CA2114544C - Commercial-size, automatic industrial plant having several parts - Google Patents
Commercial-size, automatic industrial plant having several parts Download PDFInfo
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- CA2114544C CA2114544C CA002114544A CA2114544A CA2114544C CA 2114544 C CA2114544 C CA 2114544C CA 002114544 A CA002114544 A CA 002114544A CA 2114544 A CA2114544 A CA 2114544A CA 2114544 C CA2114544 C CA 2114544C
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B41/00—Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/05—Programmable logic controllers, e.g. simulating logic interconnections of signals according to ladder diagrams or function charts
- G05B19/052—Linking several PLC's
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS], computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
- G05B19/4185—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS], computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by the network communication
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
Abstract
Commercial-size, automatic industrial plant having several parts Commercial-size, automatic industrial plant having several parts, in particular a primary industry plant, for example coke ovens, in which the various plant parts, which partially interact with one another, have a common automation system which has automation devices which carry out individual functions and are connected by means of data lines to a master control unit and via the latter to one another, the automation devices (19) being connected to one another via local data transmission units (3), so as to exchange data directly, to form automation groups (4-12) individually capable of operat-ing autonomously, according to the technological struc-ture of the plant, and the automation devices (19) independently carrying out the processing of the values from the plant and the adjusting, controlling and regu-lating of the plant components assigned to an automation group (7), distributed according to their programming, on the basis of the plant data supplied to them.
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Description
Commercial-size, automatic industrial plant having several parts The invention relates to a commercial-size, automatic industrial plant having several parts, in particular a primary industry plant, for example coke ovens, in which the various plant parts, which partially interact with one another, have a common automation system which has automation devices which carry out individual functions and are connected by means of data lines to a master control unit and via the latter to one another.
Commercial-size, automatic industrial plants having several parts have a multiplicity of individual functions to be controlled and regulated in an interacting manner, which are usually monitored, controlled and regulated by automation systems, for example the Simatic S5 system of Siemens AG.
According to the prior art, the individual automation devices either exchange data directly with one another or communicate via a bus system with one another and with a master control unit, if the plant has such a unit. The individual automation devices are connected to the bus system via parallel or, more often, serial interfaces. A corresponding system and the automation devices used in it are shown, for example, by the Simatic S5 brochure "Individuelle Losungen fur jede Automatisierungsaufgabe" (Individual solutions for every automation task) of Siemens AG, Germany, March 1989. On the page "Offene Kommunikation in jeder Automatisierungsebene"
(Open communication on every automation level), open, local bus systems are shown by way of example. Such automation systems can be used universally and are good at meeting the requirements for a partially or fully automatic mode of operating plants. However, the data management in such automation systems requires relatively considerable effort and, in the event of plant extensions or modifications, parts of the software systems frequently created. In the event of modifications or extensions, interface problems also often arise. In addition, large volumes of data have to be moved via the bus systems and/or t:he master control unit. Reprogramming operations require considerable effort and are therefore often deferred, even if there is an obvious necessity.
A "Prozessleit:system fur eine Kokereianlage" (Process control system for a coking plant), equipped with freel~.~
programmable, autonomou~~ control devices, is known from "Haul der Technik, Vortragsveroffentlichungen 485" (House of technology lecture publications 485), Authors: H. Schmiclt-Balve and U. Priiser, pages 4 t:o 9. Here, see in particular Figure 3, sensors, stored-program controllers (SPCs) and an operating control computer form a process level, a data processing level and a master control level. Here too, there is a considerable data management effort and interface problems arise. The volume of data to be processed by the master control computer is great; its failure ox- a loss of data have serious consequences.
A configuration of a process control system of: a similar type with three levels, but using largely the same automation devices, is :shown by the automation structure of Kokerei Prosper, which is published under the title "Homogene Automatisierungsstruktur lost Nahtstellenprobleme" (Homogeneous automation structure so7_ves interface problems) in the journal Siemens Energy & Automat:ion, 8th year, Issue 4, May/June 1986 on pages 219 to 223. Here,. the automation devices of the master control level are connected in a stellar manner to the automation devices of the processing level. This also applies to the fault messages. Although the hierarchical structure shown is already subdivided and the device types are largely standardized, the plant is nevertheless still configured on the 2a principle of conventional technology of known automation systems.
It is the object of the invention to specify a commercial-size, automatic industrial plant having several parts, in particular a primary industry plant, which is configured in an advantageous, novel way with respect to its automation structure. The existing data buses and interfaces are to be considerably relieved in comparison with the prior art. Furthermore, autonomous continued operation of the individual plant parts even in the event of faults in the master control unit and its peripherals, in the bus system or in any automation group is to be possible without having to rely on elaborate redundancy.
The object is achieved by the automation devices being connected to one another via local data trans-mission units, so as to exchange data directly, to form automation groups individually capable of operating autonomously, according to the technological structure of the plant, the automation devices independently carrying out the processing of the values from the plant and the adjusting, controlling and regulating of the plant components assigned to an automation group, distributed according to their programming, on the basis of the plant data supplied to them. By departing from the known level structure and creating function areas exchanging data directly by simple and clear structures which can be adapted to the subtasks in a plant, the automation structure according to the invention becomes particularly simple in an advantageous way. In this case, many func-tions previously performed by master control units are transferred to the processing level.
Particular advantages which arise in this case are that simple and simultaneous commissioning of the various plant parts is possible, there continues to be a distinct interfacial delimitation from neighboring and superordinate systems and the possibility of using small and manageable programs optimized area-selectively.
Extensions, additions and modifications of parts of the plant are thus possible without adversely affecting the operation in progress of the plant as a whole.
In the case of the invention it is provided that the automation devices are designed as devices of the same type throughout, to standardize and simplify software and interfaces. If the automation devices are designed as devices of the same type, this type must be selected according to the requirements for the individual device which is loaded the most. As a result, the remaining devices are overequipped in terms of hardware, but on close examination it has surprisingly been shown that the rationalization effect attained by the automation devices actually being homogeneous throughout.
reduces the overall costs of the plant. The advantages which a plant with automation devices of the same type offers are, in particular, lower planning and commissioning costs, lower costs in personnel training, 1_ess capital tied up in the stock-keeping of spare parts, the avoidance of interface problems and simpler servicing. In addition, the hardware includes ~>till considerable capacity rE:serves, so that even if there are functional extensions in individual plant parts no hardware extensions become neces:~ary.
The local data transmission units are advantageously unselectively acting int:erface expanders which, operating as local buses, connect the automation devices to data buses, for example to a main bus or- a secondary bus. This produce's a particularly advantageous connection of the individual automation devices in the automation device groups, with the possibility of direct, f=ast communication between the individual devices of an automation group with the customary coupling to the bus cyst:em. The respective assignment of the data to the automation devices and buses is advantageou:~ly performed simply by freely transmitting data without regard to its origin and address recognition.
The coupling elements between the automation groups and the buses or else between the buses themselves one advantageously designed to be at least partially data-selectively acting, for example as intelligent bridges, in particular with driver function, in order to decouple wherever appropriate plant parts with large volumes of data. In this case, the data selection is performed at local data transmission units, secondary buses and main buses according to the structure of the plant, the coupling or connecting elements holding back the signa.l:~ relevant only to one plant party from other plant parts. Thi;~ produces an advantageous reduction in data transmission, in particular in the main bus. The data selectivity i.s advantagf=_ously also achieved by means of an 1G address selection.
The intelligent bridges, for example the data~-selectively c>perating connecting elements, are advantageously designed as 1.0 Mbit/s b<~se band network amplifiers. Thus, a ready-made electronic component originally developed for bus l~~ extension (the SINEC F3r:idge 402 of Siemens AG), which just like the known buses has already been tried and tested in plants, may be advantageously used. In a new function, such a bridge allows a particularly advantageous design of the automation structure according tc>the invention.
20 The intelligent. bridges, which may be arranged in plurality in the buse:~, or the data-selectively operating connecting e7_ementS, ciY'~° advantageously designed as sel:f-programming, or self-learning to automatically analyze the sender addresses and t:o transmit only the data which are not 25 addressed to terminal: of: the same subnetwork (comparison of transmitting and receiving directions). Thus, on the one hand, the volume of. data in the buses and in the operating computer is reduced and, on the other hand, it is ensured that all relevant data can pas: the intelligent bridge. This applies 30 both to the data of the operating unit and to the data from and to a programming device or the like, and also for example to the data from and to a unit for periodic maintenance and servicing.
5a In the case o:E coke ovens, for which the automation structure according to i~he invention for primary industry plants was first developed, since here the advantages in terms of cost are particularly evident in a positive way, a plurality of visualization and operator control devices for the individual automation g:rou.ps can be combined in a common master control room.
In summary t.h:is invention seeks to provide an automation system for a primary industry industrial plant having several partially interacting parts, comprising: a) automation devices whi.clZ carry out individual functions; b) a data bus; c) local data transmission units connecting said automation devices thereby permitting said automation devices to exchange data directly and thereby defining automation 1~~ groups being capable of operating autonomously, according to the technological structure of the plant; and d) inter:Eace units coupling said local data transmission units to said data bus, wherein said automation devices independently procE=_ss values from the plant to control the plant components assigned to each of the automation groups distributed according to their programming, based on plant data supplied to them, said interface units allowing communication between automation devices allocated to different automation groups.
This inventi.o:n also seeks to provide an automation 2~> system for a primary industry industrial plant having severally partially interacting plarLt parts, comprising: a) a data bus;
b) a plurality of aut.omat:ion device groups assigned to plant parts, at least one of: said plurality of automation device groups capable of operating autonomously and including i) a plurality of automation devices which carry out individual functions, independent:.ly processing values from the plaint to control components of the assigned plant parts, and ii) a local data transmission unit permitting data communication 5b among said plurality of automation devices; and c) a p:Lurality of interface units, each coupling one of said plurality of automation device groups with said data bus and allowing communication between automation devices allocated to different ~~ automation device group;.
The invention is described more specifically with reference to drawings, from which further details can be taken.
Specifically, Fig. 1 shows the automation struc ture of coke ovens as an example of a commercial-size plant.
In Fig. 1, 1 denotes a main bus and 2 denotes a secondary bus, for example for the gas°treatment and coal by-products plant of the coke ovens. The automation devices of the plant are combined in groups 4-12. In the automation device groups 4, 5, 6 and 7, automation devices 19 are diagrammatically represented as an example. The automation devices 19 are connected by means of interface expanders or other local data transmission units via interfaces 16 to the main bus 1 or the secon dary bus 2. 8, 9, 10 and 11 denote, by way of example, individual plant parts, which are combined by means of the secondary bus 2 to form an automation group. This structure is recommendable in the case of plant parts with particularly great interactions between them.
Between the main bus 1 and the secondary bus 2 there is arranged an intelligent bridge, denoted by 1?, which according to the invention operating data-selectively does not serve for bus extension but connects two parallel buses to each other. The interfaces 16 may also be designed as intelligent bridges if this is required for reasons of the volumes of data or for other reasons.
For completion, the plant also has at least one programming device 13, an operating unit 14 and a unit for periodic maintenance and servicing 15. This unit 'is also fed data, symbolized by the arrow 20, from outside the automation system.
Fault signals are generally fed to the operating unit 14 or to a special device. Due to the independent operation, the fault signals can accumulate in a time delayed manner. For satisfactory event monitoring, they receive a time stamp and can later be sorted in an advantageous way. Thus, as compared with the known star structure, there is no disadvantage in determining the causes of malfunctions.
As already diagrammatically indicated, the number of automation devices of each automation device group 4, 7 and 12 and also 18 varies and is adapted to the respec tive task of the automation device group. Thus, for example, the automation device group 4, intended for the treatment of the charge coal, has seven automation devices, the automation group 5 for the stationary units of the coke production means has ten automation devices, the automation device group 6 for the mobile units of the coke production means and the central dust removal means has sixteen automation devices for two sets of oven-attending machines and, finally, the automation group 7 for the coke screening means has eight automation devices.
As automation devices, use is advantageously made, for example, of the largest automation devices of the Simatic series of the Siemens company, the devices S5-155 U. In a surprising way, in spite of the large number of these devices, to be found in the uppermost capacity range of stored-program controllers (in the case of the planned coke ovens, for example, over 70 devices), with increased flexibility overall, the configuration of the plant is less expensive than if automation devices adapted individually to the respective function require-ments, for example of types 135 U or 115 U or still smaller, were used.
The commercial-size, industrial plant automated according to the invention may be configured not only in the form shown for areas with signals relevant to safety, for example in the case of shaft hoisting plants or com mercial-size hoisting plants, or in chemistry; a separ ate, divided structure with automation device groups for signals not relevant to safety and, of a smaller design and operating faster, only for signals relevant to safety array be appropriate. Such a plant, however, makes use of the basic idea of the invention in just the same way as the plant with a different bus structure or a greater
Commercial-size, automatic industrial plants having several parts have a multiplicity of individual functions to be controlled and regulated in an interacting manner, which are usually monitored, controlled and regulated by automation systems, for example the Simatic S5 system of Siemens AG.
According to the prior art, the individual automation devices either exchange data directly with one another or communicate via a bus system with one another and with a master control unit, if the plant has such a unit. The individual automation devices are connected to the bus system via parallel or, more often, serial interfaces. A corresponding system and the automation devices used in it are shown, for example, by the Simatic S5 brochure "Individuelle Losungen fur jede Automatisierungsaufgabe" (Individual solutions for every automation task) of Siemens AG, Germany, March 1989. On the page "Offene Kommunikation in jeder Automatisierungsebene"
(Open communication on every automation level), open, local bus systems are shown by way of example. Such automation systems can be used universally and are good at meeting the requirements for a partially or fully automatic mode of operating plants. However, the data management in such automation systems requires relatively considerable effort and, in the event of plant extensions or modifications, parts of the software systems frequently created. In the event of modifications or extensions, interface problems also often arise. In addition, large volumes of data have to be moved via the bus systems and/or t:he master control unit. Reprogramming operations require considerable effort and are therefore often deferred, even if there is an obvious necessity.
A "Prozessleit:system fur eine Kokereianlage" (Process control system for a coking plant), equipped with freel~.~
programmable, autonomou~~ control devices, is known from "Haul der Technik, Vortragsveroffentlichungen 485" (House of technology lecture publications 485), Authors: H. Schmiclt-Balve and U. Priiser, pages 4 t:o 9. Here, see in particular Figure 3, sensors, stored-program controllers (SPCs) and an operating control computer form a process level, a data processing level and a master control level. Here too, there is a considerable data management effort and interface problems arise. The volume of data to be processed by the master control computer is great; its failure ox- a loss of data have serious consequences.
A configuration of a process control system of: a similar type with three levels, but using largely the same automation devices, is :shown by the automation structure of Kokerei Prosper, which is published under the title "Homogene Automatisierungsstruktur lost Nahtstellenprobleme" (Homogeneous automation structure so7_ves interface problems) in the journal Siemens Energy & Automat:ion, 8th year, Issue 4, May/June 1986 on pages 219 to 223. Here,. the automation devices of the master control level are connected in a stellar manner to the automation devices of the processing level. This also applies to the fault messages. Although the hierarchical structure shown is already subdivided and the device types are largely standardized, the plant is nevertheless still configured on the 2a principle of conventional technology of known automation systems.
It is the object of the invention to specify a commercial-size, automatic industrial plant having several parts, in particular a primary industry plant, which is configured in an advantageous, novel way with respect to its automation structure. The existing data buses and interfaces are to be considerably relieved in comparison with the prior art. Furthermore, autonomous continued operation of the individual plant parts even in the event of faults in the master control unit and its peripherals, in the bus system or in any automation group is to be possible without having to rely on elaborate redundancy.
The object is achieved by the automation devices being connected to one another via local data trans-mission units, so as to exchange data directly, to form automation groups individually capable of operating autonomously, according to the technological structure of the plant, the automation devices independently carrying out the processing of the values from the plant and the adjusting, controlling and regulating of the plant components assigned to an automation group, distributed according to their programming, on the basis of the plant data supplied to them. By departing from the known level structure and creating function areas exchanging data directly by simple and clear structures which can be adapted to the subtasks in a plant, the automation structure according to the invention becomes particularly simple in an advantageous way. In this case, many func-tions previously performed by master control units are transferred to the processing level.
Particular advantages which arise in this case are that simple and simultaneous commissioning of the various plant parts is possible, there continues to be a distinct interfacial delimitation from neighboring and superordinate systems and the possibility of using small and manageable programs optimized area-selectively.
Extensions, additions and modifications of parts of the plant are thus possible without adversely affecting the operation in progress of the plant as a whole.
In the case of the invention it is provided that the automation devices are designed as devices of the same type throughout, to standardize and simplify software and interfaces. If the automation devices are designed as devices of the same type, this type must be selected according to the requirements for the individual device which is loaded the most. As a result, the remaining devices are overequipped in terms of hardware, but on close examination it has surprisingly been shown that the rationalization effect attained by the automation devices actually being homogeneous throughout.
reduces the overall costs of the plant. The advantages which a plant with automation devices of the same type offers are, in particular, lower planning and commissioning costs, lower costs in personnel training, 1_ess capital tied up in the stock-keeping of spare parts, the avoidance of interface problems and simpler servicing. In addition, the hardware includes ~>till considerable capacity rE:serves, so that even if there are functional extensions in individual plant parts no hardware extensions become neces:~ary.
The local data transmission units are advantageously unselectively acting int:erface expanders which, operating as local buses, connect the automation devices to data buses, for example to a main bus or- a secondary bus. This produce's a particularly advantageous connection of the individual automation devices in the automation device groups, with the possibility of direct, f=ast communication between the individual devices of an automation group with the customary coupling to the bus cyst:em. The respective assignment of the data to the automation devices and buses is advantageou:~ly performed simply by freely transmitting data without regard to its origin and address recognition.
The coupling elements between the automation groups and the buses or else between the buses themselves one advantageously designed to be at least partially data-selectively acting, for example as intelligent bridges, in particular with driver function, in order to decouple wherever appropriate plant parts with large volumes of data. In this case, the data selection is performed at local data transmission units, secondary buses and main buses according to the structure of the plant, the coupling or connecting elements holding back the signa.l:~ relevant only to one plant party from other plant parts. Thi;~ produces an advantageous reduction in data transmission, in particular in the main bus. The data selectivity i.s advantagf=_ously also achieved by means of an 1G address selection.
The intelligent bridges, for example the data~-selectively c>perating connecting elements, are advantageously designed as 1.0 Mbit/s b<~se band network amplifiers. Thus, a ready-made electronic component originally developed for bus l~~ extension (the SINEC F3r:idge 402 of Siemens AG), which just like the known buses has already been tried and tested in plants, may be advantageously used. In a new function, such a bridge allows a particularly advantageous design of the automation structure according tc>the invention.
20 The intelligent. bridges, which may be arranged in plurality in the buse:~, or the data-selectively operating connecting e7_ementS, ciY'~° advantageously designed as sel:f-programming, or self-learning to automatically analyze the sender addresses and t:o transmit only the data which are not 25 addressed to terminal: of: the same subnetwork (comparison of transmitting and receiving directions). Thus, on the one hand, the volume of. data in the buses and in the operating computer is reduced and, on the other hand, it is ensured that all relevant data can pas: the intelligent bridge. This applies 30 both to the data of the operating unit and to the data from and to a programming device or the like, and also for example to the data from and to a unit for periodic maintenance and servicing.
5a In the case o:E coke ovens, for which the automation structure according to i~he invention for primary industry plants was first developed, since here the advantages in terms of cost are particularly evident in a positive way, a plurality of visualization and operator control devices for the individual automation g:rou.ps can be combined in a common master control room.
In summary t.h:is invention seeks to provide an automation system for a primary industry industrial plant having several partially interacting parts, comprising: a) automation devices whi.clZ carry out individual functions; b) a data bus; c) local data transmission units connecting said automation devices thereby permitting said automation devices to exchange data directly and thereby defining automation 1~~ groups being capable of operating autonomously, according to the technological structure of the plant; and d) inter:Eace units coupling said local data transmission units to said data bus, wherein said automation devices independently procE=_ss values from the plant to control the plant components assigned to each of the automation groups distributed according to their programming, based on plant data supplied to them, said interface units allowing communication between automation devices allocated to different automation groups.
This inventi.o:n also seeks to provide an automation 2~> system for a primary industry industrial plant having severally partially interacting plarLt parts, comprising: a) a data bus;
b) a plurality of aut.omat:ion device groups assigned to plant parts, at least one of: said plurality of automation device groups capable of operating autonomously and including i) a plurality of automation devices which carry out individual functions, independent:.ly processing values from the plaint to control components of the assigned plant parts, and ii) a local data transmission unit permitting data communication 5b among said plurality of automation devices; and c) a p:Lurality of interface units, each coupling one of said plurality of automation device groups with said data bus and allowing communication between automation devices allocated to different ~~ automation device group;.
The invention is described more specifically with reference to drawings, from which further details can be taken.
Specifically, Fig. 1 shows the automation struc ture of coke ovens as an example of a commercial-size plant.
In Fig. 1, 1 denotes a main bus and 2 denotes a secondary bus, for example for the gas°treatment and coal by-products plant of the coke ovens. The automation devices of the plant are combined in groups 4-12. In the automation device groups 4, 5, 6 and 7, automation devices 19 are diagrammatically represented as an example. The automation devices 19 are connected by means of interface expanders or other local data transmission units via interfaces 16 to the main bus 1 or the secon dary bus 2. 8, 9, 10 and 11 denote, by way of example, individual plant parts, which are combined by means of the secondary bus 2 to form an automation group. This structure is recommendable in the case of plant parts with particularly great interactions between them.
Between the main bus 1 and the secondary bus 2 there is arranged an intelligent bridge, denoted by 1?, which according to the invention operating data-selectively does not serve for bus extension but connects two parallel buses to each other. The interfaces 16 may also be designed as intelligent bridges if this is required for reasons of the volumes of data or for other reasons.
For completion, the plant also has at least one programming device 13, an operating unit 14 and a unit for periodic maintenance and servicing 15. This unit 'is also fed data, symbolized by the arrow 20, from outside the automation system.
Fault signals are generally fed to the operating unit 14 or to a special device. Due to the independent operation, the fault signals can accumulate in a time delayed manner. For satisfactory event monitoring, they receive a time stamp and can later be sorted in an advantageous way. Thus, as compared with the known star structure, there is no disadvantage in determining the causes of malfunctions.
As already diagrammatically indicated, the number of automation devices of each automation device group 4, 7 and 12 and also 18 varies and is adapted to the respec tive task of the automation device group. Thus, for example, the automation device group 4, intended for the treatment of the charge coal, has seven automation devices, the automation group 5 for the stationary units of the coke production means has ten automation devices, the automation device group 6 for the mobile units of the coke production means and the central dust removal means has sixteen automation devices for two sets of oven-attending machines and, finally, the automation group 7 for the coke screening means has eight automation devices.
As automation devices, use is advantageously made, for example, of the largest automation devices of the Simatic series of the Siemens company, the devices S5-155 U. In a surprising way, in spite of the large number of these devices, to be found in the uppermost capacity range of stored-program controllers (in the case of the planned coke ovens, for example, over 70 devices), with increased flexibility overall, the configuration of the plant is less expensive than if automation devices adapted individually to the respective function require-ments, for example of types 135 U or 115 U or still smaller, were used.
The commercial-size, industrial plant automated according to the invention may be configured not only in the form shown for areas with signals relevant to safety, for example in the case of shaft hoisting plants or com mercial-size hoisting plants, or in chemistry; a separ ate, divided structure with automation device groups for signals not relevant to safety and, of a smaller design and operating faster, only for signals relevant to safety array be appropriate. Such a plant, however, makes use of the basic idea of the invention in just the same way as the plant with a different bus structure or a greater
Claims (23)
1. An automation system for a primary industry industrial plant having several partially interacting parts, comprising:
a) automation devices which carry out individual functions;
b) a data bus;
c) local data transmission units connecting said automation devices thereby permitting said automation devices to exchange data directly and thereby defining automation groups being capable of operating autonomously, according to the technological structure of the plant; and d) interface units coupling said local data transmission units to raid data bus, wherein said automation devices independently process values from the plant to control the plant components assigned to each of the automation groups distributed according too their programming, based on plant data supplied to them, said interface units allowing communication between automation devices allocated to different automation groups.
a) automation devices which carry out individual functions;
b) a data bus;
c) local data transmission units connecting said automation devices thereby permitting said automation devices to exchange data directly and thereby defining automation groups being capable of operating autonomously, according to the technological structure of the plant; and d) interface units coupling said local data transmission units to raid data bus, wherein said automation devices independently process values from the plant to control the plant components assigned to each of the automation groups distributed according too their programming, based on plant data supplied to them, said interface units allowing communication between automation devices allocated to different automation groups.
2. The automation system of claim 1 wherein said local data transmission units are unselective, thereby operating as local buses.
3. The automation system of claim 2 wherein said local data transmission units are interface expanders.
4. The automation system of claim 1 wherein data is freely transmitted, without regard to its origin, and is assigned to said automation devices and buses based on address recognition.
5. The automation system of claim 1 wherein said interface units are at least partially data-selective in order to decouple plant parts.
6. The automation system of claim 5 wherein said interface units are capable of decoupling plant parts.
7. The automation system of claim 5 wherein said data-selective interface units are self-learning, automatically analyze sender addresser, and transmit only data which are not addressed to automation devices or other devices on the sender side.
8. The automation system of claim 1, wherein said data bus includes a main data bus, a secondary data bus and a data-selective connecting element coupling said main data bus and said secondary data bus.
9. The automation system of claim 8 wherein said data-selective connecting element is an intelligent bridge.
10. The automation system of claim 9 wherein said intelligent bridge includes a driver function.
11. The automation system of claim 8 wherein at least one of said data-selective coupling element and said interface is a Mbit/second baseband network amplifier.
12. The automation system of claim 8 further comprising:
coke ovens with a gas-treatment plant part and a coal by-products plant part, each plant part coupled with said secondary data bus for their automation devices.
coke ovens with a gas-treatment plant part and a coal by-products plant part, each plant part coupled with said secondary data bus for their automation devices.
13. The automation system of claim 12 further comprising:
coke ovens having a coke screening means, a mobile coke production means, a stationary coke production means and a charge coal area combined as a first automation group, and having a coke dry-cooling plant combined as a second automation group, said first and second automation groups each having interface expanders which act as local buses for said automation devices within each automation group.
coke ovens having a coke screening means, a mobile coke production means, a stationary coke production means and a charge coal area combined as a first automation group, and having a coke dry-cooling plant combined as a second automation group, said first and second automation groups each having interface expanders which act as local buses for said automation devices within each automation group.
14. The automation system of claim 1 wherein said interface units perform data transmission by means of addressed signals, holding back signals relevant only to one plant part from other plant parts based on address selection.
15. The automation system of claim 1 wherein said automation devices are of the same type throughout the system.
16. The automation system of claim 1 further comprising:
e) a programming device, coupled via a first bus interface to said data bus; and f) a device for periodic maintenance and servicing, coupled via a second bus interface to said data bus.
e) a programming device, coupled via a first bus interface to said data bus; and f) a device for periodic maintenance and servicing, coupled via a second bus interface to said data bus.
17. The automation system of claim 16 further comprising a master control unit, coupled via a third bus interface to said data bus.
18. The automation system according to claim 17 wherein at least one of said first bus interface, said second bus interface, and said third bus interface is a non-data-selective interface.
19. The automation system of claim 1 further comprising autonomous groups for automation of individual functions of the parts of the plant, each of said autonomous groups operating individually, and comprising automation devices of the same design throughout, which operate with the same software, and in which arrangement data are exchanged directly within and between said automation groups by means of address recognition.
20. The automation system of claim 19 wherein said automation devices are stored-program controllers.
21. An automation system for a primary industry industrial plant having severally partially interacting plant parts, comprising:
a) a data bus;
b) a plurality of automation device groups assigned to plant parts, at least one of said plurality of automation device groups capable of operating autonomously and including i) a plurality of automation devices which carry out individual functions, independently processing values from the plant to control components of the assigned plant parts, and ii) a local data transmission unit permitting data communication among said plurality of automation devices; and c) a plurality of interface units, each coupling one of said plurality of automation device groups with said data bus and allowing communication between automation devices allocated to different automation device groups.
a) a data bus;
b) a plurality of automation device groups assigned to plant parts, at least one of said plurality of automation device groups capable of operating autonomously and including i) a plurality of automation devices which carry out individual functions, independently processing values from the plant to control components of the assigned plant parts, and ii) a local data transmission unit permitting data communication among said plurality of automation devices; and c) a plurality of interface units, each coupling one of said plurality of automation device groups with said data bus and allowing communication between automation devices allocated to different automation device groups.
22. The automation system of claim 21 wherein said local data transmission units are interface expanders.
23. The automation system of claim 21 wherein said interface units are at least partly data selective.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4125374A DE4125374C2 (en) | 1991-07-31 | 1991-07-31 | Automated coking plant with several plant parts |
| DEP4125374.4 | 1991-07-31 | ||
| PCT/EP1992/001725 WO1993003429A1 (en) | 1991-07-31 | 1992-07-30 | Commercial size, automatic industrial plant having several parts |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2114544A1 CA2114544A1 (en) | 1993-02-18 |
| CA2114544C true CA2114544C (en) | 2003-07-29 |
Family
ID=6437421
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002114544A Expired - Fee Related CA2114544C (en) | 1991-07-31 | 1992-07-30 | Commercial-size, automatic industrial plant having several parts |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5598149A (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3267294B2 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU658219B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2114544C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4125374C2 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL169236B1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2096817C1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1993003429A1 (en) |
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| US11614282B2 (en) | 2019-02-20 | 2023-03-28 | Westran Thermal Processing Llc | Modular industrial energy transfer system |
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| KR100451676B1 (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 2004-11-16 | 지멘스 악티엔게젤샤프트 | Process and system for commissioning industrial plants, in particular in the primary industry |
| US6101419A (en) * | 1998-01-15 | 2000-08-08 | Lam Research Corporation | Modular control system for manufacturing facility |
| US6671564B1 (en) * | 2000-10-03 | 2003-12-30 | Data I/O Corporation | Portable programming system and control method therefor |
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| US20090079560A1 (en) * | 2007-09-26 | 2009-03-26 | General Electric Company | Remotely monitoring railroad equipment using network protocols |
| US8228946B2 (en) | 2009-07-29 | 2012-07-24 | General Electric Company | Method for fail-safe communication |
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- 1992-07-30 US US08/185,803 patent/US5598149A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-07-30 RU RU9294012065A patent/RU2096817C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-07-30 CA CA002114544A patent/CA2114544C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-07-30 WO PCT/EP1992/001725 patent/WO1993003429A1/en active Application Filing
- 1992-07-30 PL PL92302287A patent/PL169236B1/en unknown
- 1992-07-30 AU AU23791/92A patent/AU658219B2/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11614282B2 (en) | 2019-02-20 | 2023-03-28 | Westran Thermal Processing Llc | Modular industrial energy transfer system |
| US11959703B2 (en) | 2019-02-20 | 2024-04-16 | Westran Thermal Processing Llc | Modular industrial energy transfer system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH06509433A (en) | 1994-10-20 |
| PL169236B1 (en) | 1996-06-28 |
| AU2379192A (en) | 1993-03-02 |
| RU2096817C1 (en) | 1997-11-20 |
| DE4125374C2 (en) | 1995-03-09 |
| WO1993003429A1 (en) | 1993-02-18 |
| RU94012065A (en) | 1996-05-20 |
| DE4125374A1 (en) | 1993-02-04 |
| JP3267294B2 (en) | 2002-03-18 |
| US5598149A (en) | 1997-01-28 |
| CA2114544A1 (en) | 1993-02-18 |
| AU658219B2 (en) | 1995-04-06 |
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| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |