CA2023642C - Electrical double-layer capacitor - Google Patents
Electrical double-layer capacitorInfo
- Publication number
- CA2023642C CA2023642C CA002023642A CA2023642A CA2023642C CA 2023642 C CA2023642 C CA 2023642C CA 002023642 A CA002023642 A CA 002023642A CA 2023642 A CA2023642 A CA 2023642A CA 2023642 C CA2023642 C CA 2023642C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- sintered
- polarising
- layer capacitor
- electrical double
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/30—Stacked capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/26—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features
- H01G11/28—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features arranged or disposed on a current collector; Layers or phases between electrodes and current collectors, e.g. adhesives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/66—Current collectors
- H01G11/72—Current collectors specially adapted for integration in multiple or stacked hybrid or EDL capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
In an electrical double-layer capacitor cell wherein a sintered polarising electrode (2) is used as a polarising electrode, the collecting electrode (1) and the sintered polarising electrode (2) are contacted. Conductive metal evaporated films (5.6) are formed on the respective contact surfaces of the collecting electrode (1) and the sintered polarising electrode (2). When the above-described contact is carried out by conductive metal evaporated films (5.6), the contact resistance becomes small.
Description
ELECTRICAL DOUBLE-LAYER CAPACITOR
The present invention relates to an electrical double-layer capacitor wherein the contact resistance between the collecting electrode and the sintered polarising electrode has been made small.
A conventional electrical double-layer capacitor cell is shown in Fig. 4. In Fig. 4, numeral 1 denotes a collecting electrode, 2 a sintered polarising electrode, 3 a separator, 4 a gasket, and A the contact part of the collector electrode 1 and the sintered polarising electrode 2.
For the collector electrode 1, a conductive rubber sheet can be used and for the gasket 4 a non-conductive rubber can be used. Also a polypropylene porous film can be used for the separator 3.
The sintered polarising electrode 2 is one which is made of active carbon particles formed in a solid plate-like shape and in which is impregnated an electrolytic liquid (example, dilute sulfuric acid). A different type of electrode 2 is known which is brought into a paste-like form by mixing active carbon particles and the electrolytic liquid.
However, the present invention relates to an electrical double-layer capacitor cell which uses a polarising electrode made into a solid plate-like shape by sintering in the manner as described above.
The gasket 4 is made in a tube-like shape, and a separator 3 is arranged approximately centrally thereof to separate upper and lower parts. Then, the sintered polarising electrode 2 fills the upper and lower sides of the separator 3. A collecting electrode 1 is provided in such a manner as to cover the upper and lower surfaces of the sintered polarising electrode 2 and the gasket 4.
The gasket 4 is adhered to the collecting electrode 1 and the separator 3, and the collecting electrode 1 is made to contact the surface of the sintered polarising electrode 2.
The above-described adhesion is carried out by the use of an adhesive agent or the use of a heat melting process.
'~
202364;~
-Such an electrical double-layer capacitor cell is known, for example, from Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8753/1974 and No. 292612/1987.
However, a problem associated with the electrical double-layer capacitor cell using the above-described sintered polarising electrode 2 is that the contact resistance at the contact part A of the collecting electrode 1 and the sintered polarising electrode 2 is relatively high.
When the surface of the sintered polarising electrode 2 is seen at a microscopic level, it is uneven and active carbon particles are protruding at various points. On the other hand, the collecting electrode 1 is a rubber sheet wherein conductive particles are contained therein.
When both surfaces are brought into contact, the electrical resistance becomes small at the position where the protruding parts of the active carbon particles of the sintered polarising electrode 2 make contact with the conductive particles of the collecting electrode 1. However, at other regions where such contact does not happen, the electrical resistance becomes large. Due to this fact, the contact resistance of the whole contact part A cannot be made small at any rate.
The present invention has the object of solving the problem described above.
The object of the present invention is to diminish the resistance of the contact part of the collecting electrode and the sintered polarising electrode in an electrical double-layer capacitor cell.
In order to attain the above-described object, in the present invention, there is provided an electrical double-layer capacitor cell, in which the collecting electrode and the sintered polarising electrode are contacted via conductive metallic evaporated films formed on respective surfaces.
These and other objects of the invention will become more apparent in the detailed description and the following figures in which:
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the electrical double-layer capacitor cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the collecting electrode evaporated with a conductive metal;
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a sintered polarising electrode evaporated with a conductive metal; and Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a conventional electrical double-layer capacitor cell.
Fig. 1 shows an electrical double-layer capacitor cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. The reference numerals correspond to those of Fig. 4. Numeral 5 denotes a conductive metallic evaporated film formed on the surface of the collecting electrode 1, and numeral 6 denotes a conductive metallic evaporated film formed on the surface of the sintered polarising electrode 2.
The conductive metal to be evaporated can be any one of the following metals: gold (Au), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), etc. The evaporation is carried out by use of a vacuum evaporation equipment. The metal to be evaporated is put on an evaporating source filament or in a boat, and evaporation is carried out in a vacuum at an atmosphere of 5 x 10-4 to 5 x 10-5 mm Hg. The evaporated film may be formed only on the part where the collecting electrode 1 and the sintered polarising electrode 2 are in contact.
Since the conductive metallic evaporated film 5 firmly adheres to the active carbon particles of the surface of the collecting electrode 1, the electrical resistance between the active carbon particles and the conductive metal evaporated film 5 is negligibly small. The electrical resistance between the conductive particles on the surface of the sintered polarising electrode 2 and the conductive metal evaporated film 6 is similarly small. Also, the conductive metal evaporated films 5 and 6 provide generally smooth surfaces.
. ~ ,, As a result of the fact that the conductive metal evaporated film has been formed in the manner described above, the collecting electrode 1 and the sintered polarising electrode 2 have a smooth and uniformly extended conductive metal film on the surface of the contact part thereof. Since the contact between the collecting electrode 1 and the sintered polarising electrode 2 is carried out using conductive metal films, the contact resistance becomes extremely small.
~,.
The present invention relates to an electrical double-layer capacitor wherein the contact resistance between the collecting electrode and the sintered polarising electrode has been made small.
A conventional electrical double-layer capacitor cell is shown in Fig. 4. In Fig. 4, numeral 1 denotes a collecting electrode, 2 a sintered polarising electrode, 3 a separator, 4 a gasket, and A the contact part of the collector electrode 1 and the sintered polarising electrode 2.
For the collector electrode 1, a conductive rubber sheet can be used and for the gasket 4 a non-conductive rubber can be used. Also a polypropylene porous film can be used for the separator 3.
The sintered polarising electrode 2 is one which is made of active carbon particles formed in a solid plate-like shape and in which is impregnated an electrolytic liquid (example, dilute sulfuric acid). A different type of electrode 2 is known which is brought into a paste-like form by mixing active carbon particles and the electrolytic liquid.
However, the present invention relates to an electrical double-layer capacitor cell which uses a polarising electrode made into a solid plate-like shape by sintering in the manner as described above.
The gasket 4 is made in a tube-like shape, and a separator 3 is arranged approximately centrally thereof to separate upper and lower parts. Then, the sintered polarising electrode 2 fills the upper and lower sides of the separator 3. A collecting electrode 1 is provided in such a manner as to cover the upper and lower surfaces of the sintered polarising electrode 2 and the gasket 4.
The gasket 4 is adhered to the collecting electrode 1 and the separator 3, and the collecting electrode 1 is made to contact the surface of the sintered polarising electrode 2.
The above-described adhesion is carried out by the use of an adhesive agent or the use of a heat melting process.
'~
202364;~
-Such an electrical double-layer capacitor cell is known, for example, from Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8753/1974 and No. 292612/1987.
However, a problem associated with the electrical double-layer capacitor cell using the above-described sintered polarising electrode 2 is that the contact resistance at the contact part A of the collecting electrode 1 and the sintered polarising electrode 2 is relatively high.
When the surface of the sintered polarising electrode 2 is seen at a microscopic level, it is uneven and active carbon particles are protruding at various points. On the other hand, the collecting electrode 1 is a rubber sheet wherein conductive particles are contained therein.
When both surfaces are brought into contact, the electrical resistance becomes small at the position where the protruding parts of the active carbon particles of the sintered polarising electrode 2 make contact with the conductive particles of the collecting electrode 1. However, at other regions where such contact does not happen, the electrical resistance becomes large. Due to this fact, the contact resistance of the whole contact part A cannot be made small at any rate.
The present invention has the object of solving the problem described above.
The object of the present invention is to diminish the resistance of the contact part of the collecting electrode and the sintered polarising electrode in an electrical double-layer capacitor cell.
In order to attain the above-described object, in the present invention, there is provided an electrical double-layer capacitor cell, in which the collecting electrode and the sintered polarising electrode are contacted via conductive metallic evaporated films formed on respective surfaces.
These and other objects of the invention will become more apparent in the detailed description and the following figures in which:
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the electrical double-layer capacitor cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the collecting electrode evaporated with a conductive metal;
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a sintered polarising electrode evaporated with a conductive metal; and Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a conventional electrical double-layer capacitor cell.
Fig. 1 shows an electrical double-layer capacitor cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. The reference numerals correspond to those of Fig. 4. Numeral 5 denotes a conductive metallic evaporated film formed on the surface of the collecting electrode 1, and numeral 6 denotes a conductive metallic evaporated film formed on the surface of the sintered polarising electrode 2.
The conductive metal to be evaporated can be any one of the following metals: gold (Au), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), etc. The evaporation is carried out by use of a vacuum evaporation equipment. The metal to be evaporated is put on an evaporating source filament or in a boat, and evaporation is carried out in a vacuum at an atmosphere of 5 x 10-4 to 5 x 10-5 mm Hg. The evaporated film may be formed only on the part where the collecting electrode 1 and the sintered polarising electrode 2 are in contact.
Since the conductive metallic evaporated film 5 firmly adheres to the active carbon particles of the surface of the collecting electrode 1, the electrical resistance between the active carbon particles and the conductive metal evaporated film 5 is negligibly small. The electrical resistance between the conductive particles on the surface of the sintered polarising electrode 2 and the conductive metal evaporated film 6 is similarly small. Also, the conductive metal evaporated films 5 and 6 provide generally smooth surfaces.
. ~ ,, As a result of the fact that the conductive metal evaporated film has been formed in the manner described above, the collecting electrode 1 and the sintered polarising electrode 2 have a smooth and uniformly extended conductive metal film on the surface of the contact part thereof. Since the contact between the collecting electrode 1 and the sintered polarising electrode 2 is carried out using conductive metal films, the contact resistance becomes extremely small.
~,.
Claims
1. An electrical double-layer capacitor having a collecting electrode and a polarising electrode which make contact with each other via a conductive metal layer formed between opposite surfaces of the electrodes, characterised in that the layer consists of two metal evaporated films each of which is formed on one of the opposite surfaces, the polarising electrode is in the form of a sintered, plate-like shaped body.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1224024A JPH0666229B2 (en) | 1989-08-30 | 1989-08-30 | Electric double layer capacitor |
| JP1-224024(P) | 1989-08-30 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2023642A1 CA2023642A1 (en) | 1991-03-01 |
| CA2023642C true CA2023642C (en) | 1995-10-24 |
Family
ID=16807395
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002023642A Expired - Fee Related CA2023642C (en) | 1989-08-30 | 1990-08-20 | Electrical double-layer capacitor |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5072336A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0415096B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH0666229B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR910005343A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1019923C (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2023642C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69010593T2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (33)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4111401A1 (en) * | 1991-04-09 | 1992-10-15 | Abb Patent Gmbh | CONDENSATION ARRANGEMENT |
| RU2099807C1 (en) * | 1993-02-16 | 1997-12-20 | Акционерное общество "Элит" | Capacitor with double electric layer |
| US5862035A (en) | 1994-10-07 | 1999-01-19 | Maxwell Energy Products, Inc. | Multi-electrode double layer capacitor having single electrolyte seal and aluminum-impregnated carbon cloth electrodes |
| US6233135B1 (en) | 1994-10-07 | 2001-05-15 | Maxwell Energy Products, Inc. | Multi-electrode double layer capacitor having single electrolyte seal and aluminum-impregnated carbon cloth electrodes |
| US5621607A (en) * | 1994-10-07 | 1997-04-15 | Maxwell Laboratories, Inc. | High performance double layer capacitors including aluminum carbon composite electrodes |
| US5600534A (en) * | 1995-10-12 | 1997-02-04 | Zbb Technologies, Inc. | Capacitor having non-conductive plastic frames |
| JP3341886B2 (en) | 1998-02-05 | 2002-11-05 | 日本電気株式会社 | Polarizing electrode, manufacturing method thereof, and electric double layer capacitor using the polarizing electrode |
| US7042708B1 (en) * | 1998-10-13 | 2006-05-09 | Selected Molecular Technologies Corporation | High capacitance energy storage device |
| US6449139B1 (en) | 1999-08-18 | 2002-09-10 | Maxwell Electronic Components Group, Inc. | Multi-electrode double layer capacitor having hermetic electrolyte seal |
| JP2001076971A (en) * | 1999-09-03 | 2001-03-23 | Nec Corp | Electric double-layer capacitor and manufacture of the same |
| US6631074B2 (en) | 2000-05-12 | 2003-10-07 | Maxwell Technologies, Inc. | Electrochemical double layer capacitor having carbon powder electrodes |
| JP2002064038A (en) * | 2000-08-18 | 2002-02-28 | Kyocera Corp | Electric double layer capacitor |
| US6813139B2 (en) * | 2001-11-02 | 2004-11-02 | Maxwell Technologies, Inc. | Electrochemical double layer capacitor having carbon powder electrodes |
| US6643119B2 (en) * | 2001-11-02 | 2003-11-04 | Maxwell Technologies, Inc. | Electrochemical double layer capacitor having carbon powder electrodes |
| US20030107852A1 (en) * | 2001-12-11 | 2003-06-12 | Zheng Chen | Electrochemical capacitor having low internal resistance |
| US7531267B2 (en) * | 2003-06-02 | 2009-05-12 | Kh Chemicals Co., Ltd. | Process for preparing carbon nanotube electrode comprising sulfur or metal nanoparticles as a binder |
| US7791860B2 (en) | 2003-07-09 | 2010-09-07 | Maxwell Technologies, Inc. | Particle based electrodes and methods of making same |
| US7352558B2 (en) | 2003-07-09 | 2008-04-01 | Maxwell Technologies, Inc. | Dry particle based capacitor and methods of making same |
| US20070122698A1 (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2007-05-31 | Maxwell Technologies, Inc. | Dry-particle based adhesive and dry film and methods of making same |
| US20060147712A1 (en) * | 2003-07-09 | 2006-07-06 | Maxwell Technologies, Inc. | Dry particle based adhesive electrode and methods of making same |
| US7920371B2 (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2011-04-05 | Maxwell Technologies, Inc. | Electrical energy storage devices with separator between electrodes and methods for fabricating the devices |
| US7090946B2 (en) | 2004-02-19 | 2006-08-15 | Maxwell Technologies, Inc. | Composite electrode and method for fabricating same |
| US7440258B2 (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2008-10-21 | Maxwell Technologies, Inc. | Thermal interconnects for coupling energy storage devices |
| JP2008544543A (en) | 2005-06-24 | 2008-12-04 | ユニバーサル・スーパーキャパシターズ・エルエルシー | Heterogeneous electrochemical supercapacitor and method for producing the same |
| EP1894215A1 (en) | 2005-06-24 | 2008-03-05 | Universal Supercapacitors Llc. | Current collector for double electric layer electrochemical capacitors and method of manufacture thereof |
| RU2381586C2 (en) | 2005-06-24 | 2010-02-10 | ЮНИВЕРСАЛ СУПЕРКАПАСИТОРЗ ЭлЭлСи | Electrode and current collector for electrochemical capacitor with double electric layer, and electrochemical capacitor with double electric layer made thereof |
| US7692411B2 (en) | 2006-01-05 | 2010-04-06 | Tpl, Inc. | System for energy harvesting and/or generation, storage, and delivery |
| US7864507B2 (en) | 2006-09-06 | 2011-01-04 | Tpl, Inc. | Capacitors with low equivalent series resistance |
| US7919014B2 (en) | 2006-11-27 | 2011-04-05 | Universal Supercapacitors Llc | Electrode for use with double electric layer electrochemical capacitors having high specific parameters |
| US8472163B2 (en) | 2007-02-19 | 2013-06-25 | Universal Supercapacitors Llc | Negative electrode current collector for heterogeneous electrochemical capacitor and method of manufacture thereof |
| US20080235944A1 (en) * | 2007-03-31 | 2008-10-02 | John Miller | Method of making a corrugated electrode core terminal interface |
| US20080241656A1 (en) * | 2007-03-31 | 2008-10-02 | John Miller | Corrugated electrode core terminal interface apparatus and article of manufacture |
| KR101539906B1 (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-07-28 | 성균관대학교산학협력단 | Electrode structure for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery having the electrode structure |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3652902A (en) * | 1969-06-30 | 1972-03-28 | Ibm | Electrochemical double layer capacitor |
| JPS5950207B2 (en) * | 1979-11-14 | 1984-12-07 | マルコン電子株式会社 | Manufacturing method of electric double layer capacitor |
| WO1984000246A1 (en) * | 1982-06-30 | 1984-01-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Double electric layer capacitor |
| JPS60167410A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1985-08-30 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Electric double layer capacitor |
| JPS60235419A (en) * | 1984-05-08 | 1985-11-22 | エルナ−株式会社 | Electric double layer capacitor |
| JPS63186414A (en) * | 1987-01-28 | 1988-08-02 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Electric double-layer capacitor |
-
1989
- 1989-08-30 JP JP1224024A patent/JPH0666229B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-07-27 DE DE69010593T patent/DE69010593T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-07-27 EP EP90114514A patent/EP0415096B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-07-30 US US07/559,341 patent/US5072336A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-08-10 KR KR1019900012338A patent/KR910005343A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-08-20 CN CN90107187A patent/CN1019923C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-08-20 CA CA002023642A patent/CA2023642C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2023642A1 (en) | 1991-03-01 |
| EP0415096A2 (en) | 1991-03-06 |
| EP0415096B1 (en) | 1994-07-13 |
| US5072336A (en) | 1991-12-10 |
| JPH0387010A (en) | 1991-04-11 |
| KR910005343A (en) | 1991-03-30 |
| JPH0666229B2 (en) | 1994-08-24 |
| EP0415096A3 (en) | 1991-07-31 |
| CN1019923C (en) | 1993-02-17 |
| DE69010593D1 (en) | 1994-08-18 |
| CN1049933A (en) | 1991-03-13 |
| DE69010593T2 (en) | 1995-03-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |