CA2131423A1 - Substrate for Thermal Recording Head, Ink Jet Recording Head Using the Substrate, Recording Apparatus with the Recording Head, and Method of Driving Recording Head - Google Patents
Substrate for Thermal Recording Head, Ink Jet Recording Head Using the Substrate, Recording Apparatus with the Recording Head, and Method of Driving Recording HeadInfo
- Publication number
- CA2131423A1 CA2131423A1 CA2131423A CA2131423A CA2131423A1 CA 2131423 A1 CA2131423 A1 CA 2131423A1 CA 2131423 A CA2131423 A CA 2131423A CA 2131423 A CA2131423 A CA 2131423A CA 2131423 A1 CA2131423 A1 CA 2131423A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- recording head
- substrate
- recording
- driving
- heating resistor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title abstract 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 2
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/17—Ink jet characterised by ink handling
- B41J2/175—Ink supply systems ; Circuit parts therefor
- B41J2/17503—Ink cartridges
- B41J2/1752—Mounting within the printer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/015—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process
- B41J2/04—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand
- B41J2/045—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers
- B41J2/04501—Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits
- B41J2/04541—Specific driving circuit
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/015—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process
- B41J2/04—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand
- B41J2/045—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers
- B41J2/04501—Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits
- B41J2/0455—Details of switching sections of circuit, e.g. transistors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/015—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process
- B41J2/04—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand
- B41J2/045—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers
- B41J2/04501—Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits
- B41J2/04563—Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits detecting head temperature; Ink temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/015—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process
- B41J2/04—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand
- B41J2/045—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers
- B41J2/04501—Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits
- B41J2/0458—Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits controlling heads based on heating elements forming bubbles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
- B41J2/14016—Structure of bubble jet print heads
- B41J2/14088—Structure of heating means
- B41J2/14112—Resistive element
- B41J2/14129—Layer structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/16—Production of nozzles
- B41J2/1601—Production of bubble jet print heads
- B41J2/1604—Production of bubble jet print heads of the edge shooter type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/16—Production of nozzles
- B41J2/1621—Manufacturing processes
- B41J2/1626—Manufacturing processes etching
- B41J2/1628—Manufacturing processes etching dry etching
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/16—Production of nozzles
- B41J2/1621—Manufacturing processes
- B41J2/1626—Manufacturing processes etching
- B41J2/1629—Manufacturing processes etching wet etching
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/16—Production of nozzles
- B41J2/1621—Manufacturing processes
- B41J2/1631—Manufacturing processes photolithography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/16—Production of nozzles
- B41J2/1621—Manufacturing processes
- B41J2/164—Manufacturing processes thin film formation
- B41J2/1642—Manufacturing processes thin film formation thin film formation by CVD [chemical vapor deposition]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/16—Production of nozzles
- B41J2/1621—Manufacturing processes
- B41J2/164—Manufacturing processes thin film formation
- B41J2/1646—Manufacturing processes thin film formation thin film formation by sputtering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
- B41J2002/14379—Edge shooter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2202/00—Embodiments of or processes related to ink-jet or thermal heads
- B41J2202/01—Embodiments of or processes related to ink-jet heads
- B41J2202/13—Heads having an integrated circuit
Abstract
This invention has as its object to provide a substrate for an ink jet recording head, which is compact and can realize stable recording with high reliability, a recording head using the substrate, a recording apparatus mounting the recording head, and a method of driving the recording head.
There are disclosed a substrate for a thermal recording head, having a plurality of heating resistor elements, a plurality of wiring electrodes for supplying driving signals to the heating resistor elements, a function element, electrically connected to the heating resistor elements, for selectively driving the plurality of heating resistor elements, and a measurement resistor element which is electrically independent from the heating resistor elements and the function element, and has a resistance value larger than that of each heating resistor element, an ink jet head, a head cartridge, and a recording apparatus utilizing the substrate, and a method of driving a recording head using a measurement resistor.
There are disclosed a substrate for a thermal recording head, having a plurality of heating resistor elements, a plurality of wiring electrodes for supplying driving signals to the heating resistor elements, a function element, electrically connected to the heating resistor elements, for selectively driving the plurality of heating resistor elements, and a measurement resistor element which is electrically independent from the heating resistor elements and the function element, and has a resistance value larger than that of each heating resistor element, an ink jet head, a head cartridge, and a recording apparatus utilizing the substrate, and a method of driving a recording head using a measurement resistor.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP5-223495 | 1993-09-08 | ||
JP05223495A JP3143549B2 (en) | 1993-09-08 | 1993-09-08 | Substrate for thermal recording head, inkjet recording head using the substrate, inkjet cartridge, inkjet recording apparatus, and method of driving recording head |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2131423A1 true CA2131423A1 (en) | 1995-03-09 |
CA2131423C CA2131423C (en) | 2000-11-14 |
Family
ID=16799041
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002131423A Expired - Lifetime CA2131423C (en) | 1993-09-08 | 1994-09-02 | Substrate for thermal recording head, ink jet recording head using the substrate, recording apparatus with the recording head, and method of driving recording head |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US5943070A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0641656B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3143549B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR0138202B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1061000C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE199231T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU677086B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2131423C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69426717T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2154668T3 (en) |
TW (1) | TW278296B (en) |
Families Citing this family (35)
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JP3323597B2 (en) | 1993-09-03 | 2002-09-09 | キヤノン株式会社 | Substrate for inkjet head, inkjet head using the substrate, and inkjet printing apparatus |
JP3143549B2 (en) * | 1993-09-08 | 2001-03-07 | キヤノン株式会社 | Substrate for thermal recording head, inkjet recording head using the substrate, inkjet cartridge, inkjet recording apparatus, and method of driving recording head |
IT1276469B1 (en) * | 1995-07-04 | 1997-10-31 | Olivetti Canon Ind Spa | METHOD FOR STABILIZING THE THERMAL WORKING CONDITIONS OF AN INKJET PRINTING HEAD AND RELATED PRINTING HEAD |
JPH1024584A (en) | 1996-07-12 | 1998-01-27 | Canon Inc | Liquid discharge head cartridge and liquid discharge device |
ES2203755T3 (en) | 1996-07-31 | 2004-04-16 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | PRINT HEAD AND PRINT METHOD. |
US6102515A (en) * | 1997-03-27 | 2000-08-15 | Lexmark International, Inc. | Printhead driver for jetting heaters and substrate heater in an ink jet printer and method of controlling such heaters |
EP0890439A3 (en) * | 1997-07-11 | 1999-08-25 | Lexmark International, Inc. | Ink jet printhead with an integral substrate heater driver |
AU1058099A (en) | 1997-10-30 | 1999-05-24 | Xaarjet Ab | Ink jet printer |
JP2001071499A (en) * | 1998-09-30 | 2001-03-21 | Canon Inc | Ink-jet recording head, ink-jet device comprising the same and ink-jet recording method |
US6357862B1 (en) | 1998-10-08 | 2002-03-19 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Substrate for ink jet recording head, ink jet recording head and method of manufacture therefor |
JP3610279B2 (en) | 2000-04-03 | 2005-01-12 | キヤノン株式会社 | Recording head and recording apparatus provided with the recording head |
JP2002079673A (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-03-19 | Canon Inc | Ink jet recording head, method of manufacturing ink jet recording head, ink jet recording apparatus, and method of driving ink jet recording head |
US6869157B2 (en) | 2001-03-26 | 2005-03-22 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of driving and controlling ink jet print head, ink jet print head, and ink jet printer |
JP2002370363A (en) | 2001-06-15 | 2002-12-24 | Canon Inc | Substrate for ink jet recording head, ink jet recording head, and ink jet recorder |
JP4183226B2 (en) * | 2001-11-15 | 2008-11-19 | キヤノン株式会社 | RECORDING HEAD SUBSTRATE, RECORDING HEAD, RECORDING DEVICE, AND RECORDING HEAD SUBSTRATE INSPECTION METHOD |
JP2004050637A (en) * | 2002-07-19 | 2004-02-19 | Canon Inc | Substrate for inkjet head, inkjet head, and inkjet recorder employing inkjet head |
JP4125069B2 (en) * | 2002-08-13 | 2008-07-23 | キヤノン株式会社 | Inkjet recording head substrate, inkjet recording head, and inkjet recording apparatus using the inkjet recording head |
US6794753B2 (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2004-09-21 | Lexmark International, Inc. | Diffusion barrier and method therefor |
US20050206679A1 (en) * | 2003-07-03 | 2005-09-22 | Rio Rivas | Fluid ejection assembly |
US6890067B2 (en) | 2003-07-03 | 2005-05-10 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Fluid ejection assembly |
JP4497869B2 (en) * | 2003-09-04 | 2010-07-07 | キヤノン株式会社 | Circuit board manufacturing method |
US7344218B2 (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2008-03-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Printhead driving method, printhead substrate, printhead, head cartridge and printing apparatus |
TWI267446B (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2006-12-01 | Canon Kk | Printhead substrate, printhead using the substrate, head cartridge including the printhead, method of driving the printhead, and printing apparatus using the printhead |
KR100694053B1 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2007-03-12 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Print head driver of inkjet printer and semiconductor circuit board therefor |
JP4886187B2 (en) * | 2004-12-15 | 2012-02-29 | キヤノン株式会社 | Inkjet recording head substrate and inkjet recording head using the substrate |
JP4845415B2 (en) * | 2005-04-18 | 2011-12-28 | キヤノン株式会社 | Inkjet recording head |
US7540593B2 (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2009-06-02 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Fluid ejection assembly |
US7380914B2 (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2008-06-03 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Fluid ejection assembly |
JP2006321123A (en) * | 2005-05-19 | 2006-11-30 | Seiko Instruments Inc | Heating resistor element, thermal head and ink jet |
JP4804251B2 (en) * | 2006-07-20 | 2011-11-02 | キヤノン株式会社 | Imaging device and imaging unit |
KR101313946B1 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2013-10-01 | 캐논 가부시끼가이샤 | Liquid-discharge-head substrate, method of manufacturing the same, and liquid discharge head |
JP5393596B2 (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2014-01-22 | キヤノン株式会社 | Inkjet recording device |
WO2013016003A1 (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2013-01-31 | Eastman Kodak Company | Inkjet printhead with test resistors |
US8439477B2 (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2013-05-14 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method of characterizing array of resistive heaters |
JP6948167B2 (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2021-10-13 | キヤノン株式会社 | Semiconductor device, liquid discharge head and liquid discharge device |
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JP3143549B2 (en) * | 1993-09-08 | 2001-03-07 | キヤノン株式会社 | Substrate for thermal recording head, inkjet recording head using the substrate, inkjet cartridge, inkjet recording apparatus, and method of driving recording head |
JP3208654B2 (en) | 1996-05-31 | 2001-09-17 | 株式会社フクハラ | Control method and control device for air compressor and drain discharge |
-
1993
- 1993-09-08 JP JP05223495A patent/JP3143549B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-08-26 TW TW083107860A patent/TW278296B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-09-02 CA CA002131423A patent/CA2131423C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-02 US US08/300,122 patent/US5943070A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-07 AU AU72904/94A patent/AU677086B2/en not_active Expired
- 1994-09-07 KR KR94022432A patent/KR0138202B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-09-07 EP EP94306581A patent/EP0641656B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-07 AT AT94306581T patent/ATE199231T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-09-07 ES ES94306581T patent/ES2154668T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-07 DE DE69426717T patent/DE69426717T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-08 CN CN94115141A patent/CN1061000C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-07-09 US US09/350,296 patent/US6257695B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-09-07 US US09/656,016 patent/US6471339B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU677086B2 (en) | 1997-04-10 |
DE69426717D1 (en) | 2001-03-29 |
CN1061000C (en) | 2001-01-24 |
ATE199231T1 (en) | 2001-03-15 |
DE69426717T2 (en) | 2001-08-02 |
AU7290494A (en) | 1995-03-23 |
KR0138202B1 (en) | 1998-05-15 |
CN1104151A (en) | 1995-06-28 |
EP0641656A2 (en) | 1995-03-08 |
US6471339B1 (en) | 2002-10-29 |
TW278296B (en) | 1996-06-11 |
CA2131423C (en) | 2000-11-14 |
US5943070A (en) | 1999-08-24 |
KR950008129A (en) | 1995-04-17 |
JPH0776077A (en) | 1995-03-20 |
EP0641656B1 (en) | 2001-02-21 |
US6257695B1 (en) | 2001-07-10 |
ES2154668T3 (en) | 2001-04-16 |
JP3143549B2 (en) | 2001-03-07 |
EP0641656A3 (en) | 1996-01-24 |
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