CA2080465A1 - Supply component of the credit card type - Google Patents
Supply component of the credit card typeInfo
- Publication number
- CA2080465A1 CA2080465A1 CA002080465A CA2080465A CA2080465A1 CA 2080465 A1 CA2080465 A1 CA 2080465A1 CA 002080465 A CA002080465 A CA 002080465A CA 2080465 A CA2080465 A CA 2080465A CA 2080465 A1 CA2080465 A1 CA 2080465A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- component according
- charge
- accumulator
- delta
- credit card
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/0701—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management
- G06K19/0702—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management the arrangement including a battery
- G06K19/0704—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management the arrangement including a battery the battery being rechargeable, e.g. solar batteries
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
- H01M10/465—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus with solar battery as charging system
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/50—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance, e.g. for maintaining operating temperature
- H01M6/5044—Cells or batteries structurally combined with cell condition indicating means
- H01M6/505—Cells combined with indicating means for external visualization of the condition, e.g. by change of colour or of light intensity
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S136/00—Batteries: thermoelectric and photoelectric
- Y10S136/291—Applications
Abstract
A B S T R A C T O F T H E D I S C L O S U R E
The present invention relates to a portable autonomous electronic component of the credit card format comprising an accumulator (1) constituted of an association of sheets or planar layers, the surface of which is approximately equal to that of the credit card, at least a charging circuit (2,4), and state indicators (6) controlled by a micro-controller (5).
The present invention relates to a portable autonomous electronic component of the credit card format comprising an accumulator (1) constituted of an association of sheets or planar layers, the surface of which is approximately equal to that of the credit card, at least a charging circuit (2,4), and state indicators (6) controlled by a micro-controller (5).
Description
~08~46~
S~LY a~r OF TÆ ~:DIT C~RD TYPE
T~ i~tian relates to elec~ical en~rgy storing devices and mo~:e speci ficall~ bo energy st~ring far syst~ns canprisir~g mic~el~ic inte~rate~ cir~its with ~.
~ resently, there an3 thcee main types of ~lec~ic 5 supply sa~es ~or microelec~ic cira~its (a chip or a onplex elecl~ nic sys~ m having a d~ ~ fw~cticn):
1) th~ 110 or 220 V malns from which, afber vDltage lowering by a transformer, rectifying, filtering and ccntxolling or use of swi ~ devices, a D.C. v~l~age:~usually from 5 to 15 volts) is prcvided to the microelectronic circui~;
S~LY a~r OF TÆ ~:DIT C~RD TYPE
T~ i~tian relates to elec~ical en~rgy storing devices and mo~:e speci ficall~ bo energy st~ring far syst~ns canprisir~g mic~el~ic inte~rate~ cir~its with ~.
~ resently, there an3 thcee main types of ~lec~ic 5 supply sa~es ~or microelec~ic cira~its (a chip or a onplex elecl~ nic sys~ m having a d~ ~ fw~cticn):
1) th~ 110 or 220 V malns from which, afber vDltage lowering by a transformer, rectifying, filtering and ccntxolling or use of swi ~ devices, a D.C. v~l~age:~usually from 5 to 15 volts) is prcvided to the microelectronic circui~;
2) the batbery which is a self-ccntaind supply sourQe for an electrcnic dbvioe;
3) the rechargeable batbery or accumulabcr, whic:~ was usually a lead acc~la~ and ~ich is p~tly, gener~ly, in 15 ff e field of electronic circuit ~eed~ng, a ca~ Lum-nickel aca~-lata~.
Ihe mains p~3sents of course the advantage of being a lar~ en~rgy ~urce (in as much as the A.C. mains a~ 110 or 220 V
is reliable) but has ~ maj~r draw~cs, that is, being 20 ~e, weigh~, nDisy~ subject ~ parasibes, ar~ not ~le.
~ e non-recba ~ l~ batte~y has t ~ draw~a~ of a limibed li~etime, a ra ~ poor reli~bility in an hcætile e~wi-rcnment, ~nd a high cost.
-.
.
- ' ' ' ~ ' 208B~6~
Ih~efc~re, ~e ~xresent tr~ is ~o use r~le aaa~la~s. Self ccntair~d like a batt~y, an a~ator sc)lve~ ~e E~blem of ~e llfetime due to ~e po~sibility of ~ging, ~ ~ of ~cges va~ a~d~
5 el}~nical nature of ff2e a~a~., Ihe p~blffn of reliability is h~ver nc~t solved. Additi~ally, r~ar~3~
~its for ~ur~le a~mulabcsrs ~e ge~2erally ~latively ccmplex and g~rate an el~tic n~iæ. Ad~i ticnally, if 10 cu~ ar~ tak~ an irflportant surfæ on a print~3d ci~t ~ard prwided in ~he syst~n.
An cbj~t of ff~ ir~enti~ is to provid~3 ~ an aQwru-latar syst~ with all its r~char~ and test elemerlts havir~ t~
form of a ælf{~c~tair~d portable: oanpa~t.
A more sp~dfic ab~ect of the ir~entiQn is to lmplement ~SU~I a self-oontained oompcnent having the usual cr3~Lt card format ( thin rec~u~ar card of about 85 x 54 cm).
For att ~ thcse cb~ects, the invention prc~i~C~ for a self-oontained portable el ~ ic componEnt having a credit 20 card fonTat c~rising at least ~ aoc~lator }na~e of a pile of sheets or planar layar~s, the surfaoe of which is s~tially equal to the surface of the ~it card, at least a charglny circ~it and state in~icatc~s oontc~lled bs~ a microc~ntroller associated to means for measurin~ at short and regularly spaced 25 time intervals the c~rrent in the accumulator and msans ~or calculating, storing, and summiny the charye variations.
Af~ordi~ t~ an ~t of the inventicn, the stat~
:Lndicators ocsnprise an indicator of the residual n~r o po~sible ~arges associated to t~e mean~s for ~ the oh~ge variatians durir~g the diæha~e p~as~.
1~ to an ~i~t of the im7ention, ~e state ir~ic~ators compriæ a ~ar~e ratio indicator ass0ciabed t:o the means for s~n~ni~ tl~e ~ e variat:icns durin~ t~e ~harge and di~char~ phases.
hx~ to an 0b~ent of t~e i~ti~, the state indicat~rs c~riæ an instarl~ c~lc~ indicabo~
~0~5 associat~3d with n~s f~r m3asur~ t~e v~ltage va~iatian at arly spaf~3d time in ~ . ...
Preferentially, ~e a~latar i~ c~ accmulat~r wi~
a poly~rer solid state electrolyte made of th:Lrl 1 3yers h~vir~ a 5 thickness of 1 to 500 micr~rete:rs havir~ auboclis~ar~e char~-Aaa~rding to an ~in~t of t~ irnJenti~, c~e of ~æ~nal surfc~s of ~e ca~t ca~riæs a soL3r cell arra~.
I'his ext~nal fc~e, or ~ o~r ~e, canprises c~ ~lec~ode area 10 for charyin~, us~ and ex~anging data with exte~n~ devices, this elec~ area 2 aving the stc~ard format of cr~dit cards el~s.
~ cdis~ to an ~ lin ~ t of ~ e i~ention, this oomponent comprises, above the sheet pile oonstituting the accu-mulator, at le2st one printed circuit board, one at least of those boards being prcvided with openings wherein are dispo6ed some at least of the electronic circuit elemenbs nel essRry to the operation of the component and the upper board comprising aper-tures wherein ~re disposed the stabe indicabors.
Acicrd1ng b~ an enb3diment of the invention, this compcnent oomprise~ an encoding keybcard.
Those ob~ects, features and advantages and others of the i tion will be explained in greater detail in the follo-wing description of preerred embodlments, in relation with the attached drawings wherein:
Figune 1 il.lustrates various elements 1ncnrporated in a self-oontained compcnent acm rdlng to the invention;
Figu~e 2.1 is a schematic fnont view of an accumulabor ~Pll aicordbng to the ~ tion and figure 2.2 is a section view of the cell;
Figure 3 is a schematic cross section of an arrangemRn~
o~ elements ~ ituting an embodlnent of the invention; and Figure 4.1 is a schematic front vlew of ~he mtlucbul3 of figure 3; and figure 4.2 is a view of the other ~ æ of the s~r~cblre o~ figune 3.
.
- 2 ~ 6 ~
~ris~ for its c~ging ~ its t~stir~ a ~et oE el~snts of an a~latc~r æt 1, a ~arging c~it 2, a ~cr~c~r 3 havir~
5 c~arging ~min~s 3 .1, utillzation ~ls 3 . 2 and dlata ex~a~e termi~s 3.3., a solar c~ll 4, being a~ ~ar~ing n~s, a micma~troller 5 associa~d wi~ display cir~uits 5 f~
prwiding varia3s infnaticns cn t~3 state of a~mulat~es 1, ar~ an opticnal k~o~ 7 fo~ data input.
AS ir~c~ted a~, ~se el~nts usually exist in t~
form of various ccmp~ts ~oed at varials positia~s of a syst~n, p~;sibly cn the sa~ E~rinted Gi:rwit board.
The ob~ect of the pres ~t i~venticn is, OQ the c ~
hand, to assemble those elements ln the form of a single po¢table ob~ect having a credit card format, on the other hand bo prov.tde for sp3~tfic modes of testing and dtsplaying the state of accumu-lator 1 w~tle using co~mon means for the implementation of the various tests, whereby the system is si~plified and less cumber-saT e.
In this ~ , the inNention uses, as an energy scurc2, an accumwlabor having a negligeable autodischarge formed fro~ sheets or layers.
A nan limdtatlve example of such an accumulator is shown in figures 2.1 ~nd 2.2. It comprises, on a metallic anode 11, whlch is a curr~nt oollecbor, a set 12 oomprising a composite anode layer 13, mainly comprlsed of lithium, a polymer electro-lyte 14 and a cathkde 15 made of a plastic oomposite material.
Conwentionally, each of the layers 11, 13, 14 and 15 has a thickness ~n the range of 50 ~m. AooDr ~ ly, tha whole thi ~ of a cell, such as the o~e of figure 2.2 may be of abGut 0,2 mm.
m e i~v~ntion uses such a layer set on substantially all the available ~rrface of a structun~ of the credit card ~ype, ccnNenticnally having lateIal dimensions of 8~ x 54 ~m, that is abcut 40 cn~. With such a cell, one obtains a rated ene¢gy of 2~81D~5 volt. This cell has t~2e advan~age o~ })earin~ a}x~ut 100~) ~y~l s of ~arg~ afte~ a dee~ dis~ ins~ad of cnly 500 c~ycles f~r la.3er ~ 0,01 96 p~r y~r at 25C instead of 25 % p~r ~nm ~ar the ni~el~hTium. F~lr1~re, ff~is d~ioe nay ~rate in a ~ature range of -20 to +150C.
So, in a ~ular film of 8 J~ 5 (m, having a tllick-ness of 0, 2 mm, cne cibtains a K>ltage of 3 v~lts a~ a rated er~gy of 40 nAh. F~r cbtaining a 6 volt volty~e, a bloc:k asso r; ating t~ el~rentary ~rially ~ cells is form~d. Five parallel bloc}cs pr~vide a v~lta~e of 6 volts ~it~ a rat~d energy of 200 IrAh.
Aaoardingly, ~ e inv~tian provides an accunulator having a credit card format with a planar elec*rode str w bure of ths typa sh~n in flgures 2.1 and 2.2.
An example of ~h an arranJCment is illustrated in figure 3. The accumulator plates ll and 12 of flgure 2 are shcwn, plabe ll averhanging with ~espect ~o plate 12 for farming an ancde oGntaCt on its upper surfaoe. It is clear that a ~PU pile can also be used. The la ~ are formed or assembled on a carrier 20 made of a plastic film fo ~ the lower surfaoe of the cell, this film ha~lng apertures wherein solar cells 28 are placed.
A first printed circuit board 21 is used in particular for establishing a oontact with anode ll. A second prinbed Gircuit board 22 and a ~hird printed circult board 23 are also shown.
In the figure, the prinb~d ci~ w it board 22 comprises apertures 24-26. In those apertures are arrang3d int2grated circuits or other ~ ectronic oomponents, ~or example, an integra-ted cdrcuit camprising all the elements n~c~#:&Lry for charging the accumulabor from t~e mains, the mic~ooGn~roller 5 ~f figure 1, etc.~ The surfaoes of the prinbed circuit 22 ccmpri æ means for ocnn2cting the various elements and the accumulator elec-trodes ll, 12.
.
.. -, ...... . . ' : ~
2~8D~
In a fi~st a~ of the prinbed cir~uit board 23 ar~
ex(::ha~ and, in varia~s aE~tur~ 29-32 ( rP,fer b~ ~igure 4 ), displa~ devi~es. 1~ device is oo~ered wil~ a t~t plastic film 35 ~ which appear ~e ~r eleG~od~ 33. In a~ 29 a~ear tw:> ccntrol li~hts, f~r ~e s~la~ cell an~ ~e ~e ci~t. mrwgh ape;rt~ 30 32 app~ar far ~mple c~:ystal liquid displays, r~vely for ~e char~e ratio, the 10 eKplain~ in deta:al h2reirlafter.
Ir~d, an aspect of the ~ian is tt~ pmvide for ~ e display of state infoImati~n fo~ E ~ vid:ing a really self-oontained and reliable aocumulabor permanently providiny indica-tions on its cwn state.
Generally, a ~ltage measure~ent acxcss an acc~Llabor provides an i ~ ate me~surement of the charging state of this aocumulator. This is dNe to the f3ct that the disc~r~e/chary0 curve is nok linear in the useful voltage range and, additional-ly, depe~ds upon the load corr ctrd to th~ accumLlator.
ALoarding to th~e inwention, the ab~ve mentioned micro-co~troller is used for takiny measLremrnts of the current Il flowing through the accumulabor at times tl separated by regu-lar time intarvals ~t. ~t is chosen small enough for ccnsidering that the current is constant during a time inteIval ~t. Thus, ~he charge v~riation o~ in the accwm~lator is:
~ t~
I being negative in case of discharge and positive in case of charge. Knowing the maximum char~e ~ of the a~clmulator, whlch is a characteristic data thereof, thLse charge variations are summed ~n a regisber:
tI
At eveLy time, the charge stats ~ is cal llated:
/Q a x ] ~ in %-. .
~ '~ , . ~ ...... .. .' . .
.. . . .
.
2 ~
e aa~rrn~labar at~ a deep dis~har~, ane has:
rl = Q~
~ ~e a~lato~ i5 fully *~d, C~ has:
~Qi =
rl - 100 %, the r~gist~r is reset.
Ihis simple operaticm is easily caIried out bs! a micnD
~ roller E~ widec~ wiff~ calallati~, stc~rir~, analogic input-a~tput, ar~ display cx~t~ Teans. Additicnally, wh ~ themeasuLed charge state gets lower than a predetermined threshDld, the oontr~ller inhibits the output on the utilization circuit fQr avDiding an exoessive discharge of the oantroller, which could impalr this acsumulabor and for rnaintaining the operation of the microoontrDller and its asso~iated r~3m~ries.
Mbas~D~nent of the in~an~s consumption is r~de in a similar way by measuring at ~ach time interval ~t th~ vralue of the volta~e across th3 accumulabor and by calculating the diffe-rence ~ with } t bo the volta3e measured during the fo~mer 20 time int~:val. ~ value ~V/~t irxlicates tt~ ~ato~ fla~ o~
instanta~us ~su~tlal.
Aa~dir~ to an aspect of thle i~tion, t~e residual lifeti~e of the accumulat~r is also calculabed. Indeed, an aocu-mulator can be s ~ tted t~ a deb ~ number of charge and discharge cycles. It has a lifetime of N ~ull cycles and a capa-city e~l to Nx~ . Hbwever, in practioe, ~he me.sulenent .is m~re ccmple~ due to the fact that it happens that the ~lat~
is charged while it is not yet fully discharged. There~ore, one uses the aboNe mention2d neasureLent of the cha~e variation (~Q
= I~t) for m3asuring the charge rate. The total cha¢ge prcvided ~y ~e ~n~la~r sin~ it~; first ~ e is sk:~red in a r~gis-me residual lifetime is ~ly e~cess~ ~:
- ~ /~, ~, Y
:
2~$~6~
T~3 displ~3y in the ab~ve mEntic~3d ap3rb~e 32 can b2 ~r~latar.
q~ card e~dlng to ~ae invential c~riæs a c~w3c-ll~L as ca~ti~ally us~i with c~lit cards ( ~nr 33 of sl~s ~ reoeivin~ c~csr~ti~ cr~dit cards.
q~ i~ticn is liable of nE~ variant~s ~1 n~difica-tions ~ich will a~ to ffY~se skill~d in t~ art, as r~gards t~e select~an arxl the a~ar~t of ~e varials elements.
A coding l~e~oar~ 34 ( figures 3 and 4.1 ) ~xrwides a ~-trolled ac~ess to l~he souroe c~Rprised ~ the OEd a~ to an In ~icular, those skilled in the art will be able b~
c~0~3e and program a microcontroller hav:Lng m~ry an~ display contrt~l msar,s fa¢ satisfying the above mentic~ f~tions, fcr exa~ls, the microcx ntroller ,upl~75328 ~C of Nippon ~:1ectric (~p.
P~ditia~ally, the ~t disclosed in nnecti~
with figure 3 ccnstitutes c~l~ an ~Tplary ~cli~t o ff-e i~tial. Tho6e ~killed in t~e art will be able ~:> E~vide me~s ~ther than a pile of t~ree prin~d ci~wit ~s c~ associa-tir~, ~d~ to a cLedit card f~rmat, vario~s ~ar~e and m~s~t elemen~s with arl aoaDnulab~r oanprising a pile of ~ ets ~r planar lay ~ s.
Add~ticnally, t~ ao~lator and test ~elf~tain~d a:~npc~t ~rdi~ to the .Lnventic~ has been abc~ve disalo6ed in oonnecticn with an auto test use, ~hat is th~, test elements ar~, used ~or testinç~ ff~e aa~la-tor of the cnp~ent itself.
qhis self contained cc~t, associat~3d with ~e abc~ve m~ti~ed coding }~ can also be used as a o~npl~Tent of a main energy sour~e, for:
- ætting it, - ~ir~ its ~ge, ins~tane~s <~tia~
lifetime paramet~s, ..
-. ~ . , .
~8~
- ~e~s~ it...
elec~ic o~ k~y.
, ' ,, ~ ,, ' ' .
Ihe mains p~3sents of course the advantage of being a lar~ en~rgy ~urce (in as much as the A.C. mains a~ 110 or 220 V
is reliable) but has ~ maj~r draw~cs, that is, being 20 ~e, weigh~, nDisy~ subject ~ parasibes, ar~ not ~le.
~ e non-recba ~ l~ batte~y has t ~ draw~a~ of a limibed li~etime, a ra ~ poor reli~bility in an hcætile e~wi-rcnment, ~nd a high cost.
-.
.
- ' ' ' ~ ' 208B~6~
Ih~efc~re, ~e ~xresent tr~ is ~o use r~le aaa~la~s. Self ccntair~d like a batt~y, an a~ator sc)lve~ ~e E~blem of ~e llfetime due to ~e po~sibility of ~ging, ~ ~ of ~cges va~ a~d~
5 el}~nical nature of ff2e a~a~., Ihe p~blffn of reliability is h~ver nc~t solved. Additi~ally, r~ar~3~
~its for ~ur~le a~mulabcsrs ~e ge~2erally ~latively ccmplex and g~rate an el~tic n~iæ. Ad~i ticnally, if 10 cu~ ar~ tak~ an irflportant surfæ on a print~3d ci~t ~ard prwided in ~he syst~n.
An cbj~t of ff~ ir~enti~ is to provid~3 ~ an aQwru-latar syst~ with all its r~char~ and test elemerlts havir~ t~
form of a ælf{~c~tair~d portable: oanpa~t.
A more sp~dfic ab~ect of the ir~entiQn is to lmplement ~SU~I a self-oontained oompcnent having the usual cr3~Lt card format ( thin rec~u~ar card of about 85 x 54 cm).
For att ~ thcse cb~ects, the invention prc~i~C~ for a self-oontained portable el ~ ic componEnt having a credit 20 card fonTat c~rising at least ~ aoc~lator }na~e of a pile of sheets or planar layar~s, the surfaoe of which is s~tially equal to the surface of the ~it card, at least a charglny circ~it and state in~icatc~s oontc~lled bs~ a microc~ntroller associated to means for measurin~ at short and regularly spaced 25 time intervals the c~rrent in the accumulator and msans ~or calculating, storing, and summiny the charye variations.
Af~ordi~ t~ an ~t of the inventicn, the stat~
:Lndicators ocsnprise an indicator of the residual n~r o po~sible ~arges associated to t~e mean~s for ~ the oh~ge variatians durir~g the diæha~e p~as~.
1~ to an ~i~t of the im7ention, ~e state ir~ic~ators compriæ a ~ar~e ratio indicator ass0ciabed t:o the means for s~n~ni~ tl~e ~ e variat:icns durin~ t~e ~harge and di~char~ phases.
hx~ to an 0b~ent of t~e i~ti~, the state indicat~rs c~riæ an instarl~ c~lc~ indicabo~
~0~5 associat~3d with n~s f~r m3asur~ t~e v~ltage va~iatian at arly spaf~3d time in ~ . ...
Preferentially, ~e a~latar i~ c~ accmulat~r wi~
a poly~rer solid state electrolyte made of th:Lrl 1 3yers h~vir~ a 5 thickness of 1 to 500 micr~rete:rs havir~ auboclis~ar~e char~-Aaa~rding to an ~in~t of t~ irnJenti~, c~e of ~æ~nal surfc~s of ~e ca~t ca~riæs a soL3r cell arra~.
I'his ext~nal fc~e, or ~ o~r ~e, canprises c~ ~lec~ode area 10 for charyin~, us~ and ex~anging data with exte~n~ devices, this elec~ area 2 aving the stc~ard format of cr~dit cards el~s.
~ cdis~ to an ~ lin ~ t of ~ e i~ention, this oomponent comprises, above the sheet pile oonstituting the accu-mulator, at le2st one printed circuit board, one at least of those boards being prcvided with openings wherein are dispo6ed some at least of the electronic circuit elemenbs nel essRry to the operation of the component and the upper board comprising aper-tures wherein ~re disposed the stabe indicabors.
Acicrd1ng b~ an enb3diment of the invention, this compcnent oomprise~ an encoding keybcard.
Those ob~ects, features and advantages and others of the i tion will be explained in greater detail in the follo-wing description of preerred embodlments, in relation with the attached drawings wherein:
Figune 1 il.lustrates various elements 1ncnrporated in a self-oontained compcnent acm rdlng to the invention;
Figu~e 2.1 is a schematic fnont view of an accumulabor ~Pll aicordbng to the ~ tion and figure 2.2 is a section view of the cell;
Figure 3 is a schematic cross section of an arrangemRn~
o~ elements ~ ituting an embodlnent of the invention; and Figure 4.1 is a schematic front vlew of ~he mtlucbul3 of figure 3; and figure 4.2 is a view of the other ~ æ of the s~r~cblre o~ figune 3.
.
- 2 ~ 6 ~
~ris~ for its c~ging ~ its t~stir~ a ~et oE el~snts of an a~latc~r æt 1, a ~arging c~it 2, a ~cr~c~r 3 havir~
5 c~arging ~min~s 3 .1, utillzation ~ls 3 . 2 and dlata ex~a~e termi~s 3.3., a solar c~ll 4, being a~ ~ar~ing n~s, a micma~troller 5 associa~d wi~ display cir~uits 5 f~
prwiding varia3s infnaticns cn t~3 state of a~mulat~es 1, ar~ an opticnal k~o~ 7 fo~ data input.
AS ir~c~ted a~, ~se el~nts usually exist in t~
form of various ccmp~ts ~oed at varials positia~s of a syst~n, p~;sibly cn the sa~ E~rinted Gi:rwit board.
The ob~ect of the pres ~t i~venticn is, OQ the c ~
hand, to assemble those elements ln the form of a single po¢table ob~ect having a credit card format, on the other hand bo prov.tde for sp3~tfic modes of testing and dtsplaying the state of accumu-lator 1 w~tle using co~mon means for the implementation of the various tests, whereby the system is si~plified and less cumber-saT e.
In this ~ , the inNention uses, as an energy scurc2, an accumwlabor having a negligeable autodischarge formed fro~ sheets or layers.
A nan limdtatlve example of such an accumulator is shown in figures 2.1 ~nd 2.2. It comprises, on a metallic anode 11, whlch is a curr~nt oollecbor, a set 12 oomprising a composite anode layer 13, mainly comprlsed of lithium, a polymer electro-lyte 14 and a cathkde 15 made of a plastic oomposite material.
Conwentionally, each of the layers 11, 13, 14 and 15 has a thickness ~n the range of 50 ~m. AooDr ~ ly, tha whole thi ~ of a cell, such as the o~e of figure 2.2 may be of abGut 0,2 mm.
m e i~v~ntion uses such a layer set on substantially all the available ~rrface of a structun~ of the credit card ~ype, ccnNenticnally having lateIal dimensions of 8~ x 54 ~m, that is abcut 40 cn~. With such a cell, one obtains a rated ene¢gy of 2~81D~5 volt. This cell has t~2e advan~age o~ })earin~ a}x~ut 100~) ~y~l s of ~arg~ afte~ a dee~ dis~ ins~ad of cnly 500 c~ycles f~r la.3er ~ 0,01 96 p~r y~r at 25C instead of 25 % p~r ~nm ~ar the ni~el~hTium. F~lr1~re, ff~is d~ioe nay ~rate in a ~ature range of -20 to +150C.
So, in a ~ular film of 8 J~ 5 (m, having a tllick-ness of 0, 2 mm, cne cibtains a K>ltage of 3 v~lts a~ a rated er~gy of 40 nAh. F~r cbtaining a 6 volt volty~e, a bloc:k asso r; ating t~ el~rentary ~rially ~ cells is form~d. Five parallel bloc}cs pr~vide a v~lta~e of 6 volts ~it~ a rat~d energy of 200 IrAh.
Aaoardingly, ~ e inv~tian provides an accunulator having a credit card format with a planar elec*rode str w bure of ths typa sh~n in flgures 2.1 and 2.2.
An example of ~h an arranJCment is illustrated in figure 3. The accumulator plates ll and 12 of flgure 2 are shcwn, plabe ll averhanging with ~espect ~o plate 12 for farming an ancde oGntaCt on its upper surfaoe. It is clear that a ~PU pile can also be used. The la ~ are formed or assembled on a carrier 20 made of a plastic film fo ~ the lower surfaoe of the cell, this film ha~lng apertures wherein solar cells 28 are placed.
A first printed circuit board 21 is used in particular for establishing a oontact with anode ll. A second prinbed Gircuit board 22 and a ~hird printed circult board 23 are also shown.
In the figure, the prinb~d ci~ w it board 22 comprises apertures 24-26. In those apertures are arrang3d int2grated circuits or other ~ ectronic oomponents, ~or example, an integra-ted cdrcuit camprising all the elements n~c~#:&Lry for charging the accumulabor from t~e mains, the mic~ooGn~roller 5 ~f figure 1, etc.~ The surfaoes of the prinbed circuit 22 ccmpri æ means for ocnn2cting the various elements and the accumulator elec-trodes ll, 12.
.
.. -, ...... . . ' : ~
2~8D~
In a fi~st a~ of the prinbed cir~uit board 23 ar~
ex(::ha~ and, in varia~s aE~tur~ 29-32 ( rP,fer b~ ~igure 4 ), displa~ devi~es. 1~ device is oo~ered wil~ a t~t plastic film 35 ~ which appear ~e ~r eleG~od~ 33. In a~ 29 a~ear tw:> ccntrol li~hts, f~r ~e s~la~ cell an~ ~e ~e ci~t. mrwgh ape;rt~ 30 32 app~ar far ~mple c~:ystal liquid displays, r~vely for ~e char~e ratio, the 10 eKplain~ in deta:al h2reirlafter.
Ir~d, an aspect of the ~ian is tt~ pmvide for ~ e display of state infoImati~n fo~ E ~ vid:ing a really self-oontained and reliable aocumulabor permanently providiny indica-tions on its cwn state.
Generally, a ~ltage measure~ent acxcss an acc~Llabor provides an i ~ ate me~surement of the charging state of this aocumulator. This is dNe to the f3ct that the disc~r~e/chary0 curve is nok linear in the useful voltage range and, additional-ly, depe~ds upon the load corr ctrd to th~ accumLlator.
ALoarding to th~e inwention, the ab~ve mentioned micro-co~troller is used for takiny measLremrnts of the current Il flowing through the accumulabor at times tl separated by regu-lar time intarvals ~t. ~t is chosen small enough for ccnsidering that the current is constant during a time inteIval ~t. Thus, ~he charge v~riation o~ in the accwm~lator is:
~ t~
I being negative in case of discharge and positive in case of charge. Knowing the maximum char~e ~ of the a~clmulator, whlch is a characteristic data thereof, thLse charge variations are summed ~n a regisber:
tI
At eveLy time, the charge stats ~ is cal llated:
/Q a x ] ~ in %-. .
~ '~ , . ~ ...... .. .' . .
.. . . .
.
2 ~
e aa~rrn~labar at~ a deep dis~har~, ane has:
rl = Q~
~ ~e a~lato~ i5 fully *~d, C~ has:
~Qi =
rl - 100 %, the r~gist~r is reset.
Ihis simple operaticm is easily caIried out bs! a micnD
~ roller E~ widec~ wiff~ calallati~, stc~rir~, analogic input-a~tput, ar~ display cx~t~ Teans. Additicnally, wh ~ themeasuLed charge state gets lower than a predetermined threshDld, the oontr~ller inhibits the output on the utilization circuit fQr avDiding an exoessive discharge of the oantroller, which could impalr this acsumulabor and for rnaintaining the operation of the microoontrDller and its asso~iated r~3m~ries.
Mbas~D~nent of the in~an~s consumption is r~de in a similar way by measuring at ~ach time interval ~t th~ vralue of the volta~e across th3 accumulabor and by calculating the diffe-rence ~ with } t bo the volta3e measured during the fo~mer 20 time int~:val. ~ value ~V/~t irxlicates tt~ ~ato~ fla~ o~
instanta~us ~su~tlal.
Aa~dir~ to an aspect of thle i~tion, t~e residual lifeti~e of the accumulat~r is also calculabed. Indeed, an aocu-mulator can be s ~ tted t~ a deb ~ number of charge and discharge cycles. It has a lifetime of N ~ull cycles and a capa-city e~l to Nx~ . Hbwever, in practioe, ~he me.sulenent .is m~re ccmple~ due to the fact that it happens that the ~lat~
is charged while it is not yet fully discharged. There~ore, one uses the aboNe mention2d neasureLent of the cha~e variation (~Q
= I~t) for m3asuring the charge rate. The total cha¢ge prcvided ~y ~e ~n~la~r sin~ it~; first ~ e is sk:~red in a r~gis-me residual lifetime is ~ly e~cess~ ~:
- ~ /~, ~, Y
:
2~$~6~
T~3 displ~3y in the ab~ve mEntic~3d ap3rb~e 32 can b2 ~r~latar.
q~ card e~dlng to ~ae invential c~riæs a c~w3c-ll~L as ca~ti~ally us~i with c~lit cards ( ~nr 33 of sl~s ~ reoeivin~ c~csr~ti~ cr~dit cards.
q~ i~ticn is liable of nE~ variant~s ~1 n~difica-tions ~ich will a~ to ffY~se skill~d in t~ art, as r~gards t~e select~an arxl the a~ar~t of ~e varials elements.
A coding l~e~oar~ 34 ( figures 3 and 4.1 ) ~xrwides a ~-trolled ac~ess to l~he souroe c~Rprised ~ the OEd a~ to an In ~icular, those skilled in the art will be able b~
c~0~3e and program a microcontroller hav:Lng m~ry an~ display contrt~l msar,s fa¢ satisfying the above mentic~ f~tions, fcr exa~ls, the microcx ntroller ,upl~75328 ~C of Nippon ~:1ectric (~p.
P~ditia~ally, the ~t disclosed in nnecti~
with figure 3 ccnstitutes c~l~ an ~Tplary ~cli~t o ff-e i~tial. Tho6e ~killed in t~e art will be able ~:> E~vide me~s ~ther than a pile of t~ree prin~d ci~wit ~s c~ associa-tir~, ~d~ to a cLedit card f~rmat, vario~s ~ar~e and m~s~t elemen~s with arl aoaDnulab~r oanprising a pile of ~ ets ~r planar lay ~ s.
Add~ticnally, t~ ao~lator and test ~elf~tain~d a:~npc~t ~rdi~ to the .Lnventic~ has been abc~ve disalo6ed in oonnecticn with an auto test use, ~hat is th~, test elements ar~, used ~or testinç~ ff~e aa~la-tor of the cnp~ent itself.
qhis self contained cc~t, associat~3d with ~e abc~ve m~ti~ed coding }~ can also be used as a o~npl~Tent of a main energy sour~e, for:
- ætting it, - ~ir~ its ~ge, ins~tane~s <~tia~
lifetime paramet~s, ..
-. ~ . , .
~8~
- ~e~s~ it...
elec~ic o~ k~y.
, ' ,, ~ ,, ' ' .
Claims (9)
1. A self-contained portable electronic component having a credit card format comprising:
at least an accumulator (1) made of a pile of sheets or planar layers (11, 12), the surface of which is substantially equal to the surface of the credit card, at least a charge circuit (2, 4), a microcontroller associated with means for measuring at short and regular time intervals .DELTA.t the positive or negative current I in the accumulator and means for calculating, storing and summing the charge variations (.DELTA.Q = I.DELTA.t), an indicator of the residual number of possible recharge, using the result (Q) of the charge variation sum during the discharge phases and displaying the result of the relation 1 - Q- /NQmax, and a charge ratio indicator using the result (.SIGMA..DELTA.Q1) of the sommation of the charge variation during the charge and discharge phases and displaying the result of the relation ? = 100[1 + .SIGMA.Q1/ Qmax], in %, where Qmax designates the predetermined value of the maximum charge of the accumulator and N the predetermined value of its maximum number of full recharge.
at least an accumulator (1) made of a pile of sheets or planar layers (11, 12), the surface of which is substantially equal to the surface of the credit card, at least a charge circuit (2, 4), a microcontroller associated with means for measuring at short and regular time intervals .DELTA.t the positive or negative current I in the accumulator and means for calculating, storing and summing the charge variations (.DELTA.Q = I.DELTA.t), an indicator of the residual number of possible recharge, using the result (Q) of the charge variation sum during the discharge phases and displaying the result of the relation 1 - Q- /NQmax, and a charge ratio indicator using the result (.SIGMA..DELTA.Q1) of the sommation of the charge variation during the charge and discharge phases and displaying the result of the relation ? = 100[1 + .SIGMA.Q1/ Qmax], in %, where Qmax designates the predetermined value of the maximum charge of the accumulator and N the predetermined value of its maximum number of full recharge.
2. A component according to claim 1, further comprising an instantaneous consumption indicator associated with means for measuring the voltage variation (.DELTA.V) at said regular time intervals (.DELTA.t).
3. A component according to claim 1, wherein the accu-mulator comprises a polymere solid state electrolyte made of thin layers having a thickness of 1 to 500 micrometers.
4. A component according to claim 1 having one external face comprising a solar cell array.
5. A component according to claim 1 having one external face comprising an electrode area for charging, using and data-exchanging, this area having the standard format of credit card electrodes.
6. A component according to claim 1 comprising, above the sheet pile (11, 12) forming the accumulator, at least one printed circuit board (21, 22, 23), one at least of said board being provided with apertures (24, 25, 26) wherein are placed at least some of the electronic circuit elements necessary to the operation of the component, the upper board (23) being provided with apertures (29, 32) wherein are placed state indicators appa-rent from the outside.
7. A component according to claim 1, comprising means for contacting its state indicators to an external accumulator, for testing the latter.
8. A component according to claim 1, further comprising an encoding keyboard controlling means for determining an access towards its internal supply source or an external supply source.
9. A component according to claim 1, further comprising means for inhibiting the accumulator output when its charging state is lower than a predetermined threshold.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9101976A FR2672713A1 (en) | 1991-02-13 | 1991-02-13 | FEEDING COMPONENT OF THE CREDIT CARD TYPE. |
| FR91/01976 | 1992-02-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2080465A1 true CA2080465A1 (en) | 1992-08-14 |
Family
ID=9409884
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002080465A Abandoned CA2080465A1 (en) | 1991-02-13 | 1992-02-12 | Supply component of the credit card type |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5449994A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0524304B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH05506980A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2080465A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69207101T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2083161T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2672713A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1992015140A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE9108866U1 (en) * | 1991-07-18 | 1991-10-10 | Theo Benning Elektrotechnik Und Elektronik Gmbh & Co Kg, 4290 Bocholt, De | |
| US5622789A (en) * | 1994-09-12 | 1997-04-22 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Battery cell having an internal circuit for controlling its operation |
| US7194801B2 (en) | 2000-03-24 | 2007-03-27 | Cymbet Corporation | Thin-film battery having ultra-thin electrolyte and associated method |
| WO2002096278A1 (en) * | 2000-08-25 | 2002-12-05 | Neoseed Technology Llc | Prostate visualization device and methods of use |
| US6758404B2 (en) * | 2001-08-03 | 2004-07-06 | General Instrument Corporation | Media cipher smart card |
| FR2831332B1 (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2006-05-05 | Technopuce | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING AN INFORMATION DEVICE AND DEVICE OBTAINED THEREBY |
| US7603144B2 (en) | 2003-01-02 | 2009-10-13 | Cymbet Corporation | Active wireless tagging system on peel and stick substrate |
| US7294209B2 (en) | 2003-01-02 | 2007-11-13 | Cymbet Corporation | Apparatus and method for depositing material onto a substrate using a roll-to-roll mask |
| US6906436B2 (en) * | 2003-01-02 | 2005-06-14 | Cymbet Corporation | Solid state activity-activated battery device and method |
| FR2855338B1 (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2006-09-15 | Somfy Sas | DEVICE COMPRISING A MINI APPARATUS OF ELECTRIC POWER STORAGE MEDIUM POWERED BY A PHOTOVOLTAIC PANEL AND ITS CHARGING METHOD |
| US7211351B2 (en) | 2003-10-16 | 2007-05-01 | Cymbet Corporation | Lithium/air batteries with LiPON as separator and protective barrier and method |
| KR20070024473A (en) | 2004-01-06 | 2007-03-02 | 사임베트 코퍼레이션 | Layered barrier structure having one or more definable layers and method |
| DE102004057239A1 (en) * | 2004-11-26 | 2006-06-01 | Austriamicrosystems Ag | Device and method for charging and charge control of a rechargeable battery |
| US7776478B2 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2010-08-17 | Cymbet Corporation | Thin-film batteries with polymer and LiPON electrolyte layers and method |
| KR101387855B1 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2014-04-22 | 사임베트 코퍼레이션 | Thin-film batteries with soft and hard electrolyte layers and method |
| DE102006017997A1 (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-08 | Varta Microbattery Gmbh | Mobile charger for recharging secondary batteries from secondary batteries |
| US8181879B2 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2012-05-22 | Solicore, Inc. | Mailing apparatus for powered cards |
| WO2008082616A1 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2008-07-10 | Solicore, Inc. | Card configured to receive separate battery |
| US9324071B2 (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2016-04-26 | Visa U.S.A. Inc. | Powering financial transaction token with onboard power source |
| JP2011008967A (en) * | 2009-06-23 | 2011-01-13 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | Solar battery compound lithium battery module |
| EP3960215A1 (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2022-03-02 | Incept, LLC | Implants and biodegradable fiducial markers |
| US9853325B2 (en) | 2011-06-29 | 2017-12-26 | Space Charge, LLC | Rugged, gel-free, lithium-free, high energy density solid-state electrochemical energy storage devices |
| US11527774B2 (en) | 2011-06-29 | 2022-12-13 | Space Charge, LLC | Electrochemical energy storage devices |
| US10601074B2 (en) | 2011-06-29 | 2020-03-24 | Space Charge, LLC | Rugged, gel-free, lithium-free, high energy density solid-state electrochemical energy storage devices |
| EP3762989A4 (en) | 2018-03-07 | 2021-12-15 | Space Charge, LLC | Thin-film solid-state energy-storage devices |
| US20210020999A1 (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2021-01-21 | King Abdullah University Of Science And Technology | Portable energy collection and storage device, method of production, and method of use |
| IT202000016594A1 (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2022-01-09 | Nazario Vidone | SELF-RECHARGING BATTERY |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2337962A1 (en) * | 1976-01-09 | 1977-08-05 | Redresseurs Statiques Indls | Accumulator battery charging circuit - interrupts charging as soon as voltages reaches constant level corresponding to full charge |
| US4289836A (en) * | 1980-03-05 | 1981-09-15 | Lemelson Jerome H | Rechargeable electric battery system |
| GB2116728B (en) * | 1982-02-23 | 1986-03-05 | Bowthorpe Holdings Plc | Battery charge monitor |
| JPS5963673A (en) * | 1982-10-01 | 1984-04-11 | Hitachi Ltd | Photoelectric cell |
| JPS61294754A (en) * | 1985-06-24 | 1986-12-25 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Sealed storage battery |
| FR2586482B1 (en) * | 1985-08-23 | 1988-02-19 | Abiven Jacques | DEVICE FOR MONITORING A BATTERY |
| GB8528472D0 (en) * | 1985-11-19 | 1985-12-24 | British Aerospace | Battery state of charge indicator |
| DE3702796C2 (en) * | 1987-01-30 | 1997-01-09 | Juergen Dipl Ing Hartwig | Rechargeable power supply device |
| JPS63276836A (en) * | 1987-05-07 | 1988-11-15 | Toshiba Corp | Multifunctional card |
| JPH01143984A (en) * | 1987-11-30 | 1989-06-06 | Aisin Aw Co Ltd | Device for monitoring battery state |
| GB2214008B (en) * | 1987-12-16 | 1992-02-12 | Technophone Ltd | Portable electrical device with rechargeable battery pack |
| JPH01167914A (en) * | 1987-12-24 | 1989-07-03 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Superconducting complex cable |
-
1991
- 1991-02-13 FR FR9101976A patent/FR2672713A1/en active Granted
-
1992
- 1992-02-12 WO PCT/FR1992/000124 patent/WO1992015140A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1992-02-12 EP EP92906535A patent/EP0524304B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-02-12 JP JP92506013A patent/JPH05506980A/en active Pending
- 1992-02-12 CA CA002080465A patent/CA2080465A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-02-12 US US07/937,900 patent/US5449994A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-02-12 ES ES92906535T patent/ES2083161T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-02-12 DE DE69207101T patent/DE69207101T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69207101D1 (en) | 1996-02-08 |
| FR2672713A1 (en) | 1992-08-14 |
| JPH05506980A (en) | 1993-10-07 |
| EP0524304A1 (en) | 1993-01-27 |
| DE69207101T2 (en) | 1996-08-22 |
| WO1992015140A1 (en) | 1992-09-03 |
| ES2083161T3 (en) | 1996-04-01 |
| US5449994A (en) | 1995-09-12 |
| EP0524304B1 (en) | 1995-12-27 |
| FR2672713B1 (en) | 1995-05-05 |
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