CA2128308A1 - Color phase control for projection display using spatial light modulator - Google Patents
Color phase control for projection display using spatial light modulatorInfo
- Publication number
- CA2128308A1 CA2128308A1 CA002128308A CA2128308A CA2128308A1 CA 2128308 A1 CA2128308 A1 CA 2128308A1 CA 002128308 A CA002128308 A CA 002128308A CA 2128308 A CA2128308 A CA 2128308A CA 2128308 A1 CA2128308 A1 CA 2128308A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- color
- signal
- slm
- memory
- color wheel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
- H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
- H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
- H04N9/3179—Video signal processing therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
- H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
- H04N9/3102—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM] using two-dimensional electronic spatial light modulators
- H04N9/3111—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM] using two-dimensional electronic spatial light modulators for displaying the colours sequentially, e.g. by using sequentially activated light sources
- H04N9/3114—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM] using two-dimensional electronic spatial light modulators for displaying the colours sequentially, e.g. by using sequentially activated light sources by using a sequential colour filter producing one colour at a time
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
- G09G2310/0235—Field-sequential colour display
Abstract
COLOR PHASE CONTROL FOR PROJECTION
DISPLAY USING SPATIAL LIGHT MODULATOR
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A SLM-based projection display system (10) samples and processes video data for delivery to a spatial light modulator (SLM) (13o), and uses a color wheel (14a) to color the SLM-generated images. A frame memory (13b) provides data to the SLM (13c) and is managed so that, if the phase of the incoming video signal changes, a desired phase relationship between the color wheel position and the data available to the SLM (13c) can be maintained. Also a motor control unit (15a) uses a horizontal sync signal to generate a drive signal for the color wheel motor (16a), which limits the transient time during phase-changing events, and which provides a means for adjusting the phase of the drivesignal.
DISPLAY USING SPATIAL LIGHT MODULATOR
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A SLM-based projection display system (10) samples and processes video data for delivery to a spatial light modulator (SLM) (13o), and uses a color wheel (14a) to color the SLM-generated images. A frame memory (13b) provides data to the SLM (13c) and is managed so that, if the phase of the incoming video signal changes, a desired phase relationship between the color wheel position and the data available to the SLM (13c) can be maintained. Also a motor control unit (15a) uses a horizontal sync signal to generate a drive signal for the color wheel motor (16a), which limits the transient time during phase-changing events, and which provides a means for adjusting the phase of the drivesignal.
Description
07-16-94 03:38PM FROM T I LEGAL DEPAR~MENT T0 KIRBY, EAD5,GALE.,, P011/031 (32350-0702) PATENT APPLICATION
COLO~ P~ASE CON~OL POR PROJEC'rION
DISPIAY USING SPATIA~ LIGH~ MODUI-A~OR
T~çH~cA~-E~EL2-oF-~HE INVENTION
~ his invention relates to i~ge dlsplay sy6t~J, and ~ore partlcularly to a pro~ectlon dlsplay ~yst~m that u8e~
s a spatial light modulator, a whlto llght source,:a~d a color wheel.
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~ACXGROU~D QF THE_INVE~TION
Spatial llght ~odulators (SLMs) ar~ increasingly usQd in pro~ection di3play applicatlong. A DMD is a type o~ SLM
having an array o~ micro-~echanical mlrror element~, each s lndlvidually addressable by electronic data. Dependlng on th~ state or lt5 addre~61ng slgnal, each mlrror el~ent 1 moved ~o that lt elth~r does or do~ not rerlect llg~t to an lnage plane.
For SLM-based dlsplay appllcatlons, the inco~lng vldeo ~lgnal must be converted to blnary data ln a for~ u~eable by the SLM. A~ a re6ult Or being convert~d~rom ànalog to dlgltal rorm, the tata ~s rlrst arranged plxel-by-plx~l, row-by-row, and rrame-by-rrane. Ir the data was ~ntQrlaced~ the data ~ay al50 requlre ~can conversion rro3 rlelds to rra~es. Por exarple, a DMD dlsplays one blt per mirror eloment at a tlme. In other words, thQ l~age rerlocted by th- DMD at any ono moment represents a set o~
~ltn hav~ng thc sa~e binary welght. Thus, be~ore dellv~ry to th~ SLM, the ~ata mu3t be reror~atted into "blt-plane~
F~r plxels hav~ng an n-blt re601utlon, there are n blt-plane~ per lmag- rra2e.
U.S. Patent Serlal No. 07/67a,761, entitled "DMD
Archltecture and Tl~lng ~or U6e ln a Pul~e-Width Modulat~d Dl~play Sy~tem", descrlbes a type Or DMD-baoed pro~ectlon 2~ dl-play sy~tem. It al~o dow ribQo a mothod Or ror~attlng vldeo data rOr U6e wlth such a ~y~t~, and a 3~t~0d or ~odulatlng b~t-plane~ to pro~ldo ~rylnq lnt~n~lty.
Color ~agos ar~ genorated ~ro~ blt-plane~
repreoentlng di~rsront colors. As an example, video d~ta m~ht havo 24 blt~ Or d~ta p~r plxol. As~umlng that the oolor~ 4ro r-d, g~een, ~nd blue, or theso 24 blt~, 8 blt~
would be r-d dsts, ~ blt~ ror groen, and a bits ~or blue.
on- ao~plet~ vld-o rram- would be comprl~ed Or 24 blt-p~ane l~g~
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One technique for providing a color image is to use a white llght source and a color ~llter ln front o~ the SLM.
In one such de~ig~, She white light illuminates the SL~, and the color rllter 13 placed between the SLM and the lm~ge plane, ~o that the i~age re~lected rrO~ the SLH 1~
~lltered wlth that color. In-another such dsslgn, the color fllter i9 placed between the whlte llght source and the ShX.
A com~on lnplemQntat~on Or the color fllter approach 18 to temporally rilter the llght wlth a ~otor-drlven "color wkeel" havlng a red section, a blue soct~on, and a green sectlo~. As the wheel rotates, red, blue, or green d~t~ ~s trans~ltted through the corre6pondlng sect~on. ~he color~ or the ~lnal l~ag~ depend on tho b~t-plane data rOr each ~olor. U.S. Patent Serial No. 07/809,816, entltled ~White Llght Enhanced Color Fleld Sequentlal ~ro~ectlon", descrlbes the u~e Or a color wheel rOr a DMD-~ased pro~ection display sy6tem.
~n color wheel applications, the rotatlonal ~peed and 20 pha6e oS the color wheel and the tlming Or the ~mage data belng re~lected ~rom the SLM must be synchronlzed. In other words, the color wheel ~u~t rotate 8c that the data ~e trans~itted through the oorrect color at the correct t~me.
One d~r~lculty of providing a properly synchronlz~d color wheel 1~ that a change ~ro3 one vlteo olgn~l to another gèner~lly recult6 ln a change ln color phase. Even ~ ;
1~ the new data 18 at the 6a~e ~requency a~ the old data, the pha~e changes. For example, ln a tel~vlsion ~yetem, 30 th- v~ew~r uay chang~ ch~nnels, ~uch that processed blue data rrO~ tho n-w channel ls avallable to the S~M at the tlme a~ prooe-a-d red data ~ro~ the old channel would h~vo b-~n av~llable. ~ a rQsult, unles~ the data and the color wheel are re-~ynchron~zed, the blue data would be pre~-nt . .
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212~08 in the SLM while the red part of the color wheel is i~
front of the SLM.
~ ne existing techni~ue for re-synchron~zing the data and color wheel ia to dri~e thq color wheel with a hlgh-torqu~ ~o~or, whlch can qulc~ly acceler~te or deceler~tetho color whe~l to ad~ust its phase. Howevèr, theee high-torque motor~ ~re expunsive.
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212830~
SUM~Y OF TH~ INVENT~ON
A ~irst a~;p~ct Or t~e inventlon ls a m~mory ~or a display syot~ that u~es a SLM and a motor-driven color wheel, which h~ frerently colored ~llters, to dl~play imageo from proce6~ed video data A memory storea the proce~d d~ta in a rOrm ready for dellvery to the SLM -~he ne~ory has a 6-parat~1y addre6~able sectlon rOr storlng data representing each color to be dlsplayed by t~o DMD, sYch that data rrO~ a ~elect~d 6(wtlon m~y by read ~ro~ the nemory at a gl~en lnstant A pointer control unlt gener~tes a read polnter that represents an addre6s ln the meuory fro~ where d~t~ i8 to be read out The polnter control unlt deter~ln-~ the sQctlon o~ tho memory to be currently read and the tlming o~ tho readlng ln re~pon~e to a reed~aak ~lgnal Sro~ tho color wheel motor t~at ~ndlcate-the pha~o Or sald color who~l wlth respect to the vldeo data in the SLM
A technic~l advantage Or the me~ory 16 that lt ~ynchroniz-~ the color wheol and the di6play Phase dlrrorQnces betw--n the color wheol and the data avallablo to the 8LM c~n b- ro~olv-d by controlllng the r~ad polntor Ths color wheel ~otor 1~ requlrsd only to drlve t~s color whe~l at ~ con~t~nt rnt- o~ revolutlon6 per unlt Or tl~e ~here 1B no regulrem-nt rOr 6peedlng up or ~lowlng down th~
~otor to resolve pha~e dlr~orences Thuo, a much le~
oxpenolve rotor c~n be us-d Aloo, the tran~lent tlm- rOr ~chlevlng ~ynchronlz~tlon 1B mlnl~lz~d For tele~l~lon appllcatlon~ ter ~ oh~nnel ch~nge, tho data avallablo to th- 9LM l~ qulckly re--ynohronlzed wlt~itho po~ltlon o~ the color wh-el Sn t~ lon, ~- well ~- other appllc~tlon~
qYlck r---ynchronlz~t~on r-duce- und-~lred ~rtl~te ln th-l~g~. . ..
Anoth-r ~-pect Or the lnventlon l~ ~ ¢olor wheel ~otor control unlt ~or ~ dl-play syoto~ th~t u~oei ~ notor-drlVen ~ '~
color wheel to dlsplny rr~r o~ color ln~ges ro~
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TI-17519 PATENT APPLIC~TION
processed data sa~pled fro~ a video signal. A phase-locked oscillator reCHives a horizontal sync signal Or t~s video signal, and gen~rate~ a pulsed signal having a ~requency of said horizontal sync signal tlme~ a prodateroined s ~ultipllor. A flrst divido-by-n counter receives t~o pul~ed 6iqnal ~r~ the phase-locked o~cillator, and dlvlde~
th~ rreyu~ncy or th~ alt~rnat~ng slgnal ~y tho nu~ber or llne~ ln each rrane, such that lt generate~ a ~ra~e-pul~d signal, whlch is equal to the ~rare longtb tlue~ tho predet~rnined uultiplier. A second dlvlde-by-n counter receives the rrame-pul6ed signal, and dlvides thlc ~lgnal by a predot~r~ined divider, such that it gener~to~ a square wavafor~ having a perlod equal to tho ~ra~o length. ~hl~
~gnal may be used to drivQ a ~ynchronous alt~rnatlng curr~nt color whQel ~otor.
~ he u~e o~ tho horlzontal ~ynchronization 6~gnal to dri~e the synchronous color wheel notor llmit~ the tl~e during which lt~ dri~o slgn~l ~8 dl~rupted as a roeult Or a phoae-ch~nglnq e~ent, such as a channel ¢hange ln telev~slon appllcatlons. Th~e 18 becaus~ the dlsruptlon botwoen horlzontal ~ync pul~e~ 18 ~ucb smaller tban the dlsruptlon between vert~cal sync pulses and bocause the pha~o-locked osclll~tor/dlvider ~intaln~ the motor drlve w~ve~or~ durlng hori20ntal re-oynchronlzatlon. It also 2S per~lt~ the ph~e Or tbe color wheQl to be lncreuent~lly ~d~u~ted, whlch pormit3 varlous memory manag-m-nt technlgue~ that maxl~lze u6e o~ ~emory spaco.
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~RIEF DESCRIPTTON OF T~E DRA~NGS
Figure 1 is a basic bloc~ diayram of a SLM-based projection display ~yste~, which ha~ both a fra~e ~Q~ory and a motor control unit in accordance with the inventlon.
Flgur~ 2 illu~tratec the pointer control unit of ~lgure 1 and its lnterconnectlonc with the fra~e ~e~ory and the color wheel.
Flgure 3 illustrate~ the phase relat~onships between the vertlcal sync signal, the po~it~on of the color wheel, and ths data being dlsplayed by the SLM, be~ore and after a phase changing event.
Flgure 4 illustrates how tho pointer control unit 1~
used to m~lntain an ln-phase relAtlonsh~p between th~ color wheel and the data displayed by the S~M.
F~gure 5 lllustr~tes ~ ~lold bu~er that can be ~anaged ln accord~noe wlth the ln~entlon.
Flgure 6 ~llustr~tes the motor control unlt ot F~gure 1 and lts lnterconnections with the horlzo~t~l sync ~lgnal ; -~nd the color wheel notor.
FlgurQ 7 lllustrates tho drlve ~lgnal produced by the motor control unlt or Flgure 6, and nenr-constant phase relationshlp with the color wheel posltlon.
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D~ I.ED DESCRrPTION 0~ ~HE INVENTION
U.s. Patent Serisl No. 07/678,761, ent~tled "DMD
Architecture and Timlng for Use in a Pulse-Wldth Modulated Dlsplay Syote~" descrike~ a type Or DMD-based pro~ectlon S dlsplay syotem, but wlthout the reatures Or the preoent inventlon, and i6 incorporated hereln by reference.~ It al3c doscribes a method of formatting vldeo data ~or u~e with such a systea, and a method of modulatlng blt-plane~
to provldQ ~rey-scale ~ages. The general u6e Or a DMD-bacod projectlon systQm with a color whQel to providesequential color iuageg ls descrlbQd in U.S. ~atent Serlal No. 07/809,816, entltled "Whlte Light Enhanced Color F~eld SQquentlal Pro~ectlon" and lncorporated hereln by rererence.
lS Flgure 1 18 a block dlagram o~ a SLM-~ased pro~ wtlon d~opl~y sy~tem 10, wh~ch provldeo color lmage~ ~rou p~xel data oa~pled ~rom a video elgnal. ~ho vldeo slgnal m~y ~e any slgnal ~rom whlch plxol data can be ~ampled. For ~xa~pl~, tho vldoo 61g~1 could be a telsvioion broadcast ~ignal, which can be sa~pled and ¢onverted to RBG data.
The v~deo eignal might also be ~n R~G s~gnal fro~ a source ~uch a~ a conputer, or on a dlgital e`lgnal. In any ev-nt, a co~non characteri~tlc of the variou~ type~ of vld~o olgnal~ i~ the pre-ence of a vertlcal and a horizontal eynchronizatlon (zync) oignal and a component fra~ ~hich dlgital color data can be o~pled. For pUrpooee Of thl~
de~criptlon, an analog ~lgnal ~o aoeumed.
A~ an overvlaw o~ ~ysten lO, o~gnal lnterfaoo unit 1~
rsc~ive~ th~ v~deo ~lgnal and g-norate~ an~log vld-o and ~nchronizatlon ~gnal~ to tho olgn~l proce8~1ng unlt 12.
T~e vld-o slgn~ ron lnter~c- unlt ll ~ay be eit~or lnt-rlacod lgn~l~ or nonlntorlaced ignal~, and ~y r-pr~-ont Qlther ~BG dat~ or luoln~nce~chro~inanoe dat~.
91gn~1 proce~or unlt 12 convert~ th- analog ~ld~o ~lgn~l lnto a dlgltal vld~o oign~l. It ~ay al80 add JUL 16 '94 15:35 214 995 3511 PAGE.018 , . .. . ~ . .
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g features such as picture-in-picture and on-screen display.
In general, signal processor unit 12 conditions ths data for dispLay and pro~idQs contral tlming for the sy~te~ 10.
Ir tho data is intarlaced, signal proces61ng unit ~2 also providQs ~can conver6ion fro~ fields to rra~Q~.
Display electronics unit 13 r~for~at~ the~ digital vldeo data in a dst~ ~ormatter 13a, whlch ~or~ts blt-plan~ Or data rOr lnplementation of seguential color irages. DQtails Or a 6uitable data ~or~atter '3a can be lo round in U.S. Patent Serial No. 07/755,981, entltled UData For~atter with Orthogonal lnput/Output and Spatlal Raordering", ant incorporatQd by reforence herQin. A ~r~
menory 13b stores ~rames o~ l~age d~ta ~or deliv~ry to SLM
13c, and io ~anaget in accordance wlth the lnv~ntlo~
1~ d-ocribed herein. SLM 13a ~ay be any type ot SLM.
Although thlo de~crlptlon ~ ln tern~ o~ ~ DMD typo or SLM, any other type o~ SLM could b- uubstltuted lnto tho appar~tus and ueod ror the ~ethod do~crlbet herein.
DQtalls of a ~ult~ble DMD 13C can be ~ound in U.S. Patent 20 No. 4,956,619, entltled "Spatial Llght Modul~tor", to Mornbeck ~nd lncorporated by reroronce h~reln.
Dlsplay optlc~ unlt 14 receives th~ lmage rrOn 8LM
13c, and provides a dlsplay lmage to an l~age plano ~uch a~
a display ocreen 17. A color wheel 14a rotates such that 25 each blt-plane 1~ tr~ns~ittod through ~ correspondlng color Sllter. For purposes o~ thls de~crlptlon, color whool ~4a aorre~ponds to red, green, and blue color data, but o~her colors could be used.
Control unlt 15 provldee v~rlouo syete~ control 30 runotlon~. It h~ a polnter contr~l unlt ~5~ ror ~ynohronlzlng the tl31ng o~ data avallable to SIM 13c wlth th~ poJltlon or oolor who~ a, ae oxplained ~olow 1~
ca Moctlon wlth Flguro~ 2 - 4. It alno ha~ ~ motor control unlt 15b rOr provl~lng a dr~ve ~lgn~l~ D8, to motor 16~, a~
35 expl~lnod below ln connectlon wlth Plgure~ 6 and 7. 5h~
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design and operation of pointnr control unit 15a and motor control unit 15b are indepe~dent; a projection dlsplay system 10 could be implem~nted with either or both.
Mechanical unit 16 prov~des v~rious mechanical sy8t~3 ~unctions It ha~ a motor 16a for drivlng color whe~l 14a lgure 2 lllustrate~ pointer control unit 15a and it~
rolatlonshlps to a frame memory 13b, SL~ 13c, color wheel 14a, and color wheel motor 16a A basic concept o~ the deslgn Or Flgure 2, 18 that color phas~ change~ are re-synchronlzed by controlllng how data i~ read ~rom m~mory 13b lnstead o~ by changlng the phase of color whe~l 14b AB explained ln the bac~qround sectlon above, these phase changes m~y occur ror varlou~
reasons, such as a result Or changing tnlevl~lon channel~
Fram~ memory 13b has three ~ectlon~, one ror each color For purpose~ ot thl~ dosorlptlon, whlch usee the example Or 24-bit plxel data, lt 19 ac~u~ed that rra3e ~emory 13b provide~ 24 blt-plane~ rOr each image rra~e, whlch lncludes 8 blt-plane~ ror e~ch color, in ndispl~y-ready" ~or~at ~n othor word~, the data read out Or rra~e memory 13b ~8 rormatted such that all color converslon, scan conversion, and other processlng has occurred on output, each blt-plane lfi ready rOr dlsplay by SLM 13c Durlng a tra~e perlod, whlch ror purposes o~ exanple heroln 2~ 18 ev~ry 1160 ~Qcond, these 24 blt-plane~ are dlspl~yed by SLM S3c and co~prlss one "l~ago rra~e" Depentlng on the org~nizatlon o~ ~ra~e me~ory 13~, thQ ~ormattlng lnto D~D
dl~play-ready blt-planea may occur elther be~ore lnput, on lnput, or on out~ut The ~or~attlng of data lnto blt-planea and the wr~tlng ln and road~ng out o~ data to a ~ra~e ~e~ory ~or 8LM dl~play L~ dlw u-aed ln the U S
pat-nt- and patont app~loatlono dl~cua-ed above The portlon Or ~ram~ m~ory 13~ allocat~d ror th- bit-plan- data o~ o~h blt havlng the ~nm~ blnary welght, lo ro~ red to haroln aa ~ ~plan~' o~ ory 13b. In g6n~ral, ,:, . . . :::: :~ :: , . . ~ ,:: "
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memory 13b operates as a first-in, Eirst-out buf~er, such that bit-planes are read out ~ro~ their memory plan~ to SLM 13c in the sa~e order a~ they are wrltten in. As explained bolow in connection with Flgure 3, each ~erory planQ actually hss a write burrer and a read buffer, whlch are "toggled" so that one may be wrltten wh$1e the other 18 read. Shls technl~ue is so~etlues also rererred to as "ping-ponqlng" t~e buffers.
A writQ point~r, WP, 18 used to write data into rraue ~e~ory 13b at a rate conslstent wlth the source vldeo signal. Typically, all threQ oections of ~e~ory 13b aro controlled by this wrlte po~nter, such that thr~o ~e~ory plane~, one ~or each color, 6i~ultaneou~1y rocolve a blt~
plano of data. The vertical sync slgnal ~ay b~ u~ed to control the wrlte point~r euch that ~ra~os are written to me~ory at the ~a~e av~rage rate ao ths lncoming vldQo data i~ received by th- projection ~y~tem.
A rosd polntor, RP, is u~ed to rQ~d data out of ~r~e ~e~ory ~3b to 9LM l~c at the sa~e aver~ge rate as lt le wrltten in. A6 explalned below, thls read polnter i6 controlled ~o that reading iff synchronized to the phase of color wheel 14a.
SL~ 13c recelvQ~ data fro3 ~rare ~e~ory 13b, one hlt-plane at a ti~e. SLK 13¢ lo posltloned at a Sixed polnt ~uch th~t color wheel 14~ rllter~ llght re~l~cted ~ro~ SLM
13c to l~age pl~ne 17. SLM 13c retlects whlte llght 2ro~
a oouroe ~not ~hown), wlth an l~age bolng ~or3od by the po~itloning o~ it~ ~irror ele~ents. The reflect~d llght i8 ~llter~d through color wh-el 14~, and ~ho oolor-~lltered l~ge 1~ pro~ect~d onto th- l~sgo plano 17. As color whool l~b rotates, the l~age pl~ne 17 1~ illumlnated wlth the : : :
oolor thAt i~ curr~ntly ln rront Or t~o SLM 13c. Ac lndlc~tod ln tho bsc~grou~d, thc color whe-l 14a could al~o bo pl~c-d betw~en tho whlto llght ~ourc~ ~nd 8LM 13~, ~nd the lnventlo~ to~crlbed her~ln would b~ ~pp~lc8bl-.
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For the implementation of Figures 2 - 4, color ~heeil motor 16a may bo any type of ~otor that drive~ color wheel 14~ at a constant speed. For purpo~eu of tMl~ de~crlptlon, it iB a~umed that thi6 E:peed i8 concia.6tent wltl~ thQ 1~Dage S fra~e ratQ o~ 60 ~ra~e~ per ~econd, and le thu~ 60 rcivolu~ton3 per occond.
Referring again to Flgure 1, color wheel 14a h~ a color boundary, ~, at e~ch boundary betweon dir~erent color6. A~ ~hown in ~igure 2, deteator 21 i~ placed near color wheel 14a, ~uch that it ~en~e~ a marker 23 on onsi o~
theos boundarieo as color wheel 14~ rotate~. Detector 2 geinerat~s ~ slgnal ~or every revolutlon of color wheel 1~, whlch lt telivero to tl~ing genorator lS~. Thi~ pernit~
tl~lng gener~tor lSa to deitermine when ~ch boundary pa~se~
a ~lXQd r~iSerence polnt.
The rsl2t~0nshlp betweien th~ d~ta dellvered to 9hM l~c and the po~ltlon Or color wh~el 14a 1~ ro~erred to herein as a "color-pha~e" ~elatlonshlp. The data and the color ~heel 14a ara ~ln phase" i~ all blt-planes ror one colo~
~re d~spl~yed by SLM 13c whlle tb~t color section Or color wh~el 14a pas~o~ ln rront or SLM 13a.
Whure a "rr~me perlodH rQpresents the perlod or tlme botween vertlcal ~ync pulse~, color wheel 14a rotateo once por rr~me perlod. For a 24-blt plxel dat~, color wheol 14~
rotates one revolutlon whlle all 24 blt-plane~ are dloplayed by 9LM 13c.
~ lmlng gener~tor 15a g~norates a motor dr~vo ~lgn~l, DS, whlch lt dellvers to drlve ~otor 16~, to drlve color whsel 14b at a constant ~peQd in rovolutlons per oecond.
Tl~lng generator 15~ al~o genoratee the wrlte polnt~r, WP, nnd tho read polnter, RP, to ¢ontrol the data rlow ln ~nd out or ~ra~e m~ary 13~.
Flguro 3 lllustrate~ the pha~e relation~hlps batwoen the vertlcal sync slgnal, v, the posltlon o~ color wh~ol l~a, and tho data dl3playcd by SLM 13c, ~erore and after a JUL 16 94 15:37 214 995 3511 PAGE.022 07-16-34 03 38PM FROM ~ I LEGAL DEPARTMEN~ TO KIRBY, EADES,GALE....... P023/037 TI-17519 2 1 2 8 3 0 8 ~ATEN~ APP~c~IoN
phase cbanginq event For purpose of exampl~, the chsnge in phase is illustrated a~ ha~ing been ca~s~d by a dlscontinuity in the vert~ cal sync signal caused by changinq channels o~ a tolevi6ion signal ~efcre the channel changQ, the vertlcal sync slgnal, color wheel 14a, and the data ~re ~ll in phase, wlth the ~rtlcal sync slgnal corre~pondlng to each blue-red border Or color whQol 14a and wlth tho beglnnlng oS red data After the channel change, the vertlcal sync 6ignal and the color wheel 14a are no longer ln phase, ln the ~en~e that the vertical sync signal and the beginning of a color-wheel revolutlon do not neces6arlly mat~h Ir the data ror the rlrst ~rane Or the new channel were read out to SLM 13c at th~ beglnnlng or the vertlcal sync 61~nal, the data and thB color wheol 14a would not natch In other word-, th~
data and th~ color wheel 14a would bo out Or phaoo.
HOWQV~r, as lndlc~tet, the ln-pha~ rQlatlonsbip b~tween the color wheol po~itlon ant the data being dlaplayed by DMD 13b is ~aintainQd Plgure 4 illuatrate~ how ~r~me me~ory 13b 1~ nanaged to ~aintain an ln-ph~sa relatlonshlp between color whoel 14a ant th~ data di~played ~y SLM 13c A slngle ~eaory plane 41 Sor e~ch ~, G or ~ 60ctlon o~ ~e~ory 13b 18 shown, but lt should be understood t~at each ~, B, or G soctlon has a6 ~any planee as there are blts rOr that color In tho 24-b~t plx~l oxa~plo ot thls descr~ptlon, each R, B, or G soctlon has 8 nomory planes 41 ~ Seature oS Sr~e ~e~ory 13b 1~ th~t any o~ lts R, c or ~ sectlons can be lndopendently acaes~ed to begln readlng out a blt-plan- to SLM 13c For oxa~ple, when th~
red boundary o~ color wheel 14a re~ch-~ ~n appropslate polnt, polnt~r control unlt 15~ ~y dlreot th- r-ad polntor, RP, to re~d out th~ r~d b~t-plane- r~o~ tho red ~ctlon o~ ory 13b. ~h~ r~dlng 1~ ~h~n r-p~ted ~or the gre~n ~nd blue oeotlon~ A~t~r th~ blu~ hlt-pl~-o ~ro JUL 16 '94 15:38 214 995 3511 PAGE.023 ~ '! ' ' '. i ' ' ' "' ' ' ' ~` , 01-lB-94 03 38PM ~ROM ~ I LEGAL DEPARTMEN~ ~O KIRBY, EADES,GALE....... P024/037 - TI-17519 PA~EN~ APP~ICA~ION
2128~08 read rrom the blue section, the read pointer r~turns ts the red section.
Each ~emory planQ ~l has space allocated ~or a read ~ -buffer and a write bufSer. ThQ wr~te burrer i~ written s with bit-plane data while a prior bit-plane i~ ~oelng read out fro~ thQ r~ad buffor. A~ter the r~ad buffer ~8 rosd out, the write pointer and read pointer are "toggled" ~o that the wrlte bu~rer bocome6 the read bu~fer and vlce ver6a. Alco, each m-mory plane 41 ha~ a write overrlow 6pace 45.
In Flgure 4, or each ~e~ory plane 41, the shaded area ~ -~
i6 the current read bu~fer and the non-shaded area 18 the ¢urrent wrlte bufrer. Th~ read bu~Ser~ conta~n an entire bit-plane n. A blue ~it-plane 1~ about to be re~d, a~
indlcated by the po~itlon Or the read polnter. ~he write bu~er~ ar- be~ng wrltten wlth blt-plane n+l. Thu o~erSlow ar~ 45 ~a ~vailablo to tho current wrlte ~urrer. Artor the burror~ are toggled, the wr~te o~qr~low are~ 4S 1 available to whst ~8 now th~ current wrlte kuf~er.
Sensor 21 i~ pl~cod w~th respect to SL~ 13c such tbat th~ro 16 a ~nown tlme relatlon~hip between a refarence bound~ry ~nd thu po~it~on of the l~age~Sro~ SLM 13c. In a slmple embodl~ont, 4-noor 21 could be placed ~uch thst lt a-noes t~o re~erenc- boundary when that boundary pas4e~ ln 2~ rront oS SLM 13c.
In operatlon, s~nsor 21 dotects the r~rerenco boundary, and dellv rs ~ reedback ~lgn~l to polntor control unlt 15~. Frou tb~t lnror~atlon, control unlt 15 d~t-r31n~s when any next boundary wlll ~o re~ch~d.
Alt~rnatlvely, ~ach boundary on color wh-~l 14a could be detocted to pro~ld~ ~ unlgue slgn~l whon lt pa~eo oonoor 21. In ~ny event, polnter control unlt 15~ g~n0r~teo a read polnter to the ~pFropr~at- a-ctlon Or ~4~0ry 13b at the approprlat0 tl~-.
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- :, In Fiqure 4, after the phasQ-changing event o~ Flgure 3, color whe~l 14a has ~ov~d to a po~ition where it~ n~xt boundary, the gr~Qn-blu~ boundary, is in front of SLM 13c, as t4tected by sensor 21. In re6ponse, sensor 21 sond~ a 5 signal to control unlt lsa, which moves the rsad pointer to a plane 41 o~ the blue sectlon of ~emory 13b ~o th~t blue data will b~ a~llablo to SL~ 13c whllo the bluo part oS
the color wheel l~a i~ ln front o~ SLM 13c. Meanwhile, the re~dlng out o~ data ha~ been delayed rOr the t$me requlred lo to write in OnQ ~ra~e o~ the new ch~nnel data plU9 the tl~o that it took ~or color wheel 14a to advance to the green~
blue boundary.
For each memory plane 41, the cap~clty o~ ~he ~rlte -~ ~;
overrlow portlon 45 ls at leAst l/3 b~t-plane. Thu~, the 1-~ portlon Or each monory plane 41 allocated rOr writlng ln data ha4 a capaclty Or at len~t 1 1/3 blt-plane. Ih18 acco~odatQs the "worct oase" situ~tlon, when a boundary has ~ust pa~d the lnage dlspl~y, and 1/3 ~ra~e porlod explre~ b~ore a new boundary 18 reached. In thls ~ltuatlan, wrltlng wlll contlnue ror 1/3 rrane porlod b~ore re~dlng 1~ resu~ed.
Flgure S lllustrate~ processor unit 12 ln ~urther detall. Proco~slng tas~ are dlvlded lnto two ~unctlonal unlt~ lZ~ and 12C~ and rleld ~urSer 12b 18 ln the data path between the3. Fl-ld ~urror 12~ ls u~ed to provlde an l~age durlng tho tln~ that the color wheel 1~ not synehronlzod, and also p-rrorms a "rleld spre~ding" runctlon. A~ an alternatlve to ~naqlng rrame msnory 13b a8 dl~cu~zod above to prov~do color whsel synchronlzatlon, rlOld bufSQr 12b 3~ could b~ m~naged in a ~l~llar ~ann~r. 5hl~ altc~natlVe 1 ~peclally u~otul whQn tho vldeo ~ign~l ~8 lnterlaced, be¢au~ th- fl~ld bur~or lZb 1- typlcally ~mall~r and l~e ~x~enslve than th- tr~c burrcr 13b and lts ~1ZQ ~Y be nor~ d w~th 1~ co~t.
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TI-17519 21 2 ~ 3 0 8 PATE~JT Appr~IcA~r~oN
Referring aqain to Flgure 3, a brief discontinuity of the pcsition of color whoel 14a, m~ltc~lng thel perlod or tlme during ~hlch the vertic~l sync slgnal is dlsrupted, is as6u~Qd. In pr~ctlce, one m~ans rOr drlvlng the ~otor 15a ~or color wheel 14a is to use the vertlcal ~ync slgn~
~hu~, a phase changlng event wlll re6ult ln a translent perlod, durlng whlch ~otor 15a has a 1O8g o~ lts drlve slgnal and aSter wh1ch motor 15a ~ust be re-synchronlzed to the vertical sync slgnal. Durtng thls tlme, thQ d~spl~yet l~sge ~y ~e di~torted or other means used to bl~nk the dlsplay. , ~ -Flgure 6 111UBtr~te~ a-motor control unlt 15b, whloh aorlves a drlve slgn~l rrOm the horlzontal sync ~lgnal. As wlll be expla~ned ~elow, thl~ reduce~ the translent e~r~ct on the positlon Or the color wheel 14a durlng a ph~e chan~lng event, as w-ll a~ permlto th~ phase Or the color whoel to be ~ncrementally ad~u-ted.
Although ~otor control unlt 15b ls de6crlbed hereln rOr u9e ~ n a SLM-ba~d pro~ectlon system 10, it could be u~ed with any other type ot vldeo dlsplay sy6t~ that r~celvQs a horizontal sync slgnal and uses a color wheel.
For exa~ple, motor cont-rol unlt 15~ could be implemented ln a raot~ scan dl6play ~y~tom.
Motor control unlt lSb has an o~clllator 61, whlch r~aelves the horizontal ~ync slgnal. In the ~xa~ple or thl~ de~crlptlon, tho horlzontal 6ync olgnal repre~-nt~ S2s lln-~ per rr~3e. A~ explalned below, o~clll~tor 61 multlplles ths slgnal ~y a prodot~rml~et rr-guoncy multlplier 50 t~t dlvlde-by-n counter~ 65 wlll g~ner~t~ a square wave. rn thl~ ox~ple, o~elll~tor 61 ~uns at rour t~r-~ the ~requonay ot th~ horlzontal ~ync ~lgnal, to ~enerate a ~lr~t pul-~d ~lgn~ yplc~lly, o~alll~tor 61 1- a volt~ge controll-d o~alllator ror provlded a pulsed output.
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A divide-by-n counter 65 r~ceives the pul~od signal from oscillator 61. rt d~vides th~ ~ignal ~y t~e nu~bor o~
lines per fra~a. ~hu6, in the exampl~ of thl~ descriptlon, n ~ 525. Tho re~ult is a "~ram~-pul~ed" slgnal, havlng s frequ~ncy equal to that of tho ~ertical sync signal timo~
tho ~requency. multlplier or o~clllator 61.
A 6econd dl~lde-by-n counter 65 then dlv~dec the s~gn~l ~y somo pre~ot~r~lned frequency dlvider that 18 ono-halr ths ~ultlpli~r Or the 06cillator 61. In thls exa~plQ, where the ~ultlpller 1~ 4, the n value o~ counter 65 i~ 2.
~ho re~ultlng aguare w~ve 18 sy~etrlcal, ~nd ha~ a ~reguency oS 60 cycles per second, which matchec tho 60 rr~3s~ per seoond rreguoncy o~ the vertlcal oyna ~lgnal.
Ihl~ sgu~rQ wavo m~y be ~mpll~led or otherwlse condltloned ~5 to drl~e a ~lngle ph~o altern~tlng curront motor 16a.
Although not ohown ln Flguro 6, control unit 60 coult al~o ~e usod to prov~to a palr Or drlve ~ign~ls ~or ~
qu~dr~ture ph~o uotor. In thl~ case, o~clllator 61 would hav- ~ ~roqu~ncy o~ elght tlme~ t~at o~ the ~orlzontal sync slgnsl. countur 65 could bo a dlvlde-by-~our John~on counter rOr tho two output aign~l~, e~ch h~ng a ~requency o ~0 cycles per ~econd, but having a one-halr cycle pha~e dlrrer~nco wlth respcct to each other.
Flguro 7 ~llu~trates the ~me ch~nnel chsnglng e~ent Z5 a~ Flgur~ 3~ but wlth a color wheel posltlon th~t avoldo tho tr~nslent p-rlod. Flgure 6 al60 lllustr~tes th~ drlve ~lgnal, DS, whlch 1~ generatsd by ~otor oontrol unlt 15L.
AB ~ re~ult Or tho U~Q Or the horlzontal ~ync slgnal to drlvQ ~otor 16~, when ~ pha~o ch~nglng e~ont occurs, the dsl~o slgn~l aontlnu-~ to bo genor~tod wlthou~ a ~lgnl~lcant dlsaontlnulty. The tr~n~lent tlm~ lc llmlt~d to t~ lln- p~rlod rath~r th~n tho rr~me p~rlod or tho ~lqnal. In othor word~, the ~xlmum dlsruptlon ~ the ~orlod Or t~ botw~n two horl~o~tal cync pul~e~ whlch ~or a ~25 lln~ rr~o, 1~ ln th~ ordsr or 64 mlcroseconds.
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Another advantage of the motor control unit 15b, is the ability to re-synchronize color whe~l 14a to the vertical sync slgnal. Ref~rring ag~ln to Flgu~ 3, arter a phase changing ev~nt, ln gener~l, the color wheel 14~ 1~
s not in pha~e With the ~ertlcal sync ~ignal. In syste3- ln wh~ch t~e writ~ pointer 18 drlven by the vertlcal sync slgnal, thl~i c~n result in sltuatlons ln whlch the read pointer i~ ~t the end Or the currently dlsplayed rr~e, whll~ the wrlte polnter 18 at the beglnnlng o~ t~e next lo rra~e. ~hls re6ult~ in ~axi~u~ u~e o~ ~emory space.
However, lr th~ pha6e o~ color wheel 14a can be lncre~entally matched to the pha~e oS the vertlcal Jync s~gn~l, the read polnter and write polnters could be brought closer together. ~hls 18 accompll6ihed wlth s3~11 chang9~ to tho trlve waveror~ perlod, ~uch a~ by lncrementally lncreaolng or d~creaslng the n-value or counter 65 untll tho do-lred phase relatlonshlp 13 reached.
To optl~lze me~ory U8~ a altuatlon could be ~aintal~ed ~here the read pointer were posltloned 60 that each 6ectlon Or ~omory 13b w~- halr-rull at any glven tlme.
th~odl~
Alt~ough the inventlon has boen describ~d wltb r~rere~c~ to ~peclrlc e~bodlment8, t~ts descrlption 1~ not m~ant to be constru~d in a llmltlng sensie. Varloua ~odlSlcatlon6 or the dlsclosed ~bodi~ents, afi w ll a-~lte~natl~e e~bodl~ents, wlll ~e apparent to Fer~on~i akllled ln t~o art. ~t is, there~ore, cont~plated t~at the appended clal~s wlll ¢o~er all ~odl~l~atlons t~t wlthln the true scope o~ the lnventlon~
JUL 16 '94 15:41 214 995 3511 PAGE.028 ,...
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COLO~ P~ASE CON~OL POR PROJEC'rION
DISPIAY USING SPATIA~ LIGH~ MODUI-A~OR
T~çH~cA~-E~EL2-oF-~HE INVENTION
~ his invention relates to i~ge dlsplay sy6t~J, and ~ore partlcularly to a pro~ectlon dlsplay ~yst~m that u8e~
s a spatial light modulator, a whlto llght source,:a~d a color wheel.
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212~3Q8 ;~
:
~ACXGROU~D QF THE_INVE~TION
Spatial llght ~odulators (SLMs) ar~ increasingly usQd in pro~ection di3play applicatlong. A DMD is a type o~ SLM
having an array o~ micro-~echanical mlrror element~, each s lndlvidually addressable by electronic data. Dependlng on th~ state or lt5 addre~61ng slgnal, each mlrror el~ent 1 moved ~o that lt elth~r does or do~ not rerlect llg~t to an lnage plane.
For SLM-based dlsplay appllcatlons, the inco~lng vldeo ~lgnal must be converted to blnary data ln a for~ u~eable by the SLM. A~ a re6ult Or being convert~d~rom ànalog to dlgltal rorm, the tata ~s rlrst arranged plxel-by-plx~l, row-by-row, and rrame-by-rrane. Ir the data was ~ntQrlaced~ the data ~ay al50 requlre ~can conversion rro3 rlelds to rra~es. Por exarple, a DMD dlsplays one blt per mirror eloment at a tlme. In other words, thQ l~age rerlocted by th- DMD at any ono moment represents a set o~
~ltn hav~ng thc sa~e binary welght. Thus, be~ore dellv~ry to th~ SLM, the ~ata mu3t be reror~atted into "blt-plane~
F~r plxels hav~ng an n-blt re601utlon, there are n blt-plane~ per lmag- rra2e.
U.S. Patent Serlal No. 07/67a,761, entitled "DMD
Archltecture and Tl~lng ~or U6e ln a Pul~e-Width Modulat~d Dl~play Sy~tem", descrlbes a type Or DMD-baoed pro~ectlon 2~ dl-play sy~tem. It al~o dow ribQo a mothod Or ror~attlng vldeo data rOr U6e wlth such a ~y~t~, and a 3~t~0d or ~odulatlng b~t-plane~ to pro~ldo ~rylnq lnt~n~lty.
Color ~agos ar~ genorated ~ro~ blt-plane~
repreoentlng di~rsront colors. As an example, video d~ta m~ht havo 24 blt~ Or d~ta p~r plxol. As~umlng that the oolor~ 4ro r-d, g~een, ~nd blue, or theso 24 blt~, 8 blt~
would be r-d dsts, ~ blt~ ror groen, and a bits ~or blue.
on- ao~plet~ vld-o rram- would be comprl~ed Or 24 blt-p~ane l~g~
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One technique for providing a color image is to use a white llght source and a color ~llter ln front o~ the SLM.
In one such de~ig~, She white light illuminates the SL~, and the color rllter 13 placed between the SLM and the lm~ge plane, ~o that the i~age re~lected rrO~ the SLH 1~
~lltered wlth that color. In-another such dsslgn, the color fllter i9 placed between the whlte llght source and the ShX.
A com~on lnplemQntat~on Or the color fllter approach 18 to temporally rilter the llght wlth a ~otor-drlven "color wkeel" havlng a red section, a blue soct~on, and a green sectlo~. As the wheel rotates, red, blue, or green d~t~ ~s trans~ltted through the corre6pondlng sect~on. ~he color~ or the ~lnal l~ag~ depend on tho b~t-plane data rOr each ~olor. U.S. Patent Serial No. 07/809,816, entltled ~White Llght Enhanced Color Fleld Sequentlal ~ro~ectlon", descrlbes the u~e Or a color wheel rOr a DMD-~ased pro~ection display sy6tem.
~n color wheel applications, the rotatlonal ~peed and 20 pha6e oS the color wheel and the tlming Or the ~mage data belng re~lected ~rom the SLM must be synchronlzed. In other words, the color wheel ~u~t rotate 8c that the data ~e trans~itted through the oorrect color at the correct t~me.
One d~r~lculty of providing a properly synchronlz~d color wheel 1~ that a change ~ro3 one vlteo olgn~l to another gèner~lly recult6 ln a change ln color phase. Even ~ ;
1~ the new data 18 at the 6a~e ~requency a~ the old data, the pha~e changes. For example, ln a tel~vlsion ~yetem, 30 th- v~ew~r uay chang~ ch~nnels, ~uch that processed blue data rrO~ tho n-w channel ls avallable to the S~M at the tlme a~ prooe-a-d red data ~ro~ the old channel would h~vo b-~n av~llable. ~ a rQsult, unles~ the data and the color wheel are re-~ynchron~zed, the blue data would be pre~-nt . .
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212~08 in the SLM while the red part of the color wheel is i~
front of the SLM.
~ ne existing techni~ue for re-synchron~zing the data and color wheel ia to dri~e thq color wheel with a hlgh-torqu~ ~o~or, whlch can qulc~ly acceler~te or deceler~tetho color whe~l to ad~ust its phase. Howevèr, theee high-torque motor~ ~re expunsive.
`':
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212830~
SUM~Y OF TH~ INVENT~ON
A ~irst a~;p~ct Or t~e inventlon ls a m~mory ~or a display syot~ that u~es a SLM and a motor-driven color wheel, which h~ frerently colored ~llters, to dl~play imageo from proce6~ed video data A memory storea the proce~d d~ta in a rOrm ready for dellvery to the SLM -~he ne~ory has a 6-parat~1y addre6~able sectlon rOr storlng data representing each color to be dlsplayed by t~o DMD, sYch that data rrO~ a ~elect~d 6(wtlon m~y by read ~ro~ the nemory at a gl~en lnstant A pointer control unlt gener~tes a read polnter that represents an addre6s ln the meuory fro~ where d~t~ i8 to be read out The polnter control unlt deter~ln-~ the sQctlon o~ tho memory to be currently read and the tlming o~ tho readlng ln re~pon~e to a reed~aak ~lgnal Sro~ tho color wheel motor t~at ~ndlcate-the pha~o Or sald color who~l wlth respect to the vldeo data in the SLM
A technic~l advantage Or the me~ory 16 that lt ~ynchroniz-~ the color wheol and the di6play Phase dlrrorQnces betw--n the color wheol and the data avallablo to the 8LM c~n b- ro~olv-d by controlllng the r~ad polntor Ths color wheel ~otor 1~ requlrsd only to drlve t~s color whe~l at ~ con~t~nt rnt- o~ revolutlon6 per unlt Or tl~e ~here 1B no regulrem-nt rOr 6peedlng up or ~lowlng down th~
~otor to resolve pha~e dlr~orences Thuo, a much le~
oxpenolve rotor c~n be us-d Aloo, the tran~lent tlm- rOr ~chlevlng ~ynchronlz~tlon 1B mlnl~lz~d For tele~l~lon appllcatlon~ ter ~ oh~nnel ch~nge, tho data avallablo to th- 9LM l~ qulckly re--ynohronlzed wlt~itho po~ltlon o~ the color wh-el Sn t~ lon, ~- well ~- other appllc~tlon~
qYlck r---ynchronlz~t~on r-duce- und-~lred ~rtl~te ln th-l~g~. . ..
Anoth-r ~-pect Or the lnventlon l~ ~ ¢olor wheel ~otor control unlt ~or ~ dl-play syoto~ th~t u~oei ~ notor-drlVen ~ '~
color wheel to dlsplny rr~r o~ color ln~ges ro~
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TI-17519 PATENT APPLIC~TION
processed data sa~pled fro~ a video signal. A phase-locked oscillator reCHives a horizontal sync signal Or t~s video signal, and gen~rate~ a pulsed signal having a ~requency of said horizontal sync signal tlme~ a prodateroined s ~ultipllor. A flrst divido-by-n counter receives t~o pul~ed 6iqnal ~r~ the phase-locked o~cillator, and dlvlde~
th~ rreyu~ncy or th~ alt~rnat~ng slgnal ~y tho nu~ber or llne~ ln each rrane, such that lt generate~ a ~ra~e-pul~d signal, whlch is equal to the ~rare longtb tlue~ tho predet~rnined uultiplier. A second dlvlde-by-n counter receives the rrame-pul6ed signal, and dlvides thlc ~lgnal by a predot~r~ined divider, such that it gener~to~ a square wavafor~ having a perlod equal to tho ~ra~o length. ~hl~
~gnal may be used to drivQ a ~ynchronous alt~rnatlng curr~nt color whQel ~otor.
~ he u~e o~ tho horlzontal ~ynchronization 6~gnal to dri~e the synchronous color wheel notor llmit~ the tl~e during which lt~ dri~o slgn~l ~8 dl~rupted as a roeult Or a phoae-ch~nglnq e~ent, such as a channel ¢hange ln telev~slon appllcatlons. Th~e 18 becaus~ the dlsruptlon botwoen horlzontal ~ync pul~e~ 18 ~ucb smaller tban the dlsruptlon between vert~cal sync pulses and bocause the pha~o-locked osclll~tor/dlvider ~intaln~ the motor drlve w~ve~or~ durlng hori20ntal re-oynchronlzatlon. It also 2S per~lt~ the ph~e Or tbe color wheQl to be lncreuent~lly ~d~u~ted, whlch pormit3 varlous memory manag-m-nt technlgue~ that maxl~lze u6e o~ ~emory spaco.
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~RIEF DESCRIPTTON OF T~E DRA~NGS
Figure 1 is a basic bloc~ diayram of a SLM-based projection display ~yste~, which ha~ both a fra~e ~Q~ory and a motor control unit in accordance with the inventlon.
Flgur~ 2 illu~tratec the pointer control unit of ~lgure 1 and its lnterconnectlonc with the fra~e ~e~ory and the color wheel.
Flgure 3 illustrate~ the phase relat~onships between the vertlcal sync signal, the po~it~on of the color wheel, and ths data being dlsplayed by the SLM, be~ore and after a phase changing event.
Flgure 4 illustrates how tho pointer control unit 1~
used to m~lntain an ln-phase relAtlonsh~p between th~ color wheel and the data displayed by the S~M.
F~gure 5 lllustr~tes ~ ~lold bu~er that can be ~anaged ln accord~noe wlth the ln~entlon.
Flgure 6 ~llustr~tes the motor control unlt ot F~gure 1 and lts lnterconnections with the horlzo~t~l sync ~lgnal ; -~nd the color wheel notor.
FlgurQ 7 lllustrates tho drlve ~lgnal produced by the motor control unlt or Flgure 6, and nenr-constant phase relationshlp with the color wheel posltlon.
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D~ I.ED DESCRrPTION 0~ ~HE INVENTION
U.s. Patent Serisl No. 07/678,761, ent~tled "DMD
Architecture and Timlng for Use in a Pulse-Wldth Modulated Dlsplay Syote~" descrike~ a type Or DMD-based pro~ectlon S dlsplay syotem, but wlthout the reatures Or the preoent inventlon, and i6 incorporated hereln by reference.~ It al3c doscribes a method of formatting vldeo data ~or u~e with such a systea, and a method of modulatlng blt-plane~
to provldQ ~rey-scale ~ages. The general u6e Or a DMD-bacod projectlon systQm with a color whQel to providesequential color iuageg ls descrlbQd in U.S. ~atent Serlal No. 07/809,816, entltled "Whlte Light Enhanced Color F~eld SQquentlal Pro~ectlon" and lncorporated hereln by rererence.
lS Flgure 1 18 a block dlagram o~ a SLM-~ased pro~ wtlon d~opl~y sy~tem 10, wh~ch provldeo color lmage~ ~rou p~xel data oa~pled ~rom a video elgnal. ~ho vldeo slgnal m~y ~e any slgnal ~rom whlch plxol data can be ~ampled. For ~xa~pl~, tho vldoo 61g~1 could be a telsvioion broadcast ~ignal, which can be sa~pled and ¢onverted to RBG data.
The v~deo eignal might also be ~n R~G s~gnal fro~ a source ~uch a~ a conputer, or on a dlgital e`lgnal. In any ev-nt, a co~non characteri~tlc of the variou~ type~ of vld~o olgnal~ i~ the pre-ence of a vertlcal and a horizontal eynchronizatlon (zync) oignal and a component fra~ ~hich dlgital color data can be o~pled. For pUrpooee Of thl~
de~criptlon, an analog ~lgnal ~o aoeumed.
A~ an overvlaw o~ ~ysten lO, o~gnal lnterfaoo unit 1~
rsc~ive~ th~ v~deo ~lgnal and g-norate~ an~log vld-o and ~nchronizatlon ~gnal~ to tho olgn~l proce8~1ng unlt 12.
T~e vld-o slgn~ ron lnter~c- unlt ll ~ay be eit~or lnt-rlacod lgn~l~ or nonlntorlaced ignal~, and ~y r-pr~-ont Qlther ~BG dat~ or luoln~nce~chro~inanoe dat~.
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g features such as picture-in-picture and on-screen display.
In general, signal processor unit 12 conditions ths data for dispLay and pro~idQs contral tlming for the sy~te~ 10.
Ir tho data is intarlaced, signal proces61ng unit ~2 also providQs ~can conver6ion fro~ fields to rra~Q~.
Display electronics unit 13 r~for~at~ the~ digital vldeo data in a dst~ ~ormatter 13a, whlch ~or~ts blt-plan~ Or data rOr lnplementation of seguential color irages. DQtails Or a 6uitable data ~or~atter '3a can be lo round in U.S. Patent Serial No. 07/755,981, entltled UData For~atter with Orthogonal lnput/Output and Spatlal Raordering", ant incorporatQd by reforence herQin. A ~r~
menory 13b stores ~rames o~ l~age d~ta ~or deliv~ry to SLM
13c, and io ~anaget in accordance wlth the lnv~ntlo~
1~ d-ocribed herein. SLM 13a ~ay be any type ot SLM.
Although thlo de~crlptlon ~ ln tern~ o~ ~ DMD typo or SLM, any other type o~ SLM could b- uubstltuted lnto tho appar~tus and ueod ror the ~ethod do~crlbet herein.
DQtalls of a ~ult~ble DMD 13C can be ~ound in U.S. Patent 20 No. 4,956,619, entltled "Spatial Llght Modul~tor", to Mornbeck ~nd lncorporated by reroronce h~reln.
Dlsplay optlc~ unlt 14 receives th~ lmage rrOn 8LM
13c, and provides a dlsplay lmage to an l~age plano ~uch a~
a display ocreen 17. A color wheel 14a rotates such that 25 each blt-plane 1~ tr~ns~ittod through ~ correspondlng color Sllter. For purposes o~ thls de~crlptlon, color whool ~4a aorre~ponds to red, green, and blue color data, but o~her colors could be used.
Control unlt 15 provldee v~rlouo syete~ control 30 runotlon~. It h~ a polnter contr~l unlt ~5~ ror ~ynohronlzlng the tl31ng o~ data avallable to SIM 13c wlth th~ poJltlon or oolor who~ a, ae oxplained ~olow 1~
ca Moctlon wlth Flguro~ 2 - 4. It alno ha~ ~ motor control unlt 15b rOr provl~lng a dr~ve ~lgn~l~ D8, to motor 16~, a~
35 expl~lnod below ln connectlon wlth Plgure~ 6 and 7. 5h~
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design and operation of pointnr control unit 15a and motor control unit 15b are indepe~dent; a projection dlsplay system 10 could be implem~nted with either or both.
Mechanical unit 16 prov~des v~rious mechanical sy8t~3 ~unctions It ha~ a motor 16a for drivlng color whe~l 14a lgure 2 lllustrate~ pointer control unit 15a and it~
rolatlonshlps to a frame memory 13b, SL~ 13c, color wheel 14a, and color wheel motor 16a A basic concept o~ the deslgn Or Flgure 2, 18 that color phas~ change~ are re-synchronlzed by controlllng how data i~ read ~rom m~mory 13b lnstead o~ by changlng the phase of color whe~l 14b AB explained ln the bac~qround sectlon above, these phase changes m~y occur ror varlou~
reasons, such as a result Or changing tnlevl~lon channel~
Fram~ memory 13b has three ~ectlon~, one ror each color For purpose~ ot thl~ dosorlptlon, whlch usee the example Or 24-bit plxel data, lt 19 ac~u~ed that rra3e ~emory 13b provide~ 24 blt-plane~ rOr each image rra~e, whlch lncludes 8 blt-plane~ ror e~ch color, in ndispl~y-ready" ~or~at ~n othor word~, the data read out Or rra~e memory 13b ~8 rormatted such that all color converslon, scan conversion, and other processlng has occurred on output, each blt-plane lfi ready rOr dlsplay by SLM 13c Durlng a tra~e perlod, whlch ror purposes o~ exanple heroln 2~ 18 ev~ry 1160 ~Qcond, these 24 blt-plane~ are dlspl~yed by SLM S3c and co~prlss one "l~ago rra~e" Depentlng on the org~nizatlon o~ ~ra~e me~ory 13~, thQ ~ormattlng lnto D~D
dl~play-ready blt-planea may occur elther be~ore lnput, on lnput, or on out~ut The ~or~attlng of data lnto blt-planea and the wr~tlng ln and road~ng out o~ data to a ~ra~e ~e~ory ~or 8LM dl~play L~ dlw u-aed ln the U S
pat-nt- and patont app~loatlono dl~cua-ed above The portlon Or ~ram~ m~ory 13~ allocat~d ror th- bit-plan- data o~ o~h blt havlng the ~nm~ blnary welght, lo ro~ red to haroln aa ~ ~plan~' o~ ory 13b. In g6n~ral, ,:, . . . :::: :~ :: , . . ~ ,:: "
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memory 13b operates as a first-in, Eirst-out buf~er, such that bit-planes are read out ~ro~ their memory plan~ to SLM 13c in the sa~e order a~ they are wrltten in. As explained bolow in connection with Flgure 3, each ~erory planQ actually hss a write burrer and a read buffer, whlch are "toggled" so that one may be wrltten wh$1e the other 18 read. Shls technl~ue is so~etlues also rererred to as "ping-ponqlng" t~e buffers.
A writQ point~r, WP, 18 used to write data into rraue ~e~ory 13b at a rate conslstent wlth the source vldeo signal. Typically, all threQ oections of ~e~ory 13b aro controlled by this wrlte po~nter, such that thr~o ~e~ory plane~, one ~or each color, 6i~ultaneou~1y rocolve a blt~
plano of data. The vertical sync slgnal ~ay b~ u~ed to control the wrlte point~r euch that ~ra~os are written to me~ory at the ~a~e av~rage rate ao ths lncoming vldQo data i~ received by th- projection ~y~tem.
A rosd polntor, RP, is u~ed to rQ~d data out of ~r~e ~e~ory ~3b to 9LM l~c at the sa~e aver~ge rate as lt le wrltten in. A6 explalned below, thls read polnter i6 controlled ~o that reading iff synchronized to the phase of color wheel 14a.
SL~ 13c recelvQ~ data fro3 ~rare ~e~ory 13b, one hlt-plane at a ti~e. SLK 13¢ lo posltloned at a Sixed polnt ~uch th~t color wheel 14~ rllter~ llght re~l~cted ~ro~ SLM
13c to l~age pl~ne 17. SLM 13c retlects whlte llght 2ro~
a oouroe ~not ~hown), wlth an l~age bolng ~or3od by the po~itloning o~ it~ ~irror ele~ents. The reflect~d llght i8 ~llter~d through color wh-el 14~, and ~ho oolor-~lltered l~ge 1~ pro~ect~d onto th- l~sgo plano 17. As color whool l~b rotates, the l~age pl~ne 17 1~ illumlnated wlth the : : :
oolor thAt i~ curr~ntly ln rront Or t~o SLM 13c. Ac lndlc~tod ln tho bsc~grou~d, thc color whe-l 14a could al~o bo pl~c-d betw~en tho whlto llght ~ourc~ ~nd 8LM 13~, ~nd the lnventlo~ to~crlbed her~ln would b~ ~pp~lc8bl-.
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For the implementation of Figures 2 - 4, color ~heeil motor 16a may bo any type of ~otor that drive~ color wheel 14~ at a constant speed. For purpo~eu of tMl~ de~crlptlon, it iB a~umed that thi6 E:peed i8 concia.6tent wltl~ thQ 1~Dage S fra~e ratQ o~ 60 ~ra~e~ per ~econd, and le thu~ 60 rcivolu~ton3 per occond.
Referring again to Flgure 1, color wheel 14a h~ a color boundary, ~, at e~ch boundary betweon dir~erent color6. A~ ~hown in ~igure 2, deteator 21 i~ placed near color wheel 14a, ~uch that it ~en~e~ a marker 23 on onsi o~
theos boundarieo as color wheel 14~ rotate~. Detector 2 geinerat~s ~ slgnal ~or every revolutlon of color wheel 1~, whlch lt telivero to tl~ing genorator lS~. Thi~ pernit~
tl~lng gener~tor lSa to deitermine when ~ch boundary pa~se~
a ~lXQd r~iSerence polnt.
The rsl2t~0nshlp betweien th~ d~ta dellvered to 9hM l~c and the po~ltlon Or color wh~el 14a 1~ ro~erred to herein as a "color-pha~e" ~elatlonshlp. The data and the color ~heel 14a ara ~ln phase" i~ all blt-planes ror one colo~
~re d~spl~yed by SLM 13c whlle tb~t color section Or color wh~el 14a pas~o~ ln rront or SLM 13a.
Whure a "rr~me perlodH rQpresents the perlod or tlme botween vertlcal ~ync pulse~, color wheel 14a rotateo once por rr~me perlod. For a 24-blt plxel dat~, color wheol 14~
rotates one revolutlon whlle all 24 blt-plane~ are dloplayed by 9LM 13c.
~ lmlng gener~tor 15a g~norates a motor dr~vo ~lgn~l, DS, whlch lt dellvers to drlve ~otor 16~, to drlve color whsel 14b at a constant ~peQd in rovolutlons per oecond.
Tl~lng generator 15~ al~o genoratee the wrlte polnt~r, WP, nnd tho read polnter, RP, to ¢ontrol the data rlow ln ~nd out or ~ra~e m~ary 13~.
Flguro 3 lllustrate~ the pha~e relation~hlps batwoen the vertlcal sync slgnal, v, the posltlon o~ color wh~ol l~a, and tho data dl3playcd by SLM 13c, ~erore and after a JUL 16 94 15:37 214 995 3511 PAGE.022 07-16-34 03 38PM FROM ~ I LEGAL DEPARTMEN~ TO KIRBY, EADES,GALE....... P023/037 TI-17519 2 1 2 8 3 0 8 ~ATEN~ APP~c~IoN
phase cbanginq event For purpose of exampl~, the chsnge in phase is illustrated a~ ha~ing been ca~s~d by a dlscontinuity in the vert~ cal sync signal caused by changinq channels o~ a tolevi6ion signal ~efcre the channel changQ, the vertlcal sync slgnal, color wheel 14a, and the data ~re ~ll in phase, wlth the ~rtlcal sync slgnal corre~pondlng to each blue-red border Or color whQol 14a and wlth tho beglnnlng oS red data After the channel change, the vertlcal sync 6ignal and the color wheel 14a are no longer ln phase, ln the ~en~e that the vertical sync signal and the beginning of a color-wheel revolutlon do not neces6arlly mat~h Ir the data ror the rlrst ~rane Or the new channel were read out to SLM 13c at th~ beglnnlng or the vertlcal sync 61~nal, the data and thB color wheol 14a would not natch In other word-, th~
data and th~ color wheel 14a would bo out Or phaoo.
HOWQV~r, as lndlc~tet, the ln-pha~ rQlatlonsbip b~tween the color wheol po~itlon ant the data being dlaplayed by DMD 13b is ~aintainQd Plgure 4 illuatrate~ how ~r~me me~ory 13b 1~ nanaged to ~aintain an ln-ph~sa relatlonshlp between color whoel 14a ant th~ data di~played ~y SLM 13c A slngle ~eaory plane 41 Sor e~ch ~, G or ~ 60ctlon o~ ~e~ory 13b 18 shown, but lt should be understood t~at each ~, B, or G soctlon has a6 ~any planee as there are blts rOr that color In tho 24-b~t plx~l oxa~plo ot thls descr~ptlon, each R, B, or G soctlon has 8 nomory planes 41 ~ Seature oS Sr~e ~e~ory 13b 1~ th~t any o~ lts R, c or ~ sectlons can be lndopendently acaes~ed to begln readlng out a blt-plan- to SLM 13c For oxa~ple, when th~
red boundary o~ color wheel 14a re~ch-~ ~n appropslate polnt, polnt~r control unlt 15~ ~y dlreot th- r-ad polntor, RP, to re~d out th~ r~d b~t-plane- r~o~ tho red ~ctlon o~ ory 13b. ~h~ r~dlng 1~ ~h~n r-p~ted ~or the gre~n ~nd blue oeotlon~ A~t~r th~ blu~ hlt-pl~-o ~ro JUL 16 '94 15:38 214 995 3511 PAGE.023 ~ '! ' ' '. i ' ' ' "' ' ' ' ~` , 01-lB-94 03 38PM ~ROM ~ I LEGAL DEPARTMEN~ ~O KIRBY, EADES,GALE....... P024/037 - TI-17519 PA~EN~ APP~ICA~ION
2128~08 read rrom the blue section, the read pointer r~turns ts the red section.
Each ~emory planQ ~l has space allocated ~or a read ~ -buffer and a write bufSer. ThQ wr~te burrer i~ written s with bit-plane data while a prior bit-plane i~ ~oelng read out fro~ thQ r~ad buffor. A~ter the r~ad buffer ~8 rosd out, the write pointer and read pointer are "toggled" ~o that the wrlte bu~rer bocome6 the read bu~fer and vlce ver6a. Alco, each m-mory plane 41 ha~ a write overrlow 6pace 45.
In Flgure 4, or each ~e~ory plane 41, the shaded area ~ -~
i6 the current read bu~fer and the non-shaded area 18 the ¢urrent wrlte bufrer. Th~ read bu~Ser~ conta~n an entire bit-plane n. A blue ~it-plane 1~ about to be re~d, a~
indlcated by the po~itlon Or the read polnter. ~he write bu~er~ ar- be~ng wrltten wlth blt-plane n+l. Thu o~erSlow ar~ 45 ~a ~vailablo to tho current wrlte ~urrer. Artor the burror~ are toggled, the wr~te o~qr~low are~ 4S 1 available to whst ~8 now th~ current wrlte kuf~er.
Sensor 21 i~ pl~cod w~th respect to SL~ 13c such tbat th~ro 16 a ~nown tlme relatlon~hip between a refarence bound~ry ~nd thu po~it~on of the l~age~Sro~ SLM 13c. In a slmple embodl~ont, 4-noor 21 could be placed ~uch thst lt a-noes t~o re~erenc- boundary when that boundary pas4e~ ln 2~ rront oS SLM 13c.
In operatlon, s~nsor 21 dotects the r~rerenco boundary, and dellv rs ~ reedback ~lgn~l to polntor control unlt 15~. Frou tb~t lnror~atlon, control unlt 15 d~t-r31n~s when any next boundary wlll ~o re~ch~d.
Alt~rnatlvely, ~ach boundary on color wh-~l 14a could be detocted to pro~ld~ ~ unlgue slgn~l whon lt pa~eo oonoor 21. In ~ny event, polnter control unlt 15~ g~n0r~teo a read polnter to the ~pFropr~at- a-ctlon Or ~4~0ry 13b at the approprlat0 tl~-.
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- :, In Fiqure 4, after the phasQ-changing event o~ Flgure 3, color whe~l 14a has ~ov~d to a po~ition where it~ n~xt boundary, the gr~Qn-blu~ boundary, is in front of SLM 13c, as t4tected by sensor 21. In re6ponse, sensor 21 sond~ a 5 signal to control unlt lsa, which moves the rsad pointer to a plane 41 o~ the blue sectlon of ~emory 13b ~o th~t blue data will b~ a~llablo to SL~ 13c whllo the bluo part oS
the color wheel l~a i~ ln front o~ SLM 13c. Meanwhile, the re~dlng out o~ data ha~ been delayed rOr the t$me requlred lo to write in OnQ ~ra~e o~ the new ch~nnel data plU9 the tl~o that it took ~or color wheel 14a to advance to the green~
blue boundary.
For each memory plane 41, the cap~clty o~ ~he ~rlte -~ ~;
overrlow portlon 45 ls at leAst l/3 b~t-plane. Thu~, the 1-~ portlon Or each monory plane 41 allocated rOr writlng ln data ha4 a capaclty Or at len~t 1 1/3 blt-plane. Ih18 acco~odatQs the "worct oase" situ~tlon, when a boundary has ~ust pa~d the lnage dlspl~y, and 1/3 ~ra~e porlod explre~ b~ore a new boundary 18 reached. In thls ~ltuatlan, wrltlng wlll contlnue ror 1/3 rrane porlod b~ore re~dlng 1~ resu~ed.
Flgure S lllustrate~ processor unit 12 ln ~urther detall. Proco~slng tas~ are dlvlded lnto two ~unctlonal unlt~ lZ~ and 12C~ and rleld ~urSer 12b 18 ln the data path between the3. Fl-ld ~urror 12~ ls u~ed to provlde an l~age durlng tho tln~ that the color wheel 1~ not synehronlzod, and also p-rrorms a "rleld spre~ding" runctlon. A~ an alternatlve to ~naqlng rrame msnory 13b a8 dl~cu~zod above to prov~do color whsel synchronlzatlon, rlOld bufSQr 12b 3~ could b~ m~naged in a ~l~llar ~ann~r. 5hl~ altc~natlVe 1 ~peclally u~otul whQn tho vldeo ~ign~l ~8 lnterlaced, be¢au~ th- fl~ld bur~or lZb 1- typlcally ~mall~r and l~e ~x~enslve than th- tr~c burrcr 13b and lts ~1ZQ ~Y be nor~ d w~th 1~ co~t.
214 995 3511 PAGE . 025 JUL 16 ' 94 15: 39 - .
07-16~94 03:38P~ FROM ~ I LEGAL DEPAR~MEN~ ~O KIRBY, EADES,GALE. . ~026/037 .
TI-17519 21 2 ~ 3 0 8 PATE~JT Appr~IcA~r~oN
Referring aqain to Flgure 3, a brief discontinuity of the pcsition of color whoel 14a, m~ltc~lng thel perlod or tlme during ~hlch the vertic~l sync slgnal is dlsrupted, is as6u~Qd. In pr~ctlce, one m~ans rOr drlvlng the ~otor 15a ~or color wheel 14a is to use the vertlcal ~ync slgn~
~hu~, a phase changlng event wlll re6ult ln a translent perlod, durlng whlch ~otor 15a has a 1O8g o~ lts drlve slgnal and aSter wh1ch motor 15a ~ust be re-synchronlzed to the vertical sync slgnal. Durtng thls tlme, thQ d~spl~yet l~sge ~y ~e di~torted or other means used to bl~nk the dlsplay. , ~ -Flgure 6 111UBtr~te~ a-motor control unlt 15b, whloh aorlves a drlve slgn~l rrOm the horlzontal sync ~lgnal. As wlll be expla~ned ~elow, thl~ reduce~ the translent e~r~ct on the positlon Or the color wheel 14a durlng a ph~e chan~lng event, as w-ll a~ permlto th~ phase Or the color whoel to be ~ncrementally ad~u-ted.
Although ~otor control unlt 15b ls de6crlbed hereln rOr u9e ~ n a SLM-ba~d pro~ectlon system 10, it could be u~ed with any other type ot vldeo dlsplay sy6t~ that r~celvQs a horizontal sync slgnal and uses a color wheel.
For exa~ple, motor cont-rol unlt 15~ could be implemented ln a raot~ scan dl6play ~y~tom.
Motor control unlt lSb has an o~clllator 61, whlch r~aelves the horizontal ~ync slgnal. In the ~xa~ple or thl~ de~crlptlon, tho horlzontal 6ync olgnal repre~-nt~ S2s lln-~ per rr~3e. A~ explalned below, o~clll~tor 61 multlplles ths slgnal ~y a prodot~rml~et rr-guoncy multlplier 50 t~t dlvlde-by-n counter~ 65 wlll g~ner~t~ a square wave. rn thl~ ox~ple, o~elll~tor 61 ~uns at rour t~r-~ the ~requonay ot th~ horlzontal ~ync ~lgnal, to ~enerate a ~lr~t pul-~d ~lgn~ yplc~lly, o~alll~tor 61 1- a volt~ge controll-d o~alllator ror provlded a pulsed output.
JUL 16 '94 15:40 214 995 3511 PAGE.026 ., . .,. ~ i , 07-1~-94 03:38PM FROM T I LEGAL DEPARTMENT ~O KIREY, EADES,GALE....... P027/031 TI-1751 9 2 1 2 ~ 3 0 ~ APPLTCAq'TON
A divide-by-n counter 65 r~ceives the pul~od signal from oscillator 61. rt d~vides th~ ~ignal ~y t~e nu~bor o~
lines per fra~a. ~hu6, in the exampl~ of thl~ descriptlon, n ~ 525. Tho re~ult is a "~ram~-pul~ed" slgnal, havlng s frequ~ncy equal to that of tho ~ertical sync signal timo~
tho ~requency. multlplier or o~clllator 61.
A 6econd dl~lde-by-n counter 65 then dlv~dec the s~gn~l ~y somo pre~ot~r~lned frequency dlvider that 18 ono-halr ths ~ultlpli~r Or the 06cillator 61. In thls exa~plQ, where the ~ultlpller 1~ 4, the n value o~ counter 65 i~ 2.
~ho re~ultlng aguare w~ve 18 sy~etrlcal, ~nd ha~ a ~reguency oS 60 cycles per second, which matchec tho 60 rr~3s~ per seoond rreguoncy o~ the vertlcal oyna ~lgnal.
Ihl~ sgu~rQ wavo m~y be ~mpll~led or otherwlse condltloned ~5 to drl~e a ~lngle ph~o altern~tlng curront motor 16a.
Although not ohown ln Flguro 6, control unit 60 coult al~o ~e usod to prov~to a palr Or drlve ~ign~ls ~or ~
qu~dr~ture ph~o uotor. In thl~ case, o~clllator 61 would hav- ~ ~roqu~ncy o~ elght tlme~ t~at o~ the ~orlzontal sync slgnsl. countur 65 could bo a dlvlde-by-~our John~on counter rOr tho two output aign~l~, e~ch h~ng a ~requency o ~0 cycles per ~econd, but having a one-halr cycle pha~e dlrrer~nco wlth respcct to each other.
Flguro 7 ~llu~trates the ~me ch~nnel chsnglng e~ent Z5 a~ Flgur~ 3~ but wlth a color wheel posltlon th~t avoldo tho tr~nslent p-rlod. Flgure 6 al60 lllustr~tes th~ drlve ~lgnal, DS, whlch 1~ generatsd by ~otor oontrol unlt 15L.
AB ~ re~ult Or tho U~Q Or the horlzontal ~ync slgnal to drlvQ ~otor 16~, when ~ pha~o ch~nglng e~ont occurs, the dsl~o slgn~l aontlnu-~ to bo genor~tod wlthou~ a ~lgnl~lcant dlsaontlnulty. The tr~n~lent tlm~ lc llmlt~d to t~ lln- p~rlod rath~r th~n tho rr~me p~rlod or tho ~lqnal. In othor word~, the ~xlmum dlsruptlon ~ the ~orlod Or t~ botw~n two horl~o~tal cync pul~e~ whlch ~or a ~25 lln~ rr~o, 1~ ln th~ ordsr or 64 mlcroseconds.
JUL 16 '94 15:40 214 995 3511 PAGE.027 .:
' . ' ' ' ' ' ' ~ ' '" ~ ' '~ ' , " ' ',-" ' ' "'"' ' ' ' '" ' . " ' :, 01-16-94 03:38PM PROM T I LEGAL DEPAR~MENT TO KIR8Y, EADES,GALE .. P028/0~1 -~ TI-17sls 212 8 3 o g PATENT APPLIcATIoN
Another advantage of the motor control unit 15b, is the ability to re-synchronize color whe~l 14a to the vertical sync slgnal. Ref~rring ag~ln to Flgu~ 3, arter a phase changing ev~nt, ln gener~l, the color wheel 14~ 1~
s not in pha~e With the ~ertlcal sync ~ignal. In syste3- ln wh~ch t~e writ~ pointer 18 drlven by the vertlcal sync slgnal, thl~i c~n result in sltuatlons ln whlch the read pointer i~ ~t the end Or the currently dlsplayed rr~e, whll~ the wrlte polnter 18 at the beglnnlng o~ t~e next lo rra~e. ~hls re6ult~ in ~axi~u~ u~e o~ ~emory space.
However, lr th~ pha6e o~ color wheel 14a can be lncre~entally matched to the pha~e oS the vertlcal Jync s~gn~l, the read polnter and write polnters could be brought closer together. ~hls 18 accompll6ihed wlth s3~11 chang9~ to tho trlve waveror~ perlod, ~uch a~ by lncrementally lncreaolng or d~creaslng the n-value or counter 65 untll tho do-lred phase relatlonshlp 13 reached.
To optl~lze me~ory U8~ a altuatlon could be ~aintal~ed ~here the read pointer were posltloned 60 that each 6ectlon Or ~omory 13b w~- halr-rull at any glven tlme.
th~odl~
Alt~ough the inventlon has boen describ~d wltb r~rere~c~ to ~peclrlc e~bodlment8, t~ts descrlption 1~ not m~ant to be constru~d in a llmltlng sensie. Varloua ~odlSlcatlon6 or the dlsclosed ~bodi~ents, afi w ll a-~lte~natl~e e~bodl~ents, wlll ~e apparent to Fer~on~i akllled ln t~o art. ~t is, there~ore, cont~plated t~at the appended clal~s wlll ¢o~er all ~odl~l~atlons t~t wlthln the true scope o~ the lnventlon~
JUL 16 '94 15:41 214 995 3511 PAGE.028 ,...
' "' , '" ' ' i '' , ~ . ,' ': ' ' ' ' ' ' . ' ' ' ' ~
Claims (21)
1. A memory f or a video display system that uses a spatial light modulator (SLM) and a motor-driven color wheel, such that a color-phase relationship exists between data available to the SLM and position or the color wheel with respect to the SLM, comprising:
a memory having a separately addressable section for storing data representing each color to be displayed by the SLM, such that data from a selected section may be read at a given instant; and a pointer control unit for generating a read pointer that represents an address in the frame memory from where data is to be read out, and for determining said address and the timing of the reading in response to a feedback signal from the color wheel motor that indicates the current position of the color wheel with respect to the SLM.
a memory having a separately addressable section for storing data representing each color to be displayed by the SLM, such that data from a selected section may be read at a given instant; and a pointer control unit for generating a read pointer that represents an address in the frame memory from where data is to be read out, and for determining said address and the timing of the reading in response to a feedback signal from the color wheel motor that indicates the current position of the color wheel with respect to the SLM.
2. The memory of Claim 1, and further comprising a write overflow memory for storing data during a phase change of said video signal.
3. The memory of Claim 1, wherein said memory lo a frame memory having a sot of memory planes for storing bit-planes of data.
4. The memory or Claim 1, wherein each section of said memory has alternating write and road buffers.
5. The memory of Claim 1, wherein said pointer control unit has means for generating a write pointer representing an address to which data is to be written to said memory.
6. A method of managing a frame memory of a video display system that uses a spatial light modulator (SLM) and a motor-driven color wheel, such that a color-phase relationship exists between data available to the SLM and position of the color wheel with respect to the SLM, comprising the steps of:
storing data in a memory;
detecting the position of a color boundary of said color wheel with respect to the SLM; and generating a read pointer so that data representing the color of said color wheel following said boundary will be read from said memory at a time when said color of said color wheel is in front of said SLM.
storing data in a memory;
detecting the position of a color boundary of said color wheel with respect to the SLM; and generating a read pointer so that data representing the color of said color wheel following said boundary will be read from said memory at a time when said color of said color wheel is in front of said SLM.
7. The method of Claim 6, and further comprising the step of rotating said color wheel at a constant speed during each of said other steps.
8. The method of Claim 6, and further comprising the step of of delaying reading of data from said memory to said SLM until a known boundary of said color wheel is at a known location.
9. The method of Claim 8, and further comprising the step of writing data to said memory during said step of delaying reading.
10. The method of Claim 6, and further comprising the step of using the horizontal sync signal of a video signal to generate a drive signal for said color wheel.
11. A color-wheel motor control unit for a display system that uses a motor-driven color wheel, to display frames of color images from a video signal having a horizontal sync signal and a vertical sync signal, comprising:
an oscillator for receiving the horizontal sync signal and for generating a first pulsed signal having a frequency of said horizontal sync signal times a frequency multiplier;
a divide-by-n counter for receiving said first pulsed signal from said oscillator, and for dividing said alternating signal by a value equal to the number of lines in each frame, such that it generates a frame-pulsed signal; and a second divide-by-n counter for receiving said frame-pulsed signal and for dividing said frame-pulsed signal by a predetermined frequency divider, such that it generates a square wave signal having a period equal to that of said vertical sync signal.
an oscillator for receiving the horizontal sync signal and for generating a first pulsed signal having a frequency of said horizontal sync signal times a frequency multiplier;
a divide-by-n counter for receiving said first pulsed signal from said oscillator, and for dividing said alternating signal by a value equal to the number of lines in each frame, such that it generates a frame-pulsed signal; and a second divide-by-n counter for receiving said frame-pulsed signal and for dividing said frame-pulsed signal by a predetermined frequency divider, such that it generates a square wave signal having a period equal to that of said vertical sync signal.
12. The motor control unit of Claim 11, wherein said oscillator generates said first pulsed signal with a frequency of four times that of said horizontal sync signal, and wherein said second divide-by-n counter divides said frame-pulsed signal by two.
13. The motor control unit of Claim 11, wherein said oscillator is a voltage controlled oscillator.
14. The motor control unit of Claim 11, and further comprising means for converting said square wave signal to two cut-of-phase signals for driving a phase motor.
15. The motor control unit of Claim 11, wherein said second divide-by-n counter is a Johnson counter for providing two square wave signals.
16. The motor control unit of Claim 11, wherein said second divide-by-n counter may be changed to more than one value of n.
17. A method of providing a drive signal for a color-wheel motor for a display system that uses a motor-driven color wheel to display frames of color images from a video signal having a horizontal sync signal and a vertical sync signal, comprising the steps of:
converting the horizontal sync signal to a first pulsed signal having a frequency of said horizontal sync signal times a frequency multiplier;
dividing said first pulsed signal by a value equal to the number of lines in each frame to generate a frame-pulsed signal;
dividing said frame-pulsed signal by a predetermined frequency divider to generate a square wave signal having a period equal to that of the vertical sync signal; and driving the color wheel motor with a drive signal derived from said square wave.
converting the horizontal sync signal to a first pulsed signal having a frequency of said horizontal sync signal times a frequency multiplier;
dividing said first pulsed signal by a value equal to the number of lines in each frame to generate a frame-pulsed signal;
dividing said frame-pulsed signal by a predetermined frequency divider to generate a square wave signal having a period equal to that of the vertical sync signal; and driving the color wheel motor with a drive signal derived from said square wave.
18. The method of Claim 17, wherein said frequency multiplier is four and said frequency divider is two.
19. The method of Claim 17, and further comprising the step of dividing said square wave signal into two out-of-phase square wave signals.
20. The method of Claim 17, and further comprising the step of changing the divider value of said first divide-by-n counter to change the phase of said square wave.
21. The method of Claim 20, and further comprising the step of repeating said step of changing said divider value to incrementally obtain a desired phase relationship between said square wave and the vertical sync signal.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/093,537 US5365283A (en) | 1993-07-19 | 1993-07-19 | Color phase control for projection display using spatial light modulator |
| US093,537 | 1993-07-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2128308A1 true CA2128308A1 (en) | 1995-01-20 |
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ID=22239471
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002128308A Abandoned CA2128308A1 (en) | 1993-07-19 | 1994-07-18 | Color phase control for projection display using spatial light modulator |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5365283A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0638892B1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100338609B1 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN1041685C (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2128308A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69413908T2 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW289201B (en) |
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- 1994-07-19 DE DE69413908T patent/DE69413908T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-07-19 KR KR1019940017376A patent/KR100338609B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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| US6759519B2 (en) | 1995-06-06 | 2004-07-06 | Human Genome Sciences, Inc. | Antibodies to human G-protein chemokine receptor HDGNR10 (CCR5receptor) |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR950003860A (en) | 1995-02-17 |
| CN1124900A (en) | 1996-06-19 |
| DE69413908T2 (en) | 1999-05-12 |
| TW289201B (en) | 1996-10-21 |
| US5365283A (en) | 1994-11-15 |
| CN1041685C (en) | 1999-01-13 |
| KR100338609B1 (en) | 2002-10-25 |
| DE69413908D1 (en) | 1998-11-19 |
| EP0638892A1 (en) | 1995-02-15 |
| CN1107420C (en) | 2003-04-30 |
| US5657099A (en) | 1997-08-12 |
| EP0638892B1 (en) | 1998-10-14 |
| CN1190845A (en) | 1998-08-19 |
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| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |