CA1299359C - Device for insulating the spray liquid source from the high tension voltage of an electrostatic spray system when using an electrically conductive spray liquid - Google Patents
Device for insulating the spray liquid source from the high tension voltage of an electrostatic spray system when using an electrically conductive spray liquidInfo
- Publication number
- CA1299359C CA1299359C CA000582222A CA582222A CA1299359C CA 1299359 C CA1299359 C CA 1299359C CA 000582222 A CA000582222 A CA 000582222A CA 582222 A CA582222 A CA 582222A CA 1299359 C CA1299359 C CA 1299359C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- vessel
- spray
- spray liquid
- liquid
- potential
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/16—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material
- B05B5/1608—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive
- B05B5/1616—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive and the arrangement comprising means for insulating a grounded material source from high voltage applied to the material
- B05B5/165—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive and the arrangement comprising means for insulating a grounded material source from high voltage applied to the material by dividing the material into discrete quantities, e.g. droplets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/16—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material
- B05B5/1608—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive
- B05B5/1616—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive and the arrangement comprising means for insulating a grounded material source from high voltage applied to the material
Abstract
Abstract A device for insulating the spray liquid source from the high tension voltage of an electrostatic spray system when using an electrically conductive spray liquid. The device comprises a spray gun (13), a supply line (12) which connects the spray gun (13) to a spray liquid reservoir (10) and which includes a vessel (16) containing a barrier forming liquid (17) of low electrical conductivity and a density other than that of the spray liquid. The vessel (16), which is substantially non-conductive is connected at its inlet end (24) to the earth potential and at its outlet end (19) to the same high potential as the spray gun (13). An electrode means (22; 25) is provided in the vessel (16) to expose the spray liquid passing through the vessel (16) to at least one intermediate potential for controlling the tension gradient in the barrier forming liquid by limiting and controlling the charging of the spray liquid.
Description
s~
DEVICE FOR INSULATING THE SPRAY LIQUID SOURCE FROM
.. . .. ..
THE HIGH TENSION VOLTAGE OF AN ELECTROSTATIC
SPRAY SYSTEM WHEN USING AN ELECTRICALLY
.
CONDUCTIVE SPRAY LIQUID
This invention relates to a device for insulating parts of the spray liquid supply line/ the spray liquid reservoir and the feed pump from the high -tension voltage of an electros-tatic spray system when using an electrically conductive liquid spray ma-terial such as a water based paint or a paint containing matallic particles.
In particular, the invention concerns a device of -the above type in which a vessel containing a barrier forming liquid is incorporated in the spray liquid supply line as described in Canadian patent application Serial No. 532,075 which matured to Canadian patent No. 1,266,400.
A problem inheren-t in the above described device is identified as an uncontrolled tension gradient within the barrier forming liquid such that electrical fields of very high magnitudes are formed, and the spray liquid, which is transported through the barrier forming liquid in drop form, is teared up into a cloud of very small droplets. When disin-tegrated to such an extent, the spray liquid does not respond to gravitation forces, whereby it is difficult to have the spray liquid trans-ported through the barrier forming liquid by the influence of gravitation.
The above problem is solved by the invention as it is defined in the claims.
In accordance with the present invention, there is ~L~9~35~3 la provided device for insulating the spray liquid source from the high tension voltage of an electrostatic spray system when using an electrically conductive spray liquid, comprising a spra~ gun, a supply line which connects the spray gun to a spray liquid source and which includes a vessel containing a barrier forming liquid of low electrical conductivity and a density other than that of the spray liquid, and a spray liquid injection means located at the inlet end of said vessel, said vessel being substantially non-conductive between its inlet end which is connected to the earth potential and its outlet end which is connected to the same high potential as the spray gun, character-ized in that between the inlet end of said vessel and the outlet end of said vessel, there is provided an electrode means by which the spray liquid is exposed to at least one intermediate potential.
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 shows schematically the spray liquid supply means of an electrostatic spray system according to the invention.
Fig. 2 shows on a larger scale the barrier liquid containing vessel of the spray system shown in Fig. 1.
~i 5~
DEVICE FOR INSULATING THE SPRAY LIQUID SOURCE FROM
.. . .. ..
THE HIGH TENSION VOLTAGE OF AN ELECTROSTATIC
SPRAY SYSTEM WHEN USING AN ELECTRICALLY
.
CONDUCTIVE SPRAY LIQUID
This invention relates to a device for insulating parts of the spray liquid supply line/ the spray liquid reservoir and the feed pump from the high -tension voltage of an electros-tatic spray system when using an electrically conductive liquid spray ma-terial such as a water based paint or a paint containing matallic particles.
In particular, the invention concerns a device of -the above type in which a vessel containing a barrier forming liquid is incorporated in the spray liquid supply line as described in Canadian patent application Serial No. 532,075 which matured to Canadian patent No. 1,266,400.
A problem inheren-t in the above described device is identified as an uncontrolled tension gradient within the barrier forming liquid such that electrical fields of very high magnitudes are formed, and the spray liquid, which is transported through the barrier forming liquid in drop form, is teared up into a cloud of very small droplets. When disin-tegrated to such an extent, the spray liquid does not respond to gravitation forces, whereby it is difficult to have the spray liquid trans-ported through the barrier forming liquid by the influence of gravitation.
The above problem is solved by the invention as it is defined in the claims.
In accordance with the present invention, there is ~L~9~35~3 la provided device for insulating the spray liquid source from the high tension voltage of an electrostatic spray system when using an electrically conductive spray liquid, comprising a spra~ gun, a supply line which connects the spray gun to a spray liquid source and which includes a vessel containing a barrier forming liquid of low electrical conductivity and a density other than that of the spray liquid, and a spray liquid injection means located at the inlet end of said vessel, said vessel being substantially non-conductive between its inlet end which is connected to the earth potential and its outlet end which is connected to the same high potential as the spray gun, character-ized in that between the inlet end of said vessel and the outlet end of said vessel, there is provided an electrode means by which the spray liquid is exposed to at least one intermediate potential.
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 shows schematically the spray liquid supply means of an electrostatic spray system according to the invention.
Fig. 2 shows on a larger scale the barrier liquid containing vessel of the spray system shown in Fig. 1.
~i 5~
Figs. 3 and 4 show barrier liquid containing vessels of two alter-native embodiments of the invention.
The spray liquid supply system shown in Fig. 1 comprises a spray liquid reservoir 10, a feed pump 11, a supply line 12 connecting the feed pump 11 to an electrostatic spray gun 13, and an insulating device 14 incorporated in the supply line 12. The insulating device 14 comprises a pressure vessel 16 made of a substantially nonconductive material such as plastics, and con---tains a substantially nonconductive liquid 17 which has the physi-cal properties of not being mixable with the spray liquid andwhich has a density that is different from that of the spray liquid. In the drawing figures there are shown alternative vessel designs all of which contain a barrier forming liquid which has a lower density than the spray liquid.
As a barrier forming liquid having a density lower than that of a water based paint any suitable fraction of petroleum may be used, for example fuel oil which has a density of about 0,8 g/cm3.
In the spray system shown in FigO 1, a water based liquid paint is supplied from the reservoir 10 to the electro-static spray gun 13 via the vessel 16 and the supply line 12.
Instead of connecting the high tension source to the spray gun as is common practice in previously known electrostatic spray systems, the high tension source 15 in this improved system is connected via a conduit 20 to the outlet end 19 of the vessel 16.
Through the conductive water solved paint the high tension ~Z~35~
The spray liquid supply system shown in Fig. 1 comprises a spray liquid reservoir 10, a feed pump 11, a supply line 12 connecting the feed pump 11 to an electrostatic spray gun 13, and an insulating device 14 incorporated in the supply line 12. The insulating device 14 comprises a pressure vessel 16 made of a substantially nonconductive material such as plastics, and con---tains a substantially nonconductive liquid 17 which has the physi-cal properties of not being mixable with the spray liquid andwhich has a density that is different from that of the spray liquid. In the drawing figures there are shown alternative vessel designs all of which contain a barrier forming liquid which has a lower density than the spray liquid.
As a barrier forming liquid having a density lower than that of a water based paint any suitable fraction of petroleum may be used, for example fuel oil which has a density of about 0,8 g/cm3.
In the spray system shown in FigO 1, a water based liquid paint is supplied from the reservoir 10 to the electro-static spray gun 13 via the vessel 16 and the supply line 12.
Instead of connecting the high tension source to the spray gun as is common practice in previously known electrostatic spray systems, the high tension source 15 in this improved system is connected via a conduit 20 to the outlet end 19 of the vessel 16.
Through the conductive water solved paint the high tension ~Z~35~
potential propagates downstream to the spray gun 13. This means that the spray gun 13 as well as the supply line 12 downstream of -the vessel 16 are exposed to the high tension voltage and form a high tension section 18 of the system. The electrical lead up-stream -through the paint is interrupted by the nonconductive barrier forming liquid in the vessel 16.
At the top of the vessel 16 there is located an inlet nozzle 21 by which the paint is disintegrated into small quanti-ties like drops which fall through the insulating liquid 17 by gravity. At the bottom end 19 of -the vessel 16, the drops re-gather to form a continuous paint flow when leaving the vessel 160 Since the paint is transported through the insulating liquid 17 in the form of separate drops, the high tension voltage is not able to propagate further upstream through the paint. Thereby, -the paint supply system upstream of the vessel 16, including the feed pump 11 and the paint reservoir 10, is effectively protected from the high tension voltage.
In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig.
l, the barrier liquid containing vessel 16 is provided wi-th four electrode elements 22 located af-ter each other in the flow direc-tion of the spray liquid. These electrode elements 22 are con-nected to intermediate potential outputs 23 of the high tension source 15. These outputs 23 have different potentials between the earth potential and the high potential to which the outlet end 19 of the vessel 16 is charged. The intermediate potentials of the electrode elements 22 are arranged in such a way that a 35~3 - 3a - 27922-2 successively increasing potential is obtained toward the outlet end 19 of the vessel 16. The uppermost electrode element may, however, be connected to the earth potential. Such an arrangemen-t is advantageous in that the spray liquid would not be exposed -to any electrical charging at all during i-ts drop forming sequence when leaving the nozzle 21 a-t the top oE the vessel 16.
By arranging a n-umber o~ electrode elements with successively increasing potentials, there is obtained a controlled charging of the spray liquid. This is accomplished in that the tension gradient within the vessel 16 is limited to substantially the steps in potential represented by the different electrodes.
In a practical application, the high tension potential supplied at the bottom end 19 of the vessel 16 is about 100 kV, and the difference in potential between each of the four electrodes 22 is 20-30 kV.
According to the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 3, the electrode means for accomplishing a controlled charg-ing of the spray liquid comprises a vertical tube 25 of a low-conductive ~-3~
material. The tube 25 extends upstream in the vessel 16 from the high tension supplied outlet end 19 of the latter. This means that the lower end of the tube 25 is connected to the high potent;al supplied through the high tension lead 20 and, due to the limited conductivity of the tube 25, a successively decreasing potential is exposed to the liquid over the length of the tube 25. A suitable material to be used in the tube 25 is a conductive plastic, such as carbon impregnated polytetrafluorethen.
In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig 4, a successively increased po-tential is obtained by a lining 26 of a low-conductive material attached to the vessel walls. A suitable material for this lining 26 is the same as mentioned above in connection with the tube shaped electrode.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the walls of the vessel 16 itself are made of a low-conductive material as described above so as to accomplish a successive charging of the spray liquid.
~7716-881019
At the top of the vessel 16 there is located an inlet nozzle 21 by which the paint is disintegrated into small quanti-ties like drops which fall through the insulating liquid 17 by gravity. At the bottom end 19 of -the vessel 16, the drops re-gather to form a continuous paint flow when leaving the vessel 160 Since the paint is transported through the insulating liquid 17 in the form of separate drops, the high tension voltage is not able to propagate further upstream through the paint. Thereby, -the paint supply system upstream of the vessel 16, including the feed pump 11 and the paint reservoir 10, is effectively protected from the high tension voltage.
In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig.
l, the barrier liquid containing vessel 16 is provided wi-th four electrode elements 22 located af-ter each other in the flow direc-tion of the spray liquid. These electrode elements 22 are con-nected to intermediate potential outputs 23 of the high tension source 15. These outputs 23 have different potentials between the earth potential and the high potential to which the outlet end 19 of the vessel 16 is charged. The intermediate potentials of the electrode elements 22 are arranged in such a way that a 35~3 - 3a - 27922-2 successively increasing potential is obtained toward the outlet end 19 of the vessel 16. The uppermost electrode element may, however, be connected to the earth potential. Such an arrangemen-t is advantageous in that the spray liquid would not be exposed -to any electrical charging at all during i-ts drop forming sequence when leaving the nozzle 21 a-t the top oE the vessel 16.
By arranging a n-umber o~ electrode elements with successively increasing potentials, there is obtained a controlled charging of the spray liquid. This is accomplished in that the tension gradient within the vessel 16 is limited to substantially the steps in potential represented by the different electrodes.
In a practical application, the high tension potential supplied at the bottom end 19 of the vessel 16 is about 100 kV, and the difference in potential between each of the four electrodes 22 is 20-30 kV.
According to the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 3, the electrode means for accomplishing a controlled charg-ing of the spray liquid comprises a vertical tube 25 of a low-conductive ~-3~
material. The tube 25 extends upstream in the vessel 16 from the high tension supplied outlet end 19 of the latter. This means that the lower end of the tube 25 is connected to the high potent;al supplied through the high tension lead 20 and, due to the limited conductivity of the tube 25, a successively decreasing potential is exposed to the liquid over the length of the tube 25. A suitable material to be used in the tube 25 is a conductive plastic, such as carbon impregnated polytetrafluorethen.
In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig 4, a successively increased po-tential is obtained by a lining 26 of a low-conductive material attached to the vessel walls. A suitable material for this lining 26 is the same as mentioned above in connection with the tube shaped electrode.
In a further embodiment of the invention, the walls of the vessel 16 itself are made of a low-conductive material as described above so as to accomplish a successive charging of the spray liquid.
~7716-881019
Claims (5)
1. Device for insulating the spray liquid source from a high tension voltage of an electrostatic spray system when using an electrically conductive spray liquid, comprising a spray gun, a supply line which connects the spray gun to a spray liquid source and which includes a vessel containing a barrier forming liquid of low electrical conductivity and a density other than that of the spray liquid, and a spray liquid injection means located at the inlet end of said vessel, said vessel being substantially non-conductive between its inlet end which is connected to the earth potential and its outlet end which is connected to the same high potential as the spray gun, character-ized in that between the inlet end of said vessel and the outlet end of said vessel, there is provided an electrode means by which the spray liquid is exposed to at least one intermediate potential.
2. Device according to claim 1, wherein said electrode means comprises a number of electrode elements all being spaced from each other as well as from the ends of said vessel in the spray liquid flow direction and being connected to different potentials, such that the electrode element located closest to the inlet end of said vessel has the lowest potential and that the others have successively higher potentials toward the outlet end of said vessel.
3. Device according to claim 1, wherein said electrode means comprises a surface forming member of a low-conductive material, said member extending in the spray liquid flow direction and having its highest potential adjacent the outlet end of said vessel.
4. Device according to claim 3, wherein said surface forming member is formed by the inner wall of said vessel.
5. Device according to claim 4, wherein said vessel is provided with an inner lining of a low-conductive material.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8704309A SE459322B (en) | 1987-11-04 | 1987-11-04 | DEVICE FOR INSULATING THE SPRAY MATERIAL CELL RELATIVELY HIGH VOLTAGE OF AN ELECTROSTATIC SPRAY SYSTEM |
| SE8704309-7 | 1987-11-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1299359C true CA1299359C (en) | 1992-04-28 |
Family
ID=20370112
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000582222A Expired - Lifetime CA1299359C (en) | 1987-11-04 | 1988-11-04 | Device for insulating the spray liquid source from the high tension voltage of an electrostatic spray system when using an electrically conductive spray liquid |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4881688A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0315615B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH01159068A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR890007798A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1013174B (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8805735A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1299359C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3869556D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2030907T3 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI84699C (en) |
| RU (1) | RU1826928C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE459322B (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5048730A (en) * | 1990-05-10 | 1991-09-17 | Weatherchem Corporation | Moisture-resistant dispensing top |
| US5341990A (en) * | 1993-06-11 | 1994-08-30 | Nordson Corporation | Apparatus and method for dispensing electrically conductive coating material including a pneumatic/mechanical control |
| US5328093A (en) * | 1993-07-28 | 1994-07-12 | Graco Inc. | Water-based plural component spray painting system |
| US5944045A (en) * | 1994-07-12 | 1999-08-31 | Ransburg Corporation | Solvent circuit |
| US5636799A (en) * | 1995-01-13 | 1997-06-10 | Clark Equipment Company | Frame mounted isolated motor driven electrostatic spray system |
| US5647542A (en) * | 1995-01-24 | 1997-07-15 | Binks Manufacturing Company | System for electrostatic application of conductive coating liquid |
| US6460718B1 (en) * | 1997-10-28 | 2002-10-08 | Gateway Plastics Incorporated | Container with a threaded cap having a stepped sealing ring with a plurality of narrow sealing surfaces |
| US6423143B1 (en) | 1999-11-02 | 2002-07-23 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Voltage block monitoring system |
| US20030175443A1 (en) * | 2002-03-14 | 2003-09-18 | Ghaffar Kazkaz | Method and apparatus for dispensing coating materials |
| US6918551B2 (en) * | 2003-07-17 | 2005-07-19 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Dual purge manifold |
| WO2007042991A1 (en) * | 2005-10-07 | 2007-04-19 | Abb As | Paint dosage device and system |
| ES2820584T3 (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2021-04-21 | Victory Innovations Company | Electrostatic fluid supply system |
| JP6975150B2 (en) | 2015-12-21 | 2021-12-01 | ビクトリー・イノベイションズ・カンパニーVictory Innovations Company | Electrostatic fluid discharge backpack system |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3934055A (en) * | 1974-04-30 | 1976-01-20 | Nordson Corporation | Electrostatic spray method |
| NL187613C (en) * | 1978-01-11 | 1991-12-02 | Akzo Nv | DEVICE FOR ELECTROSTATIC SPRAYING OF ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE PAINT. |
| DE3110148A1 (en) * | 1979-09-19 | 1982-09-23 | Ransburg Gmbh, 6056 Heusenstamm | Device for feeding an electrically conductive medium |
| US4401274A (en) * | 1980-03-20 | 1983-08-30 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Containers for use in electrostatic spraying |
| US4544570A (en) * | 1984-01-26 | 1985-10-01 | Nordson Corporation | Electrostatic high voltage isolation system with internal charge generation |
| US4629119A (en) * | 1984-01-26 | 1986-12-16 | Nordson Corporation | Electrostatic isolation apparatus and method |
| SE448213B (en) * | 1986-03-17 | 1987-02-02 | Atlas Copco Ab | SET AND DEVICE TO INSULATE A SPRAY GAS CELL FROM THE HIGH VOLTAGE OF AN ELECTROSTATIC SPRAY GUN WHEN USING AN ELECTRICALLY LEADING SPRAY LIQUID |
| NL8601487A (en) * | 1986-06-09 | 1988-01-04 | Volvo Car Bv | COMBUSTION ENGINE. |
-
1987
- 1987-11-04 SE SE8704309A patent/SE459322B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1988
- 1988-10-31 US US07/265,226 patent/US4881688A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-11-03 FI FI885081A patent/FI84699C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-11-03 DE DE8888850377T patent/DE3869556D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-11-03 EP EP88850377A patent/EP0315615B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-11-03 RU SU884356908A patent/RU1826928C/en active
- 1988-11-03 ES ES198888850377T patent/ES2030907T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-11-04 CN CN88108825A patent/CN1013174B/en not_active Expired
- 1988-11-04 KR KR1019880014522A patent/KR890007798A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-11-04 BR BR888805735A patent/BR8805735A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-11-04 CA CA000582222A patent/CA1299359C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-11-04 JP JP63277520A patent/JPH01159068A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3869556D1 (en) | 1992-04-30 |
| EP0315615A3 (en) | 1990-03-07 |
| CN1036343A (en) | 1989-10-18 |
| ES2030907T3 (en) | 1992-11-16 |
| FI84699B (en) | 1991-09-30 |
| KR890007798A (en) | 1989-07-05 |
| SE459322B (en) | 1989-06-26 |
| SE8704309D0 (en) | 1987-11-04 |
| JPH01159068A (en) | 1989-06-22 |
| BR8805735A (en) | 1989-07-18 |
| FI885081A0 (en) | 1988-11-03 |
| FI84699C (en) | 1992-01-10 |
| CN1013174B (en) | 1991-07-17 |
| FI885081A (en) | 1989-05-05 |
| SE8704309L (en) | 1989-05-05 |
| EP0315615A2 (en) | 1989-05-10 |
| US4881688A (en) | 1989-11-21 |
| EP0315615B1 (en) | 1992-03-25 |
| RU1826928C (en) | 1993-07-07 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |