CA2246170A1 - Tracheal tube devices - Google Patents
Tracheal tube devices Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2246170A1 CA2246170A1 CA002246170A CA2246170A CA2246170A1 CA 2246170 A1 CA2246170 A1 CA 2246170A1 CA 002246170 A CA002246170 A CA 002246170A CA 2246170 A CA2246170 A CA 2246170A CA 2246170 A1 CA2246170 A1 CA 2246170A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- bag
- inflated
- tube
- main tube
- inflatable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0434—Cuffs
- A61M16/0454—Redundant cuffs
- A61M16/0459—Redundant cuffs one cuff behind another
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0475—Tracheal tubes having openings in the tube
- A61M16/0477—Tracheal tubes having openings in the tube with incorporated means for delivering or removing fluids
- A61M16/0479—Tracheal tubes having openings in the tube with incorporated means for delivering or removing fluids above the cuff, e.g. giving access to the upper trachea
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0463—Tracheal tubes combined with suction tubes, catheters or the like; Outside connections
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/10—Balloon catheters
- A61M2025/1043—Balloon catheters with special features or adapted for special applications
- A61M2025/1059—Balloon catheters with special features or adapted for special applications having different inflatable sections mainly depending on the response to the inflation pressure, e.g. due to different material properties
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/10—Balloon catheters
- A61M25/1011—Multiple balloon catheters
Abstract
An endotracheal tube 10 has an inflatable bag 20 towards its patient end for sealing with the inside of the trachea 11. Additionally, the tube 10 has a second, longer bag 50 separately inflatable to a lower pressure than the first bag 20 and such as to extend along the tube 10 from the first bag 20 to and through the vocal chords and larynx 13 and occupy the space between the first bag and the vocal chords 13. The inflated second tube 50 can thus reduce passage of secretions and minimises the space available for them. A suction line 48 extends along the tube, opening between, or at the interface between, the two bags 20 and 50 so that any body secretions that do pass the second bag can be removed.
Description
TP~r. l~B D~svIC~S
DESCRIPT~ON
This in~ention relates to tracheal tube devices of the kind for insertion into the trachea, the device compri~ing a main tube encompa~sed towards its distal end by an inflatable bag and, extending to the interior of the bag, an inflation line by which the bag can be inflated.
Generally, the inflatable bag i~ a cuff or a balloon.
A common feature of tracheal tube de~ices of this kind, such a~ endotrache~l or tracheo~tomy tubes, is that bodily ~ecretion~, mucou~, or other unwanted fluids can collect in the cu~p between the inner ~urface of the body conduit and the ovate up~ream surface of the inflated cuff or balloon.
The~e bodily ~ecretions ofien pa~ progressively between the inner ~urface of the trachea and the outer surface of the cuff or b~lloon - even though these ~urfaces are ~upposed to be in mutually sealing contact These bodil~
secretion-~ can pas~ from the trachea and enter the hronchi, potenti~lly to cause lung infections. This pa~sage of unwanted fluid~ pa8t the inflated bag of the tracheal tube device, i~ thought to be due to t~e patient'~ breathing cycle producing fluctuating inhalation/exhalation pressures on the downstream ovate ~urfa~e of the inf~ated bag and cau~ing the latter and/or the tracheal conduit to a~t somewhat in the manner of a pe~i~taltic pump.
One propo~ed solution to thi~ problem is to provide the tube de~ice, not only with an inflation line to the distal bag but al~o ~ith a suction line opening to a reglon above the bag. In pr~ctice however, due to the finite axial length accommodated by the tape or other fastening ~ean~
required to attach ~he bag sealin~ly to the main tube of the ~tructuxe, the opening from the ~uction line i~
dispo8ed too far above the upstream ovate ~urfa~e of t~e bag to en~ure removal by ~uction of all the unwanted fluids collecting in that region. Bven where the c~llar of the ba~
i8 everted, in the manner described in G~-2250440, ~uction may not en~ure complete removal o~ all ~ecretion~.
It is thua clearly de~ira~le to provide an improved tracheal tube device.
According to the present in~ention there is provided a tracheal tube device for in~ertion int~ the trachea, the device comprising;
a main ~ube encompa~sed towards it~ di9tal end by a fir~t inflatable bag;
an inflation line exte~i ng to the interior of the bag by which the bag can be inflated; and a second bag to enc~ the main tube;
characteri~ed in that the de~ice includes a second inflatio~ line by which the second bag can be inflated ~eparately from the first bag, and in that the second inElatable bag is ~im~.sioned and arranged in u~e to occupy the space f~om the fir~t inflatable ~ag - i.e. from contact with or close proximity to the fir~t inflatable bag - to at lea~t the patient'~
vocal chord~.
Preferably, the second bag extend~ through the vocal ~hords. The second bag may be about three time the length of the first ba~. The second bag is preferably inflated in use to a lower pressure than the first bag, ~uch as between about 2 and 5 cm water. The de~ice may include a suction line extending from the proximal end of the devicc and opening on the main tube at a location between the first and ~econd bag~. The ~irst bag may have an upper surface shaped ~o form a receptacle for the collection of fluid~.
The second bag may be a cuff a~tached at it6 ends with the ~ain tu~e or it may be a balloon that encompa~es the wall of the main tube, in which case, the second bag m~y be slidable along the main tu~e. Advantageously, the lower end of the second bag, when inflated, nest~ within the receptacle provided by the upper surface of the first bàg, when inflated.
According to another aspect of this invention there is provided a method o~ intuba~ion into the trachea of an animal or human patient a tracheal tube de~ice according to any preceding Claim, characterised by the steps of:
in~erting the main tube and first inflatable bag through the larynx into the trachea to di~po~e the f irst bag in spaced relation to the larynx, inflatiny the first bag via the fir~t inflation line, providing the second inflatable bag between the fir~t bag and the larynx ~uch that, when inflated, ~he second bag may contact or closely approach the first bag, and inflating the eecond bag to be in contact with or clo~ely approach the first bag and occupy the space between the first bag and the larynx, preferably to extend through the larynx.
~dvantageously, the fir~t bag is inflated to ~ first p~e~6ure, and the second bag is inflated to a second pressure lower than the first pressure.
By way of example, embodiment~ of thi6 invention ~ill now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings of which:
Figure 1 i8 a ~chematic longitudinal section of an endotracheal tube according to one embodiment of thi~ invention;
Figure 2 i~ a partly cut-away generalised view o~ the embodiment of ~igure 1; and Figure 3 is a partly cut-away generalised view of an endotracheal ~ube according to a ~econd e~bodiment of this invention.
The illu~trated endotracheal tube device 10 of Fig~ 1 and
DESCRIPT~ON
This in~ention relates to tracheal tube devices of the kind for insertion into the trachea, the device compri~ing a main tube encompa~sed towards its distal end by an inflatable bag and, extending to the interior of the bag, an inflation line by which the bag can be inflated.
Generally, the inflatable bag i~ a cuff or a balloon.
A common feature of tracheal tube de~ices of this kind, such a~ endotrache~l or tracheo~tomy tubes, is that bodily ~ecretion~, mucou~, or other unwanted fluids can collect in the cu~p between the inner ~urface of the body conduit and the ovate up~ream surface of the inflated cuff or balloon.
The~e bodily ~ecretions ofien pa~ progressively between the inner ~urface of the trachea and the outer surface of the cuff or b~lloon - even though these ~urfaces are ~upposed to be in mutually sealing contact These bodil~
secretion-~ can pas~ from the trachea and enter the hronchi, potenti~lly to cause lung infections. This pa~sage of unwanted fluid~ pa8t the inflated bag of the tracheal tube device, i~ thought to be due to t~e patient'~ breathing cycle producing fluctuating inhalation/exhalation pressures on the downstream ovate ~urfa~e of the inf~ated bag and cau~ing the latter and/or the tracheal conduit to a~t somewhat in the manner of a pe~i~taltic pump.
One propo~ed solution to thi~ problem is to provide the tube de~ice, not only with an inflation line to the distal bag but al~o ~ith a suction line opening to a reglon above the bag. In pr~ctice however, due to the finite axial length accommodated by the tape or other fastening ~ean~
required to attach ~he bag sealin~ly to the main tube of the ~tructuxe, the opening from the ~uction line i~
dispo8ed too far above the upstream ovate ~urfa~e of t~e bag to en~ure removal by ~uction of all the unwanted fluids collecting in that region. Bven where the c~llar of the ba~
i8 everted, in the manner described in G~-2250440, ~uction may not en~ure complete removal o~ all ~ecretion~.
It is thua clearly de~ira~le to provide an improved tracheal tube device.
According to the present in~ention there is provided a tracheal tube device for in~ertion int~ the trachea, the device comprising;
a main ~ube encompa~sed towards it~ di9tal end by a fir~t inflatable bag;
an inflation line exte~i ng to the interior of the bag by which the bag can be inflated; and a second bag to enc~ the main tube;
characteri~ed in that the de~ice includes a second inflatio~ line by which the second bag can be inflated ~eparately from the first bag, and in that the second inElatable bag is ~im~.sioned and arranged in u~e to occupy the space f~om the fir~t inflatable ~ag - i.e. from contact with or close proximity to the fir~t inflatable bag - to at lea~t the patient'~
vocal chord~.
Preferably, the second bag extend~ through the vocal ~hords. The second bag may be about three time the length of the first ba~. The second bag is preferably inflated in use to a lower pressure than the first bag, ~uch as between about 2 and 5 cm water. The de~ice may include a suction line extending from the proximal end of the devicc and opening on the main tube at a location between the first and ~econd bag~. The ~irst bag may have an upper surface shaped ~o form a receptacle for the collection of fluid~.
The second bag may be a cuff a~tached at it6 ends with the ~ain tu~e or it may be a balloon that encompa~es the wall of the main tube, in which case, the second bag m~y be slidable along the main tu~e. Advantageously, the lower end of the second bag, when inflated, nest~ within the receptacle provided by the upper surface of the first bàg, when inflated.
According to another aspect of this invention there is provided a method o~ intuba~ion into the trachea of an animal or human patient a tracheal tube de~ice according to any preceding Claim, characterised by the steps of:
in~erting the main tube and first inflatable bag through the larynx into the trachea to di~po~e the f irst bag in spaced relation to the larynx, inflatiny the first bag via the fir~t inflation line, providing the second inflatable bag between the fir~t bag and the larynx ~uch that, when inflated, ~he second bag may contact or closely approach the first bag, and inflating the eecond bag to be in contact with or clo~ely approach the first bag and occupy the space between the first bag and the larynx, preferably to extend through the larynx.
~dvantageously, the fir~t bag is inflated to ~ first p~e~6ure, and the second bag is inflated to a second pressure lower than the first pressure.
By way of example, embodiment~ of thi6 invention ~ill now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings of which:
Figure 1 i8 a ~chematic longitudinal section of an endotracheal tube according to one embodiment of thi~ invention;
Figure 2 i~ a partly cut-away generalised view o~ the embodiment of ~igure 1; and Figure 3 is a partly cut-away generalised view of an endotracheal ~ube according to a ~econd e~bodiment of this invention.
The illu~trated endotracheal tube device 10 of Fig~ 1 and
2 i~ a tubular structure for in~ertion into a human or Ani m~l trachea ll via the mouth or nose. The device lO
incorporates a substantially conventional endotracheal tube whi~h compri3es a main tube 12 with an axial bore, the tube having a proxim~l or machine end 14 and a di~tal or patient end 16 with an inflatable bag 20 encompas8ing the main tube adjacent the distal end 16. The device also ha-~ a se~eond bag 50 to be de~cribed in detail below.
An inflation line 18 leads to the interio~ of the bag 20 to enable it to be inflated with air to a generally o~ate-~ape. The inflation line la i~ attached or integrally moulded with the wall of main tube 12 for the majority of its length ~uch as to be internally lor externally) bonded 25 to, or extnlded integrally ~ith, the wall of main tube 12.
The proximal end of the inflation line 18 i~ provided with a spring-loaded valve 19 (Fig 2~ that is nor~ally closed buc is opened ~y in~ertion o~ a ~yringe (not shown) that i~
used to inflate the bag 20.
A suction line 26 is attached or integrally moulded with the wall of main tube 12 fo~ the ~ajority of it~ leng~h ~uch as to be externally (or internally) bonded to, or extruded integrally with, the wall of main tube 12. ~his suction line 26 extend~ to adjacent the top surface of bag ~0 where it terminate~ in an orifice 27 that opens on the exterior surface of the tube 12, ~o that unwanted fluid~
that may collect above the bag 20 can be removed by suction.
s The bag 20 may be provided by a cuff adhered at it~ ends to the exterior surface of main tube 12 80 that the bag is defined by the cuff material and the main t~be~ ex~erior surface between the cuffs ends.
Alternatively, the bag 20 may be provided by a balloon of generally toroidal extent enco~r~sing the main tube 12 and having the balloon's radially i~ner surface adhered to the exterior surface of the main tube 12.
As stated above, the endot~cheal tube de~ice 1~ of this embodiment also comprises a ~econd bag ~0. Thi~ is located between the fir~t inflatable bag 20 and the proximal end 14 o~ the main tube 12, the bag 50 being separately inflatable via a second inflation line 48 and ~uch that the two bags 20,50 ~when inflated) are in contact with or very clo~ely approach one another. The ~econd bag S0 i~ sub~tantially longer than the fir~t, distal bag 20, typically being ~bout three ti.~e~ it~ length. The length of the second bag 50 is chosen so that it occupie~ ~ubstantially all of the space between the fir~t bag 20 and the vo~al chords 13, and preferably extends through and above the vocal chords 13 by a short distance when the patient end 16 of ~he tube is correctly located, just above the patient's carina.
I~ use, following in~ertion o~ the endotracheal tube lo into the patient's trachea, the first bag 20 -~hich is located ~paced from the patient'~ vocal chords 13 - i8 inflated to provide a seal against the trachea 11, and the second bag 50 is then inflated 80 a~ to occupy all or at least the majority of t~e space or volume between the inflated fir~t ba~ ~O and the larynx, o~ vocal chords 13.
~n thi~ way, the bag 50 mini~ise~ the trachea volu~e avai~able above the bag 20 in ~hich unwanted fluid~ can collect. It thus prevent~ or minimi~e8 the quantity of such unwanted fluids that can e~ist above the bag 20 and that could travel past thi~ bag 20 into the patient'8 lung~.
When the tube device 10 is to be extubated from the patient, the bag 50 is deflated fir9t and, before deflating t~e lower bag 20, any minimal unwanted fluid~ collecting lo above bag 20 can (continue to) be re~oved via suction line Z6.
The embodiment of Fig ~ provides an endotracheal tube device 30 for in~ertion, ~ia the no~e or mouth, into a human or animal trachea 11. The endotracheal tube device 30 is ~imilar to that o~ Figs I and 2 except that its main tube 12 i~ encompa~ed at its distal end 16 by an inflatable bag 40 of dif ferent shape from that o~ the bag 20 in Fi~ 1 and 2. Instead of bein~ a conventional, wholly ovate bag a~ shown in Figs 1 and 2, the bag 40 of Fig 3 ha~
a shape to form ~when inflated) a receptacle-like upper ~u~face.
The bag 40 is shaped and/or attached to the outer wall surface of main tube 12, e.g. hy tape~, adhe~ive, ~elding or the like, ~uch that pa~t of the inflated bag's exterior surface for~ a receptacle ~5 that encompasses the main tube 12 and definee therewith a ~pace for the collection of unwanted fluids. This space is akin to a cup-shaped recess or depre~ion formed inwardly of the body of the inflated bag at it~ end facing the tu~e~s proximal end - as though that end'~ surface had been depre6sed inward~ of the body of the inf lated bag.
Dependin~ on the size and shape of the bag 40, it is envisaged that the height of that bag's outer surface -which, when inflated, i~ in sealing contact with the trachea surface 11 - may be approxi~ately 2cm to ~cm, ~hereas the height of that bag' 8 inner ~urface in contact with the exterior surface of the main tube 12 may be S approximately O.Scm to 1.5cm where the bag i~ a cuff, or substantially more where the bag is a balloon. However, in either ca~e, the depth of the receptacle 25 formed by ~and between~ the inflated bag'~ exterior surface and the main tube 12 (i.e. the di~tance bewtwee it~ mouth and its botto~) may, for example, be 2 to 4cm.
I~ u~e, the endotracheal tube device 30 i9 in~erted into the ,patient's trachea to locate bag 40 ~paced from the patient' 8 la~ynx 13. Following in~ertion the bag 40 i~
in~lated to provide a aeal against the ~rachea ll, and the ~econd bag 50 of device 30 i~ then in~lated ~o as to extend from the inflated first bag 40 - into the receptacle 25 of which the lower end of second bag 50 nestingly projects -and occupy the majority of the ~pace or volume between the first inflatable bag 40 and the larynx, or vocal chords 13.
In this way, the bag 50 minimise~ the trachea volume available above bag 40 in which unwanted fluid~ can collect. It t~u~ prevents or mini~;ses the quantity of such unwanted fluids that can exi~t above bag 40 and that could 2S travel past the bag 40 into the patient~ lungs.
It will be appreciated that with either of the e~ho~;m~nts of Fig~ l to 3, the di~en~ions of the bag 50 are preferably ~u~h that bag 50 encompasses upper regions of the ~ai~ tube
incorporates a substantially conventional endotracheal tube whi~h compri3es a main tube 12 with an axial bore, the tube having a proxim~l or machine end 14 and a di~tal or patient end 16 with an inflatable bag 20 encompas8ing the main tube adjacent the distal end 16. The device also ha-~ a se~eond bag 50 to be de~cribed in detail below.
An inflation line 18 leads to the interio~ of the bag 20 to enable it to be inflated with air to a generally o~ate-~ape. The inflation line la i~ attached or integrally moulded with the wall of main tube 12 for the majority of its length ~uch as to be internally lor externally) bonded 25 to, or extnlded integrally ~ith, the wall of main tube 12.
The proximal end of the inflation line 18 i~ provided with a spring-loaded valve 19 (Fig 2~ that is nor~ally closed buc is opened ~y in~ertion o~ a ~yringe (not shown) that i~
used to inflate the bag 20.
A suction line 26 is attached or integrally moulded with the wall of main tube 12 fo~ the ~ajority of it~ leng~h ~uch as to be externally (or internally) bonded to, or extruded integrally with, the wall of main tube 12. ~his suction line 26 extend~ to adjacent the top surface of bag ~0 where it terminate~ in an orifice 27 that opens on the exterior surface of the tube 12, ~o that unwanted fluid~
that may collect above the bag 20 can be removed by suction.
s The bag 20 may be provided by a cuff adhered at it~ ends to the exterior surface of main tube 12 80 that the bag is defined by the cuff material and the main t~be~ ex~erior surface between the cuffs ends.
Alternatively, the bag 20 may be provided by a balloon of generally toroidal extent enco~r~sing the main tube 12 and having the balloon's radially i~ner surface adhered to the exterior surface of the main tube 12.
As stated above, the endot~cheal tube de~ice 1~ of this embodiment also comprises a ~econd bag ~0. Thi~ is located between the fir~t inflatable bag 20 and the proximal end 14 o~ the main tube 12, the bag 50 being separately inflatable via a second inflation line 48 and ~uch that the two bags 20,50 ~when inflated) are in contact with or very clo~ely approach one another. The ~econd bag S0 i~ sub~tantially longer than the fir~t, distal bag 20, typically being ~bout three ti.~e~ it~ length. The length of the second bag 50 is chosen so that it occupie~ ~ubstantially all of the space between the fir~t bag 20 and the vo~al chords 13, and preferably extends through and above the vocal chords 13 by a short distance when the patient end 16 of ~he tube is correctly located, just above the patient's carina.
I~ use, following in~ertion o~ the endotracheal tube lo into the patient's trachea, the first bag 20 -~hich is located ~paced from the patient'~ vocal chords 13 - i8 inflated to provide a seal against the trachea 11, and the second bag 50 is then inflated 80 a~ to occupy all or at least the majority of t~e space or volume between the inflated fir~t ba~ ~O and the larynx, o~ vocal chords 13.
~n thi~ way, the bag 50 mini~ise~ the trachea volu~e avai~able above the bag 20 in ~hich unwanted fluid~ can collect. It thus prevent~ or minimi~e8 the quantity of such unwanted fluids that can e~ist above the bag 20 and that could travel past thi~ bag 20 into the patient'8 lung~.
When the tube device 10 is to be extubated from the patient, the bag 50 is deflated fir9t and, before deflating t~e lower bag 20, any minimal unwanted fluid~ collecting lo above bag 20 can (continue to) be re~oved via suction line Z6.
The embodiment of Fig ~ provides an endotracheal tube device 30 for in~ertion, ~ia the no~e or mouth, into a human or animal trachea 11. The endotracheal tube device 30 is ~imilar to that o~ Figs I and 2 except that its main tube 12 i~ encompa~ed at its distal end 16 by an inflatable bag 40 of dif ferent shape from that o~ the bag 20 in Fi~ 1 and 2. Instead of bein~ a conventional, wholly ovate bag a~ shown in Figs 1 and 2, the bag 40 of Fig 3 ha~
a shape to form ~when inflated) a receptacle-like upper ~u~face.
The bag 40 is shaped and/or attached to the outer wall surface of main tube 12, e.g. hy tape~, adhe~ive, ~elding or the like, ~uch that pa~t of the inflated bag's exterior surface for~ a receptacle ~5 that encompasses the main tube 12 and definee therewith a ~pace for the collection of unwanted fluids. This space is akin to a cup-shaped recess or depre~ion formed inwardly of the body of the inflated bag at it~ end facing the tu~e~s proximal end - as though that end'~ surface had been depre6sed inward~ of the body of the inf lated bag.
Dependin~ on the size and shape of the bag 40, it is envisaged that the height of that bag's outer surface -which, when inflated, i~ in sealing contact with the trachea surface 11 - may be approxi~ately 2cm to ~cm, ~hereas the height of that bag' 8 inner ~urface in contact with the exterior surface of the main tube 12 may be S approximately O.Scm to 1.5cm where the bag i~ a cuff, or substantially more where the bag is a balloon. However, in either ca~e, the depth of the receptacle 25 formed by ~and between~ the inflated bag'~ exterior surface and the main tube 12 (i.e. the di~tance bewtwee it~ mouth and its botto~) may, for example, be 2 to 4cm.
I~ u~e, the endotracheal tube device 30 i9 in~erted into the ,patient's trachea to locate bag 40 ~paced from the patient' 8 la~ynx 13. Following in~ertion the bag 40 i~
in~lated to provide a aeal against the ~rachea ll, and the ~econd bag 50 of device 30 i~ then in~lated ~o as to extend from the inflated first bag 40 - into the receptacle 25 of which the lower end of second bag 50 nestingly projects -and occupy the majority of the ~pace or volume between the first inflatable bag 40 and the larynx, or vocal chords 13.
In this way, the bag 50 minimise~ the trachea volume available above bag 40 in which unwanted fluid~ can collect. It t~u~ prevents or mini~;ses the quantity of such unwanted fluids that can exi~t above bag 40 and that could 2S travel past the bag 40 into the patient~ lungs.
It will be appreciated that with either of the e~ho~;m~nts of Fig~ l to 3, the di~en~ions of the bag 50 are preferably ~u~h that bag 50 encompasses upper regions of the ~ai~ tube
3~ 12 and extends past the vocal chords of the hu~an or animal patient. To avoid dama~e to the vocal chords and/or undue patient discomfort, the ~econd bag 50 is inflated to a pres~ure substantially less than that of the lower bag 20 or 40. For e~ample, the bag 20 or 40 may ~e inflated to a pressure of water of approximately lS~m, whereas the second bag 50 may be inflated to a pressure of ~ater of approximately only 2cm to 5cm.
The ~ag 50 may be either a cuff or a ~alloon that is permanently attached to the main tube 12. Alternatively, the ~ag 5~ may be a ~eparate balloon that, either after or prior to being fully inflated, is slid down ~he main tube la ~rom the main tube's proximal end 14 after, the main tube is in poQition in the trachea with the fi~t bag 20 or 0 40, i~ then appropriately fully inflated.
Although the above-de~cribed and illu~trated embodimentR of thi~ invention have been endotracheal tubes, the present invention i~ considered applicable al60 to other tracheal device~, such as tracheo~tomy tubes. Fu~thermore it will be appreciated that other modifications and embodiments of the invention, ~hich will be readily apparent to those skilled in this art, are to be deemed within the ambit and scope of the invention, and the particular embodiment~ hereinbefore de~cri~ed may be varied in construction and detail, e.g.
interchanging (where appropriate or de~ired) different feature~ of each, without departing fro~ the scope of the patent monopoly hereby sought.
The ~ag 50 may be either a cuff or a ~alloon that is permanently attached to the main tube 12. Alternatively, the ~ag 5~ may be a ~eparate balloon that, either after or prior to being fully inflated, is slid down ~he main tube la ~rom the main tube's proximal end 14 after, the main tube is in poQition in the trachea with the fi~t bag 20 or 0 40, i~ then appropriately fully inflated.
Although the above-de~cribed and illu~trated embodimentR of thi~ invention have been endotracheal tubes, the present invention i~ considered applicable al60 to other tracheal device~, such as tracheo~tomy tubes. Fu~thermore it will be appreciated that other modifications and embodiments of the invention, ~hich will be readily apparent to those skilled in this art, are to be deemed within the ambit and scope of the invention, and the particular embodiment~ hereinbefore de~cri~ed may be varied in construction and detail, e.g.
interchanging (where appropriate or de~ired) different feature~ of each, without departing fro~ the scope of the patent monopoly hereby sought.
Claims (13)
1. A tracheal tube device (10, 30) for insertion into the trachea (11), the device comprising:
a main tube (12) encompassed towards its distal end (16) by a first inflatable bag (20, 40);
an inflation line (18) extending to the interior of the bag (20, 40) by which the bag can be inflated, and a second bag (50) to encompass the main tube (2) characterised in that the device includes a second inflation line (48) by which the second bag (50) can be inflated separately from the first bag (20,40), and in that the second inflatable bag (50) is dimensioned and arranged in use to occupy the space from the first inflatable bag (20,40) to at least the patient's vocal chords (13).
a main tube (12) encompassed towards its distal end (16) by a first inflatable bag (20, 40);
an inflation line (18) extending to the interior of the bag (20, 40) by which the bag can be inflated, and a second bag (50) to encompass the main tube (2) characterised in that the device includes a second inflation line (48) by which the second bag (50) can be inflated separately from the first bag (20,40), and in that the second inflatable bag (50) is dimensioned and arranged in use to occupy the space from the first inflatable bag (20,40) to at least the patient's vocal chords (13).
2. A device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the second bag (50) is to extend in use through the vocal chords (13).
3. A device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the second bag (50) is about three times the length of the first bag (20, 40).
4. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the second bag (50) is to be in use inflated to a lower pressure than the first bag (20, 40).
5. A device according to Claim 4, characterised in that the second bag (50) is to be in use inflated to a pressure of between about 2 and 5 cm water.
6. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the device includes a suction line (18) extending from the proximal end of the device and opening on the main tube (12) at a location (27) between the first and second bag (20, 40 and 50).
7. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the first bag (40) has an upper surface shaped to form a receptacle (25) for the collection of fluids.
8. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the second bag (50) is a cuff attached at its ends with the main tube (12).
9. A device according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the second bag is a balloon that encompasses the wall of the main tube.
10. A device according to Claim 9, characterised in that the second bag (50) is slidable along the main tube (12).
11. A method of intubation into the trachea of an animal or human patient a tracheal tube device according to any preceding Claim, characterised by the steps of:
inserting the main tube (12) and first inflatable bag (20,40) through the larynx into the trachea to disposed the first bag (20,40) in spaced relation to the larynx, inflating the first bag (20,40) via the first inflation line (18), providing the second inflatable bag (50) between the first bag (20,40) and the larynx such that, when inflated, the second bag (50) may contact or closely approach the first bag (20,40), and inflating the second bag (50) to be in contact with or closely approach the first bag (20,40) and occupy the space between the first bag (20,40) and the larynx.
inserting the main tube (12) and first inflatable bag (20,40) through the larynx into the trachea to disposed the first bag (20,40) in spaced relation to the larynx, inflating the first bag (20,40) via the first inflation line (18), providing the second inflatable bag (50) between the first bag (20,40) and the larynx such that, when inflated, the second bag (50) may contact or closely approach the first bag (20,40), and inflating the second bag (50) to be in contact with or closely approach the first bag (20,40) and occupy the space between the first bag (20,40) and the larynx.
12. A method according to Claim 11 characterised in that the second inflatable bag (50) is positioned to extend through the larynx.
13. A method according to Claim 11 or Claim 12, characterised in that the first bag (20,40) is inflated to a first pressure, and in that the second bag (50) is inflated to a second pressure lower than the first pressure.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB9718534.2A GB9718534D0 (en) | 1997-09-01 | 1997-09-01 | Tubular structures |
| GB9718534.2 | 1997-09-01 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2246170A1 true CA2246170A1 (en) | 1999-03-01 |
Family
ID=10818363
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002246170A Abandoned CA2246170A1 (en) | 1997-09-01 | 1998-08-31 | Tracheal tube devices |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6062223A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0906766A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH11146916A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU741071B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2246170A1 (en) |
| GB (2) | GB9718534D0 (en) |
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-
1997
- 1997-09-01 GB GBGB9718534.2A patent/GB9718534D0/en active Pending
-
1998
- 1998-08-31 JP JP10262358A patent/JPH11146916A/en active Pending
- 1998-08-31 AU AU81963/98A patent/AU741071B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-08-31 CA CA002246170A patent/CA2246170A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-09-01 GB GB9819044A patent/GB2328615B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-09-01 EP EP98307007A patent/EP0906766A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-09-01 US US09/144,465 patent/US6062223A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9718534D0 (en) | 1997-11-05 |
| GB2328615B (en) | 2001-02-07 |
| EP0906766A1 (en) | 1999-04-07 |
| JPH11146916A (en) | 1999-06-02 |
| GB2328615A (en) | 1999-03-03 |
| AU741071B2 (en) | 2001-11-22 |
| US6062223A (en) | 2000-05-16 |
| AU8196398A (en) | 1999-03-11 |
| GB9819044D0 (en) | 1998-10-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |