams 38 running diametrically, spaced angularly at 90, and formed on the rear annular end-surface, facing drive-element 20, of collar 25 of sleeve lO. Cams 38, and the depressions, are of circular cross-section, so that the catch locations can easily be overcome, even though the catch-resistance is perceptible. Spring 26, which presses the end surface, provided with cams 38, of drive element 30 against the DSll-4990--lA
surface, carrying the depressions, of collar 25, constitutes the spring of the catch mechanism.
The method of operation of the injection device described will now be explained, starting from the following initial position: mechanlsm 3 is in the position shown in Figures 1 and 2.
Sleeve 10 and drive element 20 are held by spring 26 in the position of rest in which collar 25 bears against stop 37. Threaded rod 12 is screwed completely back, so that disc 17 bears against the front end of drive element 20. A full injection capsule 4 is inserted into the device. Piston 5 is seated at the rear end of the said capsule, actually somewhat farther back than is shown in Figures 1 and 2.
In the first place, care should be taken to ensure that needle 7 is filled with fluid. To this end, head 11 is pressed forward (downwardly) until it comes up against stop 36. This advance movement h causes collar 25 to press drive element 20, wi-th threaded rod 12 seated in nut thread 22, forwardly against the force of spring 26. This causes disc 17 to come up against piston 5 and to push it forwardly, allowing a small amount of fluid to emerge from needle 7. At the end of stroke h, all parts are in the positions shown in Figures 3 - 7; sleeve 10 and drive element 20 are in the terminal position defined by head 11 coming up against stop 36; disc 17 bears against piston 5.
If head 11 is now released, spring 26 pushes drive element 20, and also threaded rod 12 seated in its thread 22, with disc 17 and sleeve 20, backwards until collar 25 comes up against stop 37.
All parts are now in the positions shown in Figures 1 and 2; drive element 20 and sleeve 10 are in their positions o~ rest supported by .
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spring 26, while disc 17 is at a distance h from piston 5 which corresponds exactly to movement h oE drlve element 20 between the position of rest and the terminal position. The device ls now ready for use.
In order to inject a specific amount of fluid, head 11 is first rotated (before the needle pierces the skin) with the drive element in the position of rest accordlng to Figures 1 and 2. After each revolution through 90, the resistance of catch mechanism 3~
must be overcome. Each revolution through 90 corresponds to one unit of fluid, and the amount of fluid to be injected may therefore be measured by the number of catch positions to be overcome. As sleeve 10 is rotated, threaded rod 12, which is carried along by the sleeves, is screwed through nut-thread 22 of drive element 20 in the forward direction, thus reducing the distance between disc 17 and piston 5, although the said disc does not come into contact therewith. (Stroke _ of drive element 20 is greater than the piston travel required for injecting a maximal permissable amount of fluid). After head 11 has been rotated according to the deslred amount of fluid, the needle is caused to pierce the skin and head 11 is pressed to stop 36, thus advancing drive element 20 from the position of rest shown in Figures 1 and 2 into the terminal position shown in Figures 3 to 7. During this advance movement h, disc 17 strikes piston 5 and pushes it forward by exactly the same distance that threaded rod 12 was rotated forwardly, in relation to drive element 20, by the prior rotation of head 11. After head 11 is released, spring 26 returns drive element 20 to its position of rest and disc 17 moves away from piston 5 by an amount equal to stroke h. For the next injection, head 11 is again rotated, as described ~ 9 ', '.'~
. ,: ' , ~' , DSll--4990-lA
hereinbefore, in accordance with the amount of fluid desired, and is then pressed downwardly. In order to inject precisely the amount of fluid selected, the advance movement must be carried out either with the catch mechanism always engaged or always disengaged. In the connection, the height of cams 38 of the catch mechanism is, however, so slight (e.g. only two tenths of a millimetre in height) that the difEerance between the forward movement in the engaged or disengaged position has little effect upon the amount of Eluid injected, i.e. it is less than the travel of the threaded rod during one revolution through 90.
When the capsule is empty, housing part 2 is unscrewed from threaded sleeve 9 and the empty capsule is removed. As a result of this, supporting part 30, ring 11 of which is carried by the rear end of the said capsule, falls forwardly onto threaded sleeve 9, spring 26 is unloaded and drive element 20 no longer presses against collar 25. Head 11 may now be screwed back without overcoming the catch resistances. This is essential since, before a new capsule is inserted, threaded rod 12 must be screwed completely back through nut thread 22, which requires a very large number of turns. After the said threaded rod has been screwed back, housing part 2, containing a new full capsule 4, is screwed back to threaded sleeve 9, the said capsule pushing supporting part 30 back into the position shown in the drawing. This restores all parts to the starting position described hereinbefore.
For the purpose of protecting needle 7 and actuating head 11, caps (not shown) may be fitted to the ends of housing parts 1 and 2.
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DS11-4990-lA
In the case of the example o-E embodiment illustrated in the drawing, the front end of sleeve 10 is spaced from front part 21, comprising nut thread 22, of drive element 20. However, the said sleeve may also bear against front part 21, the catch mechanism being ~ormed by projections and depressions in these surfaces which bear a~ainst each other. In this case, collar 25 is at a distance ~rom the rear end of drive element 20. Moreover, the catch mechanism could also be Eormed by projections and depressions in the surfaces, pressed together by the force of spring 26, of collar 25 on sleeve 10 and of stop 37. Spring 26 could also be supported directly by the rear edge of capsule 4, instead of by supporting part 30.
Figures 8 to 12 illustrate a preferred variant of the injection device shown in Figures 1 to 7. Parts of the variant which correspond to the parts in Figures 1 to 7, bear the same reference numerals. The variant differs from the example shown in Figures 1 to 7 as follows:
Sleeve 10 constituting the drive member of mechanism 3, consists of two parts 10', 10" secured Eirmly to each other. The rear (upper) end of part 10" comprises a collar 25, projecting radially outwardly, in which the front (lower) end of part 10' is seated, while the front end has a radially inwardly projecting extension 10''' which encloses threaded rod 12. Actuating head 11, consisting of two parts 11', 11" is not securely seated upon sleeve part 10'; it is secured against rotation, but is longitudinally displaceable. To this end, the upper end of sleeve-part 10' comprises four guide-ribs 40 running in the longitudinal direction of the housing, the ~aid ribs engaging in corresponding grooves in . ~
' ~ .
.
DS11-4990-lA
the inner wall of head part 11", also runnlng in the longitudinal direction of the housing (Fig. 10). The front end of head part 11' comprises an annular extension 41 which projects inwardly and encloses sleeve part 10'. Clamped in the cavity in head 11, between the cover of head part 11' and the upper front edge of sleeve-part 10', is a compression-spring 43. In the position of rest shown in Figures 8 and 9, head 11 is held, by its extension 41, -to ribs 40 against the force of spring 43.
Threaded rod 12, constituting the driven member of mechanism 3, is flattened over its entire length on opposite sides 13,14; it is mounted rotatably but only in extension 10''' of sleeve 10. Thus only this extension 10''' has an inner wall adapted to threaded rod 12 with two flat and two cylindrical (smooth) inner-wall surfaces (as in Figs. 4 to 6). The remainder of sleeve 10 has a cylindrical bore, the diameter of which is greater by one tolerance than the diameter of a shoulder 45 formed at the upper end of threaded rod 12. When the said threaded rod is screwed through nut thread 22 in front part 21 of drive element 20, shoulder 45 runs forwardly (downwardly) through sleeve 10 until it comes up against e~tension 10 " ' of the said sleeve.
The front end of threaded rod 12 carries a pin 12' upon which is seated disc 17 which serves to advance piston 5.
Compression spring 26 engages with a collar 47 formed at the rear end of drive element part 23 and rests upon a supporting part 30' held stationary in housing 1,20 Spring 26 presses collar 47 against collar 25' formed on the sleeve; it also presses collar 25' against a shoulder 49 formed at the rear end of housing part 1 and enclosing sleeve part 10'. The surfaces of collars 47 and 25', s~
DS11-4990-lA
bearing one upon the other, each have four cams 38 running radially at angular distances oE 90 and channel-like depressions 50 adapted thereto and forming a catch mechanism under the action of spring 26. The catch mechanism, formed by cams 38 and depressions 50, corresponds to the one described in conjunction with Figures 1 to 7. The surfaces of collar 25' and shoulder 49, bearing one upon the other, each have saw-tooth profiles 51 which are adapted to each other and form a lock under the action of spring 26 ~Fig. 11).
Saw-tooth profiles 51, on adjoining surfaces of collar 25' and shoulder 49, each have four teeth arranged at angular distances of 90, the four tooth-flanks on collar 25' lying, in the longitudinal direction of the housing, exactly above depressions 50 in collar 2~', while the four tooth flanks on shoulder 49 lie exactly above cams 38 of drive element part 23. Guide ribs 52, provided on front part 21 of drive element 20, make the said drive element displaceable but prevent it from rotating; supporting part 30' is anchored stationarily in housing 1,2 and is secured against rotation in the said housing by means of ribs 54 (Fig.12). Drive element 20 is displaceable, against the force of spring 26, from the position of rest shown in Figures 8 and 9, by an amount equal to stroke h, in the forward (downward) direction, i.e. until shoulder 56 on drive element 20, formed at the transition between front and rear parts 21 and 23 of the said drive element, comes up against supporting part 30'.
As explained in greater detail hereinaf-ter, the spring constant of spring 43 is greater than that of spring 26, i.e. spring 43 is harder than spring 26. Thus when pressure is applied to head 11, first of all spring 26 is compressed until shoulder 56 comes up ' DS11-4990-1~
against supporting part 30', while spring 43 is compressed only when further pressure is applied to the head.
The method oE operation of the variant of the injection device will now be described, based upon the starting positions shown in Figures 8 to 12, in which threaded rod 12 is completely screwed back so that disc 17 bears upon the front end of drive element part 21, while piston 5 is last of all seated upon the ~illed injection capsule. Prior to the first injection, the cap protecting needle 7 having been removed, head 11 is pressed forwardly (downwardly) in order to fill needle 7 with fluid. Since spring 43 is harder than spring 26, head 11 initially remains in the position shown in Figures 8 and 9, in relation to sleeve 10. The pressure applied to head 11 is transferred by spring 43 to sleeve 10 which engages with collar 47 of drive element 20 and presses it forwardly (downwardly), with threaded rod 12 seated in nut thread 22, against the force of spring 26, until shoulder 56 comes up against supporting part 30'. Thus head 11, sleeve 10, and threaded rod 12 are moved forwardly in relation to housing 1/2 and stroke h.
Disc 17 mounted upon pin 12' of threaded rod 12, comes up against piston 5 during stroke h, driving it slightly forward during the remaining part of the stroke, so that a small amount of fluid emerges from capsule 4 through needle 7. After shoulder 56 has come up against supporting part 30', so that sleeve 10 cannot be driven any farther forward, head 11 moves, when further pressure is applied, against the force of spring 43, forwardly (downwardly) in relation to sleeve 10, causing extension 41 to meave ribs 40 and, after moving over an additional distance z, to come up against shoulder 49. (As indicated in Fig. 9, head 11 thus moves first, in .; . .
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relation to shoulder 49 - with sleeve 10 and threaded rod 12 - by an amount equal to stroke h, and then - with sleeve 10 and threaded rod 12 stationary - it moves farther by an amount equal to additional stroke z.
On the one hand, the spring constant of spring 43 is large enough, compared to that of spring 26, to ensure that extension 41 of head 11 remains reliably held in ribs 40, until shoulder 56 of sleeve 10, moved against the Eorce of spring 26 and the friction between piston 5 and capsule 4, comes up against supporting part 30'. On the other hand, the spring constant of spring 43 is such that the patient scarcely notices when shoulder 56 comes up against supporting part 30', i.e. the pressure required by the patient to overcome the force of spring 26 and the friction between piston 5 and capsule 4 is imperceptibly less than the pressure required to move head 11 along sleeve 10 against -the force of spring 43. The patient therefore does not realize that the injection procedure is concluded at the end of stroke h and that additional stroke z is not needed for the injection. The purpose of this additional stroke z is to ensure that shoulder 56 on sleeve 10 bears reliably upon supporting part 30' for a certain length of time, namely for the time required for additional stroke z. This prevents the patient from releasing head 11 after shoulder 56 has come up against supporting part 30', so that disc 17 is im~ediately released from piston 5 at the end of advance-stroke H and there is a danger of piston 5 not remaining in the advanced position and springing back slightly instead.
After extension 41 has come up against shoulder 49, and head 11 cannot therefore be advanced any further, the patient :
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releases head 11, whereupon springs 26 and 43 move sleeve 10, with threaded rod 12 carrying disc 17, and head 11, back to the position shown in Figures 8 and 9~ (At this time, sleeve 10 and threaded rod 12 move by an amount equal to stroke h, while head 11 moves by an amount equal to h + z rearwardly in relation to housing 1/2.
For the purpose of injecting a desired amoun-t of fluid, the patient rotates head 11 (before piercing the skin with the needle) in the clockwise direction by a number of quarter turns corresponding to the number of fluid units. For each quarter turn ~through 90), the patient mus-t overcome a catch position (of catch mechanism 3~/50), i.e. the amount of fluid can be measured according to the number of catch positions to be overcome. When head 11, and thus sleeve 10, connected thereto but secured against rotation (by ~uide-ribs 40), are rotated, threaded rod 12, carried along by sleeve part 10''', is screwed forwardly through nut thread 22 of drive element 20. This reduces the distance between disc 17 and piston 5, but the said disc does not come into contact with the piston. A counterclockwise turn, causing the threaded rod to be screwed back through nut thread 22, impedes lock 51~
After the desired amount of fluid has been preselected by appropriate rotation of head 11, the needle is inserted into the skin and the head is pressed forwardly (downwardly~ until extension 41 comes up against shoulder 49. At this time, as described hereinbefore, sleeve 10 is first pressed forwardly, against the force of spring 26, by an amount equal to advance stroke h, until it comes up against supporting part 30'. Head 11 is then moved, by an amount equal to additional stroke z, against the force of spring 43, in relation to sleeve 10. During advance stroke h, disc 17 strikes : ~ .
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DS11-4990-1~
piston 5, pushing the latter forward exactly as far as threaded rod 12 is rotated forwardly, by prior rotation of the head, in nut thread 22 of drive element 20. In this connection, additional stroke z ensures, as explained hereinbefore, that sleeve 10, and threaded rod 12, remain for a certain length of time at the end of advance stroke h, during which time piston 5 is held in the correct terminal position by disc 17, so that it can no longer escape rearwardly after the load has been removed.
When the device has been used several times, and capsule 4 is nearly empty, shoulder 45 on threaded rod 12 approaches part 10''' of the sleeve. This produces the case in which the patient wishes to inject a certain number of fluid units, but the head can no longer be rotated through a corresponding number of quarter turns because, during these turns, shoulder 45 comes up against part 10'''. This tells the patient that the amount of fluid he can inject corresponds only to the number of quarter turns already carried out, not the total amount he desires.
The length of the threaded rod, and the position of shoulder 45, are such that piston 5, during advance stroke h of threaded rod 12, shoulder 45 of which bears upon part 10''' of the sleeve, can still be reliably advanced without coming up against the forward constriction in capsule 4. The patient is thus assured that the number of fluid units adjusted by him, by rotating head 11 until shoulder 45 comes up against part 10''', can be reliably injected.
When he wishes to inject a specific number of fluid units, but can no longer rotate the head through the corresponding number oE
quarter turns, this shows him that he must obtain a new capsule or a new injection device, in order to avoid two injections (first of all ', , :
' .. ..
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the remainder from the old capsule and then the diEference from the new capsule).
The injection device may be designed as a throw-away or capsule 4 may be replaced. In the latter case, threaded rod 12 must be screwed back through nut thread 22, by rotating head 11 in the counterclockwise direction, until disc 17 comes up against the front adge of drive element part 21. To this end, the saw-tooth profile surface of collar 25', forming lock 51, must be released from that of shoulder 49. As described in connec-tion with Figures 1 to 7, this can be achieved in that supporting part 30' is held by capsule 4 in housing 1/2 so that, when the capsule is removed, it falls downwardly~ This unloads spring 26 and both lock 51 and catch mechanism 38,50 are released. When supporting part 30' is securely anchored in housing 1/2, head 11 may be pressed slightly forwardly (downwardly), so that the saw-tooth profile of drive-collar 25' is released from the saw-tooth profile of shoulder 49. While it is being turned back in the counterclockwise direction, however, head 11 must be under constant pressure in order to overcome the resistance of catch device 38,50 at each quarter turn.
This invention relates to an injection device according to an injection device or a dispenser device for dispensing selectable amounts of liquid from a preEilled liquid container that is equipped with a plunger, by advancing the plunger to dispense the liquid.
A device of this kind is known from EP-A 0 058 536in which the piston of the injection capsule is advanced by rotating the drive member of a mechanism, the driven member of which is a threaded sleeve bearing against the piston. The rotary motion of the drive member is limited by a stop, and a clutch ensures that the driv~ member can be turned back from -the stop without engaging the mechanism. Prior to each injection, the drive member is turned back through an angle corresponding to the desired amount of fluid;
during the injection, it is turned forward as far as the stop.
It is not possible to inject onesel~ in the arm with the known device because during injection, the device must be held with one hand while the other hand must rotate the drive member. With the rotation limited by the stop, there is also a danger of the device and therefore the needle also tilting. One particular disadvantage is that with one rotary motion, only a small amount of fluid can be injected. If a larger amount of fluid is to be injected, the drive member must be rotated back and forth several times with the needle piercing the skin.
It is the purpose of the invention to provide an injection device by means of which any desired amount of fluid to be injected can be accurately adjusted and preselected and can be injected with a single rotary motion in the longitudinal direction of the housing.
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a dispenser device for dispensing selectable amoun-ts oE
:, ~
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liquid from an elongated cylindrical container having a plunger slidable forward therein from one end thereof for forcing liquid out of the container through an outlet in the opposite end of the container, comprising a drive mechanism having an elongated rod member, and a carrier element, and displacing means, said carrier element being displaceable forth and back in the advancing direction oE tha plunger, said rod member connected to and carried by said carrier element in such a way that it can be axially advanced with respect to the carrier element in the advancing direction of the plunger and is positively carried by the carrier element in the forward as well as in the backward direction, said displacing means `~
being connected on the one hand to advance the rod member with respect to the carrier element and on the other hand to advance and retract the carrier element together with the rod member carried thereby with respect to the container, the rod member being adapted to abut and force the plunger forward during activation of said displacing means for advancing the carrier element together with the rod member with respect to the container, housing means, said cylindrical container and said drive mechanism connected in said housing means axially to each other, said displacing means including a manually engageable element extending from said housing means, said rod member positioned to push the plunger of the cylindrical container forward and to move away from said plunger leaving the latter in the forward pushed position, said displacing means connected for axially displacing said carrier element by a constant stroke forth and back in the advancing direction of the plunger from a rearward rest position in said housing means to a forward position axially toward the plunger and back again into the rest position, ~L2~
DS11-4990-lA
said rod member on the one hand being axially advanceable by means of said displacing means with respect to said carrier element in the advancing direction of the plunger by any selected distance in correspondence with the plunger path, required for the desired quantity of liquid to be dispensed from said cylindrical container, and on the other hand said rod member being displaceable forth and back together with said carrier element by said constant stroke by said displacing means, whereby said rod member located at a distance from the plunger in the rest position of the carrier element can be axially moved, by means of said displacing means, relative to the carrier element remaining in the rest position, in the advancing direction by the selected axial distance without abutting against the plunger, and abuts during actuation and displacement of the carrier element from the rest position into the forward position against the plunger at the moment, when the carrier element has been axially displaced by the difEerence between the constant stroke and the selected distance, when the displacement of the carrier element is continued up to the forward position, and means connected to move said carrier element and rod member away from the plunger by the constant stroke leaving the plunger in the forward pushed position, while displacing the carrier element back ~rom the forward position into the rest position.
The invention is explained hereinafter in greater detail, in conjunction with the examples of embodiment illustrated in the drawing attached hereto, wherein:
Figure 1 is an axial longitudinal section through an injection device with the drive element in the position of rest;
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Figure 2 is an axia:l longitudinal section to an enlarged scale through the rear part of the device in Figure l;
Figure 3 is an axial longitudinal section, corresponding to Figure 2, through the rear part of the device, with the drive element in the terminal position;
Figure 4 is a cross-section along the line IV-IV in Figure 3;
Figure 5 is a cross-section along the line V-V in Figure 3;
Figure 6 is a cross-section along the line VI-VI in Figure 3;
Figure 7 is a cross-section along the line VII-VII in Figure 3;
Figure 8 is an axial longitudinal section through a preferred variant of the injection device, with the drive element in the position of rest;
Figure 9 is an axial longitudinal section through the rear part of the device (without the housing) according to Figure 8, to an enlarged scale;
Figure 10 is a cross-section, to an enlarged scale, along the line X-X in Figure 9;
Figure 11 is a side elevation, to an enlarged scale of a part of the device as seen from arrow 11 in Figure 9; and Figure 12 is a cross-section, to an enlarged scale, along the line XII-XII in Figure 9.
The injection device ilLustrated in Figures 1 to 7 has two sleeve-like housing parts 1, 2. Arranged in rear housing-part 1 (the upper part in the drawing) is a mechanism 3, while front housing-part 2 (the lower part in the drawing) contains an injection 9L2~
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capsule 4. This is a conventional injection capsule (Karpulle) which has a piston 5 (without a piston rod) at one end and an outlet piece 6 at the other end, closed oEf by a diaphragm (not shown).
Housing part 2 carries, at its front end, a cap-part 8 which supports an outlet piece 6 and has a passage for needle 7.
Housing-parts 1 and 2 are joined together by a threaded sleeve 9, rear housing-part 1 being glued to the said threaded sleeve, while ~ront housing part 2 may be unscrewed there-from in order to replace injection-capsule 4.
The drive member of mechanism 3 consists of a sleeve 10 upon which is seated an actuating head 11 which is used to rotate the said sleeve and to advance it, i.e. -to press it downwardly. The driven member of mechanism 3 consists of a threaded rod 12 which is inserted into sleeve 10, is prevented from rotating, but is longitudinally displaceable therein. In order to prevent rotation, threaded rod 12 is flattened on opposite sides 13 and 14 and the threadless bore in the said sleeve is adapted accordingly.
This threaded rod 12 comprises two ~lat, parallel, smooth (threadless) longitudinal surfaces 13,14, by means of which it is carried along by the correspondingly flat inner wall surfaces of slaeve 10, and two threaded cylindrical segments 15,16 which are at a distance from the two smooth (threadless) cylindrical inner-wall surfaces of sleeve 10. Seated at the front end of threaded rod 12 is a disc 17 which serves to advance piston 5 as described hereinafter.
The drive elemènt, on which threaded rod 12 is mounted moveable, is marked 20. Front part 21 of the said element has a nut thread 22 through which threaded rod 12 is screwed. Rear part 22 of . ~
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the said drive element has a threadless bore in which sleeve 10 is mounted rotatably. The said sleeve has a circular, flange shaped collar 25 which rests upon the rear end of part 23 of the drive element.
Applying pressure to head 11 of sleeve 10 causes drive element 20 to move, against the force of a compression~spring 26, out of the position of rest shown on Figures 1 and 2 into the terminal position shown in Figures 3 to 7. When head 11 is released, drive element 20 is returned to its position of rest by compression-spring 26~
Compression spring 26 is a helical spring surrounding the central part of drive element 200 It engages with a collar 27 formed on element 2~ and rests upon a sleeve-like supporting part 30 which forms a guide for the front part of drive element 20 and comprises a supporting ring 31 which projec-ts radially inwardly and rests upon the rear edge of capsule 4. The cylindrical casing of drive element 20, running forwardly from collar 27, is adapted, with play, to sleeve-like supporting part 30 and is narrowed down at the f~ont end for adaptation to supporting ring 31. The cylindrical casing of drive element 20, running rearwardly from collar 27 is adapted, with play, to guide 34 and comprises four longitudinal grooves 32 arranged equidistantly. Engaging in grooves 32 are four longtudinal ribs 33 formed on the front part of a guide 34 anchored firmly in housing part 1, so that drive-element 20 is secured against rotation, but is longitudinally displaceable on the front part of guide 34. The rear part of guide 34 has a bore adapted to circular collar 25 of sleeve 10, a guide-head 35 being seated on its rear end. The front part of guide-head 35 is adapted to sleeve 10, ~ j ~
DSl1-49~0-lA
and the rear part to actuating head ll. Annular shoulder or stepped surface 36 (Fig. 2) at the transition between sleeve 10 and the bore in ~uide-nead 35 adapted to head 11, forms a stop for actuating head ll. This stop 36 limi-ts the advance movement of actuating head ll and thus the displacement of drive element 20. The terminal position, illustrated in Figures 3 to 7, of the said drive element is also achieved when actuating head ll comes up against stop 36.
~The terminal position could obviously also be determined by collar 25 comin~ to a stop at the lower part of guide 34, or by drive element 20 coming to a stop at supporting ring 31).
In the position of rest, illustrated in Figures l and 2, of drive element 20, collar 25 of sleeve lO is pressed by drive element 20, acted upon by spring 26, against front end 37 (Fig. 3) of ~uide-head 35. In the position of rest, collar 27 of drive element 20 is at a slight distance from the front end of guide 34.
In order to be able to accurately preselect the amount of ~luid to be injected, a catch mechanism is provided which engages several times, in the present example of embodiment four times, in each complete revolution of actuating head ll. Thus, after each revolution through 90, a perceptible catch-resistance must be overcome. The catch mechanism consists of four cams 38 running diametrically, spaced angularly at 90, and formed on the rear annular end-surface, facing drive-element 20, of collar 25 of sleeve lO. Cams 38, and the depressions, are of circular cross-section, so that the catch locations can easily be overcome, even though the catch-resistance is perceptible. Spring 26, which presses the end surface, provided with cams 38, of drive element 30 against the DSll-4990--lA
surface, carrying the depressions, of collar 25, constitutes the spring of the catch mechanism.
The method of operation of the injection device described will now be explained, starting from the following initial position: mechanlsm 3 is in the position shown in Figures 1 and 2.
Sleeve 10 and drive element 20 are held by spring 26 in the position of rest in which collar 25 bears against stop 37. Threaded rod 12 is screwed completely back, so that disc 17 bears against the front end of drive element 20. A full injection capsule 4 is inserted into the device. Piston 5 is seated at the rear end of the said capsule, actually somewhat farther back than is shown in Figures 1 and 2.
In the first place, care should be taken to ensure that needle 7 is filled with fluid. To this end, head 11 is pressed forward (downwardly) until it comes up against stop 36. This advance movement h causes collar 25 to press drive element 20, wi-th threaded rod 12 seated in nut thread 22, forwardly against the force of spring 26. This causes disc 17 to come up against piston 5 and to push it forwardly, allowing a small amount of fluid to emerge from needle 7. At the end of stroke h, all parts are in the positions shown in Figures 3 - 7; sleeve 10 and drive element 20 are in the terminal position defined by head 11 coming up against stop 36; disc 17 bears against piston 5.
If head 11 is now released, spring 26 pushes drive element 20, and also threaded rod 12 seated in its thread 22, with disc 17 and sleeve 20, backwards until collar 25 comes up against stop 37.
All parts are now in the positions shown in Figures 1 and 2; drive element 20 and sleeve 10 are in their positions o~ rest supported by .
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spring 26, while disc 17 is at a distance h from piston 5 which corresponds exactly to movement h oE drlve element 20 between the position of rest and the terminal position. The device ls now ready for use.
In order to inject a specific amount of fluid, head 11 is first rotated (before the needle pierces the skin) with the drive element in the position of rest accordlng to Figures 1 and 2. After each revolution through 90, the resistance of catch mechanism 3~
must be overcome. Each revolution through 90 corresponds to one unit of fluid, and the amount of fluid to be injected may therefore be measured by the number of catch positions to be overcome. As sleeve 10 is rotated, threaded rod 12, which is carried along by the sleeves, is screwed through nut-thread 22 of drive element 20 in the forward direction, thus reducing the distance between disc 17 and piston 5, although the said disc does not come into contact therewith. (Stroke _ of drive element 20 is greater than the piston travel required for injecting a maximal permissable amount of fluid). After head 11 has been rotated according to the deslred amount of fluid, the needle is caused to pierce the skin and head 11 is pressed to stop 36, thus advancing drive element 20 from the position of rest shown in Figures 1 and 2 into the terminal position shown in Figures 3 to 7. During this advance movement h, disc 17 strikes piston 5 and pushes it forward by exactly the same distance that threaded rod 12 was rotated forwardly, in relation to drive element 20, by the prior rotation of head 11. After head 11 is released, spring 26 returns drive element 20 to its position of rest and disc 17 moves away from piston 5 by an amount equal to stroke h. For the next injection, head 11 is again rotated, as described ~ 9 ', '.'~
. ,: ' , ~' , DSll--4990-lA
hereinbefore, in accordance with the amount of fluid desired, and is then pressed downwardly. In order to inject precisely the amount of fluid selected, the advance movement must be carried out either with the catch mechanism always engaged or always disengaged. In the connection, the height of cams 38 of the catch mechanism is, however, so slight (e.g. only two tenths of a millimetre in height) that the difEerance between the forward movement in the engaged or disengaged position has little effect upon the amount of Eluid injected, i.e. it is less than the travel of the threaded rod during one revolution through 90.
When the capsule is empty, housing part 2 is unscrewed from threaded sleeve 9 and the empty capsule is removed. As a result of this, supporting part 30, ring 11 of which is carried by the rear end of the said capsule, falls forwardly onto threaded sleeve 9, spring 26 is unloaded and drive element 20 no longer presses against collar 25. Head 11 may now be screwed back without overcoming the catch resistances. This is essential since, before a new capsule is inserted, threaded rod 12 must be screwed completely back through nut thread 22, which requires a very large number of turns. After the said threaded rod has been screwed back, housing part 2, containing a new full capsule 4, is screwed back to threaded sleeve 9, the said capsule pushing supporting part 30 back into the position shown in the drawing. This restores all parts to the starting position described hereinbefore.
For the purpose of protecting needle 7 and actuating head 11, caps (not shown) may be fitted to the ends of housing parts 1 and 2.
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.
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In the case of the example o-E embodiment illustrated in the drawing, the front end of sleeve 10 is spaced from front part 21, comprising nut thread 22, of drive element 20. However, the said sleeve may also bear against front part 21, the catch mechanism being ~ormed by projections and depressions in these surfaces which bear a~ainst each other. In this case, collar 25 is at a distance ~rom the rear end of drive element 20. Moreover, the catch mechanism could also be Eormed by projections and depressions in the surfaces, pressed together by the force of spring 26, of collar 25 on sleeve 10 and of stop 37. Spring 26 could also be supported directly by the rear edge of capsule 4, instead of by supporting part 30.
Figures 8 to 12 illustrate a preferred variant of the injection device shown in Figures 1 to 7. Parts of the variant which correspond to the parts in Figures 1 to 7, bear the same reference numerals. The variant differs from the example shown in Figures 1 to 7 as follows:
Sleeve 10 constituting the drive member of mechanism 3, consists of two parts 10', 10" secured Eirmly to each other. The rear (upper) end of part 10" comprises a collar 25, projecting radially outwardly, in which the front (lower) end of part 10' is seated, while the front end has a radially inwardly projecting extension 10''' which encloses threaded rod 12. Actuating head 11, consisting of two parts 11', 11" is not securely seated upon sleeve part 10'; it is secured against rotation, but is longitudinally displaceable. To this end, the upper end of sleeve-part 10' comprises four guide-ribs 40 running in the longitudinal direction of the housing, the ~aid ribs engaging in corresponding grooves in . ~
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the inner wall of head part 11", also runnlng in the longitudinal direction of the housing (Fig. 10). The front end of head part 11' comprises an annular extension 41 which projects inwardly and encloses sleeve part 10'. Clamped in the cavity in head 11, between the cover of head part 11' and the upper front edge of sleeve-part 10', is a compression-spring 43. In the position of rest shown in Figures 8 and 9, head 11 is held, by its extension 41, -to ribs 40 against the force of spring 43.
Threaded rod 12, constituting the driven member of mechanism 3, is flattened over its entire length on opposite sides 13,14; it is mounted rotatably but only in extension 10''' of sleeve 10. Thus only this extension 10''' has an inner wall adapted to threaded rod 12 with two flat and two cylindrical (smooth) inner-wall surfaces (as in Figs. 4 to 6). The remainder of sleeve 10 has a cylindrical bore, the diameter of which is greater by one tolerance than the diameter of a shoulder 45 formed at the upper end of threaded rod 12. When the said threaded rod is screwed through nut thread 22 in front part 21 of drive element 20, shoulder 45 runs forwardly (downwardly) through sleeve 10 until it comes up against e~tension 10 " ' of the said sleeve.
The front end of threaded rod 12 carries a pin 12' upon which is seated disc 17 which serves to advance piston 5.
Compression spring 26 engages with a collar 47 formed at the rear end of drive element part 23 and rests upon a supporting part 30' held stationary in housing 1,20 Spring 26 presses collar 47 against collar 25' formed on the sleeve; it also presses collar 25' against a shoulder 49 formed at the rear end of housing part 1 and enclosing sleeve part 10'. The surfaces of collars 47 and 25', s~
DS11-4990-lA
bearing one upon the other, each have four cams 38 running radially at angular distances oE 90 and channel-like depressions 50 adapted thereto and forming a catch mechanism under the action of spring 26. The catch mechanism, formed by cams 38 and depressions 50, corresponds to the one described in conjunction with Figures 1 to 7. The surfaces of collar 25' and shoulder 49, bearing one upon the other, each have saw-tooth profiles 51 which are adapted to each other and form a lock under the action of spring 26 ~Fig. 11).
Saw-tooth profiles 51, on adjoining surfaces of collar 25' and shoulder 49, each have four teeth arranged at angular distances of 90, the four tooth-flanks on collar 25' lying, in the longitudinal direction of the housing, exactly above depressions 50 in collar 2~', while the four tooth flanks on shoulder 49 lie exactly above cams 38 of drive element part 23. Guide ribs 52, provided on front part 21 of drive element 20, make the said drive element displaceable but prevent it from rotating; supporting part 30' is anchored stationarily in housing 1,2 and is secured against rotation in the said housing by means of ribs 54 (Fig.12). Drive element 20 is displaceable, against the force of spring 26, from the position of rest shown in Figures 8 and 9, by an amount equal to stroke h, in the forward (downward) direction, i.e. until shoulder 56 on drive element 20, formed at the transition between front and rear parts 21 and 23 of the said drive element, comes up against supporting part 30'.
As explained in greater detail hereinaf-ter, the spring constant of spring 43 is greater than that of spring 26, i.e. spring 43 is harder than spring 26. Thus when pressure is applied to head 11, first of all spring 26 is compressed until shoulder 56 comes up ' DS11-4990-1~
against supporting part 30', while spring 43 is compressed only when further pressure is applied to the head.
The method oE operation of the variant of the injection device will now be described, based upon the starting positions shown in Figures 8 to 12, in which threaded rod 12 is completely screwed back so that disc 17 bears upon the front end of drive element part 21, while piston 5 is last of all seated upon the ~illed injection capsule. Prior to the first injection, the cap protecting needle 7 having been removed, head 11 is pressed forwardly (downwardly) in order to fill needle 7 with fluid. Since spring 43 is harder than spring 26, head 11 initially remains in the position shown in Figures 8 and 9, in relation to sleeve 10. The pressure applied to head 11 is transferred by spring 43 to sleeve 10 which engages with collar 47 of drive element 20 and presses it forwardly (downwardly), with threaded rod 12 seated in nut thread 22, against the force of spring 26, until shoulder 56 comes up against supporting part 30'. Thus head 11, sleeve 10, and threaded rod 12 are moved forwardly in relation to housing 1/2 and stroke h.
Disc 17 mounted upon pin 12' of threaded rod 12, comes up against piston 5 during stroke h, driving it slightly forward during the remaining part of the stroke, so that a small amount of fluid emerges from capsule 4 through needle 7. After shoulder 56 has come up against supporting part 30', so that sleeve 10 cannot be driven any farther forward, head 11 moves, when further pressure is applied, against the force of spring 43, forwardly (downwardly) in relation to sleeve 10, causing extension 41 to meave ribs 40 and, after moving over an additional distance z, to come up against shoulder 49. (As indicated in Fig. 9, head 11 thus moves first, in .; . .
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relation to shoulder 49 - with sleeve 10 and threaded rod 12 - by an amount equal to stroke h, and then - with sleeve 10 and threaded rod 12 stationary - it moves farther by an amount equal to additional stroke z.
On the one hand, the spring constant of spring 43 is large enough, compared to that of spring 26, to ensure that extension 41 of head 11 remains reliably held in ribs 40, until shoulder 56 of sleeve 10, moved against the Eorce of spring 26 and the friction between piston 5 and capsule 4, comes up against supporting part 30'. On the other hand, the spring constant of spring 43 is such that the patient scarcely notices when shoulder 56 comes up against supporting part 30', i.e. the pressure required by the patient to overcome the force of spring 26 and the friction between piston 5 and capsule 4 is imperceptibly less than the pressure required to move head 11 along sleeve 10 against -the force of spring 43. The patient therefore does not realize that the injection procedure is concluded at the end of stroke h and that additional stroke z is not needed for the injection. The purpose of this additional stroke z is to ensure that shoulder 56 on sleeve 10 bears reliably upon supporting part 30' for a certain length of time, namely for the time required for additional stroke z. This prevents the patient from releasing head 11 after shoulder 56 has come up against supporting part 30', so that disc 17 is im~ediately released from piston 5 at the end of advance-stroke H and there is a danger of piston 5 not remaining in the advanced position and springing back slightly instead.
After extension 41 has come up against shoulder 49, and head 11 cannot therefore be advanced any further, the patient :
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releases head 11, whereupon springs 26 and 43 move sleeve 10, with threaded rod 12 carrying disc 17, and head 11, back to the position shown in Figures 8 and 9~ (At this time, sleeve 10 and threaded rod 12 move by an amount equal to stroke h, while head 11 moves by an amount equal to h + z rearwardly in relation to housing 1/2.
For the purpose of injecting a desired amoun-t of fluid, the patient rotates head 11 (before piercing the skin with the needle) in the clockwise direction by a number of quarter turns corresponding to the number of fluid units. For each quarter turn ~through 90), the patient mus-t overcome a catch position (of catch mechanism 3~/50), i.e. the amount of fluid can be measured according to the number of catch positions to be overcome. When head 11, and thus sleeve 10, connected thereto but secured against rotation (by ~uide-ribs 40), are rotated, threaded rod 12, carried along by sleeve part 10''', is screwed forwardly through nut thread 22 of drive element 20. This reduces the distance between disc 17 and piston 5, but the said disc does not come into contact with the piston. A counterclockwise turn, causing the threaded rod to be screwed back through nut thread 22, impedes lock 51~
After the desired amount of fluid has been preselected by appropriate rotation of head 11, the needle is inserted into the skin and the head is pressed forwardly (downwardly~ until extension 41 comes up against shoulder 49. At this time, as described hereinbefore, sleeve 10 is first pressed forwardly, against the force of spring 26, by an amount equal to advance stroke h, until it comes up against supporting part 30'. Head 11 is then moved, by an amount equal to additional stroke z, against the force of spring 43, in relation to sleeve 10. During advance stroke h, disc 17 strikes : ~ .
', ' ~ .
DS11-4990-1~
piston 5, pushing the latter forward exactly as far as threaded rod 12 is rotated forwardly, by prior rotation of the head, in nut thread 22 of drive element 20. In this connection, additional stroke z ensures, as explained hereinbefore, that sleeve 10, and threaded rod 12, remain for a certain length of time at the end of advance stroke h, during which time piston 5 is held in the correct terminal position by disc 17, so that it can no longer escape rearwardly after the load has been removed.
When the device has been used several times, and capsule 4 is nearly empty, shoulder 45 on threaded rod 12 approaches part 10''' of the sleeve. This produces the case in which the patient wishes to inject a certain number of fluid units, but the head can no longer be rotated through a corresponding number of quarter turns because, during these turns, shoulder 45 comes up against part 10'''. This tells the patient that the amount of fluid he can inject corresponds only to the number of quarter turns already carried out, not the total amount he desires.
The length of the threaded rod, and the position of shoulder 45, are such that piston 5, during advance stroke h of threaded rod 12, shoulder 45 of which bears upon part 10''' of the sleeve, can still be reliably advanced without coming up against the forward constriction in capsule 4. The patient is thus assured that the number of fluid units adjusted by him, by rotating head 11 until shoulder 45 comes up against part 10''', can be reliably injected.
When he wishes to inject a specific number of fluid units, but can no longer rotate the head through the corresponding number oE
quarter turns, this shows him that he must obtain a new capsule or a new injection device, in order to avoid two injections (first of all ', , :
' .. ..
~2~
DS11-4990-lA
the remainder from the old capsule and then the diEference from the new capsule).
The injection device may be designed as a throw-away or capsule 4 may be replaced. In the latter case, threaded rod 12 must be screwed back through nut thread 22, by rotating head 11 in the counterclockwise direction, until disc 17 comes up against the front adge of drive element part 21. To this end, the saw-tooth profile surface of collar 25', forming lock 51, must be released from that of shoulder 49. As described in connec-tion with Figures 1 to 7, this can be achieved in that supporting part 30' is held by capsule 4 in housing 1/2 so that, when the capsule is removed, it falls downwardly~ This unloads spring 26 and both lock 51 and catch mechanism 38,50 are released. When supporting part 30' is securely anchored in housing 1/2, head 11 may be pressed slightly forwardly (downwardly), so that the saw-tooth profile of drive-collar 25' is released from the saw-tooth profile of shoulder 49. While it is being turned back in the counterclockwise direction, however, head 11 must be under constant pressure in order to overcome the resistance of catch device 38,50 at each quarter turn.
Claims (16)
1. A dispenser device for dispensing selectable amounts of liquid from an elongated cylindrical container having a plunger slidable forward therein from one end thereof for forcing liquid out of the container through an outlet in the opposite end of the container, comprising a drive mechanism having an elongated rod member, and a carrier element, and displacing means, said carrier element being displaceable forth and back in the advancing direction of the plunger, said rod member connected to and carried by said carrier element in such a way that it can be axially advanced with respect to the carrier element in the advancing direction of the plunger and is positively carried by the carrier element in the forward as well as in the backward direction, said displacing means being connected on the one hand to advance the rod member with respect to the carrier element and on the other hand to advance and retract the carrier element together with the rod member carried thereby with respect to the container, the rod member being adapted to abut and force the plunger forward during activation of said displacing means for advancing the carrier element together with the rod member with respect to the container, housing means, said cylindrical container and said drive mechanism connected in said housing means axially to each other, said displacing means including a manually engageable element extending from said housing means, said rod member positioned to push the plunger of the cylindrical container forward and to move away from said plunger leaving the latter in the forward pushed position, said displacing means connected for axially displacing said carrier element by a constant stroke forth and back in the advancing direction of the plunger from a rearward rest position in said housing means to a forward position axially toward the plunger and back again into the rest position, said rod member on the one hand being axially advanceable by means of said displacing means with respect to said carrier element in the advancing direction of the plunger by any selected distance in correspondence with the plunger path, required for the desired quantity of liquid to be dispensed from said cylindrical container, and on the other hand said rod member being displaceable forth and back together with said carrier element by said constant stroke by said displacing means, whereby said rod member located at a distance from the plunger in the rest position of the carrier element can be axially moved, by means of said displacing means, relative to the carrier element remaining in the rest position, in the advancing direction by the selected axial distance without abutting against the plunger, and abuts during actuation and displacement of the carrier element from the rest position into the forward position against the plunger at the moment, when the carrier element has been axially displaced by the difference between the constant stroke and the selected distance, when the displacement of the carrier element is continued up to the forward position, and means connected to move said carrier element and rod member away from the plunger by the constant stroke leaving the plunger in the forward pushed position, while displacing the carrier element back from the forward position into the rest position.
2. Device according to claim 1, including a support element in said housing positioned stationary relative to said one end of said container, a spring having one end engaging said support element and another end engaging said carrier element, said carrier element being held by said spring in the rest position and is displaceable into the forward position against the spring force.
3. Device according to claim 2, in which said displacing means comprises a drive sleeve, said manually engageable element comprising a manipulating head connected on the drive sleeve at the end of the device facing away from the container, said rod member slidably received within the drive sleeve, the drive sleeve coupled to said rod member and being rotatable by means of this head to rotate said rod member and thereby axially advance said rod member relative to said carrier element, and said drive sleeve connected axially to said carrier element, said drive sleeve axially moveable by axial movement of said head to move said rod member together with the carrier element from the rest position into the forward position.
4. Device according to claim 3, in which said manipulating head is mounted nonrotationally but longitudinally displaceably on the drive sleeve, a second spring connected between said head and said drive sleeve, a part of the drive sleeve retaining said head thereon against the force of said second spring acting upon the head in opposition to the advancing direction; and that the elasticity constant of the second spring is larger than that of the first said spring so that, when the manipulating head is depressed, the latter is first advanced from the rest position into the forward position against the force of the first spring together with the drive sleeve, the carrier element and the rod member, and directly subsequently, while continuing the exertion of pressure on the manipulating head, the head is advanced with respect to the drive sleeve against the force of the second spring, during which step the drive sleeve, the carrier element and the rod member remain in the forward position.
5. Device according to claim 3, in which said manually drivable mechanism includes an automatic locking mechanism connected to release the rotational movement of the drive sleeve in the direction of rotation wherein the rod member can be operated in the advancing direction toward the container, and blocks such rotational movement in the opposite direction of rotation.
6. Device according to claim 5, including a projection formed on the carrier element, said spring clamped between said support element and said projection, the drive sleeve and the carrier element having a pair of mating annular surfaces pressed into mutual contact by the force of said spring, said pair of annular surfaces having mating sawtooth-like peripheral projections constituting the locking mechanism.
7. A device according to claim 5, in which said container is an exchangeable container, said spring biasing said locking mechanism, said support element axially supported on the container, whereby upon removal of the container from said housing means, the biasing force of said spring being relieved so it no longer exerts a biasing force on the locking mechanism and the drive sleeve can be rotated in said opposite direction of rotation normally blocked by said locking mechansim.
8. A device according to claim 5, in which said container is an exchangeable container, said support element in said housing means supported on the container, said spring biasing said locking mechanism, said support element upon removal of the container slides forward in said housing means to a position whereby said spring no longer exerts a biasing force on said locking mechanism, whereby the drive sleeve can be rotated in said opposite direct of rotation normally blocked by said locking mechanism.
9. Device according to claim 2, in which said displacing means includes a drive sleeve, said carrier element is pressed axially against the drive sleeve by the force of the spring, and a stop on the housing means for the drive sleeve determining the rest position of said carrier element,
10. Device according to claim 2, in which said displacing means comprises a rotatable drive sleeve and a stop mechanism between said housing means and drive sleeve, said stop mechanism operative to lock in place once or repeatedly during each full revolution of the drive sleeve, said stop mechanism biased by said spring whereby during manual rotation of the drive sleeve a noticeable stop resistance must in each case be overcome, and the amount of liquid to be respectively dispensed from said container can be determined in accordance with the number of stop positions to be overcome.
11. Device according to claim 9 or 10, in which the stop includes projections and mating indentations on the drive sleeve and on the carrier element placed into mutual contact by the pressure of the spring.
12. Device according to claim 10, in which said container is an exchangeable container, the spring biasing the stop mechanism is supported on the support element abutting said one end of said container or on the container, whereby upon removal of the container from said housing means the spring no longer exerts any biasing force on the stop mechanism, so that the drive sleeve after removal of the container can be rotated without overcoming a stop resistance.
13. A device according to claim 10, in which said container is an exchangeable container, said support element in said housing means supported on the container, said spring biasing the stop mechanism support on said support element, said support element upon removal of the container slides forward in the housing means to a position whereby said spring no longer exerts any biasing force on said stop mechanism, or exerts only a minor biasing force thereon, whereby the drive sleeve can be rotated without overcoming a stop resistance.
14. Device according to claim 1, in which said displacing means comprising a driving sleeve, and said manually engageable element connected on one end of said driving sleeve, said driving sleeve having a forward portion and rotatable manually directly by means of said manually engageable element, and the rod member is constituted by a threaded rod which is slidably received within said driving sleeve and coupled thereto to be longitudinally displaceable by the driving sleeve and nonrotationally at least in the forward portion of the sleeve; guide means in said housing means, and said carrier element having a thread portion threadably engaging the threaded rod, and said carrier element slidably engaging said guide means thereby securing said carrier element against rotation.
15. Device according to claim 14, including a flange at the end of said threaded rod away from the plunger, said driving sleeve having an inner wall, the inner wall of the driving sleeve is designed only in the forward portion for the nonrotational mounting of the threaded rod therein and is constructed, in the remaining part, with spacing to the flange; and that the length of the threaded rod and, respectively, the position of the flange on the threaded rod are dimensioned with respect to the length of the container in such a way that the plunger of the container can still be reliably advanced during the advance stroke of the threaded rod, which latter has abutted with its flange against the forward portion of the driving sleeve, without the plunger abutting against the opposite end of the container.
16. Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the carrier element having a forward portion which is at the front thereof in the direction toward said container which includes the thread portion engaging the threaded rod, and the carrier element having a rearward part that includes a threadless bore wherein the driving sleeve is rotatably supported; and that the driving sleeve and the carrier element are supported against each other.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH04805/85-3 | 1985-11-08 | ||
| CH480585 | 1985-11-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1281956C true CA1281956C (en) | 1991-03-26 |
Family
ID=4282854
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000522396A Expired - Lifetime CA1281956C (en) | 1985-11-08 | 1986-11-06 | Injection devices |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4883472A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0245312B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH0613052B2 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU6541986A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8606965A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1281956C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3670768D1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1987002895A1 (en) |
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-
1986
- 1986-10-31 AU AU65419/86A patent/AU6541986A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1986-10-31 BR BR8606965A patent/BR8606965A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-10-31 WO PCT/CH1986/000151 patent/WO1987002895A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1986-10-31 EP EP86906253A patent/EP0245312B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-10-31 JP JP61505683A patent/JPH0613052B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-10-31 DE DE8686906253T patent/DE3670768D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-11-06 CA CA000522396A patent/CA1281956C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1987
- 1987-07-31 US US07/080,561 patent/US4883472A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4883472A (en) | 1989-11-28 |
| AU6541986A (en) | 1987-06-02 |
| JPS63501271A (en) | 1988-05-19 |
| DE3670768D1 (en) | 1990-06-07 |
| BR8606965A (en) | 1987-11-03 |
| WO1987002895A1 (en) | 1987-05-21 |
| JPH0613052B2 (en) | 1994-02-23 |
| EP0245312B1 (en) | 1990-05-02 |
| EP0245312A1 (en) | 1987-11-19 |
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| MKEX | Expiry |