CA2075338C - Multiple-duct tube for centrifugal blood separators and method of making the same - Google Patents
Multiple-duct tube for centrifugal blood separators and method of making the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2075338C CA2075338C CA002075338A CA2075338A CA2075338C CA 2075338 C CA2075338 C CA 2075338C CA 002075338 A CA002075338 A CA 002075338A CA 2075338 A CA2075338 A CA 2075338A CA 2075338 C CA2075338 C CA 2075338C
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- Prior art keywords
- tube
- ducts
- blood
- connector
- duct
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
- F16L9/18—Double-walled pipes; Multi-channel pipes or pipe assemblies
- F16L9/19—Multi-channel pipes or pipe assemblies
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3693—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits using separation based on different densities of components, e.g. centrifuging
- A61M1/3696—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits using separation based on different densities of components, e.g. centrifuging with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
- A61M39/08—Tubes; Storage means specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
- B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
- B04B5/0442—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
- A61M39/08—Tubes; Storage means specially adapted therefor
- A61M2039/082—Multi-lumen tubes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
- A61M39/10—Tube connectors; Tube couplings
- A61M39/105—Multi-channel connectors or couplings, e.g. for connecting multi-lumen tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
- B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
- B04B5/0442—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
- B04B2005/0492—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation with fluid conveying umbilicus between stationary and rotary centrifuge parts
Abstract
The multiple-duct tube for centrifugal separators for blood in particular, suitable for connecting a rotating connector to a stationary connector comprises, in a monolithic structure, a plurality of ducts which have parallel axes. The outer surface of the tube is defined by blended portions of walls of the peripheral ducts, so as to assume a lobate shape in a transverse cross-section.
Description
The present invention relates to a multiple-duct tube or tube assembly for centrifugal separators for blood in particular. The invention also relates to an apparatus embodying such tube and a method for making such tube.
It is known that many processes which aim to separate different components of a substance are performed by centrifuging the substance itself: this is the case, for example, of blood, which is centrifuged in order to separate various components, such as platelets, plasma and red cells, from whole blood.
Many types of centrifugal separators have been proposed, and one of these is disclosed in US patent No.
It is known that many processes which aim to separate different components of a substance are performed by centrifuging the substance itself: this is the case, for example, of blood, which is centrifuged in order to separate various components, such as platelets, plasma and red cells, from whole blood.
Many types of centrifugal separators have been proposed, and one of these is disclosed in US patent No.
3,586,413 granted to ~rdams.
In this type of separator, the multiple-duct tube, which is thus termed since it comprises a plurality of ducts in which the whole blood and the components separated therefrom by centrifugal action is conveyed, and are arranged so as to connect a connector associated with the rotating part of the machine, to a stationary connector, is 2o rotated about the axis of rotation of the centrifugal separator at a rate equal to half the rotation rate of said separator. Branch lines extend from and are variously connected to the stationary connector for conveying blood or blood components to containers or to intracorporeal z5 circulation.
This avoids the twisting of said tube despite the absence of rotating seals of the same on the terminal 20~~338 connectors. This fact is highly positive, since elimination of the rotating seals determines a saving in costs and eliminates the risk of contamination of the processed fluids .
The multiple-duct tube comprised in the described separator, also called "umbilical tube", is typically arranged in a curve which makes it resemble an inverted question mark. During operation, this tube is subjected to combined fatigue stress in 'which, besides flexure and tortion, the tensile stress due to the action of the centrifugal force is present. This stress can reach even very high values in view of the necessary high rotation rates.
The known art has proposed several different methods for manufacturing umbilical tubes capable of withstanding the stresses without undergoing mishaps.
US patent No. 4,906,496 discloses two coaxial tubes faith circular walls where the inner tube is kept separate by three dividing elements, so as to define four ducts, three 2o peripheral ones and a central one.
US patent No. 4,741,593 discloses three tubes kept parallel inside a sheath, providing a non-monolithic structure; a non-monolithic structure is also disclosed in US patent No. 4,865,081.
There is also a type of umbilical tube in which four tubes, mutually joined at a generatrix, are jacketed proximate to their ends and are wrapped by a sheath at their intermediate portion.
In US patents No. 4,108,353, No. 4,109,852 and No.
In this type of separator, the multiple-duct tube, which is thus termed since it comprises a plurality of ducts in which the whole blood and the components separated therefrom by centrifugal action is conveyed, and are arranged so as to connect a connector associated with the rotating part of the machine, to a stationary connector, is 2o rotated about the axis of rotation of the centrifugal separator at a rate equal to half the rotation rate of said separator. Branch lines extend from and are variously connected to the stationary connector for conveying blood or blood components to containers or to intracorporeal z5 circulation.
This avoids the twisting of said tube despite the absence of rotating seals of the same on the terminal 20~~338 connectors. This fact is highly positive, since elimination of the rotating seals determines a saving in costs and eliminates the risk of contamination of the processed fluids .
The multiple-duct tube comprised in the described separator, also called "umbilical tube", is typically arranged in a curve which makes it resemble an inverted question mark. During operation, this tube is subjected to combined fatigue stress in 'which, besides flexure and tortion, the tensile stress due to the action of the centrifugal force is present. This stress can reach even very high values in view of the necessary high rotation rates.
The known art has proposed several different methods for manufacturing umbilical tubes capable of withstanding the stresses without undergoing mishaps.
US patent No. 4,906,496 discloses two coaxial tubes faith circular walls where the inner tube is kept separate by three dividing elements, so as to define four ducts, three 2o peripheral ones and a central one.
US patent No. 4,741,593 discloses three tubes kept parallel inside a sheath, providing a non-monolithic structure; a non-monolithic structure is also disclosed in US patent No. 4,865,081.
There is also a type of umbilical tube in which four tubes, mutually joined at a generatrix, are jacketed proximate to their ends and are wrapped by a sheath at their intermediate portion.
In US patents No. 4,108,353, No. 4,109,852 and No.
4,164,318 there is shown an umbilical tube comprising a 2~'~5338 plurality of ducts within a monolithic structure which has a perfectly circular perimeter in a transverse cross-section a.nd is provided with tapered reinforcements at its ends.
The umbilical tube disclosed in US patents No.
4,389,206, No. 4,389,207 and No. 4,459,169 comprises four plait-wound tubes rigidly associated by glueing.
However, all of the above umbilical tubes have drawbacks. In particular, all have a constructive complexity which arises from the need to give them the necessary stress 1o resistance. This leads to an excessive cost for an element which, as is known, is intended to be used only once. Even despite the constructive complexity, the desired stress resistance is not always achieved in a fully satisfactory manner.
Attempts to reinforce umbilical tubes having a monolithic extruded structure by using glass or carbon fibers have also not yielded the expected results.
The aim of the present invention is therefore to provide a multiple-duct tube for centrifugal separators for 2o blood in particular, which is capable of withstanding the stresses to which it is subjected during operation, while at the same time eliminating the structural complexity of prior structures.
A further aim is to provide a multiple-duct tube which 26 offers great reliability in operation and is capable of being manufactured at a very limited production cost.
Still further aims include providing an improved blood separator embodying such a tube and a method of making the tube.
In one as~~ect, ttoe pr-e=s~erat a.rm~nt=ion provides a centrifugal blood ;;eparat o.r c:ompr:~~,:;:.nq a rotating plate having an axis of rotatic>r~ ai.~oi:~t. whicha the plate rotates, a blood container removably coupled to the rotating plate, a 5 first connector connected to the rc.atating plate, a plurality of lines connected between tyre blood container and the first connector for conveyira::; b_i.ood components, a second stationary connec::tor spaced ,-3pax:t frc7rn the first connector along the axis of rotation c::f: t:.he rotating plate, and a tube connected between tl-ne i:.irst <~nd second connectors, the tube being mono7.:; tti:i c along its entire length between the first and second connectors and having a central axis and a plurality of lobes spaced peripherally about the central axis forming a mutt iloksate c>uter wall in I5 a transverse cross-section, erich l.ok::~e r~avi.ng a duct for conveying a blood carnponent-., eac:ti duct: having an axis parallel t.o the central axs.
In another aspect, the ~.nventic:~n ~:~rovides multiple duct tube for connect i.ng a rotai: z ng connector to a stationary connector in a centrifugal se~~arator for blood, the tube being monolitrui~ along ir::.s Fantire length and comprising a plurality of ducts whic:~h have mutually parallel axes, the plura.lit.y of c:~uct: comprising at least three peripheral ducts, the peripheraa.. ducts having centers distributed along a ci_xo-umierenc:.F~, t:h~=~ outer surface of the tube being defined by portions of walls of the peripheral ducts, the portions of wall being mutually radiused so as to assume a lobate shape ire a tranaver~.~e cross-section.
In a further aspect, the invention provides a centrifugal separator fo:r blood c~::>rnpr.ising a rotating member for separating b_!-ood comporof_~nt:: by centrifugal force, a first connec:t:or jo:inec~ t o tlvf_ r:~otati.zg member, a second connector spaced frorrr the fi.t:vst connector, and a ~a multiple-duct tube connecte<~ with, ~-end extending between, the first and second connect=ors, the tul;:,e being monolithic along its entire length arid comprisirnct a plurality of ducts for conveying blood components, r.hic.~ plurality of ducts having mutually paral:Lel axes and c~_~rr~.L>ri.vinc~ at least three peripheral ducts, the peripheral ~::~ucts having centers distributed along a circumference, the outer surface of the tube being defined by r~ortic~ns of walls of the peripheral ducts, the portions of wall being mutually radi.used so as i.o assume a lobate shapE: in ar t.ra:~r~sver.se c;~ross-section.
Advantageously, t:lv,e multil::>le-c:.~uca tube is characterized in that the rnonolith:ic structure is manufactured by extrusion with a matawial which withstands j_atigue stresses, is blood-cornpatiaitJ arud is adapted for allowing glueing the tube c,n coat i.g~.o~us elements made of PVC, constituted for e~:amLele by a mi_xt:urce of 30-40'o F?VC by weight and polyether-amide with a=lt:cr.u,~t:irag sequences.
Further characterist.LCs and a<~vantages will become apparent from the description of same preferred but not exclusive embodiments of t=he mu_Ltiple-duc~.t tube, according to the present invention, ii.lust_:rat.eci on:Ly by way of non-l.imi.tative example in the crccornpanyi.nc-~ ,~r~:~w.ings.
Figure 1 is a schematic view c~f a centrifugal separator, merely by way of referrenc:-e, in order to show the arrangement of an umbilica_ tube.
Figure 2 is a view c~:f the umba l i.~:va l tube ac. cording t.o the invention, comprised betwec>n tl~e two terminal connectors connected to contiguous ela:,ments.
Figure 3 is a tran.~ver~e ~sec.-.t icanal view of the tube according to the invention, taken along the plane III-III of 20'5338 f figure 2 .
Figure 4 is a transverse sectional view of an umbilical tube according to a further embodiment.
With reference to the above Figures 1, 2 and 3, the reference numeral 1 generally indicates the umbilical tube connecting the connector 2 to the stationary connector 4.
The connector 2 is joined to the rotating plate 3 of the centrifugal machine, which rotates at a rate 2n, while the tube 1 is rotated at a rate n, equal to half the speed of the plate 3. The tube 1 is rotated by the bush 5 rigidly associated with the part 6 of the centrifugal machine, which is supported by the base 7 rotating exactly at said rate n.
This known situation allows, as mentioned, to eliminate rotating seals without thereby causing the umbilical tube 1 ~.5 to twist, said tube being retained in position by the bush 8 which is supported by the arm 8a freely mounted on a rotation axis which coincides with the rotation axis of the machine.
To complete the description of known parts, it should be noted that the rotating connector 2 receives four lines Via, 9b, 9c and 9d which are connected to the blood containment belt 10 intended to be inserted in the slot 11 of the rotating plate 3. It is also noted that the lines 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d branch from the stationary connector 4 for the conveyance respectively of platelets, whole blood, plasma and red cells to containers or to a patient.
The above description is of a centrifugal separator of the type to which the tube of the present invention has particular applicability. A further typical separator is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,586,413.
The multiple-duct tube or tube assembly 1 according to the invention comprises, in an extruded monolithic structure manufactured with a material described hereinafter, four ducts which have parallel axes and circular cross-sections.
These ducts provide far the conveyance of the four above mentioned blood components. Mare precisely, the ducts of the embodiment of Figure 3 include a central duct 13 and three peripheral ducts 14, 15 and 16. The ducts 14,15 and 16 are to defined in part by tube wall portions 14a, 15a and 1,6a, respectively which blend at 17a, 1?b and 17c, to form the trilobate shape of the perimeter of the outer surface of the tube 1.
In a particular embodiment, the cross-section of Figure 3 has been given proportions such as to provide a diameter of the duct 13 equal to 1.5 mm and a diameter of the peripheral ducts 14,15 and 16 equal to 2.5 mm with an outer tube wall thickness of about 1 mm. Preferably the ducts 14,15 and 16 are arranged with the centers evenly distributed on a circumference of a diameter equal to about 5.7 mm. Finally, the preferred embodiment shows the diameter of the generally circular arcs 17a, 17b and 17c to be equal to 3 mm, with the centers of said circular arcs being distributed on a circumference which has a diameter of about 8.5 mm.
The material extruded in order to obtain the monolithic structure of the tube 1 is advantageously constituted by a mixture of PVC of the type commercially known as APIFLEX T85 FC, which has a hardness of 85 Share A, with polyether-amide ~~'~53~~
with alternating sequences of the type commercially known as PEBAX 3533 SA 00, which has a hardness of 35 Shore D.
This material ensures good resistance to the combined fatigue stress which is typical of the umbilical tube during operation, is blood-compatible, and is furthermore suitable for allowing the glueing of the tube 1 to the contiguous lines made of PVC.
From what has been described, the extreme simplicity of the invention is evident; said invention is obtained by extrusion in its final shape, no further treatment being required, and the weight reduction which derives from the lobate shape of the cross-section leads to a reduction in the tensile stress produced by centrifugal action, allowing the multiple-duct tube according to the invention to operate without risk of mishaps.
Advantageously, the tube according to the invention comprises a central duct 13 or drain with an axis which substantially coincides with the axis of said tube, but a further embodiment of the type illustrated in Figure 4 is 2o also contemplated. According to this embodiment, the umbilical tube comprises four peripheral ducts such as 18 which define, with portions of their respective walls such as 18a, conveniently blended as in 19, a shape of the outer surface of the tube having the quadrilobate perimeter shown in the transverse cross-section of said Figure 4.
The preferred embodiment of the invention described above is susceptible to numerous modifications and variations, all of which are intended to fall within the scope of the inventive concept. For example, the embodiments of Figures 3 and 4 show a multiple-duct tube With four 2~7~3~~
The umbilical tube disclosed in US patents No.
4,389,206, No. 4,389,207 and No. 4,459,169 comprises four plait-wound tubes rigidly associated by glueing.
However, all of the above umbilical tubes have drawbacks. In particular, all have a constructive complexity which arises from the need to give them the necessary stress 1o resistance. This leads to an excessive cost for an element which, as is known, is intended to be used only once. Even despite the constructive complexity, the desired stress resistance is not always achieved in a fully satisfactory manner.
Attempts to reinforce umbilical tubes having a monolithic extruded structure by using glass or carbon fibers have also not yielded the expected results.
The aim of the present invention is therefore to provide a multiple-duct tube for centrifugal separators for 2o blood in particular, which is capable of withstanding the stresses to which it is subjected during operation, while at the same time eliminating the structural complexity of prior structures.
A further aim is to provide a multiple-duct tube which 26 offers great reliability in operation and is capable of being manufactured at a very limited production cost.
Still further aims include providing an improved blood separator embodying such a tube and a method of making the tube.
In one as~~ect, ttoe pr-e=s~erat a.rm~nt=ion provides a centrifugal blood ;;eparat o.r c:ompr:~~,:;:.nq a rotating plate having an axis of rotatic>r~ ai.~oi:~t. whicha the plate rotates, a blood container removably coupled to the rotating plate, a 5 first connector connected to the rc.atating plate, a plurality of lines connected between tyre blood container and the first connector for conveyira::; b_i.ood components, a second stationary connec::tor spaced ,-3pax:t frc7rn the first connector along the axis of rotation c::f: t:.he rotating plate, and a tube connected between tl-ne i:.irst <~nd second connectors, the tube being mono7.:; tti:i c along its entire length between the first and second connectors and having a central axis and a plurality of lobes spaced peripherally about the central axis forming a mutt iloksate c>uter wall in I5 a transverse cross-section, erich l.ok::~e r~avi.ng a duct for conveying a blood carnponent-., eac:ti duct: having an axis parallel t.o the central axs.
In another aspect, the ~.nventic:~n ~:~rovides multiple duct tube for connect i.ng a rotai: z ng connector to a stationary connector in a centrifugal se~~arator for blood, the tube being monolitrui~ along ir::.s Fantire length and comprising a plurality of ducts whic:~h have mutually parallel axes, the plura.lit.y of c:~uct: comprising at least three peripheral ducts, the peripheraa.. ducts having centers distributed along a ci_xo-umierenc:.F~, t:h~=~ outer surface of the tube being defined by portions of walls of the peripheral ducts, the portions of wall being mutually radiused so as to assume a lobate shape ire a tranaver~.~e cross-section.
In a further aspect, the invention provides a centrifugal separator fo:r blood c~::>rnpr.ising a rotating member for separating b_!-ood comporof_~nt:: by centrifugal force, a first connec:t:or jo:inec~ t o tlvf_ r:~otati.zg member, a second connector spaced frorrr the fi.t:vst connector, and a ~a multiple-duct tube connecte<~ with, ~-end extending between, the first and second connect=ors, the tul;:,e being monolithic along its entire length arid comprisirnct a plurality of ducts for conveying blood components, r.hic.~ plurality of ducts having mutually paral:Lel axes and c~_~rr~.L>ri.vinc~ at least three peripheral ducts, the peripheral ~::~ucts having centers distributed along a circumference, the outer surface of the tube being defined by r~ortic~ns of walls of the peripheral ducts, the portions of wall being mutually radi.used so as i.o assume a lobate shapE: in ar t.ra:~r~sver.se c;~ross-section.
Advantageously, t:lv,e multil::>le-c:.~uca tube is characterized in that the rnonolith:ic structure is manufactured by extrusion with a matawial which withstands j_atigue stresses, is blood-cornpatiaitJ arud is adapted for allowing glueing the tube c,n coat i.g~.o~us elements made of PVC, constituted for e~:amLele by a mi_xt:urce of 30-40'o F?VC by weight and polyether-amide with a=lt:cr.u,~t:irag sequences.
Further characterist.LCs and a<~vantages will become apparent from the description of same preferred but not exclusive embodiments of t=he mu_Ltiple-duc~.t tube, according to the present invention, ii.lust_:rat.eci on:Ly by way of non-l.imi.tative example in the crccornpanyi.nc-~ ,~r~:~w.ings.
Figure 1 is a schematic view c~f a centrifugal separator, merely by way of referrenc:-e, in order to show the arrangement of an umbilica_ tube.
Figure 2 is a view c~:f the umba l i.~:va l tube ac. cording t.o the invention, comprised betwec>n tl~e two terminal connectors connected to contiguous ela:,ments.
Figure 3 is a tran.~ver~e ~sec.-.t icanal view of the tube according to the invention, taken along the plane III-III of 20'5338 f figure 2 .
Figure 4 is a transverse sectional view of an umbilical tube according to a further embodiment.
With reference to the above Figures 1, 2 and 3, the reference numeral 1 generally indicates the umbilical tube connecting the connector 2 to the stationary connector 4.
The connector 2 is joined to the rotating plate 3 of the centrifugal machine, which rotates at a rate 2n, while the tube 1 is rotated at a rate n, equal to half the speed of the plate 3. The tube 1 is rotated by the bush 5 rigidly associated with the part 6 of the centrifugal machine, which is supported by the base 7 rotating exactly at said rate n.
This known situation allows, as mentioned, to eliminate rotating seals without thereby causing the umbilical tube 1 ~.5 to twist, said tube being retained in position by the bush 8 which is supported by the arm 8a freely mounted on a rotation axis which coincides with the rotation axis of the machine.
To complete the description of known parts, it should be noted that the rotating connector 2 receives four lines Via, 9b, 9c and 9d which are connected to the blood containment belt 10 intended to be inserted in the slot 11 of the rotating plate 3. It is also noted that the lines 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d branch from the stationary connector 4 for the conveyance respectively of platelets, whole blood, plasma and red cells to containers or to a patient.
The above description is of a centrifugal separator of the type to which the tube of the present invention has particular applicability. A further typical separator is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,586,413.
The multiple-duct tube or tube assembly 1 according to the invention comprises, in an extruded monolithic structure manufactured with a material described hereinafter, four ducts which have parallel axes and circular cross-sections.
These ducts provide far the conveyance of the four above mentioned blood components. Mare precisely, the ducts of the embodiment of Figure 3 include a central duct 13 and three peripheral ducts 14, 15 and 16. The ducts 14,15 and 16 are to defined in part by tube wall portions 14a, 15a and 1,6a, respectively which blend at 17a, 1?b and 17c, to form the trilobate shape of the perimeter of the outer surface of the tube 1.
In a particular embodiment, the cross-section of Figure 3 has been given proportions such as to provide a diameter of the duct 13 equal to 1.5 mm and a diameter of the peripheral ducts 14,15 and 16 equal to 2.5 mm with an outer tube wall thickness of about 1 mm. Preferably the ducts 14,15 and 16 are arranged with the centers evenly distributed on a circumference of a diameter equal to about 5.7 mm. Finally, the preferred embodiment shows the diameter of the generally circular arcs 17a, 17b and 17c to be equal to 3 mm, with the centers of said circular arcs being distributed on a circumference which has a diameter of about 8.5 mm.
The material extruded in order to obtain the monolithic structure of the tube 1 is advantageously constituted by a mixture of PVC of the type commercially known as APIFLEX T85 FC, which has a hardness of 85 Share A, with polyether-amide ~~'~53~~
with alternating sequences of the type commercially known as PEBAX 3533 SA 00, which has a hardness of 35 Shore D.
This material ensures good resistance to the combined fatigue stress which is typical of the umbilical tube during operation, is blood-compatible, and is furthermore suitable for allowing the glueing of the tube 1 to the contiguous lines made of PVC.
From what has been described, the extreme simplicity of the invention is evident; said invention is obtained by extrusion in its final shape, no further treatment being required, and the weight reduction which derives from the lobate shape of the cross-section leads to a reduction in the tensile stress produced by centrifugal action, allowing the multiple-duct tube according to the invention to operate without risk of mishaps.
Advantageously, the tube according to the invention comprises a central duct 13 or drain with an axis which substantially coincides with the axis of said tube, but a further embodiment of the type illustrated in Figure 4 is 2o also contemplated. According to this embodiment, the umbilical tube comprises four peripheral ducts such as 18 which define, with portions of their respective walls such as 18a, conveniently blended as in 19, a shape of the outer surface of the tube having the quadrilobate perimeter shown in the transverse cross-section of said Figure 4.
The preferred embodiment of the invention described above is susceptible to numerous modifications and variations, all of which are intended to fall within the scope of the inventive concept. For example, the embodiments of Figures 3 and 4 show a multiple-duct tube With four 2~7~3~~
ducts: however, it is contemplated that the advantages of the present invention can also be met with any number of ducts.
Further, each of the preferred embodiments of Figures 3 and 4 disclose a cross-section in which the lobate configuration shows a plurality of lobes which are generally equally or symmetrically spaced around the periphery of the tube. While this is the preferred structure, it is contemplated that the advantages of the present invention can be realized with a lobate structure in which the lobes are not equally spaced or are not necessarily of the same dimension. Still further, the preferred embodiments of Figures 3 and 4 show the individual lobes being blended together With an internal radius of curvature. It is contemplated, however, that adjacent lobes could be joined at a single point With no such radius of curvature.
Still further, in the description of the preferred embodiment, the present invention has been referred to as a multiple-duct tube having a plurality of ducts. It is contemplated that the invention can also be described as a tube assembly comprised of a plurality of elongated tube portions each having a duct defined by a tube wall. In such structure, each of the tube portions has a portion of its tube wall integrally joined to the tube wall of at least one adjacent tube portion, with the tube walls of a plurality of the tube portions defining the outer surface of the tube assembly to provide the generally lobate cross-sectional conf iguration .
Finally, in addition to the improved multiple-duct tube s0 or tube assembly, the present invention also contemplates an ~0'~5338 improved blood separator embodying the above described multiple-duct tube as well as a method of making the tube.
5>uch method includes preparing an extrusion head fox forming ~ plurality of tube portions and extruding a selected material through such head to form the tube assembly in which each tube portion has a rortion of its fi»hP waif joined with the tube wall of at least one adjacent tube portion throughout its entire length. The method further includes extruding the material to form the tube assembly of indefinite length having a generally lobate cross-sectional configuration. The extruded tube assembly is then cut into desired lengths.
Although the description of the preferred embodiments has been quite specific, it is contemplated that various modificatians could be made, including those described above, Without deviating from the spirit of the present invention. Accordingly, it is contemplated that the scope of the present invention be dictated by the appended claims rather than by the description of the preferred embodiment.
Further, each of the preferred embodiments of Figures 3 and 4 disclose a cross-section in which the lobate configuration shows a plurality of lobes which are generally equally or symmetrically spaced around the periphery of the tube. While this is the preferred structure, it is contemplated that the advantages of the present invention can be realized with a lobate structure in which the lobes are not equally spaced or are not necessarily of the same dimension. Still further, the preferred embodiments of Figures 3 and 4 show the individual lobes being blended together With an internal radius of curvature. It is contemplated, however, that adjacent lobes could be joined at a single point With no such radius of curvature.
Still further, in the description of the preferred embodiment, the present invention has been referred to as a multiple-duct tube having a plurality of ducts. It is contemplated that the invention can also be described as a tube assembly comprised of a plurality of elongated tube portions each having a duct defined by a tube wall. In such structure, each of the tube portions has a portion of its tube wall integrally joined to the tube wall of at least one adjacent tube portion, with the tube walls of a plurality of the tube portions defining the outer surface of the tube assembly to provide the generally lobate cross-sectional conf iguration .
Finally, in addition to the improved multiple-duct tube s0 or tube assembly, the present invention also contemplates an ~0'~5338 improved blood separator embodying the above described multiple-duct tube as well as a method of making the tube.
5>uch method includes preparing an extrusion head fox forming ~ plurality of tube portions and extruding a selected material through such head to form the tube assembly in which each tube portion has a rortion of its fi»hP waif joined with the tube wall of at least one adjacent tube portion throughout its entire length. The method further includes extruding the material to form the tube assembly of indefinite length having a generally lobate cross-sectional configuration. The extruded tube assembly is then cut into desired lengths.
Although the description of the preferred embodiments has been quite specific, it is contemplated that various modificatians could be made, including those described above, Without deviating from the spirit of the present invention. Accordingly, it is contemplated that the scope of the present invention be dictated by the appended claims rather than by the description of the preferred embodiment.
Claims (18)
1. A centrifugal blood separator comprising:
a rotating plate having an axis of rotation about which the plate rotates;
a blood container removably coupled to the rotating plate;
a first connector connected to the rotating plate;
a plurality of lines connected between the blood container and the first connector for conveying blood components;
a second stationary connector spaced apart from the first connector along the axis of rotation of the rotating plate;
and a tube connected between the first and second connectors, the tube being monolithic along its entire length between the first and second connectors and having a central axis and a plurality of lobes spaced peripherally about the central axis forming a multilobate outer wall in a transverse cross-section, each lobe having a duct for conveying a blood component, each duct having an axis parallel to the central axis.
a rotating plate having an axis of rotation about which the plate rotates;
a blood container removably coupled to the rotating plate;
a first connector connected to the rotating plate;
a plurality of lines connected between the blood container and the first connector for conveying blood components;
a second stationary connector spaced apart from the first connector along the axis of rotation of the rotating plate;
and a tube connected between the first and second connectors, the tube being monolithic along its entire length between the first and second connectors and having a central axis and a plurality of lobes spaced peripherally about the central axis forming a multilobate outer wall in a transverse cross-section, each lobe having a duct for conveying a blood component, each duct having an axis parallel to the central axis.
2. The centrifugal blood separator of claim 1, wherein there are three lobes and three ducts.
3. The centrifugal blood separator of claim 1, wherein there are four lobes and four ducts.
4 . The centrifugal blood separator of claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising a central duct coaxial with the central axis of the tube for conveying a blood component.
5. The centrifugal blood separator of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the ducts have a circular cross-section.
6. The centrifugal blood separator of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the tube is extruded from a material which is resistant to fatigue stress, is blood compatible, and can be glued to elements made of polyvinyl chloride.
7. The centrifugal blood separator of claim 6, wherein the material is a mixture of 30-40% polyvinyl chloride by weight and polyether-amide with alternating sequences.
8. Multiple-duct tube for connecting a rotating connector to a stationary connector in a centrifugal separator for blood, said tube being monolithic along its entire length and comprising a plurality of ducts which have mutually parallel axes, said plurality of ducts comprising at least three peripheral ducts, said peripheral ducts having centers distributed along a circumference, the outer surface of the tube being defined by portions of walls of the peripheral ducts, said portions of wall being mutually radiused so as to assume a lobate shape ire a transverse cross-section.
9. Tube according to claim 8, wherein the ducts have a circular cross-section.
10. Tube according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the portions of walls of the peripheral ducts defining the outer surface of the tube have a constant thickness.
11. Tube according to claim 8, 9, or 10, comprising a duct, the axis of which substantially coincides with the axis of said tube.
12. Tube according to any one of claims 8 to 11, comprising a central duct and three peripheral ducts which define, with portions of the respective walls which are mutually radiused, a trilobate shaped of the outer surface of the tube in a transverse cross-section.
13. Tube according to claim 12, wherein the central duct has a diameter of about 1.5 mm, the three peripheral ducts have a diameter of about 2.5 mm and a wall thickness of about 1 mm, said circumference along which said centers of
14 said peripheral ducts are uniformly distributed has a diameter of about 5.7 mm, the walls of said peripheral ducts being mutually radiused by means of circular arcs having a diameter of about 3 mm and centered along a circumference with a diameter of about 8.5 mm.
14. Tube according to any one of claims 8 to 11, comprising four peripheral ducts which hale centers uniformly distributed along circumference and define, by means of portions of their respective walls which are mutually radiused, a quadrilobate shape of the outer surface of the tube in a transverse coss-section.
14. Tube according to any one of claims 8 to 11, comprising four peripheral ducts which hale centers uniformly distributed along circumference and define, by means of portions of their respective walls which are mutually radiused, a quadrilobate shape of the outer surface of the tube in a transverse coss-section.
15. Tube according to any one of claims 8 to 14, wherein the monolithic tube is extruded from a material which is resistant to fatigue stress, is blood-compatible, and can be glued to elements made of polyvinyl chloride.
16. Tube according to claim 15, wherein the material is a mixture of 30-40% polyvinyl chloride by weight and polyether-amide with alternating sequences.
17. Tube according to claim 16, wherein the polyvinyl chloride is of the type commercially known as APIFLEX TM T85 FC and the polyether-amide is of the type commercially known as PEBAX TH 3533 SA 00.
18. A centrifugal separator for blood comprising:
a rotating member for separating blood components by centrifugal force;
a first connector joined to said rotating member;
a second connector spaced from said first connector; and a multiple-duct tube connected with, and extending between, said first and second connectors, said tube being monolithic along its entire length and comprising a plurality of ducts for conveying blood components, said plurality of ducts having mutually parallel axes and comprising at least three peripheral ducts, said peripheral ducts having centers distributed along a circumference, the outer surface of the tube being defined by portions of walls of the peripheral ducts, said portions of wall being mutually radiused so as to assume a lobate shape in a transverse cross-section.
a rotating member for separating blood components by centrifugal force;
a first connector joined to said rotating member;
a second connector spaced from said first connector; and a multiple-duct tube connected with, and extending between, said first and second connectors, said tube being monolithic along its entire length and comprising a plurality of ducts for conveying blood components, said plurality of ducts having mutually parallel axes and comprising at least three peripheral ducts, said peripheral ducts having centers distributed along a circumference, the outer surface of the tube being defined by portions of walls of the peripheral ducts, said portions of wall being mutually radiused so as to assume a lobate shape in a transverse cross-section.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITMI91A002203 | 1991-08-05 | ||
| ITMI912203A IT1251147B (en) | 1991-08-05 | 1991-08-05 | MULTILUME TUBE FOR CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR PARTICULARLY FOR BLOOD |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2075338A1 CA2075338A1 (en) | 1993-02-06 |
| CA2075338C true CA2075338C (en) | 2003-07-29 |
Family
ID=11360534
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002075338A Expired - Fee Related CA2075338C (en) | 1991-08-05 | 1992-08-05 | Multiple-duct tube for centrifugal blood separators and method of making the same |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5501840A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0526869B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH05200109A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE143832T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU654866B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2075338C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69214382T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0526869T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2093149T3 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1251147B (en) |
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-
1991
- 1991-08-05 IT ITMI912203A patent/IT1251147B/en active IP Right Grant
-
1992
- 1992-08-03 ES ES92113226T patent/ES2093149T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-08-03 EP EP92113226A patent/EP0526869B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-08-03 DK DK92113226.2T patent/DK0526869T3/en active
- 1992-08-03 AT AT92113226T patent/ATE143832T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-08-03 DE DE69214382T patent/DE69214382T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-08-04 JP JP4228000A patent/JPH05200109A/en active Pending
- 1992-08-04 AU AU20804/92A patent/AU654866B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-08-05 CA CA002075338A patent/CA2075338C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-03-07 US US08/207,238 patent/US5501840A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69214382T2 (en) | 1997-05-28 |
| JPH05200109A (en) | 1993-08-10 |
| ITMI912203A0 (en) | 1991-08-05 |
| ES2093149T3 (en) | 1996-12-16 |
| EP0526869A1 (en) | 1993-02-10 |
| CA2075338A1 (en) | 1993-02-06 |
| DE69214382D1 (en) | 1996-11-14 |
| ATE143832T1 (en) | 1996-10-15 |
| DK0526869T3 (en) | 1997-01-13 |
| AU2080492A (en) | 1993-02-11 |
| IT1251147B (en) | 1995-05-04 |
| US5501840A (en) | 1996-03-26 |
| EP0526869B1 (en) | 1996-10-09 |
| ITMI912203A1 (en) | 1993-02-06 |
| AU654866B2 (en) | 1994-11-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |