CA1316095C - Two-fluid nozzle for atomizing a liquid solid slurry and protecting nozzle tip - Google Patents

Two-fluid nozzle for atomizing a liquid solid slurry and protecting nozzle tip

Info

Publication number
CA1316095C
CA1316095C CA000609406A CA609406A CA1316095C CA 1316095 C CA1316095 C CA 1316095C CA 000609406 A CA000609406 A CA 000609406A CA 609406 A CA609406 A CA 609406A CA 1316095 C CA1316095 C CA 1316095C
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
liner
nozzle assembly
burner nozzle
tip
retaining ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
CA000609406A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Charles W. Lipp
Clifton T. Knight
Larry L. Lafitte
Marion H. Hunt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Destec Energy Inc
Original Assignee
Dow Chemical Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dow Chemical Co filed Critical Dow Chemical Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1316095C publication Critical patent/CA1316095C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09CTREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/44Carbon
    • C09C1/48Carbon black
    • C09C1/50Furnace black ; Preparation thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/50Fuel charging devices
    • C10J3/506Fuel charging devices for entrained flow gasifiers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D1/00Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F23D1/005Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel burning a mixture of pulverulent fuel delivered as a slurry, i.e. comprising a carrying liquid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D11/00Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/38Nozzles; Cleaning devices therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/152Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1223Heating the gasifier by burners
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D2201/00Burners adapted for particulate solid or pulverulent fuels
    • F23D2201/10Nozzle tips
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D2201/00Burners adapted for particulate solid or pulverulent fuels
    • F23D2201/30Wear protection
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S48/00Gas: heating and illuminating
    • Y10S48/07Slurry

Abstract

ABSTRACT
A two-fluid nozzle for atomizing a liquid with a gas in which at least two conduits, a central and annular conduit, converge in an internal mixing zone for the liquid and gas, in which the nozzle has a central discharge orifice having a shoulder at its upstream end, and a two-piece, thermally resistant metal alloy heat shield for the central discharge orifice. The heat shield includes a retaining ring and an outwardly flaring liner for the central outlet attached to the retaining ring which bears against the central outlet shoulder and is held in place by the flared construction at its downstream end. Preferably the liner has heat conductive flexible packing disposed between its outside surface and the discharge orifice. The central discharge orifice may open into a protective cap which is cylindrical at one end and rounds out to an elliptical end surface.

36,675-F

Description

i3~ 6~9~

BURNER NOZZLE ~SSEMBLY TIP

This invention relate~ to a two fluid nozzle for atomizing a liquid with a ga~ which includes a protector ~or the nozzle tip. In many application~, such a~ boilers, furnaces and coal gasification reactors, the harsh combustion envîronment unduly ~hortens nozzle life. The tip of the burner nozzle is most especially subjected to the grea~est thermal ~tre~ Thermal ~tres~ i9 defined as the mechanical force cau~ed by expansion because o~ an increa~e in emperature of a body or~portion thereof. Thermal streqs can be very large e pecially at areas of high thermal gradient, for example, at the di~charge outlet where the atomized ~luids exit the nozzle into the ; ~ 15 furnace or combustion zone ~and the geometry of the nozzle change~ from contacting internal temperature~ to contacting;combustion zone temperatures over a very hort~phy ical distance. Chemical reaction~ in the 20~ combust1on~zone, i.e , formation o~, for example, soot, ~lag alqo greatly a~Pect the tip. Mechanical erasion, Por example by ~lurries, also pre~ents nozzle throat and tip problems. Some induYtries accept this a~ a fact o~
li~e and plan for frequent nozzle change~. Other~, in order to extend nozzle li~e ha~e fabricated inserts of 36,675-F
-2- ~ 3 ~

materials which are more resistant to the stresses encountered for par~s that are subjected to the most stress. For example, Schlinger ? U.S. 4,443,228, has added inserts of refractory material, such as tungsten carbide or silicon carbide to decrease mechanical erosion at the noz~le tip caused by slurries.
Unfortunately, such materials are expensive, dif~icult to fashion into complex shapes and can nevertheless fail.
~ The present invention seeks to provide a nozzle which is highly efficient in atomizing the gas-liquid mixture~ and which is more stable and durable to the various ~tre~se~ of the harsh environment of use without changing the burner configuration greatly, or inareasing the dif~iculty of manufaoture by working with exotic ceramic or refractory materials.
The present invention provides a burner nozzle assembly tip connected to the downstream end of a burner nozzle aq~embly, in which said burner noz~le assembly ha at least two conduits for atomization of a liquid selected from liquid carbonaceous materials and a qlurry of carbonaceous material with an oxidizing gas, said two conduits including at least a central and annular conduit containing said liquid and said gas, respeotively9 and which converge at an internal mixing zone to provide ef~icient mixing for the liquid ~uel and oxidizing gas for discharge through a discharge orifice 3 and to a combu~tion zone for combustion at a relatively high temperature, said tip comprising a central outlet having a shoulder at itq upstream end and a thermally resistant metal alloy heat shield attached to a retaining ring which i3 located up~tream of said ~houlder and in contact therewith and said heat 36,675-F -2-~3~

shield comprising a cylindrical liner having an upstream end and a downstream end, the upstream end of which has a diameter less than said ou~let, said liner diverging outwardly ~rom the central longitudinal axis of said burner nozzle assembly to a diameter larger than said outlet at itq downstream end, whereby said outlet is partially covered by said liner and protects said outlet from the heat produced by the combustion temperature.
The burner nozzle assembly tip is pre~erably of a heat resistant metal alloy, such a3 a nickel-chromium-steel alloy and~ more preferably, ~or example, Inconel alloys such as Incoloy 800H, Incoloy 800HT, Type 310 Stainless steel, or Incoloy MA956 (Incoloy is a trademark of INC0 Alloys International, Inc.). Further, the space between the nozzle and the liner o~ the nozzle can be packed with a compressible, heat- insulating material, such as, graphite, metal gau7e9 or tape packing. A preferred nozzle tip o~ this invention includes a two-piece heat shield in which the liner and retaining ring are threadedly connected and, more preferably, being unitized by a locking pin to prevent the parts ~rom unscrewing and disengaging.

The attached drawings, which are included in thiq specification and form a part hereof, illustrate a qpecific, non-limiting embodiment o~ the invention. In each of the Figures of the Drawings, like nu~erals represent like parts and Figure 1 is a sectional view o~ part of a two~
fluid burner nozzle asqembly tip having the heat shield of thi~ invention in place and showing in phantom the down~tream end of the burner nozzle assembly;
Figure Z is a partial sectional side view of the assembled liner and retaining ring in operating 36~675-F -3-posîtion relative to each other;
Figure 3 is a rear view of the assembled liner and retaining ring ~hown in Fig. 2;
Figure 4 is a sectional side view of the liner;
Figure 5 is a rear view o~ the :Liner;
Fi~ure 6 is a sectional side view of the retaining ring;
Figure 7 is a rear view of the retaining ring;
and Figure 8 is a sectional view o~ an alternative embodiment of a two-fluid burner nozæle assembly tip, having the heat shield additionally cooled by a gas ~tream.

The burner nozzle oP this invention can be useful in any application requiring the use of a burner nozzle which is subject to the thermal, mechanical and chemical stre~se~ of harsh environments, such as furnaces or coal ga ification reactors in atomizing a two-fluid system, such a~ oxygen, air or oxygen-containing gas and liquid hydrocarbonaceouq or solid carbonaceou~s ~lurried fuels. Although many other application are known for the burner nozzle of this invention, the most severe environment appear~ to be that found in an entrained 3 ~lagging coal gasification reactor. Typical of such reactors are upflow systems.
For purpose~ of illustration, a typical heat shield arrangement for such an environment will be more particul~arly described.
A~ described in coassigned U.S. 4,705,535, to Lipp, i~sued November 10, 1987, a two-fluid nozzle which is adju table to provide a substantially constant mixing energy i~ disclosedO For the purposes of that invention, the nozzIe is more specifioally defined and 36,675-F ~4-~5~

includes a microprocessor to calculate the mixing energy from the pre~ure and ma~s flow values of the liquid and gas f`ed to the nozzle as measured by the appropriate sensing devices.
The problem solved by the present invention is to prevent the burner face from ~ailing by cracking becau~e oP thermal stress from the heat produced in the furnace or ga3ification reactor. Thi~ i~ accomplished by the protective tip or heat shield structure and the 0 materials employed in the structure providedO The invention provides a tip for a burner nozzle such as that described in U.S. 4,705,535 and a shield or protecting tip which prevents direct contact and heat conduction for the burner assembly from the two-fluid mixture and it~ combuqtion products during combustion.
A3 preqently contemplated, the protecting tip is coaxial with the ce~ntral longitudinal axiq of the burner as~embly and provides an unob~tructed central conduit ~rom the di~charge orifice of the burner assembly to~the reactor or ~urnace combustion zone.
Generally9 the protecting tip includes a cap portion and a heat ~hield portion. Becauqe the nozzle cap and heat qhield are attachable to the downqtream end of the burner assembly a number o~ burners can be used with appropriats adaptation to the cap portion.
Particularly,~ the cap portion must adapt to the cooling jacket of the burner nozzle assembly and, as shown in 3 Figures 1 and 8, provide for ~uel gas conduit~ to be used in preheat and heat maintenance conditions. Thus, prior art burners in addition to those described in U.S.
4,705,535, are useful without a great deal of adaptation required in the burner no~zle assemblyO Therefore, the 36 7 6'75-F _5_ ~ 3 ~

present invention is not limited to the de~cribed and incorporated reference burner of U.S. 4,705,535.
The coaxial shield conduit is encompas~ed and defined by a cylindrical tube or liner having an up3tream end and a downstream end. The upstream end is adjacent to the burner discharge orifice while the downstream end opens to the reactor or ~urnace combustion zone. The liner or tube is preferably cylindrical in qhape at the upstream end and diverges outwardly from the central longitudinal axis at its down 3tream end. Pre~erably, the heat shield liner ends abruptly in a sharp corner instead of continuing to flare outwardly in a smooth curve. This is to prevent the undue mixing o~ the highly atomized mixture of gas and liquid with hot recirculating reactor gas to prevent combustion adjacent the nozzle tip.
The l~ngth of the tube or liner iq determined 2~ by the height of the cap portion and the size of the liner iq determined by the amount of material required to flow through the liner. The degree of ~lare should be ~uf~icient to cover the relatively ~harp tran~ition of the cap and burner nozzle from a central conduit axially aligned with the longitudinal axiq of the burner as~embly to an angle o~ 90 or more to the flat or rounde~ convex curve of the burner or cap face. It is at these sharp transitions that thermal a~d mechanical stresses occur with greater intensity. The high1y 3 localized stresses produced are more likeLy to cause failures in the burner or cap because of the intensified stresses. The liner may be composed of a thermally resistant metal alloy, a number of which are known~
Typical of such thermally resistant alloys are ~ic~el-chromium-stee1 alloys such as, Inconel alloys 36,675-F 6-- - ~ 3 ~
.
In~oloy 800HT, Incoloy MA956, Incoloy 800H, and Type 310 S~ainless Steel nickel chromium steel~ to name a few major types (Incoloy is a ~rademark of INC0 Alloys International, Inc., Huntington, West Virginia).
The liner is held in place by a retaining ring which is connected to the li~er by any conventional means, such as a threaded connectionO When a ~hreaded ccnnection is used, the liner a~d retaining ring are held together and prevented from unscrewing by drill;ng a small hole from the rear of the retaining ring into the intersecting thread and inserting a locking pin9 as is conventional and known in the fastener industry for unitizing threaded connections. The retaining ring has an outside diameter larger than the liner and bears on a shoulder upstream of the liner at the point where the liner and retaining ring join. The larger retaining ring thus prevents the shield from being blown into the furnace or gasif;er ~ith the two-fluid mixture.
The cap is a smoothly rounded or elliptical surface attached to the burner assembly face to provide for the water jacket and to allow the burner internals to be easily fabricated, asse~bled and then covered so that these are not exposed to the combustion zone environment. The cap has matching conduits for each of the discharge orifîces of ~he burner~ Any method of at~achment to the burner face can be employed, but it is preferred to weld the cap to the burner assembly.
As more specifically illustrated in the drawings, the protective tip 40 is shown in Fig 1 with the cap 28 attached in place on a burner nozzle assembly7 such as that of U.S. Patent 4,705,535, which is depicted in phantomO The burner nozzle assembly~

36,675-F -7-à3 ~ ~
generally indicated by the numeral 109 has a central passageway 1~ for an oxygen-containing gas, an annular passageway for a liquid ~not~shown)~ such as a slurry of comminuted carbonaceous particles in a carrier liquid, such as water, and a frustoconical passageway (not shown) ending in frustoconical surface, which carries additional oxygen-containing gas. These passageways are bounded, respectively~ by central conduit, annular conduit, and frustoconical conduit, all as shown in U.S.
Patent 4,705,535. These conduits are carried in cylindrical burner shell 26. Appropriate spacers, vanes, fins and spiders (not indicated) are used to maintain concentricity of the various conduits and provide as little restriction to fluid flow as possibLe.
Also, the burner shell 26 can carry cooling liquid, such as water, to cool the burner assembly; however, for thc sake of simplicity the connections for these, shown in the prior art, are not indicated. Burner shell 26 also : encompasses auxiliary fuel gas conduits 27 which ~re 2~ used for start-up preheat and for maintaining te~peratures during periods when slurry is not being fed to the reactor. Also not shown because it is not relevant to the present invention, but available in the above-mentioned U.S. Patent~, is the structure for the up tream end of the burner assembly lOo The cap 28 is a part of the protective and cooling tip 40 which prevents thermal and mechanical damage to burner~assembly 10. At its upstream end is : right cylindrical section 30 which attaches to the burner shell 26, for example by welding, and merges in a smooh curve to a rounded or an elliptical surface 32 at the dow~stream end. Cap 28 has a central circular discharge orifice 34, which is in axial alignmeDt with 36,675-F -8-9~ 1 3 ~

the longitudinal central axis of burner nozzle assembly 10 and which is bounded by exit tube 36~ Exit tube 36 over fits or attaches to the~frustoconical conduit of burner nozzle assembly lO in leak resistant fashion.
This is particularly important because usually the gas-liquid system of this two-fluid burner nozzle is under pressures from atmospheric to 3500 psig (24~000 kPa gauge). If the attachment were not leak resistant9 slurry would be lost to the burner shell 26 and taken out with the cooling water, resulting in waste problems, decreased economics, and operating problems. Exit tube 36 has shoulder 38 which supports the heat shield or protective tip9 generally indicated at 40. Auxiliary gas conduits 42 are provided to connect with auxiliary fuel gas conduits 27.
Heat shield 40 has liner 44 which at its upstream end is a right cylinder and, progressing : downstream, begins to diverge or flare outwardly from the central longitudinal axis of burner nozzle assembly lO. Liner 44 has a sharp corner 45 which causes the di~charged atomi~ed spray to continue the defined divergent pattern and form a conical spray in the combustion zonel This reduces eddy currents which circle back to the burner, causing flame damage to the cap 28. The liner 44 generally flares at an angle of from 5 to 10 from the longitudinal axis, preferably at : about an 8 angle and, considering the entire ~` 30 circumference of the inside of liner 44, would be a 16 ~; a~gle divergence. However, it has been found that the heat shield preferably should not curve and thin to a great extent, but should maintain straight line di~ergence so that the flame front is directed out into the combustion zone and not dispersed too much at the :~ :

36,675-F _g_ .

-10- ~ 3~9~

.
nozzle tip 40. If so 7 eddy currents are more predominant and the oxygen surrounding the fuel mixture tends to react with the gaseous mixture in the combustion zone, such as synthesis gas, and burn immediately adjacent the burner tip, causing hot spots and thermal stress.
As more easily seen in Figures 2-7, the line~
44 is held in place by a retaining ring 46 which is an annular structure, similar to a toroidal ring, having 0 interior threads and a chamfered edge 48 which faces shoulder 38. Retaining ring 46 has on its rear surface two spanner holes 50 partially drilled through the retaining ring 46 and located about 180 apart. These are used with a spanner having corresponding lugs for installing the retaining ring on the li~er 44. When the retaining ring 46 is installed on the cap 28 a hole 52 is drilled in the rear of the retaining ring 46 on an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the burner assembly 10 and in alignment with the threaded joint of the liner 44 and retai~ing ring 46~ such that a locking pl~ (not shown) placed in the hole 52 prevents the liner : 44 and retaining ring 46 from unscre~ing and disengagi~g.
About the outside of the liner 44, there is disposed a compressible and conductive paeking material 54 to aid in taking heat away from the liner 44~ While the packing material 54 should be heat conductive, it 3 should not conduct hea~ away too rapidly and create a large temperature difference between the inside and outside surfaces of liner 44, creating large tbermal stresqes in the process. Packing material 54 should also be compressible so that thermal expansion of liner 44 can be accommodated. Typically, packing material 54 36,675-F -lO-is selected from graphite, metal gauze, tape packing and the like~ An especially preferred form of graphite i5 a tape graphite packing, with a~corrugated, flexible graphite ribbon material being especially preferred.
Liner 44 and retaining ring 46 are preferably composed of heat resistant metal alloys. Typical me~al allays which retain their strength at high temperatures ar~ nickel-chromium-steel alloys~ Such alloys have greater strength at temperatures close tn their melting 1~ points, i.e., from 2400 to 2S00F (1300 to 1370C).
Particularly preferred are Inconel alloys Incoloy BOOH, Incoloy 800HT, Type 310 stainless steel, or Incoloy MA
956 (Incoloy is a trademark of INCO Alloys International, Inc., Huntington, West Virginia).
Additionally, tungsten metal and tungsten alloys with ~he foregoing materials are useful. Other alloys having similar properties are likewise useful.
Located wi~hin conduit 36 of the cap 28 can, optionally, be an erosion resistan~ insert 56 which is employed particularly in the case of using a slurr~ o~
comminuted carbonaceous material as the liquid. Because the burner nozzle assembly 10 is set for a particular pressure9 any erosion of the insert 56 will affect the shape of the discharge orifice and change the pressure and the atomization and dispersion of the gas-liquid mixture. The use of~refractory or ceramic inserts, known in the art, but not in the manner of the prese~t 3 invention7 such as, for example, tungsten carbide, silicon carbide, aluminum nitride9 and boron carbide, decreases the likelihood of erosion. Insert 56 i supported by gasket or washer 58.

36,675-F

Optionally, an additional cooling feature of the present invention is provided by applying a cooled gas to the space between the~Liner 44 an.d cap 28. As shown in Figure 8, one means for accomplishing gas cooling directly behind liner 44 is provided by bore 60 which can be dr;lled through the shoulder 38 to a position in conduit 36 downstream of retaining ring 46.
A slightly built-up area 62 is provided for attachment of a cooling media supply conduit 64 by any suitable means. The cooling media prov;ded can be any inert or product gas of the system, such as, nitrogen? carbon dioxide, or sy~thesis gas produced in the gasification reactor.

36,675-F -12-

Claims (10)

1. A burner nozzle assembly tip, in which said burner nozzle assembly has at least two conduits for atomization of a liquid selected from liquid carbonaceous materials and a slurry of carbonaceous material with an oxidizing gas, said two conduits including at least a central and annular conduit containing said liquid and said gas, respectively, and which converge at an internal mixing zone to provide efficient mixing for the liquid fuel and oxidizing gas for discharge through a discharge orifice and to a combustion zone for combustion at a relatively high temperature, said tip comprising a central outlet having a shoulder at its upstream end and a thermally resistant metal alloy heat shield attached to a retaining ring which is located upstream of said shoulder and in contact therewith, said heat shield comprising a cylindrical liner having an upstream end and a downstream end, the upstream end of which has a diameter less than said outlet, said liner diverging outwardly from the central longitudinal axis of said burner nozzle assembly to a diameter larger than said outlet at its downstream end, whereby said outlet is partially covered 36,675-F -13-by said liner and protects said outlet from the heat produced by the combustion temperature.
2. A burner nozzle assembly tip as claimed in Claim 1 further characterized by having a thermally insulating material between said outlet and said liner.
3. A burner nozzle assembly tip as claimed in Claim 2 in which said thermally insulating material is elected from graphite, metal gauge and tape packing.
4. A burner nozzle assembly tip as claimed in Claim 3 in which said graphite is a graphite ribbon.
5. A burner nozzle assembly tip as claimed in Claim 1 in which said liner and said retaining ring are threadedly connected.
6. A burner nozzle assembly tip as claimed in Claim 1 in which said liner and said retaining ring are unitized by insertion of a locking pin in a hole drilled in the threaded connection, binding said liner and said retaining ring together and preventing relative rotation and unscrewing thereof.
7. A burner nozzle assembly tip as claimed in Claim 1 in which said retaining ring and liner are composed of a heat resistant alloy.
8. A burner nozzle assembly tip as claimed in Claim 7 in which said liner and said retaining ring are unitized with a locking pin to prevent relative rotation and has a thermally insulating material between said outlet and said liner.
36,675-F -14-
9. A burner nozzle assembly tip as claimed in Claim 7 or 8 in which said heat resistant alloy is Incoloy 800HT.
10. A burner nozzle assembly tip as claimed in Claim 1 further characterized in that said burner nozzle assembly is covered by a cap having a right cylindrical section including an upstream end and a downstream end, said upstream end being capable of attachment to a burner nozzle assembly at the downstream end thereof and converging in a smooth curve to a convex rounded surface culminating in said outlet.

36,675-F -15-
CA000609406A 1988-08-26 1989-08-25 Two-fluid nozzle for atomizing a liquid solid slurry and protecting nozzle tip Expired - Lifetime CA1316095C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US238,217 1988-08-26
US07/238,217 US4952218A (en) 1988-08-26 1988-08-26 Two-fluid nozzle for atomizing a liquid solid slurry and protecting nozzle tip

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1316095C true CA1316095C (en) 1993-04-13

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA000609406A Expired - Lifetime CA1316095C (en) 1988-08-26 1989-08-25 Two-fluid nozzle for atomizing a liquid solid slurry and protecting nozzle tip

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4952218A (en)
EP (1) EP0362997A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH02126013A (en)
KR (1) KR900002848A (en)
CN (1) CN1040861A (en)
AU (1) AU4028889A (en)
CA (1) CA1316095C (en)
DK (1) DK417989A (en)
ZA (1) ZA896514B (en)

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US5575423A (en) * 1994-09-30 1996-11-19 Rockwell International Corporation Tube nozzle having thermal transient reduction
US5904477A (en) * 1995-10-05 1999-05-18 Shell Oil Company Burner for partial oxidation of a hydrocarbon-containing fuel
US5785721A (en) * 1997-01-31 1998-07-28 Texaco Inc. Fuel injector nozzle with preheat sheath for reducing thermal shock damage
US5934206A (en) * 1997-04-07 1999-08-10 Eastman Chemical Company High temperature material face segments for burner nozzle secured by brazing
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DK417989D0 (en) 1989-08-24
CN1040861A (en) 1990-03-28
JPH02126013A (en) 1990-05-15
EP0362997A1 (en) 1990-04-11
ZA896514B (en) 1991-04-24
US4952218A (en) 1990-08-28
KR900002848A (en) 1990-03-23
AU4028889A (en) 1990-03-01
DK417989A (en) 1990-02-27

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