CA2189861C - Method and apparatus for allocating communication resources to support priority communications in a communication system - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for allocating communication resources to support priority communications in a communication system Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2189861C
CA2189861C CA002189861A CA2189861A CA2189861C CA 2189861 C CA2189861 C CA 2189861C CA 002189861 A CA002189861 A CA 002189861A CA 2189861 A CA2189861 A CA 2189861A CA 2189861 C CA2189861 C CA 2189861C
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Prior art keywords
communication
reserved
priority
resource
base site
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CA002189861A
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French (fr)
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CA2189861A1 (en
Inventor
Louis H. Linneweh, Jr.
Matthew A. Houghton
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Motorola Solutions Inc
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Motorola Inc
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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14Relay systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/03Protecting confidentiality, e.g. by encryption
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/24Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
    • H04B7/26Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00Local resource management
    • H04W72/50Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/56Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/26Resource reservation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/90Services for handling of emergency or hazardous situations, e.g. earthquake and tsunami warning systems [ETWS]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00Local resource management
    • H04W72/50Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/56Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria
    • H04W72/563Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria of the wireless resources
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00Connection management
    • H04W76/50Connection management for emergency connections

Abstract

A communication system (100) employs a method (300) and apparatus (118) for allocating communication resources (e.g., 127-128) to support priority communications by communication units (112, 114-116) in the communication system (100). The communication system includes infrastructure equipment that allocates the communication resources to the communication units (112, 114-116).When the infrastructure equipment automatically determines (303) that a communication unit (e.g., 112) desires to initiate a priority call, the infrastructure equipment reserves (307) a communication resource (127) for the communication unit (112) at a base site (101) of the infrastructure equipment serving the communication unit (112). The serving base site (101) then allocates (309) the reserved communication resource (127) to the communication unit (112) upon the communication unit's initiation of the priority call.

Description

WO 96/31015 ~.,111 .

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ALLOCATING

COMMUNICATIONS IN A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Field of the Invention Tbe present invention relates generally to c~ ;o systems and, in particular, to a method and apparatus for ~III{~c~inv co... ~ ;nn resources to support priority c~.. ,.. ~-.'- ~in,l5 by c... ""~ ;nl~ units in a c~ system.

Background of the Invention Cl systems are known to comprise infrastructure CC.lui~ arld B plurality of c~ - units. The 2 0 i~r~uuclulc 2~l ;r.... -~l typically includes a plurality of base sites and at least one base site controller (BSC) controlling one or more of the base sites. One such .-~ .. - -. ~;on system is a cellular c~. on system. During the operation of a typical cellular C.~ .. ,'- A~ system, cn........ ~ unit users attempt to place a 2 5 variety of calls. Some of the calls are ~ ,c"cy in nature and are referred to as priority calls. Priority calls are given priority over standard calls when ~ - resources, or channels, are allocated from the base sites during system operation. There are currently two methods for pllor~in~ co..----~ n resources to 3 0 support priority calls in cellular comml~nicPtinn systems. The firs method is queuing and the second method is channel reservation.
With queuing, CGI~ ;on units placing priority calls are placed in a queue by the BSC based on their priority and remain in 3 5 the queue until ~ ;on resources be~ome available to support ~s - --W0 96~1015 2 1 8 9 8 6 1 F~
theircalls. When a resource becomes available, the BSC instructs the base site serving a selected, queued cu~
unit to call the selected c on unit back arld i,,,,,,P.1; -1-1y allocate the available . l~n resource to the ~ ~ ^A~ n S unit. The primary a~lv_ ~, of using queuing to allocate channels for priority calls is that queuing is spectrally efficient because it prevents coll .~ ;rln resources from remaining idle while waiting for ~ iVUDly denied priority calls to be re-initiated.
However, queuing provides an inherent delay ~Ccor~ ' with waiting 10 for an available channel and does not provide any means for ---r "" ~ the availability of channels to support the queued priority calls. Further, queuing requires the user of the c~mmlmir~ n unit to be familiar with the call-back process.
With channel reservation, one or more channels are reserved at the BSC for use by those users placing priority calls only and are.
therefore, unavailable to all non-priority callers. Thus, channel ,.D~.vdtiv~ allows priority callers virtually ;"",,p~l ~t. access to the cellular system. However, channel I~D~lYd~ivll irlherently reduces the 2 0 efficiency and capacity of the system when invoked.
There are currently two d~lud~ ,S for , ' 3 channel IV~I~iUI~ in cellular comn ~-;r~ion systems. The first approach is c--ntim~ C channel ~,D.,I~.liV-- and the second approach is 2 5 i,~ -1 or as-needed, channel l~,D~ dlivl.. In cr~n~jn~o~S
channel reservation, a system operator maintains a pre~lP~P minPd number of reserved channels at all times for priority use only. This approach provides the least efficient use of resources by permanently reducing the number of channels available to non-priority callers. In 3 0 i..~ .",;ll, ..1 channel reservation, a user or group of users (e.g., a fire d~,~t----,..;) ~n~irir~in~ the need to place priority calls contacts the cellular system operator and requests the operator to activate channel reservation of a particular number of channels throughout the system or in a particular area of the system. The operator then invokes 3 5 channel reservation for the requester. Upon completion of the ~ W09C13~015 2 1 8 9 8 6 ~
-priority calls, the user must then contact the system operator again to request de-activation of channel reservation. Thus, ;.~t~ .,..;1~,,, channel reservation is more efficient than p~" reservation;
however, it requires ~ or~ e human ~ iU. to be activated - 5 and de-activated.
Therefore, a need exists for a rnethod and apparatus for ~llocq~in~ r.~".. -~ir ~ resources to support priority calls in a L~ qtinn system that provides for channel reservation on an 1 û as-needed basis, that 1;",;,- ~ ~ human illt~ llLiûl~ in the channel e.,~ ,aLiull process, and that expedites the availability of c~ ,- resources to reduce the delay ~û~: t--d with queued priority calls.
Brief Description of the Drawings FIG. 1 illustrates a cu~ .I;nn system in a.,c~,-la-~cc- with the invention.
2 0 FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of a base site cûntroller in LlallLc with the present invention.
FIG. 3 illustrates a logic flow diagram of steps executed by a base site controller and a base site in a~,-,u"la.~ce with a preferred 2 ~i r-mh~limr~nt of the present invention.
Description of a Preferred Ell~ dil..~.lt 3 0 The present invention ~ .. r.,.,.l.ac~. c a method ând apparatus for allocating comm~lnirqtinn resources tû support priority c.""", .,; ~lirJncby~ " -~ ,..unitsina. nn system.
The cc,..~ ;on system includes i~rl~.~UUL~UI~ e~ that allocates the c- - resources to the cu..,,. ~..;~ ,.I;t~n units.
3 5 When the illrlaDLlU~LUlc e~ lltrmqtirqlly ~1etPnnin~s that a ~ W0 96/31015 2 t 8 9 8 6 1 r~ ^7 nn unit desires to initiate a priority call, the i..r....,llu~ e~ reserves a . - resource for the unit at a base site of the il~ U~
serving the cnmrn~ ^A~ir~ unit. The serving base site then allocates 5 the reserved c~ Alion resource to the ~ on unit upon the cv.. ~ orl unit's initiation of the priority call. By AllocAtin~ ion resources to support priority calls in this manner, the present invention proYides nn resource, or channel, I~.SG. V_liOII for the priority caUs on an as-needed basis, l 0 without requiring individuals or groups of individuals (e.g., ~,~"~ ,y service personnel) lO request a system operator to activate charmel l~ .V~liUII prior to the placing of priority calls. In addition, the present invention's ~ t~ ic~rl of a priority call ~limin t~c the need fo{ the system operator to maintain 15 dedicated channels for priority calls, thereby p~rmittin~ the system operator to more efficiently use an assigned frequency spectrum.
The present invention can be more fully understood with reference to FIGs. 1-3. FIG. I illustrates a comm~lrlirAtion system 2 0 . lO0 in accul~lc~ with the present invention. The cnmm~lnirAtinn system lO0 includes infrastructure e~ and a plurality of comml~nirA~inn units l 12, l 14-116. The illrla~ u~lul~ e~ "
includes a plurality of base sites lOI-lO5 serving a plurality of ~.UII ~ service coverage areas 107-l l l and a base site 25 controller(BSC) 118. Inapreferred~ .o~ the commllnirAtion system lO0 comrrices an analog or digital cellular ...... "---,;.-,.tion system, such as the Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS) system, the Narrowband AMPS system (NAMPS), the Total Access C~ A~;nn~ System (TACS), the Global System for 3 0 Mobile Cnmmlmir~ti~mc (GSM), the Personal C~ ion System (PCS). the Personal Di~ital Cellular (PDC) system, the IJnited States Digital Cellular (USDC) system described in Electronic T~thlctriPs AceoriAtinn~ .,;rP~i~mc Industry Acco~iAtion Interim Standard 54 (EIA/TIA IS-54), or the code division multiple 3 5 access (CDMA~ system described in EIA/TIA IS-95. However, in an ~rB

WO g6131015 2 ~ 8 9 8 6 1 r s alternate .,.llbodilll.,.lL, the nn system 100 might comprise a trunked two-way: system with telephone il~t~,Cvlu~ ,L capability.
s The c~ i units 112, 114-116 preferably comprise mobile or portable la~iot~l~r' As shown, c~ ion unit 112 C~ , a mobile " 1~, ' ; whereas, ~n~ nic~tion units 114-116 comprise a group of portable, ~ f ~., pl Vi~ C
However, in an alternate P...l~o-l;,.. .,l in which the comm~nir~tion 10 system 100 c~ C a wireless local loop PCS, the c~ io~
units 112, 114-116 might comprise fixed ~- '.c ;l.. . stations located within residential houses. A preferred l .. ho.l;.. ~1 of the BSC 118 is described below with reference to FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 1, the BSC 118 is preferably coupled to a switching center 120 to 1 5 provide the c~ - units 112, 114-116 access to the public switched t~ ol~ network (PSTN, 122). In a preferred ..,I.o.1;...- -.l the BSC 118 resides external to the base sites 101-105 and controls multiple base sites (e.g., 101, 102, 105). However, in an alternate elllbodilll~,.lL, a BSC 118 might reside at one or rnore of 2 o the base sites 101-105 and correspondingly control one or more of the base sites 101-105 ~ on a particular system al~llit~,Lul~.
Operation of the ---- -- -- ~'irJn system 100 in a~,~o,d~llce with the present invention occurs as follows. When a comm~nir~ion 2s unit 112 desires to initiate a priority call, the cv..-- ~ unit 112 transmits a system access request 124 to the base site 101 within whose service coverage area 107 the ~ tinn unit 112 currently resides. The base site 101 transfers the system access request 124 to the BSC 118 via link 130. Likewise, when the other 3 0 base sites 102-105 receive system access requests, the base sites 10~-105 forward the requests to the BSC 11~ via associated links (e.t..
132, 134). The BSC then r~lly (1. t.,,~l.;l.~C whether the system access request 124 is a request to initiate a priority call. For example, the c~ inn unit 112 might desire to place an 3 5 ~"llc~ y call, such as a 911 call, a call to a poison control center, WO96/31015 2 1 8 9 8 61 r~ 03 or an e...~ call ~o a fire or police d~ . The BS(: 118 makes this ~I- t~ ll by preferably ~ the dialed digits ~ - ~ in the system access request 124. For example, the dialed digits may include an I l~hl;~l-rd priority ~ ;o-- phone number 5 (e.g., 911) or a ~.e-l~ r- . Ill;l.F(~ feature code entered by the c~ unit's user prior to i c~ion of the system access request 126 tbat identifies the call as a priority call.
When the BSC 118 ~ f~ that the ~U~ ;on unit I 0 112 desires to initiate a priority call, the BSC 118 preferably enters an u~ state in which the BSC 118 reserves one or more nn resources at the base site 101 to maintdin a pool of reserved con~llnirqfirn resources to support the priority call of the cullllll ~ ~;ul~ unit 112 and any other priority calls. In a preferred I 'i embodiment, the pool of reserved c~ A~ resources is ""~ by reserving one or more cnmmllnir~tion resources either i.. ~Ii 'y or as they become available. In addition, the BSC
118 might reserve -c ^-~ti,m resources at alternate base sites (e.g., 102-105~ in Antirir~fi~ln of, for example, the commllnir~ion unit 112 moving before its next attempt to access the L.. ".. "i.~ir,n system 100 or in ~nfirirAtion of a handoffof the culll~ ll: ";on unit 112 to one of the other base sites 102-105. Thus, in dC~ ' with the preferred . '~ " t, the BSC 118 reserves c~,......... l~.,~i. At;on resources as they become available at at least the serving base site 2~ 101 in ù-~ d~ of the c~-- - - ;- ~;1~- unit's initiation of the priority call. Depending on the particular type of c~-mmllnic~ion system 100, the comm~lnirAtion resources might comprise uplink (communication unit-to-base site) and downlink (base site-to-co."",~ ;on unit) frequency pairs~ as in a frequency division 3 0 multiple access (FDMA) system such as AMPS, combined uplink and downlink ri~.lu~ ,y/time slot pairs, as in a time division multiple access (TDMA) system such as CiSM, or pseudo-noise codes, as in a CDMA system such as IS-95.

~ WO96131015 21 8986 I r~"~ ~

The BSC 118 then ascertains whether a cv~ Jf ;on resource is available at the base site 101 to support the priority call upon its initiation. If a comm~nir~fi-n resource is available when the BSC 118 receives the system access request 124, the BSC 118 5 instructs the base site 101 to allocate the cl-""""~ . resource 127 to the: r- ~ir,n unit 112 in ~cculd.u.~e with well-kno~n call set-up t` ` l -`h~ .C However, if a c..,..,..~ l;r~l~ resource is rlot presently available, the BSC 118 instructs the base site lOI to transmit a signa] to the ~-""--~ ;n~ unit 112 (e.g., an ordler for l O the cr~mml~nir~tiorl unit 112 to provide a fast busy to the user) i ~fullllil.g the ~ ~ unit 112 that no comm-~nir~tion resources are presently available at the base site 101. Upon the ........... ;. ~t;.. unit's, -~ initiation of a priority call, the serving base site 101 allocates a reserved c~".~.. ;r-l;on resource 15 127, provided a on resource has been reserved, to the c~.".~ ,. unit 112 to support the priority call. In addition, since the BSC 118 is in a reservation state, the BSC 118 proceeds to reserve at least another comm~lnic~io-n resource at the serving base site 101 as it becomes available to replace the reserved 2 0 commllnir~ti~n resource 127 previously allocated. For example, while in the reservation state, the BSC 118 might reserve one c ~n resource upon ~ that the rr,mmllnir~tion unit 112 desires to initiate a 911 call. Therefore, once the base site 101 allocates the reserved c, on resource 127 to the 2 5 cul~ ;nn unit 112, the BSC 118 preferably reserves another c~ ;on resource, when available, to maintain at least one reserved colnmllnir~tion resource at the serving base site 101 in anticipation of another priority call (e.g., a return cal~ to the cnrnmllnir~rinn unit 112). In an altemate clllbOdill..,.lt, the BSC 118~
3 0 instead of reserving another cu ~ r,n resource after allocation of the reserved C~ A~ resûurce 127, might retain commllnir~ti~n resource 127 as the reserved c~ ion resource once it becomes available (i.e., after t~ of the priority call presently supported by culll~ ;on resource 127).

~ W0 96/31015 2 ~ 8 9 8 6 1 ~ 3 During the c~ unit's priority call the serving base site 101 monitors signal quality of the priority call and forwards the signal quality inforn~qti~n to the BSC 118. When the signal quality degrades below a desired tl~ the BSC informs target base sites (e.g., 102-105) of the potential for a handoff of the priority call and, if it has not done so already, instructs the target base sites 10~-105 to reserve at least one, r----- ~ resource to support the priority call. When the BSC 118 ~ that the handoff is required, the BSC 118 instructs the selected target base site (e.g., 102) to allocate a I O reserved c~ lrl resource to the - ~n unit 11 2 to execute the handoff of the priority call frorn the serving base site 101 to the target base site 102. Once the target base site 102 begirls ollillg the c~ irqti~rl unit's priority call, the BSC 118 enters an opPr~qti~ ~' state, similar to that described above with 1 5 regard to the serving base site 101, in which the BSC 118 cQntin~ Cly reserves one or more c~ t~ resources as they become available at the target base site 102.
While the cl ~n unit 112 is being supported by the 2 o serving base site 101, the BSC 118 remains in the operational state of reserving ~ resources at the serving base site 101.
However, when the c~-""" ~ l, unit's priority call r~-.";"-, 5 at the serving site 101 (e.g., due to call terrnination or handoff), the BSC 118 ~ whether a ~ priority call is expected at 2 5 the serving base site 101. In a preferred eTnho~lim~nt this .r. .",;",.lion is ac~ by ,1~ t- .".,.-;~.o the length of tirne elapsed from the rl " ;"~;011 of the c~--- ",-~ tl unit's priority call at the serving base site 101 until a threshold time (e.g., 15 rninutes). When the length of time from the t~rminqtion of the 3 0 comm~ni~ vqtitm unit's priority call exceeds the threshold time, the BSC 118 exits the reservation state with regard to the serving base site 101 and returns any reserved cornml~nirqtion resources at the serving base site 101 to the pool of common c~.",.".l"il "li~m resources available to all the comm~nirqtion units (e.g., 112, 114-116).

WO 96131015 2 1 8 9 8 6 1 r ~

Whenagroupofc~ ;.. units 11~116desireto initiate a pluri~lity of priority calls, at least one (e.g.t 115) of the c- ~n units 114-116 transmits a system access request 126 to the base site 101 within whose service coverage area 107 the c~ ;(m units 11~116 currently reside. The base site 101 transfers the system access request 126 to the BSC 118 via link 130.
The BSC 118 then ,~ ;rAlly ~l- t~ whether the system access request 126 is a request to initiate a group of priority calls. In 1 0 a preferred L.l.l O-l;lll. l, the BSC 118 d ~ .,," ~ that a group of priority calls are r~n~ llPillg by receiving a l l-,d.,ttl-llil,.,d feature code (i.e., a particular set of dialed digits) within the system access request 126. In an altemate ~,.llI.~di..l~ , the BSC 118 might examine an i-l. t;r,, .-~;nl~ number of the: on unit 115 to 5 A` t~ if the iA~ ;r- -~;on number c~ ullds to one of a group of iAPn~ifi~ ion numbers that are allowed priority access to ~he system 100.
When the BSC 118 d~ t ...;,~s that the group of 2 0 cnmmlmi~ l~ion units 114-116 desire to initiate priority calls. the BSC
118 enters an operational state, similar to that described above, in which the BSC 118 reserves one or more ~ "~--,ll, o~iOn resources at the base site 101 as they become available to maintain a pool of reserved c~",.",~ inn resources to support priority calls placed b~
2 5 the group of ~<,.."" -- i~ -~;nn units 114-116. Upon the initiation of a priority call--which may be either ~im~ us with or s~l~sP~lllPnt to the system access request 126--by one (e.g., 115) of the ~roup of co",...~ on units 114-116, the serving base site 101 allocates a reserved commllnir~ion resource 128 to the c-- -- -.~ ;on unit 11 3 0 to support the priority call. In addition, since the BSC 118 is in a reservation state, the BSC 118 proceeds to reserve at least ar~other cnmm-lni~ti-~n resource at the serving base site 101 as it becomes available to maintain a p.~ ..;"~d number of reserved commllnir~inn resources at the serving base site 101 to support the 3 5 group's priority calls. For example, when a group of three -~ WOg6/3101~ 2189861 c. units 114-116, as shown in FIG. 1, desires to place priority calls, the BSC 118 might maintain three crJmm~lnir~ti--n }esources available at the serving base site 101 for the: rir~r~, priority calls.

While the group of ~ units 114-116 are being supported by the serving base site 101, the BSC 118 remains in the op~ion~l state of reserving ~ ";~ ~;r,n resources at the serving base site 101. However, when the last priority call placed by the I O group of C~ units 114-116 l - the BSC 118 rl. t. . ~ . c whether a, ~ 3~ priority call from the group is expected at the serving base site 101. In this case, the d ~ ...;,. ~;on is ~"~,",~ i by fl - , the length of time elapsed from the 1... ",;,-~l;o~ of the last priority call until a threshold time. When the 1 5 length of time from the ~ ;- -" of the last priority call exceeds the threshold time, the BSC 118 exits the reservation state with regard to the serving base site 101 arld returns any reserved commllnir:~ion resources at the serving base site 101 to the pool of common .... .~....:..-~;-m resources available to all other 2 0 cc~mm~-nir~ n units.
As described above, the present invention provides a technique for A ' ~ ,, channel ~ ValiO-~ for priority calls on an as-needed basis, without requiring human intervention as in the prior 2 5 art. The present invention ,..l~ lly .1. r- . 1ll;~ . when a priority call is placed; whereas, prior art a~ ua~ll.,s, such as continl~r~uc channel l~i~l vdtiull actiYated by the system operator ât system start-up or il-t. .1-. ;~. ~l1 channel reservation activated by the system operator in response to a request by a system user, require human 3 0 intervention by the system operator and the channel reservation user (e.g., via a separate phone call to the system operator). In addition, the present invention provides for ~ om~ir de-activation of channe~
reservation when another priority call is not expected. By contrast, as with prior art activation of channel l-,~cl v~tiol~, prior art de-3 5 activation of channel reservation also requires human intervention.

~ W096/31015 21 898~ 43 FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagrarn of the BSC 118 of FlfG. I in acc.,ld~ct with a preferred ~ -ho.~ of the present invention.
The BSC 118 includes, inter alia, a l,lv~f,~ g device 201, a reserved 5 resource database 203, a control circuit 205, and a timing circuit 207. The ~ ce~ g device 201~ f~ bly ~ , a mi, ,v~loccs~ and the reserved resource database 203 preferably cu...~,-ir,~s a random access memory (RAM). The control circuit 205 is preferably i."~ --- "t- d as a software ~l~nrithm However, in the 10 alternative, the control circuit 205 may comprise digital logic circuitry. In the preferred ~...ho.l;"....,l the timing circuit 207 is ,ol..t~,~ in the ~.l.,ce;,~i..g device 201, although the timing circuit 207 might all~ ly be , ' ~ as a separate, known general purpose timer.

When the BSC 118 receives a system access request (e.g., via link 130, 132, or 134) from a base site, the request is analy~ed by the processing device 201 to l~ t, ~ whether the request is for a priority call. The analysis ~ rc,..-l~d by the processing device 201 2 0 preferably ~,r~ s either comp~-in~ a df ctin itifln phone number contained in the request to a list of so-called clll~ y phone numbers or cc~ a feature code contained in the request to a list of feature codes a -r ' ' ' with priority call users. Thus, in the preferred ~ o.l;l". ,l, the plVCcs~ g device 201 serves as a means 25 for ~llOn~tir~lly df t- 1ll;ll;--~ that a ~-J..",-.~ lir)n unit desires to initiate a priority call.
When the l,l.cessi..g device 201 d~tf. ~ninf~s that a commllnir~tiorl unit desires to place a priority call, the ~ ssil-g 3 0 device 201 instructs the reserved resource database 203 to reserve a . t~ . ",il,rd number of cf)mmllnic~tion resources to support future priority calls at the base site serving the ~-..."--,.i, ,.l;r~n unit. The reserved resource database 203 removes the ~ t~ number of c~ iQn resources, as they become available, from the pool 3 5 of common resources available to all c~ ion units and places ~ WO 96/31015 2 1 8 9 8 6 1 the reserved resources in a reserved list for use only by those 'nn units that desire to initiate priority calls. Thus, in the preferred c~ )ol~ the reserved resource database 203 ~omrr~ s a means for reserving on resources at the base site to 5 support priority calls, including the priority call of the crlmmllnir~it n unit currently requesting system access.
Upon initiation of the priority call by the Cv~ lulliC~ILiOI~ unit, the control circuit 205 selects one of the reserved commllnir:lt;- n 10 resources from the reserved resource database 203 and instructs the serving base site, via the ..~ link 130, 132, 134, to allocate the selected, reserved: - o rl resource to the requesting - -- unit. Once the serving base site allocates the reserved ~ resource to the c~ mm~ irAtion unit, the 15 pluc~ g device 201 instructs the reserved resource database 203 to reserve arlother .c"""..,..;- Alion resource to replace the C~ n resource just allocated by the base site.
In the preferred ~ o~ e~ upon tPrmir~ion of the priority 2 0 call by the cu"""~ ;on unit, the serving base site informs the processing device 201 of the call l~,.lll;lldtiOII and the ~u~,eO~ g device 201 actuates the timing circuit 207. The timing circuit 207 .1. t~ . 1--;1~l-5 the length of time from the t~ of the priority call. When the length of time exceeds a 1~ t- - 111;11` d threshold 2 5 without the initiation of another priority call, the ~JIu~,cs~illg device 201 presumes that a ~ , priority call is not expected and instructs the reserved resource database 203 to return any reserved co""- . --: Al;~n resources to the general pool of common resources available to any requesting ~, . "~ n unit. However, if another 3 0 priority call is initiated before the timing circuit 207 reaches the pre~1~ tr~ d threshold, the l -u~,es~i-lg device 201 resets the timing circuit 207 and the above process continues until another priority call is not e~pected (i.e., the threshold time is exceeded).

~ WO96131015 21 89861 1~l FIG. 3 illustrates a logic flow diagram 300 of steps executed by a base site controller and a base site in accc!.l.u,.,e with a preferred ~ ho~ of the present invention. The logic flow begins (301) when the BSC ~ c (303) lly that a - 5 commllnir~inn unit desires to initiate a priority call. The . t. . ",;~, .l in^ is ~t( m~ir because, unlike prior art channel l~o~lv~tiOIll no human il-t~,.~.,lllio.. is required to inform the BSC of potential priority calls. As discussed above with regard to FIG. 1, the BSC preferably identifies either a ~"~d~ tl ~";l~d feature code or 10 a ~ l phone number contained in the ~ rd system access request to ~lictin~llicl- a call as a priority call. In an alternate embodiment, the BSC might ~l~t~rminP ~ ly that a c~ `ion unit desires to initiate a priority call by receiving a request to reserve a c~ - resource from another BSC
15 serving the c~ ;- t~;l'll unit in .c .l;~ lll. of a handoff.
When the BSC ~ '5 ~ y that a c~.. ,i. ~li,."
unit desires to place a priority call, the BSC ~ c (305) whether a c~ liu-. resource is available at the serving base 2 0 site. The BSC might check resource availability at base sites other than the . nn unit's serving base site when the BSC
~ntirip~t~S that the c~- ~m unit, or other cnmmllni~tinn units, might initiate priority calls from coverage areas of the other base sites. For example, the BSC could be ~IIU~ I -..../`d to check 2 5 resource availability at several base sites ~I,.,.,~,v~,l the BSC
l,ttllllill~s that an ~mhlll~nr~ driver has placed an e.-.~ ,...y call.
When the BSC ~l. ,t~ ~ lll;ll~c that a cullllllllll ~l ;,, ~ resource is not available at at least the serving base site, the BSC preferably continues (305) to monitor for available resources. However, in an 3 0 alternate embodiment, when a commllnir ~tiorl resource is not available, the BSC might place the cnmmllnir~tin~ unit in a priority queue for allocation of the next available cl mmllnir~tinn resource.
When the BSC ~ 5 that a c~.~...- -.i~, lion resource is 3 5 available at either the serving base site or the other checked base .

~ W096131015 2189861 sites. the BSC reserves (307) a . ^~it)rl resource for the ............ ,;. ~';~1 unit at the serving base site and any other base sites,as n~cc~ y. In the case where the BSC has ~' t ' ~ that a group of c units desire to initiate priority calls--for example, S due to the reception of a particular feature code at the BSC--the BSC
reserves multiple ~"~ - resources as they becorne available to support the plurality of ~ priority calls.
Once the BSC has reserved the ~( resource or 10 resources, as the pardcular situation dictates, the serving base site allocates (309) a reserved c~,,,l...l.,:. ~';ol) resource to the ~ unit upon inidation of the priority call. In additioD, the BSC reserves (309) an q~lflitinnql ~ n resource at the serving base site, when the adflititlnql resource is available, to replace 15 the allocated resource and thereby maintain at least one reserved resource for a ~ priority call. In cases where resources are available imm~.' 'y upon the BSC's ic,.. (303) that the .(,""" ~ I;on unit desires to place a priority call, the q~ ti~n of the cu",- ,-~ ;u., resource occurs 2 0 virtually ltqn~oll~ to the comm-~nir~inn resource reservation (307) by the BSC. Thus, in these cases, priority call ~ s~.~/a~ivi~/allocation is similar to obtaining an available resource, or channel, when placing a normal cellular phone call. However, in cases where resources are not initdally available, the 2 5 BSC l~,CC~ iL~,s (303) the c~mm--n:^qtiûn unit's desire to place a priority call and reserves (307) a c. cqri-~n resource in anticipation of the comml-ni~ q~ion unit's ~ u ~1 attempt to place the priûrity call. In the latter cases~ the serving base site allocates (307) the reserved cQmn~-nirqtion resource to the cornm--ni-~qti~-n 3 0 unit upon identifying its s~lhs~qllPnt attempt to place the priority call.
Once the serving base site has allocated the reserved c-)mmllnirq~ion resource to the cl,.",...,..;~ ". unit, the servi~g base site monitors (31 1) signal quality of the priority call receive~ from 3 5 the .~,....,,~1,, ~1;.-,, unit. When the signal quality d~gMdes below a .
-~ WO96131015 2 l 8986 l r~"~ -.

threshold, or when the signal quality begins d~ IaJiIIg at an c~ rate, the serving base site informs the BSC of the signal quality condidon and the BSC, if it has not done so already, reserves (313) at least one ~ n resource at a target base site in 5 ~ltirip~ion of the handoff of the priority call. As the signal quality degrades, the BSC ~ (315) whether a handoff of the priority call is necessary. A handoff is necessary, for exarnple, when the signal quality--as ~ " "f d via a received signal strength a~ ll or a bit error rate (BER) d~,t~llIlil~Liol~--degradles 10 below a threshold c~ g with a desired received speech quality.
In a typical cellular . system, such as GSM, the handoff threshold is a BER of a~ y 7%. In the preferred c..~boJi~ -L, when a handoff is not necessary, the BSC I l. .t~ .111; ..f 5 (323) whether another priority call is expected, as later described.
15 However, in an alternate ~hoJ;~ the BSC might reserve the ~,~J""""",r~lion resource or resources for a ~-~,d~,t-, -1 length of dme ât the target base site and, if the serving base site 1~ t. . I ~
that a handoff is not necessary, the BSC will return the reserved c- mmllnir~ion resources at the target base site to the pool of 2 0 common c~",.. ;r ~;on resources available to other c~",.. ,,.i~lion units being serviced by the target base site.
When the BSC J. ~, ,..;.., c that a handoff of the priority call is n~ ,a y, the BSC notifies (317) the target base site of the l-rcomin 2 5 handoff and the target base site allocates (319) a reserved commllnir ition resource to the ~-~.."",~ ;on unit. In addition, the BSC reserves (309) an ~ irjc-n~l comm~nir Iticrl resource at the target base site, when the o~-liti-~n~l resource is available, to replace the allocated resource and thereby maintain at least one reserved 3 0 resource for a s~ priority call. The BSC then directs the serving base site to handoff (321) the commllnic~tion unit from the reserved Gomml~nir~ion resource ât the serving base site to the reserved ~u".. ~ n resource at the target base site in accu,~à..~c with known handoff techniques.

~ WO96/31015 2189861 When the signal quality is not degrading, or when a handoff is either c~ or not necessary, the BSC ~l- ' ...;..f~ (323) whether a ~ priority call is expected. In the preferred ~--bo~
the BSC ~ whether another priority call is expected by 5 d~ a length of time from a r ' of the priority call, or a f-~nnin^~i~n of any ongoing priority calls when multiple .u.. ~ -, units are placing priority calls. When the length of time exceeds a threshold (e.g., 15 minutes) without the initiation of another priority call, the BSC d-- ~ (323) that another priority 10 call is not expected. However, if another priority call occurs within the threshold time, a ,.~1,3~.1 .. '1 priority call is expected arld ~he logic flow resumes at r'l~c~ir,n block 309. In an alternate ~,..bodi,l.~,.ll, the BSC might ~ whether a ~ 5~ priority call is expected by ~ a length of time from an initiation of 15 the last priority call. In this ~ " t, when another priority call has not been initiated prior to the length of time ~Yree~line a threshold, the BSC ~ that a .~ .1 priority call is not expected. In yet another embodiment, the BSC might ~l~tPnnin~
whether a ~ priority call is expected by ~L~1 ;;.............. v 2 0 whether another priority call is initiated within a ylL 1~ 1.. l~d time from the initiation of the first priority call. In still a further , ...kc-l----- .-l, the BSC might rl~tPnmin~o whether a ~ 5~; .lt priority call is expected by l~t ~ whether another priority call is initiated within a 1"~ .]~ t ~ tl time from the ~J~ t~ ...;..~ti-~n (303) 2 5 of the crJmmllnir~tion unit's desire to initiate the first priority call.
When a ~ .1 priority call is not expected, the BSC
returns (325) any reserved cull~ ir~rl resources to the pool of common commllnir~ n resources available to all commlmir~tion 3 0 units and the logic flow ends (327).
The present invention ~.lcol-~y~ s a method and appa~atus for allocating commllnir~tir~n resources to support priority commllni~ationC by c~,.. - . ,~linn units in a cr,mn~l-nir~rion system.
3 5 With this inYention, channel reserYation and queuing can be - W06131015 218986~ 03 --, ' c' in a ~..,.""~ ;on system to support priority calls without the need for hurnan illl,,. ~,lltiUll or contin-lollC chan~el reservation. The present invention provides for efficient use of a system's assigned r.~ 1 .Y spectrum by allowing channel S ~ ,.va~ to occur on an ~ nc~ basis, but without the need for a separate call to the system operator c~ the activation of channel .~ lvdti-,n. In addition, the present inven~ion provides ~Yrloflit~d channel availability to ~ nn units in systems that utilize queuing by ~llo~tin~ reserved resources to those 10 .vl. ~ in~ units that might otherwise be queued, and requiring commllnir~rin~ units to be queued only if no channels are reserved.
While the present invention has been p~ - ly shown and described with reference to particular ~ o~ thereof, it will - 15 be llnti~r.ctnod by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Wh--we clai~ is:

Claims (18)

THE EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. In a communication system that includes a plurality of basesites and a plurality of mobile communication units, a method for allocating a common communication resource of a plurality of common communication resources, the plurality of common communication resources available to the plurality of mobile communication units, to support a priority private voice communication by a mobile communication unit, the method comprising the steps of:
a) automatically determining that a first mobile communication unit desires to initiate a first priority private voice communication;
b) in response to the determination, reserving a first common communication resource of the plurality of common communication resources at a first base site to produce a first reserved communication resource;
c) allocating the first reserved communication resource to the first mobile communication unit upon initiation of the first priority private voice communication;
d) upon termination of the first priority private voice communication, continuing to reserve the first common communication resource at the first base site for a predetermined period of time, the predetermined period of time sufficient for the first reserved communication resource to be allocated, via a channel assignment operation, to a second mobile communication unit upon determining that the second mobile communication unit desires to initiate a second priority private voice communication; and e) after the predetermined period of time, returning the first reserved communication resource to the plurality of common communication resources available to the plurality of mobile communication units.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
d) determining whether a subsequent priority call is expected; and e) returning, when a subsequent priority call is not expected, any reserved communication resources to the plurality of common communication resources at the first base site, such that any previously reserved communication resources are available to the plurality of communication units.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein step (d) comprises the steps of:
d1) determining a length of time from a last priority call initiation; and d2) determining that a subsequent priority call is not expected when the length of time exceeds a threshold.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein step (d) comprises the steps of:
d1) determining a length of time from a termination of ongoing priority calls;
and d2) determining that a subsequent priority call is not expected when the length of time exceeds a threshold.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein step (a) further comprises the step of, upon determining that the communication unit desires to initiate the priority call, entering an operational state within which at least one common communication resource is reserved in anticipation of at least the priority call.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein step (a) comprises the step of determining that the communication unit desires to initiate an emergency call.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein step (b) comprises the steps of:
b1) determining whether a common communication resource is available at the first base site; and b2) reserving the common communication resource for the communication unit when the common communication resource is available to produce the first reserved communication resource.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein step (b1) further comprises the step of placing the communication unit in a priority queue for allocation of a next available common communication resource when a common communication resource is not available at the first base site.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein step (a) comprises the step of determining that a group of communication units desire to initiate a plurality of priority calls.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein step (a) comprises the step of determining that the group of communication units desire to initiate the plurality of priority calls based on receipt of a predetermined code transmitted by at least one communication unit of the group.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein step (b) comprises the step of reserving at least two of the plurality of common communication resources for the group of communication units to produce a plurality of reserved communication resources.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein step (b) further comprises the step of:
b1) reserving a second common communication resource for the communication unit at a second base site of the infrastructure equipment to produce a second reserved communication resource.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein step (b1) comprises the steps of:
b1a) reserving the second common communication resource at the second base site for a predetermined length of time to produce the second reserved communication resource; and b1b) returning the second reserved communication resource to the plurality of common communication resources at the second base site upon expiration of the predetermined length of time, such that the second reserved communication resource is available to the plurality of communication units.
14. The method of claim 12, wherein step (c) further comprises the step of allocating the second reserved communication resource to the communication unit.
15. The method of claim 12, wherein step (c) further comprises the steps of:
c1) determining that a handoff of the priority call is required;
c2) notifying the second base site of the handoff;
c3) allocating the second reserved communication resource to the communication unit; and c4) handing off the priority call from the first reserved communication resource at the first base site to the second reserved communication resource at the second base site.
16. In a communication system that includes infrastructure equipment and a plurality of communication units, a method for the infrastructure equipment to allocate at least some of a plurality of common communication resources to support priority private voice communications by at least some of the plurality of communication units, the method comprising the steps of:
a) receiving a predetermined code transmitted by a first communication unit of a group of communication units that desire to initiate a plurality of priority private voice calls;
b) reserving a predetermined number of the plurality of common communication resources at a first base site of the infrastructure equipment to produce a plurality of reserved communication resources;
c) allocating a reserved communication resource of the plurality of reserved communication resources to a first communication unit of the group of communication units upon initiation of a first priority private voice call of the plurality of priority private voice calls;
d) upon termination of the first priority private voice call, continuing to reserve the reserved communication resource at the first base site for a predetermined period of time, the predetermined period of time sufficient for the reserved communication resource to be allocated, via a channel assignment operation, to a second communication unit upon determining that the second communication unit desires to initiate a second priority private voice call; and e) after the predetermined period of time, returning the plurality of reserved communication resources to the plurality of common communication resources, the plurality of reserved communication resources being available to the plurality of communication units.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein step (d) comprises the steps of:
d1) determining a length of time from a termination of ongoing priority calls;
and d2) determining that a subsequent priority call is not expected when the length of time exceeds a threshold.
18. In a communication system that includes a base site controller and a plurality of base sites, the plurality of base sites being assigned a plurality of communication resources to provide communication services to a plurality of communication units, the base site controller reserving at least some of the plurality of communication resources to support priority private voice communications by at least some of the plurality of communication units, the base site controller comprising:
a processing device, coupled to a first base site of the plurality of base sites, that automatically determines when a first communication unit of the plurality of communication units desires to initiate a priority private voice call;
a reserved resource database, coupled to the processing device, that reserves a communication resource of the plurality of communication resources at the first base site to facilitate the priority private voice call when the communication resource is available to produce a reserved communication resource;
a control circuit, coupled to the reserved resource database and the first base site, that directs the first base site to allocate the reserved communication unit to the first communication unit; and a timing circuit, coupled to the processing device and the reserved resource database, that determines a length of time from a termination of the priority private voice call and directs the reserved resource database to return the reserved communication resource to the plurality of communication resources when the length of time exceeds a predetermined threshold, the predetermined threshold sufficient for the reserved communication resource to be allocated, via a channel assignment operation, to a second communication unit upon determining that the second communication unit desires to initiate a second priority private voice call.
CA002189861A 1995-03-31 1996-03-15 Method and apparatus for allocating communication resources to support priority communications in a communication system Expired - Fee Related CA2189861C (en)

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