CA2167990C - Anterior screw-rod connector - Google Patents

Anterior screw-rod connector Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2167990C
CA2167990C CA002167990A CA2167990A CA2167990C CA 2167990 C CA2167990 C CA 2167990C CA 002167990 A CA002167990 A CA 002167990A CA 2167990 A CA2167990 A CA 2167990A CA 2167990 C CA2167990 C CA 2167990C
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
connector
bolt
thru
post
hole
Prior art date
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Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CA002167990A
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French (fr)
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CA2167990A1 (en
Inventor
Stanley Gertzbein
Michael C. Sherman
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Warsaw Orthopedic Inc
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Warsaw Orthopedic Inc
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Publication of CA2167990A1 publication Critical patent/CA2167990A1/en
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7041—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae with single longitudinal rod offset laterally from single row of screws or hooks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7044—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae also having plates, staples or washers bearing on the vertebrae
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7049—Connectors, not bearing on the vertebrae, for linking longitudinal elements together
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/80—Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates
    • A61B17/809—Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates with bone-penetrating elements, e.g. blades or prongs

Abstract

A transverse fixator assembly for spanning between a number of longitudinal members situated adjacent a patient's vertebrae and methods for fixation of the spine which allow variation of the distance between two or more vertebrae. The assembly includes a number of connectors configured to span the distance between and engage the longitudinal members.
The connectors define a thru-hole for engaging a bone bolt which is engaged to a vertebra plus a number of spikes projecting from the connector. A locking mechanism is configured to prevent the bolt from rotating relative to the connector when the nut is being tightened. One or more of the connectors may be a dynamic connector which is slidably engaged to the longitudinal members to vary the distance between the vertebrae for compression or distraction.

Description

' ' = h! 16i ~ 90 ANTERIOR SCREW-ROD CONNECTOR, formerly SPINAL ROD TRANSVERSE CONNECTORS
FIELD OF TIiE INVENTION

Ttre present invention broadly concerns devices for use in spinal implant systems, particularly those usirrg spinal rods contoured for connection at various locations along the length of the spinal column. More specifically, the invention concerns an apparatus for spanning between spinal rods to support vertebral fixation elements of the implant system which provide direct engagement to vertebrae of the spinal colun-n. The inverrtion is particularly useful witli -nethods and devices for anterior fixation of the spine.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Spinal fractures often occur at tl-re thoracolwnbar juncl:ion. Most of these fractures are burst i-ijuries wlrich are particularly dangerous because retropulsed bone fragments caii cause spinal cord or caudal equina injuries. Posterior fixation fras long been tlie primary approach for traumatic spirral injuries of this type.
The development of posterior ir-ternal fixation procedures for burst fractures was a substantial improvement over early approactres of bed rest and body casts. liowever, several disadvantages to these procedures were discovered. For example, this approach fails to reduce kyphosis or allow coniplete clearing of the spinal canal. Other cornplications include pseudoarthroses, late rod disengagement and inadequate reduction. Also, some posterior instrumentat-ions require t-he fusion to extend at least two levels above and below the injury, particularly at the thoracolunibar jtlnction. The posterior approach is also limited in L-1-e viability for use in burst fractures because in such fractures neural compression generally occurs from the aiiterior directioii. Tlierefore, it is better to decornpress and fuse the spine anteriorly. These difficulties have rnolivated altempts at anterior approaches. Various anterior aiid posterior spinal fixation devices and nietl=iods are discussed in Howard S. An, et al.", (1992)' Spinal Iiistrumentatiort.(Baltimore, U.S.A.: Williams & Wilkins) .
There are several advaritages to anterior iirt-ernal fixation. An anterior approach allows coniplete clearance from the spinal canal of bone fragments and/or total resection of a l=umor. It also permits fusion of a iiiinirnal riunrber of motion segments. In spite of these advantages, l=11e use of anterior approaches has been limited by the risk of cotnpl ications anc7 otlier disadvantages of cur.rerrt systerns.
Several plate and screw systems have beeii designed for aiiterior instrumentation of the spinal column. Tlie Syracuse I-Plate (Danek and Syrit-lies) may use rigid or seini-rigid screws in cornbination with a plate. Distraction or compression of the bone graft is not possible with tl-iis systein. The CASF Plate marketed by Acromed is designed to be used in a serni-rigid manner. This device, as well, does not permit compression or distraction of the bone graft arid in addition cannot be used in a rigid construct. The Staf=ix Plating Systern marketed by Daruma of Taipei, Taiwan, is an anterior thoracolurnbar plate designed to address similar indications. This plate incorporates slots and holes as well as permitting quadrilateral placemeiit of screws. The Anterior Thoracolirmbar Plating System under c7eveloprnerit wi t-li Uanek and Dr. Zdeblick is a slotted plate designed to att.ach to tlre anterior lateral aspect of the vertebral body. The plate allows distraction and/or coinpression through the use of two screws and two bolts.
Several modular spinal instruinenlat=ion syst-enis were developed for anterior iiistrument-atioiz. 1'lie Y.aneda device is a systein wtiich includes a rod coupler distant from the poirit of attachinent to the vertebral bodies. Rods are inserted thxough holes in the spinal screw head-s which are then attache=d to the superior and inferior vertebral bodies.
Normally two screws are placed in eacli body, therefore two rods are required. These rods are threaded to allow compression and distraction and ar~O_ connected to form a solid construct at the end of the procedure.,. The Texas Scottislr Rite Hospital* System is also a modular spinal system =which can be used anterioraly for the management for bur-at fractures or. tumors. This device can be configured inuch in the same way as the Kaneda device with two screws in tlie siiperior and inferior vertebral body, each connected by rods which are in turn connected toget-her. The Dunn device is anotlier anterior spinal fixation device for use in tumor or thoracolumbar burst fractures. This device, similar to Kanec7a, iiivolves vertebral body sl=aples, screws posit-ioiied in Lhe vertebral boc]y, and two threaded rods connecting a supexior and inferior vertebral body to form a rigid construct.' Tliese systeins have proved unsatisfactory. Many of tl-,ese devices such as the Syracuse I-plate and the CasP plal=e do not allow distraction or coinpression of a bone graft in fusion cases. Sucli static syst-eius canilot be used to correct cert=ain disorders such as kyphosis. The systems that do allow distractiori and/or coinpression are oft-eri too coinplicated and involve the use of inultiple screws and bolts. The prominent bone screws anc9 rods of some devices increase the danger of vascular injury. Harc7ware failures, such as screw pull-out, have led to complications, iricluding pseuc]oartlirosis. Some systeins are further limited because they cannot be used in a rigid const-r.uct.
It would tl-ierefore be desirable to liave a low profile, streamlined system with a miniinum of separately implanted cpniponents L-o reduce tlie amount of L-ime reyuirerl to implant ' Trade-mark (.r 11J f 9el 0 the systern, the risk of vascular injury and the problem of irritation to the surrourrding soft tissue of the patierit.
A need exists for devices for anterior fixation wtiich reduce the risks of anterior fixation by providing a mechanism to prevent hardware failures, such as screw pull-out.
lt is desirable to have a spiiial fixation system that is readily adapted to provide lateral coupling between spinal rods and multiple stages or segments of the spinal column.
Such a systern should provide this segmental inl-erconnectioii without interfering with vertebral areas available for borie grafting to achieve permanent fixation or irnmobilization of damaged vertebrae.
There is also a need for low profile, streamlir-ed systenrs wlricli allow variation of the distances between vertebrae, i.e., cornrressiori and distraction, without the need for cortrplicated instrunientation and tools.
Tliere is currently no system that addresses eaclr of tliese features in a single apparatus. Ttie present invention addresses these needs and provides other benefits not previously found in spinal fixation systems of the prior art.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with the invention, an apparatus is provided for spanning between a pair of longitudinal members situated adjacent a patient's vertebrae along the sagittal plane. The assembly includes a number of connectors which are engageable to the longitudinal members via clamping surfaces provided in a slot defined in the connector. Each of the connectors defines a thru-hole for engaging a bone bolt which in turn is engaged to a vertebral body. A
fastener clamps the bone bolt to the connector. The assembly also includes a number of fixation spikes projecting from the connector which are configured to engage the vertebrae.

In a specific embodiment of the invention, there is provided a locking mechanism configured to prevent the bolt from rotating relative to the connector and the vertebra when the nut is being tightened. The locking mechanism may include radial splines on the lower surface of the connector and also on a mating face on the bone bolt.

In another embodiment, the spinal fixation system includes a dynamic, or movable, rod connector and a fixed rod connector which allows variation of the distances between vertebrae for compression or distraction.

Thus, in a broad aspect, the invention provides a spinal fixation system comprising: at least two longitudinal members; a transverse connector defining a thru-hole and having a lower bone engagement surface, an opposite upper surface, and said connector defining a slot to receive said members, and a number of internal clamping surfaces surrounding said slot, said clamping surfaces configured to engage said members; a number of spikes projecting from said lower surface of said connector, said spikes configured to -5a-engage a vertebra; a bolt having a vertebra engaging portion on a first end, a post on a second end, said post insertable through said thru-hole of said connector, an integral flange between said vertebra engaging portion and said post for supporting said connector; and a fastener engageable to the post of said bolt to secure the connector to the bolt and to clamp said connector between said fastener and said flange of said bolt.

In another aspect, the invention provides a spinal fixation system comprising: two parallel rods, each having a first end and a second end; a fixed rod connector having a lower surface and an upper surface and defining a thru-hole, said fixed rod connector fixed to the first end of both of said rods; a dynamic rod connector having a lower surface and an upper surface and defining a thru-hole, said dynamic rod connector slidably engaged to each of said rods; a number of spikes fixedly projecting from said lower surface of each of said connectors, said spikes configured to engage a vertebra; one bolt for each connector, each said bolt having a vertebra engaging portion on a first end and a threaded post on a second end, said post insertable through said thru-holes of said connectors; an integral flange between said vertebra engaging portion and said post for supporting said connector; and a threaded nut for each of said bolts, said nut engageable to a bolt to secure a connector to a bolt.

In another aspect, the invention provides a transverse fixator assembly for spanning between a pair of longitudinal members situated adjacent a patient's vertebrae, comprising: a number of connectors each having a lower bone engagement surface and an upper surface, each of said connectors configured to span a distance between said members and engageable to said members, each of said -5b-connectors defining a thru-hole for engaging a bone bolt;
and a number of spikes projecting from said lower surface of each said connector, said spikes configured to engage a vertebra; a bone bolt for each of said connectors, said bone bolt including, a vertebra engaging portion on a first end, a threaded post on a second end, said post insertable through said thru-hole of said connector, and an integral flange between said vertebra engaging portion and said post for supporting said connector; a threaded nut for each of said bolts, said nut engageable to a bolt to secure a connector to a bolt; and a locking mechanism configured to prevent the bolt from rotating relative to said connector and the vertebra when the threaded nut is being threaded onto said post.

In another aspect, the invention provides use of a fixation system for fixation of a spine, said system comprising: two longitudinal members; a fixed rod connector attached to a first end of each of said members, said fixed rod connector defining a first thru-hole; a dynamic rod connector slidably engaged to said members, said dynamic rod connector defining a second thru-hole; said first thru-hole capable of engaging a first threaded bone bolt engaging a first hole drilled in a first vertebral body; said dynamic rod connector capable of being situated so that the second thru-hole is capable of engaging a second bone bolt engaging a second hole drilled in a second vertebral body while the first thru-hole engages the first threaded bone bolt; said dynamic rod connector being further capable of being slid along the longitudinal members while the first thru-hole engages the first bone bolt and the dynamic rod connector engages the second bone bolt, to vary the distance between the vertebrae; and each of said bone bolts being capable of -5c-being engaged by a threaded nut to secure the fixation system to the vertebrae.

One object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for use in laterally connecting longitudinal members implanted adjacent a patient's vertebral column.

Another object of this invention is to provide an apparatus which provides for convenient management of thoracolumbar burst fractures and tumors and which permits anterior load sharing as well as compression and distraction.

One benefit of the apparatus of the present invention is that it combines means for connecting the vertebral fixation elements to the spinal rods with means for laterally or transversely connecting the spinal rods together. An additional benefit is that the invention provides a more compact construct with a lower profile as compared Lo prior spirral rod constructs ernployir-g many individual componenL-s to conriect vertebrae and spinal rods.
Yet anotlier benefit achieved by the inverition resides in providing segmeiital coupling or conriection of the spinal rods, while perniitting a wide variation of orientations at the vertebral fixation elemeiits relative to the spinal rods.
Another advantage of this invention is that it provides fixation assentblies that can be top loaded, or implarited over bolts after the bolts have been engaged in the vertebrae.
OLlier objects and furtlier benefits of the preseilt ii-verition will become apparent to persons of ordiliary skill in the art from the following written description and accoinPanying figures.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF TllE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspeclive view of Llie spinal fixation systein of the present inverition including a pair of transverse connectors spaiining between two spinal rods with a pair of vertebral fixation bolts and correspoiiding iluts.
FIG. 2 is an end elevational view of a transverse conriector according to one embodiment.
FIG. 3, is a side cross-sectional view of a Lransverse coiinector engaged to a vertebra.
FIG. 4 is a side elevational view of a bone bolt according to one embodiment of the inverition for use wiLli the fixation system sliown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 is a bott-om elevational view of the lower surface of a transverse connector sliowri in FIG. 1.
F'IG. 6 is a top elevational view of tYte bone bolt according to one eniuodiinerit as sl-iowri in FIG. 2.

(r16l39ll' '..-DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBOllIMEN'TS

For the purposes of promoting an understariding of the principles of the invenL-ion, reference will now be made to lhe embodiments illustraLed in the drawings and specific language will be used to describe the same. IL will nevertheless be understood that no li-uitatiori of the scope of the invention is thereby iritended, such alterations and furtlier inodifications in the illustrated devices, and sucli further applicatioris of the principles of the invention as illustrated therein being contemplated as would normally occur to one skilled in the art to which L-lie inveiition relates.
The preser-t invention is useful for anterior internal fixation of the spine wl--icli is indicated for thoracolumbar biirst fractures with sigrrificant canal comprornise, vertebral body turnors, lesioris due to infection, spondylolisLllesis, degenerative discs, and post-laminectomy instabiliL-y.
This invention provides a top-loaded, low profile anterior fixation system wliich requires minimal insLrumenL-ation yet permits anterior load sliaring arrd compression or distraction. The uriique constructs of tliis invention perrnit fixation and compression or distraction wiL-li oiily two bolts, two rods arid two rod connectors.
A spinal fixation system 10 in accordance witli a preferred embodiment of the present invention is depicted in FIG. 1. The system 10 includes a transverse connector 15 defining a thru-hole 16 and having a lower bone erigagetnent surface 20 and an upper surface 23. The transverse connector 15 engages a number of longitudinal members 11 by clampir-g surface 22 provided in a slot 21 defined in the connector 15. Preferably the longitudinal nienibers 11 are spinal f:ixation rods. In one embodiment, the members 11 ai-e smooth shot peened rods.
Referring to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, a nurnber of fixation spikes 17 are fixedly attactied to the lower surface 20 of the connector 15. Ttre lower surface 20 of the connector 15 in combination with an inner surface 19 of the fixation spikes 17 are configured to fit snugly around either side of a vertebra. In anoL-her application, the fixatiorr spikes 17 inay be slightly embedded into the vertebra. The end of each spike 17 is preferably beveled on its outer surface 24 so Lhat each fixatiorr spike 17 terminates in a wedge shape 18 w[iich may aid in fixing and holdirig the connector 15 in place over a vertebra.
Bolts 30. are used to attach the system 10 to tl-re vertebrae. It is understood that "bolt" refers to any of various bone fasteners, including a standard bone screw. The present irrverition is uiiique because it requires only one bolt per coniiector. Previous devices liave requ i red two. FIG. 4 shows oiie embodiment of a bolt 30 in detail. The bolt 30 has a verLebra engaging porti.on 31 at a first errd 33 and a post 32 at a second end 35. The vertebra engaging portion 31 of the bolt 30 may be configured, for example, with cancellous tl-reads for fixation in tile spoirgy bone of the verl.ebral body. The bolt also includes an-integral flange 36 for supporting and clamping the connector 15. In one embodiment:, tl-e secorrd end 35 is configured to receive a driving tool.
Tiie configuration may include an internal or external lrex as is well known in the art.
. Tlie fixation system 10 can be Lop-loaded, i.e., implanted over a bolt 30 after the bolt 30 is engaged to a vertebra.
This is advantageous because it reduces the required size of Lhe surgical opening and trauma to the patient. Top-loading also provides aitiechanical advaritage during iinplantaL-ion of the system. After a bolt 30 is errgaged to a vertebra by convenLional means, the post 32 is insertable L-hrougli the thru-liole 16 of the connector 15. A fasL-ener 40 is provided for each of tlre bolts 30. The fastener 40 engages to the post 32 of the bolt 30 to secure the connecL-or 15 to the bolt 30 ancl to clamp tlie longitudinal rnemuers 11 witliin tlie slot 21 of the connector 15. Thus, the longitudirial rnembers 11 and the connector 15 are sectired by a single bolt 30. Where the fastener 40 is a threaded nut, as in tl--e preferred ernbodiment, the post 32 of the bolt 30 may included machirre threads to engage with the nut. The nut or other fastener 40 is tlien top- tightened with a tool such as a socket wrenclr.
The connector 15 may define recesses 41 surroundirig each tlrru-hole 16 defined in the connector 15. Eacii recess can be configured to accept a fasterier 40 in low profile so that the fastener 4Q does not extend over the upper surface 23 of the connector 15 when it is engaged to a posts 32. 'i'he recesses 41 cari be concave to accept an arcuate underside of the fasterrer 40.
The spinal fixation systeni 10 niay also be provided witli a locking mechanism configured to prevent the bolts 30 from rotating relative to the connect-or 15 and the vertebra wlien i.(re fastener or nut 40 is being tiglitened onto the bolt 30.
Z'lie locking mechanism also prevents the bolts from pulling out over time. In one embodinierit of the invention, the locking mechanism iiicludes an annular ring 45 defined on the lower surface 20 (FIG. 5) of the coniiector 15 and a mating face 50 affixed to eaclr bolt 30 at a location between the post 32 and the vertebrae engaging portion 31. Ttre annular rirrg 45 on the lower strrface 20 of the connector 15 is concentrically disposed arot.ind the thru-hole 16 and iiicludes a nurnber of radial splines 46. Referring to P'IGS. 1 aiid 6, the rnating face 50 is concent-r:ically disposed around arid affixed to the bolt 30 and includes a nuniber of opposing radial splines 51 for interdigitated engagement witli tl-ie radial splines 46 on the lower surface 20 of the conuector 15. The arrnular ring 45 may alteruately be a washer afCixed to or a ring integrally formed on the lower surface 20 of tlie connector 15.
Tlie claniping surface 22 provided by t)ie slot 21 defiriecl in ttre connector 15 niay include a riumber of scallops (FIG.
G). The scallops are configured to receive the longitudinal mernbers 11 in a rnaririer that is well known in the art. For example, each scallop can be generally forrned at a radius that is slightly smaller than the radius of the longit-udinal niernber 11 which is to be situated within the scallop. The scallops provide means for fixing the spinal rods so that the longitudinal members 11 and connector 15 do not shift relative to each otl-ier. However, it is underst-ood that the slot 21 defined in the connector 15 rnay be srnootli arid I.hat otlrer means may be provided to firrnly fix ttre longitudinal menrbe r s 11.
For example, in orre embodiment, the slot 21 is smootl-r arrd ttie engagernent of the longitudinal members 11 with tlje connector 15 is secured by a clampirrg action. Tlre tiglrtenirrg of a fasterrer 40 on the post 32 causes a narrowing of the slot 21 of the connector 15 whiclr in turn causes the connector 15 to securely clamp the longitudinal members 11.
Anotlier aspect of this invention provides mearis to vary the distance between vertebral bodies. According to ttre inverrlion, a dynamic transverse conrrector 55 (FIG. 1) is slidable along the two longitudinal members 11 for compression and distraction of the vertebral bodies attached to Llre syste-n 10. One or rnore of otlrer conrrectors 7.5 rnay be ericlaqed to the lorrgitudirral members at a fixed location.
After compression or distraction is achieved, the dynamic corrrreci:or 55 can be fixed by tiglitening the bolt 30 to whicli the cortrrector 55 is fasteried. Tlre rruts 40 wlrich attacli to the bolts 30 can then be top tightened wittr a tool such as a socket wrericll.
Tlie inverrtion also provides methods for fixating tlie spine whiclr include drilling a first hole in a first vertebral body arrd drilling a second hole in a second vertebral body. A borie bolt 30 is engaged to eacli of the first and second holes. The vertebrae are then supported wilh a fixation system 10 wliich includes two longitudinal members 11, such as rods. A first corinector 15 is aLtached to a first end of each of the longitudirial rnenibers 11, and a dynarnic rod connector 55 is slidably engaged to ttre longitudinal inembers 11. One of the bone bolts 30 is eiigaged to the thru-hole 16 of the first connector 15. The dyrrarnic rod connector 55 is situated so tliat another bolt 30 engages a L-liru-hole 16 in the dynamic rod connector 55. The dyriamic rod connector 55 is ttien slid along the longitudirial niembers 11 to vary the distance between the first and second vert-ebrae. The post 32 of eacli bone bolt 30 is then engaged with a nut 40 to secure ttie fixation system 10 to the vertebrae. '1'he dynamic rod connector 55 may be s1i.d a7ong the longitudinal inembers 11 in the direction towards Llre fixed connector 15 to compress the vertebrae before engagi.ng the bone bolts 30 with the nuts 40. The dynamic connector 55 iiiay also be slid irr a direclion away from Llie fixed conrrector for distraction.
The spinal fixatiori system 10 is preferably formed of niedical grade stainless steel or similar high strengtli inaterial. Ottrer rual-erials are coritemplated, provided Llie material is strong P.nougll to endure the high loads transrnitted L-hrough the componerrts, aiid yet are bioconipat-ible. Specifically, the sysl-ern could be manufactured in 6A14V titanium or 316LVM staiiiless steel.
The system can be provided in several different sizes ranging f roni, but not liini ted to, 2.0 inches to 5.5 iriches.
W1-iile the invention has been illustrated and described irr detail and the drawings and foregoing description, Lhe same is to be considered as illustrative ana r-ot restricLive in clraracter, it being understood that only the preferred embodiments liave been shown and described and that all clranges and modificaL-ions that come withiri the spirit of tire invention are desired to be protected.

Claims (31)

  1. CLAIMS :

    l. A spinal fixation system comprising:
    at least two longitudinal members;
    a transverse connector defining a thru-hole and having a lower bone engagement surface, an opposite upper surface, and said connector defining a slot to receive said members, and a number of internal clamping surfaces surrounding said slot, said clamping surfaces configured to engage said members;
    a number of spikes projecting from said lower surface of said connector, said spikes configured to engage a vertebra;
    a bolt having a vertebra engaging portion on a first end, a post on a second end, said post insertable through said thru-hole of said connector, an integral flange between said vertebra engaging portion and said post for supporting said connector; and a fastener engageable to the post of said bolt to secure the connector to the bolt and to clamp said connector between said fastener and said flange of said bolt.
  2. 2. The system of claim 1 wherein the post of said bolt is threaded and the fastener is a threaded nut.
  3. 3. The system of claim 1 wherein the second end of said bolt is configured to receive a driving tool for driving the bolt into a vertebra.
  4. 4. The system of claim 3 wherein the second end includes an internal hex configured to receive the driving tool.
  5. 5. The system of claim 3 wherein the second end includes an internal hex configured to receive the driving tool.
  6. 6. the system of claim 1 wherein said thru-hole includes a recess defined in the upper surface of said connector and said fastener is sized to be received in a recess without extending above the upper surface.
  7. 7. The system of claim 6 wherein said recess is concave and said fastener includes an arcuate underside, said recess configured to accept said fastener.
  8. 8. The system of claim 2 further comprising a locking mechanism configured to prevent the bolt from rotating relative to said connector and the vertebra when the threaded nut is being threaded onto said post.
  9. 9. The system of claim 8 wherein said locking mechanism includes:
    an annular ring defined on the lower surface of said connector and concentrically disposed around the thru-hole, said annular ring defining a number of radial splines; and a mating face affixed to said flange and concentrically disposed around said post of said bolt, said mating face defining a number of opposing radial splines for interdigitating engagement with the radial splines on said lower surface of said connector.
  10. 10. The system of claim 9 wherein the annular ring is integrally formed on the lower surface of said connector.
  11. 11. The system of claim 9 wherein the annular ring is a washer affixed to the lower surface of said connector.
  12. 12. The system- of claim 1 wherein the clamping surfaces are defined by a number of scallops formed in said slot, said scallops shaped to receive and engage said members therein, said scallops surrounding and claimping a portion of said members after the nut has been tightened on the post of the bolt.
  13. 13. A spinal fixation system comprising;
    two parallel rods, each having a first end and a second end;
    a fixed rod connector having a lower surface and an upper surface and defining a thru-hole, said fixed rod connector fixed to the first end of both of said rods;
    a dynamic rod connector having a lower surface and an upper surface and defining a thru-hole, said dynamic rod connector slidably engaged to each of said rods;
    a number of spikes fixedly projecting from said lower surface of each of said connectors, said spikes configured to engage a vertebra;
    one bolt for each connector, each said bolt having a vertebra engaging portion on a first end and a threaded post on a second end, said post insertable through said thru-holes of said connectors;
    an integral flange between said vertebra engaging portion and said post for supporting said connector; and a threaded nut for each of said bolts, said nut engageable to a bolt to secure a connector to a bolt.
  14. 14. The system of claim 13 wherein the second end of said bolt is configured to receive a driving tool for driving the bolt into a vertebra.
  15. 15. The system of claim 13 wherein the second end includes an external hex configured to receive a driving tool.
  16. 16. The system of claim 13 wherein the second end includes an internal hex configured to receive a driving tool.
  17. 17. The system of claim 13 wherein each said thru-hole includes recesses defined in the upper surface of said connector and said nut is sized to be received in a recess without extending above the upper surface.
  18. 18. The system of claim 17 wherein said recess is concave and said nut includes an arcuate underside, said recess configured to accept said nut.
  19. 19. The system of claim 13 further comprising a locking mechanism configured to prevent the bolt from rotating relative to said connector and the vertebra when the nut is being threaded onto said post.
  20. 20. The system of claim 19 wherein said locking mechanism includes :
    an annular ring defined on the lower surface of said connector and concentrically disposed around the thru-hole, said annular ring defining a number of radial splines; and a mating face affixed to said flange and concentrically disposed around said post of said bolt, said mating face defining a number of opposing radial splines for interdigitating engagement with the radial splines on said lower surface of said connector.
  21. 21. The system of claim 20 wherein the annular ring is integrally formed on the lower surface of said connector.
  22. 22. The system of claim 10 wherein the annular ring is a washer affixed to the lower surface of said connector.
  23. 23. The system of claim 13 wherein the clamping surfaces are defined by a number of scallops formed in said slot, said scallops shaped to receive and engage said members therein, said scallops surrounding and claimping a portion of said members after the nut has been tightened on the post of the bolt.
  24. 24. A transverse fixator assembly for spanning between a pair of longitudinal members situated adjacent a patient's vertebrae, comprising:
    a number of connectors each having a lower bone engagement surface and an upper surface, each of said connectors configured to span a distance between said members and engageable to said members, each of said connectors defining a thru-hole for engaging a bone bolt;
    and a number of spikes projecting from said lower surface of each said connector, said spikes configured to engage a vertebra;
    a bone bolt for each of said connectors, said bone bolt including, a vertebra engaging portion on a first end, a threaded post on a second end, said post insertable through said thru-hole of said connector, and an integral flange between said vertebra engaging portion and said post for supporting said connector;
    a threaded nut for each of said bolts, said nut engageable to a bolt to secure a connector to a bolt; and a locking mechanism configured to prevent the bolt from rotating relative to said connector and the vertebra when the threaded nut is being threaded onto said post.
  25. 25. The assembly of claim 24 wherein each of said thru-holes includes recesses defined in the upper surface of said connector and said nuts are sized to be received in a recess without extending above the upper surface.
  26. 26. The assembly of claim 24 wherein said locking mechanism includes:

    an annular ring defined on the lower surface of said connector and concentrically disposed around the thru-hole, said annular ring including a number of radial splines;

    a mating face affixed to said flange and concentrically disposed around said post of said bolt, said mating face having a number of opposing radial splines for interdigitating engagement with the radial splines on said lower surface of said connector.
  27. 27. The assembly of claim 26 wherein the annular ring is integrally formed on the lower surface of said connector.
  28. 28. The assembly of claim 26 wherein the annular ring is a washer affixed to the lower surface of said connector.
  29. 29. Use of a fixation system for fixation of a spine, said system comprising:

    two longitudinal members;

    a fixed rod connector attached to a first end of each of said members, said fixed rod connector defining a first thru-hole;

    a dynamic rod connector slidably engaged to said members, said dynamic rod connector defining a second thru-hole;

    said first thru-hole capable of engaging a first threaded bone bolt adapted to engage a first hole drilled in a first vertebral body;

    said dynamic rod connector capable of being situated so that the second thru-hole is capable of engaging a second bone bolt adapted to engage a second hole drilled in a second vertebral body while the first thru-hole engages the first threaded bone bolt;

    said dynamic rod connector being further capable of being slid along the longitudinal members while the first thru-hole engages the first bone bolt and the dynamic rod connector engages the second bone bolt, to vary the distance between the vertebrae; and each of said bone bolts being capable of being engaged by a threaded nut to secure the fixation system to the vertebrae.
  30. 30. The use of claim 29, wherein the dynamic rod connector is capable of being slid along the longitudinal members in a direction towards the fixed connector to provide compression.
  31. 31. The use of claim 29, wherein the dynamic rod connector is capable of being slid along the longitudinal members in a direction away from the fixed connector to provide distraction.
CA002167990A 1995-01-25 1996-01-24 Anterior screw-rod connector Expired - Fee Related CA2167990C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/377,658 US5620443A (en) 1995-01-25 1995-01-25 Anterior screw-rod connector
US08/377,658 1995-01-25

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CA2167990A1 CA2167990A1 (en) 1996-07-26
CA2167990C true CA2167990C (en) 2007-09-11

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US (6) US5620443A (en)
EP (1) EP0726064B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4540757B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE247931T1 (en)
AU (1) AU4204896A (en)
CA (1) CA2167990C (en)
DE (1) DE69629605T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2206542T3 (en)

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JP4540757B2 (en) 2010-09-08
AU4204896A (en) 1996-08-01
US6254603B1 (en) 2001-07-03
ATE247931T1 (en) 2003-09-15
US6602254B2 (en) 2003-08-05
US5620443A (en) 1997-04-15
US6471704B2 (en) 2002-10-29
US6083224A (en) 2000-07-04
DE69629605D1 (en) 2003-10-02
EP0726064A3 (en) 1998-10-28
US20010010000A1 (en) 2001-07-26
EP0726064A2 (en) 1996-08-14
CA2167990A1 (en) 1996-07-26
US6066140A (en) 2000-05-23
EP0726064B1 (en) 2003-08-27
JPH08229052A (en) 1996-09-10
ES2206542T3 (en) 2004-05-16
US20020193795A1 (en) 2002-12-19
DE69629605T2 (en) 2004-06-17

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