CA2078768A1 - Circuit arrangement for telecommunication switching networks, preferably telephone switching networks, consisting of exchanges - Google Patents
Circuit arrangement for telecommunication switching networks, preferably telephone switching networks, consisting of exchangesInfo
- Publication number
- CA2078768A1 CA2078768A1 CA002078768A CA2078768A CA2078768A1 CA 2078768 A1 CA2078768 A1 CA 2078768A1 CA 002078768 A CA002078768 A CA 002078768A CA 2078768 A CA2078768 A CA 2078768A CA 2078768 A1 CA2078768 A1 CA 2078768A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- subscribers
- exchange
- stationary
- mobile
- subscriber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
- H04W84/042—Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
- H04W92/02—Inter-networking arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W8/00—Network data management
- H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
- H04W8/04—Registration at HLR or HSS [Home Subscriber Server]
Abstract
Abstract Circuit arrangement for telecommunication switching networks preferably telephone switching networks, consisting of exchanges, in which mobile subscribers (MT1-MT9) each have access to an exchange (SC) through radio channels (F1-F9) and stationary subscribers (STa-STo) each have access to an exchange (SC) through cable channels (K1,K2), an individual identification being assigned to each mobile subscriber. Both the mobile and the stationary subscribers (MT1-MT9; STa-STo) are each assigned an individual identification with which the subscriber answers (identification signal) and is thereby identified and localized by the exchange (SC). The exchange (SC) then assigns a pair of communication channels to the subscriber (MT1-MT9) to establish a connection between the subscriber and the exchange (SC) or vice versa. The mobile and stationary subscribers have access to the same exchanges (SC) and the accesses of the stationary subscribers (STa-STo) pass through broad-band cables (K1, K2), preferably glass fibre cables, which run directly to the subscribers. The cables extend over the entire distance between the exchanges (SC) and the stationary subscribes without intermediate sub-exchanges and individual wire connections, and the same signalization (identification signal), channel allocation (pair of communication channels) and news transmission as between the exchange (SC) and the mobile subscribers (MT1-MT9) connected to it is carried out through the cables so that each subscriber, whether mobile or stationary, is reached from each exchange (SC) in the same manner through a through pair of continuous communication channels. To reach all subscribers, the number of pairs of communication channels provided is no greater than that necessary for the expected volume of traffic in the corresponding region.
Description
20787~8 Circuit Arrangement for ~elecommunioation 8witching Networks, preferably Telephone Switching Networks The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for telecommunication switching networks, preferably telephone switching networks, in which mobile subscribers are served through radio channels and stationary subscribers through cables.
The known telephone switching networks with stationary and mobile subscribers that exist in many countries contain separate networks for the stationary subscribers sector and for the mobile subscribers sector, including the necessary exchanges for each of the sectors in question. The transfer from one network to another is accomplished by matching devices which perform a conversion of the signal form used in one network and also, based on the dialling signals entering in the one exchange, use these to create the desired connection in the exchange of the other network in the form actually required by that other network.
Such a circuit arrangement is known, for example, from DE-OS 30 36 380, in which the matching device additionally is used as a storage device for subscriber identifications, that any subscriber can take to any subscriber location, whether stationary or mobile, so that he can be accessed at any subscriber location and all charges incurred by him are correctly billed to him.
A Telephone Switching Network designed for an auxiliary exchange system with stationary and mobile subscribers is described in DE-PS 38 10 305, in which the stationary subscribers are each connected to the sole telecommunication switching network by an individual subscriber connection as in conventional networks.
The connection of the mobile subscribers with the telephone switching network is made via a single subscriber connection to which several transmit/receive installations are connected in parallel, that are connected publicly to a corresponding number .
.
: . ~
of mobile subscribers. With the auxiliary exchange system, individual identification numbers must be assigned to each subscriber connection by means of a plug-in circuit board with an individual coding that can be inserted into any subscriber equipment, in order to identify it in accordance with the coding of the plug-in circuit board and to permit identification of it from the telephone switching network. Any person then using the network exchange can be contacted through any subscriber equipment desired on the basis of their plug-in circuit board that may be plugged into the subscriber equipment in question.
In addition to the above-mentioned state of the art, it is also pointed out that from the article entitled "Digital Messaging Systems with Multiple Access and Decentralized Exchanges -- An Overview" by B. Kaufhold, Electronic Engineer, Berlin 33, 1983, a method is known of designing messaging networks using optical fibres as the transmission medium.
The principal object of this invention is to create a telecom-munication switching network in which the telecommunication switching network, usually termed a stationary network (with individual subscriber lines to the network exchanges) is combined with a mobile communication system on the basis of a unified network structure, thereby reducing the resources required for lines to the exchanges.
The known telephone switching networks with stationary and mobile subscribers that exist in many countries contain separate networks for the stationary subscribers sector and for the mobile subscribers sector, including the necessary exchanges for each of the sectors in question. The transfer from one network to another is accomplished by matching devices which perform a conversion of the signal form used in one network and also, based on the dialling signals entering in the one exchange, use these to create the desired connection in the exchange of the other network in the form actually required by that other network.
Such a circuit arrangement is known, for example, from DE-OS 30 36 380, in which the matching device additionally is used as a storage device for subscriber identifications, that any subscriber can take to any subscriber location, whether stationary or mobile, so that he can be accessed at any subscriber location and all charges incurred by him are correctly billed to him.
A Telephone Switching Network designed for an auxiliary exchange system with stationary and mobile subscribers is described in DE-PS 38 10 305, in which the stationary subscribers are each connected to the sole telecommunication switching network by an individual subscriber connection as in conventional networks.
The connection of the mobile subscribers with the telephone switching network is made via a single subscriber connection to which several transmit/receive installations are connected in parallel, that are connected publicly to a corresponding number .
.
: . ~
of mobile subscribers. With the auxiliary exchange system, individual identification numbers must be assigned to each subscriber connection by means of a plug-in circuit board with an individual coding that can be inserted into any subscriber equipment, in order to identify it in accordance with the coding of the plug-in circuit board and to permit identification of it from the telephone switching network. Any person then using the network exchange can be contacted through any subscriber equipment desired on the basis of their plug-in circuit board that may be plugged into the subscriber equipment in question.
In addition to the above-mentioned state of the art, it is also pointed out that from the article entitled "Digital Messaging Systems with Multiple Access and Decentralized Exchanges -- An Overview" by B. Kaufhold, Electronic Engineer, Berlin 33, 1983, a method is known of designing messaging networks using optical fibres as the transmission medium.
The principal object of this invention is to create a telecom-munication switching network in which the telecommunication switching network, usually termed a stationary network (with individual subscriber lines to the network exchanges) is combined with a mobile communication system on the basis of a unified network structure, thereby reducing the resources required for lines to the exchanges.
2~7~7~8 The invention makes this possible through the characteristics mentioned in Claim 1.
In the network according to the invention configuration the mobile and stationary subscribers are connected to a unified telecommunications network in a functionally identical manner, with all subscribers having only personal accesses to the network, since the individual subscriber lines usually found in known stationary networks are absent. Because personal access is available to all subscribers it makes no difference, functionally speaking, to any subscriber whether it uses its terminal in a stationary situation (e.g. in a house) or as mobile equipment (e.g. in a vehicle). The subscriber can through its individual identification be reached with this terminal at any point in the entire telecommunications switching network and can also establish connections from any point, a pair of communication channels being specifically assigned to it: radio channels if in the case of a mobile subscriber and, if the subscriber is communicating from a house, a broadband cable leading ~nto the house.
The mobile communications system currently available in the ~; countries of Western Europe operates at a bit rate of 8 or 16 kb/s (Kilobits/Second) on each voice channel. On the other hand the stationary telecommunications switching network that exists alongside it, the ISDN network, requires a bit rate of 64 kb/s.
This makes it necessary to use codec devices at the cross-connections between the mobile communications system and the stationary network and vice versa. In the unified telecommunications switching network in accordance with the invention such codec devices are unnecessary because in such a unified network it is possible to operate at a single bit rate.
:.' The known mobile communications system has an advantage over the usual stationary telecommunications switching network in that the number of pairs of communications channels available in the mobile network need be no greater than what is required by the .
expected traffic volume. In contrast, the usual stationary network is provided with individual subscriber lines. This multiplicity of individual subscriber lines is absent in the unified network to which the invention refers, because the number of pairs of communication channels available in the stationary subscribers' sector is no greater than what is required by the expected volume of traffic in the given sector. In consequence, the resources required for lines and for connector switches for individual subscriber connections in the exchanges which has previously been necessary is substantially reduced.
The use of broadband cables for subscriber access to the exchanges makes it possible to provide an exchange with a catchment area of practically any size by inserting in-line Y repeaters which directly boost all the information in the pairs of communication channels that is carried by the broadband cable.
As the invention is based on a unified telecommunications switching network, the communication channel capacity in a broadband cable does not, as in the usual stationary network, depend on the number of subscribers with their individual subscriber lines, but on the number of pairs of communication channels determined by the volume of traffic, and therefore it ; is possible, using a broadband cable with in-line repeaters, to include an especially large number of stationary subscribers, as the use of the broadband cable with its in-line repeaters eliminates problems of range. In contrast, the range problem in the usual networks with individual subscriber lines becomes more serious as the bit requirement of the particular switching technique increases. In the case of the ISDN system, increasingly in use in the Federal Republic of Germany, this bit requirement is 144 kb/s, which gives a maximum range of only about 4 km for an individual subscriber line consisting of a pair of copper wires. The application of this technology excludes the use of individual in-line repeaters from the outset, because of - the huge expenditure associated with this. In consequence, the use of broadband cables in the telecommunications switching network to which the invention refers makes it possible to serve , 2~7~768 a much greater number of stationary subscribers from an exchange than can be served through a network with individual subscriber lines. The number of subscribers who can be served from an exchange through the telecommunications switching network to which the invention refers is then simply determined by the volume of traffic that can reasonably be handled from an exchange. An exchange in the telecommuni~ations switching network to which the invention refers can, in terms of its acceptable traffic volume, offer access, for example, to about 300,000 subscribers, whereas the exchanges (local exchanges) of the currently used network with individual subscriber lines serve some 5,000 subscribers on account of the aforementioned problems with regard to range and on account of the local conditions.
- Furthermore, the uniform switched network according to the invention offers the subscriber the advantage that he/she can take his/her terminal device (of the kind used in the known mobile communication system) anywhere within the area of the switched network, i.e. he/she can use the terminal device as a stationary or mobile telephone. The subscriber requires just one single individual identification for this purpose, i.e. he/she has one single directory number under which he/she is listed in the telephone directory. Thus the switched network covers all possible types of telephone lines, i.e. personal domestic telephones, mobile telephones in motor vehicles and, in particular, also all commercial telephones. For the subscribers of the public switched network according to the invention, this means that, for just one basic charge for a telephone, they can avail themselves of the advantages both of the stationary network and also of the mobile network.
Experience shows that the majority of telephone calls conducted from a mobile location lead into the stationary network. The call charges typical of the respective network are incurred in each of the two networks, i.e. the subscriber has to bear the sum of these charges. Since, in the switched network according to the invention, mobile and stationary subscribers are connected ' ` . ! ~ ~ .
,, , :
:
207~7~8 to the same exchanges, the call charges relate only to the one uniform network, i.e. telephoning is made cheaper.
The use of the broad-band cable makes it possible in advantageous manner also to provide communication services relating to data and video transmission. Moreover, it is also possible for dedicated further message channels, e.g. television and radio channels, to be transmitted via these broad-band cables.
Furthermore, broad-band cabling on the basis of fibre-optic cables provides the advantage of a large frequency-band reserve, with the result that it is possible to transmit not only a particularly large number of communication-channel pairs of known communication services, but also a multiplicity of further as yet unknown communication services, above all those with a larger frequency requirement. In order to serve these communication services with their terminal devices, e.g. video-reproduction devices, from the call-processing point of view, use can be made of the dialling equipment and function keys provided for this purpose on the telephone set, as a result of which the advantages of the switched network according to the invention apply also to such services.
Calls from mobile subscribers are conducted predominantly with stationary subscribers, i.e. in the existing networks, there is usually a transition from an exchange for mobile subscribers to the stationary network. Since the stationary network, insofar as it is already an ISDN network, employs a bit rate of 64 kb/s, each call coming from the mobile network is normally converted to the bit rate of the ISDN network, i.e. 64 kb/s, already at the exchange of the mobile subscriber. It must be remembered in this connection that the bit rate required for the mobile network is, however, only 8 or 16 kb/s. With the switched network according to the invention being taken as a basis, the procedure is as follows in the case of the transition to existing public switched networks (which will continue to exist in addition to the uniform switched network according to the invention): the communication channels are designed such that they each conform to the bit .
.
2~7~6~
rate/bandwidth required for the associated message-transmission channel, as a result of which, in the telecommunication network according to the invention, only that bit rate/bandwidth is transmitted for the respective communication channel. Such a bit rate may be, for example, the aforementioned 8 or 16 kb/s.
i Matching to a different bit rate/bandwidth of the respective existing public switched network is performed only at transitions to the existing public switched networks.
In the switched network according to the invention, the necessary number of such transitions is considerably smaller than the number of subscriber accesses to the exchanges in the known mobile communication system, with the result that the above-described measure yields a considerable reduction in the number of devices necessary for such matching, i.e. the aforementioned conversion devices. Apart from this, in the switched network according to the invention, there is even the essential advantage that, in this network in general, it is possible to employ only the (relatively low) bit rate required for the respective communication channels, i.e., for example, the aforementioned 8 or 16 kb/s instead of the 64 kb/s of the ISDN network. Reference is made to the bandwidth in addition to the bit rate for the reason that, firstly, the bit rate necessitates also an appropriate bandwidth and, secondly, it is also possible, of course, to conceive of communication services that operate in analog manner.
Shown in the Figure is a specimen embodiment of the invention.
The Figure shows the switched network with mobile subscribers MT1 to MT9 connected via radio paths F1 to F9 and with stationary subscribers STa-STn and STm-STo connected via cable paths K1 and K2. Said stationary subscribers may also be video and data terminal devices. With regard to the radio paths, the specimen embodiment shown here comprises three radio base stations BSFl to BSF3, which, in the manner known from a mobile communication system, supply the mobile subscribers, moving within a ., : , ~ : ' -, 2~7~7~
geographically defined area, with radio frequencies, which form the communication-channel pairs. Of course, a larger number of radio base stations may be provided within such a geographical area. This depends, firstly, on the geographical conditions and, secondly, on the traffic density. The individual base stations BSFl to BSF3 are connected to the exchange SC via digital signal lines Sl to S3.
The connection of the stationary subscribers STa-STn and STm-STo via the cable paths is accomplished by the connection of the stationary subscribers STa-STn to the broadband cable Kl and of the stationary subscribers STm-STo to the broad-band cable X2.
The broad-band cables Kl and K2 are each routed, e.g. in an urban area, through the territory of said area and, as in the case of the known connections of television sets, have branches that extend into each individual house. The two cables Kl and K2 are connected to the base stations BSKl and BSK2, which, like the radio base stations BSFl-BSF3, are connected to the exchange SC, with this being accomplished via the digital signal lines S4 and S5.
20 The exchange SC, which is designed and operates like an exchange from the known mobile communication system, comprises in this case a plurality of switching networks each for a specific bit rate or bandwidth; more specifically, these are the switching network KFl for the bit rate 8/16 kb/s, the switching network KF2 for the bit rate 64 kb/s, the switching network KF3 for the bit rate 2Mb/s and the switching network KF4 for the bandwidth 12 MHz. The broken line between the switching networks XF3 and KF4 is intended to indicate that the exchange SC may, depending on requirements, comprise yet further switching networks. All the switching networks of said exchange SC are controlled by the common control GST, which, in known manner, controls the desired processing of calls between subscribers via the respective switching network.
2~787~
The Figure further shows the connection to further exchanges SCn of a public switched network according to the invention as well as to other public switched networks, namely an ISDN or PSTN
network and a data network D. The ISDN/PSTN network is a currently existing conventional public telephone network. It may also be replaced by other telephone networks. The data network D handles known data services.
The connection of the further exchanges SCn to the exchange SC
is accomplished via the digital signal lines S6, S7, S8 and S9, via which the particular switching network KF1/KF2/KF3/KF4 used in the exchange SC is connected to further exchanges SCn. It is thus possible in known manner for a call to be set up via a plurality of exchanges SC/SCn as are conventionally provided in a country for supplying the subscribers. The transition to an 15 ISDN/PSTN network or to a data network D is accomplished in appropriate manner via the digital signal lines S10, S11, S12 and S13, with conversion devices Ul to U4 being inserted, if necessary (e.g. change of bit rate), into the network transitions before the ISDN/PSTN networks or data networks D.
The setting-up of a call in the uniform switched network shown is effected in accordance with the principles and in the same manner as in a known mobile communication system. An answering subscriber, irrespective of whether this is a mobile subscriber MTl-MT9 or a stationary subscriber STa-STo, is assigned a communication-channel pair by the exchange SC, said communication-channel pair, as a frequency band, being either emitted by one of the radio base stations BFSl-BFS3 as a radio signal or transmitted via the cable base stations BSKl and BSK2 to the cable K1 or K2. Since, as in the known mobile communication system, each callable subscriber is recorded in the exchange SC with his/her identification and local position, the exchange SC is able to determine the desired subscriber in known manner and, via the respective switching network KFl-KF4, to provide the calling and called subscribers with the communication-channel pairs, insofar as the call remains within 2~7~7~g the area of one exchange SC. Otherwise, a communication-channel pair is connected through in the switching network KFl-KF4 to a digital signal line leading to another exchange, possibly in a different network. The establishing of the call by the assigning of the provided communication-channel pairs to the subscribers is then accomplished in known manner by the identification of both subscribers on the basis of their identifications.
As already mentioned above, the exchange SC comprises a plurality of switching networks, namely the switching networks KF1-KF4, of which each switching network is responsible for a specific bit rate or frequency band. The switching network KFl with the bit rate 8/16 kb/s is provided preferably for the area of the mobile subscribers MT1-MT9, with, however, the base stations BSFl-BSF3 ;i belonging to said area possibly also being connected to the switching network KF2 for a bit rate of 64 kb/s via the digital signal lines S14, S15 and S16 (indicated by broken lines). In addition to their access to the switching network KFl via the digital signal lines S4 and S5, the base stations BSKl and BSK2 responsible for the cable sector also have access to the switching networks KF2, KF3 and KF4, namely via the signal lines S17, S18 and S19 as well as S20, S21 and S22. It is thus possible via the base stations BSK1 and BSK2 belonging to the stationary sector, also to establish connections for communication services that require a particularly high bit rate/bandwidth. This is achieved in that a particularly broad frequency range can be transmitted via the broad-band cables Kl and K2, which may preferably be fibre-optic cables.
Finally, reference should also be made to the fact that special services are connected to the base stations at BSK1 and BSK2, namely the dedicated radio channels RK and the television channels FK, which inject their message contents via the two base stations BSKl and BSK2 into the cables K1 and K2, from where the respective messages are then transmitted in known manner (cable TV) to the subscribers.
In the network according to the invention configuration the mobile and stationary subscribers are connected to a unified telecommunications network in a functionally identical manner, with all subscribers having only personal accesses to the network, since the individual subscriber lines usually found in known stationary networks are absent. Because personal access is available to all subscribers it makes no difference, functionally speaking, to any subscriber whether it uses its terminal in a stationary situation (e.g. in a house) or as mobile equipment (e.g. in a vehicle). The subscriber can through its individual identification be reached with this terminal at any point in the entire telecommunications switching network and can also establish connections from any point, a pair of communication channels being specifically assigned to it: radio channels if in the case of a mobile subscriber and, if the subscriber is communicating from a house, a broadband cable leading ~nto the house.
The mobile communications system currently available in the ~; countries of Western Europe operates at a bit rate of 8 or 16 kb/s (Kilobits/Second) on each voice channel. On the other hand the stationary telecommunications switching network that exists alongside it, the ISDN network, requires a bit rate of 64 kb/s.
This makes it necessary to use codec devices at the cross-connections between the mobile communications system and the stationary network and vice versa. In the unified telecommunications switching network in accordance with the invention such codec devices are unnecessary because in such a unified network it is possible to operate at a single bit rate.
:.' The known mobile communications system has an advantage over the usual stationary telecommunications switching network in that the number of pairs of communications channels available in the mobile network need be no greater than what is required by the .
expected traffic volume. In contrast, the usual stationary network is provided with individual subscriber lines. This multiplicity of individual subscriber lines is absent in the unified network to which the invention refers, because the number of pairs of communication channels available in the stationary subscribers' sector is no greater than what is required by the expected volume of traffic in the given sector. In consequence, the resources required for lines and for connector switches for individual subscriber connections in the exchanges which has previously been necessary is substantially reduced.
The use of broadband cables for subscriber access to the exchanges makes it possible to provide an exchange with a catchment area of practically any size by inserting in-line Y repeaters which directly boost all the information in the pairs of communication channels that is carried by the broadband cable.
As the invention is based on a unified telecommunications switching network, the communication channel capacity in a broadband cable does not, as in the usual stationary network, depend on the number of subscribers with their individual subscriber lines, but on the number of pairs of communication channels determined by the volume of traffic, and therefore it ; is possible, using a broadband cable with in-line repeaters, to include an especially large number of stationary subscribers, as the use of the broadband cable with its in-line repeaters eliminates problems of range. In contrast, the range problem in the usual networks with individual subscriber lines becomes more serious as the bit requirement of the particular switching technique increases. In the case of the ISDN system, increasingly in use in the Federal Republic of Germany, this bit requirement is 144 kb/s, which gives a maximum range of only about 4 km for an individual subscriber line consisting of a pair of copper wires. The application of this technology excludes the use of individual in-line repeaters from the outset, because of - the huge expenditure associated with this. In consequence, the use of broadband cables in the telecommunications switching network to which the invention refers makes it possible to serve , 2~7~768 a much greater number of stationary subscribers from an exchange than can be served through a network with individual subscriber lines. The number of subscribers who can be served from an exchange through the telecommunications switching network to which the invention refers is then simply determined by the volume of traffic that can reasonably be handled from an exchange. An exchange in the telecommuni~ations switching network to which the invention refers can, in terms of its acceptable traffic volume, offer access, for example, to about 300,000 subscribers, whereas the exchanges (local exchanges) of the currently used network with individual subscriber lines serve some 5,000 subscribers on account of the aforementioned problems with regard to range and on account of the local conditions.
- Furthermore, the uniform switched network according to the invention offers the subscriber the advantage that he/she can take his/her terminal device (of the kind used in the known mobile communication system) anywhere within the area of the switched network, i.e. he/she can use the terminal device as a stationary or mobile telephone. The subscriber requires just one single individual identification for this purpose, i.e. he/she has one single directory number under which he/she is listed in the telephone directory. Thus the switched network covers all possible types of telephone lines, i.e. personal domestic telephones, mobile telephones in motor vehicles and, in particular, also all commercial telephones. For the subscribers of the public switched network according to the invention, this means that, for just one basic charge for a telephone, they can avail themselves of the advantages both of the stationary network and also of the mobile network.
Experience shows that the majority of telephone calls conducted from a mobile location lead into the stationary network. The call charges typical of the respective network are incurred in each of the two networks, i.e. the subscriber has to bear the sum of these charges. Since, in the switched network according to the invention, mobile and stationary subscribers are connected ' ` . ! ~ ~ .
,, , :
:
207~7~8 to the same exchanges, the call charges relate only to the one uniform network, i.e. telephoning is made cheaper.
The use of the broad-band cable makes it possible in advantageous manner also to provide communication services relating to data and video transmission. Moreover, it is also possible for dedicated further message channels, e.g. television and radio channels, to be transmitted via these broad-band cables.
Furthermore, broad-band cabling on the basis of fibre-optic cables provides the advantage of a large frequency-band reserve, with the result that it is possible to transmit not only a particularly large number of communication-channel pairs of known communication services, but also a multiplicity of further as yet unknown communication services, above all those with a larger frequency requirement. In order to serve these communication services with their terminal devices, e.g. video-reproduction devices, from the call-processing point of view, use can be made of the dialling equipment and function keys provided for this purpose on the telephone set, as a result of which the advantages of the switched network according to the invention apply also to such services.
Calls from mobile subscribers are conducted predominantly with stationary subscribers, i.e. in the existing networks, there is usually a transition from an exchange for mobile subscribers to the stationary network. Since the stationary network, insofar as it is already an ISDN network, employs a bit rate of 64 kb/s, each call coming from the mobile network is normally converted to the bit rate of the ISDN network, i.e. 64 kb/s, already at the exchange of the mobile subscriber. It must be remembered in this connection that the bit rate required for the mobile network is, however, only 8 or 16 kb/s. With the switched network according to the invention being taken as a basis, the procedure is as follows in the case of the transition to existing public switched networks (which will continue to exist in addition to the uniform switched network according to the invention): the communication channels are designed such that they each conform to the bit .
.
2~7~6~
rate/bandwidth required for the associated message-transmission channel, as a result of which, in the telecommunication network according to the invention, only that bit rate/bandwidth is transmitted for the respective communication channel. Such a bit rate may be, for example, the aforementioned 8 or 16 kb/s.
i Matching to a different bit rate/bandwidth of the respective existing public switched network is performed only at transitions to the existing public switched networks.
In the switched network according to the invention, the necessary number of such transitions is considerably smaller than the number of subscriber accesses to the exchanges in the known mobile communication system, with the result that the above-described measure yields a considerable reduction in the number of devices necessary for such matching, i.e. the aforementioned conversion devices. Apart from this, in the switched network according to the invention, there is even the essential advantage that, in this network in general, it is possible to employ only the (relatively low) bit rate required for the respective communication channels, i.e., for example, the aforementioned 8 or 16 kb/s instead of the 64 kb/s of the ISDN network. Reference is made to the bandwidth in addition to the bit rate for the reason that, firstly, the bit rate necessitates also an appropriate bandwidth and, secondly, it is also possible, of course, to conceive of communication services that operate in analog manner.
Shown in the Figure is a specimen embodiment of the invention.
The Figure shows the switched network with mobile subscribers MT1 to MT9 connected via radio paths F1 to F9 and with stationary subscribers STa-STn and STm-STo connected via cable paths K1 and K2. Said stationary subscribers may also be video and data terminal devices. With regard to the radio paths, the specimen embodiment shown here comprises three radio base stations BSFl to BSF3, which, in the manner known from a mobile communication system, supply the mobile subscribers, moving within a ., : , ~ : ' -, 2~7~7~
geographically defined area, with radio frequencies, which form the communication-channel pairs. Of course, a larger number of radio base stations may be provided within such a geographical area. This depends, firstly, on the geographical conditions and, secondly, on the traffic density. The individual base stations BSFl to BSF3 are connected to the exchange SC via digital signal lines Sl to S3.
The connection of the stationary subscribers STa-STn and STm-STo via the cable paths is accomplished by the connection of the stationary subscribers STa-STn to the broadband cable Kl and of the stationary subscribers STm-STo to the broad-band cable X2.
The broad-band cables Kl and K2 are each routed, e.g. in an urban area, through the territory of said area and, as in the case of the known connections of television sets, have branches that extend into each individual house. The two cables Kl and K2 are connected to the base stations BSKl and BSK2, which, like the radio base stations BSFl-BSF3, are connected to the exchange SC, with this being accomplished via the digital signal lines S4 and S5.
20 The exchange SC, which is designed and operates like an exchange from the known mobile communication system, comprises in this case a plurality of switching networks each for a specific bit rate or bandwidth; more specifically, these are the switching network KFl for the bit rate 8/16 kb/s, the switching network KF2 for the bit rate 64 kb/s, the switching network KF3 for the bit rate 2Mb/s and the switching network KF4 for the bandwidth 12 MHz. The broken line between the switching networks XF3 and KF4 is intended to indicate that the exchange SC may, depending on requirements, comprise yet further switching networks. All the switching networks of said exchange SC are controlled by the common control GST, which, in known manner, controls the desired processing of calls between subscribers via the respective switching network.
2~787~
The Figure further shows the connection to further exchanges SCn of a public switched network according to the invention as well as to other public switched networks, namely an ISDN or PSTN
network and a data network D. The ISDN/PSTN network is a currently existing conventional public telephone network. It may also be replaced by other telephone networks. The data network D handles known data services.
The connection of the further exchanges SCn to the exchange SC
is accomplished via the digital signal lines S6, S7, S8 and S9, via which the particular switching network KF1/KF2/KF3/KF4 used in the exchange SC is connected to further exchanges SCn. It is thus possible in known manner for a call to be set up via a plurality of exchanges SC/SCn as are conventionally provided in a country for supplying the subscribers. The transition to an 15 ISDN/PSTN network or to a data network D is accomplished in appropriate manner via the digital signal lines S10, S11, S12 and S13, with conversion devices Ul to U4 being inserted, if necessary (e.g. change of bit rate), into the network transitions before the ISDN/PSTN networks or data networks D.
The setting-up of a call in the uniform switched network shown is effected in accordance with the principles and in the same manner as in a known mobile communication system. An answering subscriber, irrespective of whether this is a mobile subscriber MTl-MT9 or a stationary subscriber STa-STo, is assigned a communication-channel pair by the exchange SC, said communication-channel pair, as a frequency band, being either emitted by one of the radio base stations BFSl-BFS3 as a radio signal or transmitted via the cable base stations BSKl and BSK2 to the cable K1 or K2. Since, as in the known mobile communication system, each callable subscriber is recorded in the exchange SC with his/her identification and local position, the exchange SC is able to determine the desired subscriber in known manner and, via the respective switching network KFl-KF4, to provide the calling and called subscribers with the communication-channel pairs, insofar as the call remains within 2~7~7~g the area of one exchange SC. Otherwise, a communication-channel pair is connected through in the switching network KFl-KF4 to a digital signal line leading to another exchange, possibly in a different network. The establishing of the call by the assigning of the provided communication-channel pairs to the subscribers is then accomplished in known manner by the identification of both subscribers on the basis of their identifications.
As already mentioned above, the exchange SC comprises a plurality of switching networks, namely the switching networks KF1-KF4, of which each switching network is responsible for a specific bit rate or frequency band. The switching network KFl with the bit rate 8/16 kb/s is provided preferably for the area of the mobile subscribers MT1-MT9, with, however, the base stations BSFl-BSF3 ;i belonging to said area possibly also being connected to the switching network KF2 for a bit rate of 64 kb/s via the digital signal lines S14, S15 and S16 (indicated by broken lines). In addition to their access to the switching network KFl via the digital signal lines S4 and S5, the base stations BSKl and BSK2 responsible for the cable sector also have access to the switching networks KF2, KF3 and KF4, namely via the signal lines S17, S18 and S19 as well as S20, S21 and S22. It is thus possible via the base stations BSK1 and BSK2 belonging to the stationary sector, also to establish connections for communication services that require a particularly high bit rate/bandwidth. This is achieved in that a particularly broad frequency range can be transmitted via the broad-band cables Kl and K2, which may preferably be fibre-optic cables.
Finally, reference should also be made to the fact that special services are connected to the base stations at BSK1 and BSK2, namely the dedicated radio channels RK and the television channels FK, which inject their message contents via the two base stations BSKl and BSK2 into the cables K1 and K2, from where the respective messages are then transmitted in known manner (cable TV) to the subscribers.
Claims (4)
1. A switching arrangement for telecommunications switching networks, preferably telephone switching networks, consisting of at least one exchange (SC), in which mobile subscribers (MT1-MT9) have access through radio channels (F1-F9) and stationary subscribers (STa-Sto) through cable channels (K1, K2), and both the mobile and stationary subscribers (MT1-MT9, STa-STo) being each assigned an individual identification with which the subscriber answers (identification signal) and is thereby identified and located by the exchange (SC), following which a pair of communication channels is assigned by the exchange (SC) to the subscriber (MT1-MT9) for the purpose of establishing a connection from the subscriber to the exchange (SC) or vice versa, the mobile and the stationary subscribers having access to the same exchanges (SC), with the accesses of the stationary subscribers (STa-STo) passing directly through broadband cables (K1, K2), preferably glass fibre cables, which extend to the subscribers' equipment directly from the exchanges to the stationary subscribers without switching operations and without individual subscriber's cable connections, and through which the same signalling (identification signal), channel assignment (pair of communication channels) and information transmission take place as between the exchange (SC) and the mobile subscribers (MT1-MT9) connected to it, in such a way that each subscriber, no matter whether mobile or stationary, is reached in the same functional manner through a pair of continuous communication channels, the number of pairs of communication channels provided to reach all subscribers being no greater than the number required for the expected traffic volume in the particular region.
2. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the messages transmitted from the exchange (SC) in particular to the stationary subscribers (STa-STo) are formed by data- and video-transmission communication services.
3. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that dedicated further message channels, e.g. television and radio channels (FK,RK), are transmitted via the broad-band cables (K1,K2).
4. Circuit arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which there is a transition to existing public switched networks, characterized in that the communication channels each conform to the bit rate/bandwidth required for the associated message-transmission channel, as a result of which, in the telecommunication network, only that bit rate/ bandwidth is transmitted for the respective communication channel, and there is matching, by means of conversion devices (U1-U4), to different bit rates/bandwidths only at transitions to existing public switched networks.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4008790A DE4008790A1 (en) | 1990-03-19 | 1990-03-19 | CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR EXTERNAL TELEPHONE SWITCHING NETWORKS, PREFERABLY TELEPHONE TELEPHONE SWITCHING NETWORKS |
| DEP4008790.5 | 1990-03-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2078768A1 true CA2078768A1 (en) | 1991-09-20 |
Family
ID=6402560
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002078768A Abandoned CA2078768A1 (en) | 1990-03-19 | 1991-03-18 | Circuit arrangement for telecommunication switching networks, preferably telephone switching networks, consisting of exchanges |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5412760A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0524200B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3141947B2 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU7459691A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2078768A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4008790A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2057873T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1991015087A1 (en) |
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| US5430774A (en) * | 1992-11-30 | 1995-07-04 | Alcatel N.V. | Data transmission method and base transceiver station using this method |
| US5497396A (en) * | 1992-12-30 | 1996-03-05 | Societe Dite Alcatel N.V. | Method of transmitting data between communication equipments connected to a communication infrastructure |
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-
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- 1990-03-19 DE DE4008790A patent/DE4008790A1/en active Granted
-
1991
- 1991-03-18 WO PCT/EP1991/000521 patent/WO1991015087A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-03-18 ES ES91905789T patent/ES2057873T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-03-18 EP EP91905789A patent/EP0524200B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-03-18 JP JP03505746A patent/JP3141947B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-03-18 CA CA002078768A patent/CA2078768A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-03-18 AU AU74596/91A patent/AU7459691A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-10-25 US US07/782,472 patent/US5412760A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5430774A (en) * | 1992-11-30 | 1995-07-04 | Alcatel N.V. | Data transmission method and base transceiver station using this method |
| US5497396A (en) * | 1992-12-30 | 1996-03-05 | Societe Dite Alcatel N.V. | Method of transmitting data between communication equipments connected to a communication infrastructure |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2057873T3 (en) | 1994-10-16 |
| DE4008790A1 (en) | 1991-09-26 |
| JP3141947B2 (en) | 2001-03-07 |
| US5412760A (en) | 1995-05-02 |
| DE4008790C2 (en) | 1992-04-02 |
| AU7459691A (en) | 1991-10-21 |
| JPH05506339A (en) | 1993-09-16 |
| EP0524200A1 (en) | 1993-01-27 |
| WO1991015087A1 (en) | 1991-10-03 |
| EP0524200B1 (en) | 1994-08-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 19990318 |