CA2247677A1 - Fiber optic cable with ripcord - Google Patents
Fiber optic cable with ripcord Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2247677A1 CA2247677A1 CA002247677A CA2247677A CA2247677A1 CA 2247677 A1 CA2247677 A1 CA 2247677A1 CA 002247677 A CA002247677 A CA 002247677A CA 2247677 A CA2247677 A CA 2247677A CA 2247677 A1 CA2247677 A1 CA 2247677A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- ripcord
- fiber optic
- tape
- cable
- cable core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- KAATUXNTWXVJKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cypermethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)C(C=C(Cl)Cl)C1C(=O)OC(C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 KAATUXNTWXVJKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 abstract description 8
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001179 medium density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004701 medium-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003223 poly(pyromellitimide-1,4-diphenyl ether) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/443—Protective covering
- G02B6/4431—Protective covering with provision in the protective covering, e.g. weak line, for gaining access to one or more fibres, e.g. for branching or tapping
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/44384—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables the means comprising water blocking or hydrophobic materials
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
Abstract
A fiber optic cable (10) includes a cable core (20) and a sheath section (40). Interstitial assemblies (30) are disposed between cable core (20) and sheath section (40, at least one of the interstitial assemblies (30) includes a ripcord (38). Ripcord (38) is operative, upon application of a sufficient outwardly directed pulling force, to rip a cable core binder (26) stranded around buffer tubes (23), water swellable tape (27), and a binder (29) stranded around tape (27). A craftsman need not use a cutting tool to cut binders (26,29) and/or tape (27) which saves time and avoids potential injury to the craftsman and inadvertent damage to buffer tubes or other cable components.
Description
Fiber oPtic Cable With Ri~cord The present invention relates to a fiber optic cable, and, more particularly, to a fiber optic cable having a ripcord for ripping at least one fiber optic cable component.
s Fiber optic cables include optical fibers which transmit voice, television, and computer data information. Fiber optic cables designed for indoor, outdoor, or indoor/outdoor applications may include one or more ripcords and may include one or more binders.
o Ripcords are typically used by craftsmen to rip an armor tape of the cable and/or the cable jacket, whereby the tear facilitates removal of the armor tape and/or cable jacket.
To avoid breakage of the ripcord during the ripping action, a typical ripcord is preferably made of a high-strength~~
material having a suitable weight, i.e. denier. A denier is a unit of weight per length (grams per 9000 meters) of material for measuring the fineness of threads, yarns, and the like. Binders are tape-like members which are typically used in a fiber optic cable to bind groups of cable components together. For example, one or more binders may be strand~l around a cable core member having buffer tubes to hold the cable core member together prior to the extrusion of a cable jacketing material about the core member. Moreover, one or more binders may be used to retain a water swellable tape about a core member prior to the cable jacketing operation. Additionally, binders may be stranded about groups of optical fibers to form optical fiber bundles. When it is desired to gain access to the buffer tubes and optical fibers therein, a craftsman typically must use a cutting tool to cut the binders and water swellable tape. The use of a cutting tool, however, is time consuming, may create the potential for injury to the craftsman, and inadvertent damage to the buffer tubes or other cable components may occur.
There are known fiber optic cables which include at least one ripcord. US-A-5642452 discloses a fiber optic ~ CA 02247677 1998-09-17 _ . , .
cable with two ripcords. A radially outermost ripcord is located radially inwardly of strength members for ripping the strength members and an outer cable jacket. A radially innermost ripcord is located radially inwardly of an inner s jacket for ripping the inner jacket. US-A-5621841 discloses a fiber optic cable having two ripcords. The ripcords are in diametrically opposed locations relative to a center of the cable, and the ripcords are located radially inwardly of a steel tape and an outer sheath. The ripcords are arranged for ripping the armor and possibly the outer sheath as well.
US-A-4913515 discloses a fiber optic cable with a glass or aramid fiber ripcord located radially inwardly of optical fibers embedded in a plastic jacket. The ripcord is operative to rip the plastic jacket, and the fiber optic cable may then be unrolled to define an optical fiber ribbon.
US-A-5268983 discloses a fiber optic cable with two ripcords.
A radially outermost nylon ripcord is located radially inwardly of an outer jacket for ripping the outer jacket. A
radially innermost ripcord is part of a core-tube jacket for ripping the core-tube jacket. US-A-5029974 discloses a fiber optic cable with a high-strength ripcord for ripping an armor tape and a cable sheath. US-A-5173961 discloses a fiber optic cable with two ripcords which lie partly within a metallic cable sheath and partly outside of the metallic cable sheath by extending between overlapping edges of the metallic sheath. US-A-5321788 discloses a fiber optic cable which includes a year or color marker under a tape, and includes two ripcords for facilitating removal of an armor tape and a cable jacket. None of the foregoing fiber optic cables include a ripcord for ripping a water blocking tape or a binder.
There are known fiber optic cables which include at least one binder. US-A-5345526 discloses binders wrapped around fiber bundles housed in buffer tubes. In order to separate the optical fibers in the fiber bundles into individual optical fibers, the craftsman will typically use a cutting tool to cut the binders. US-A-5249248 discloses a fiber optic cable having a core-wrap binder which functions both as a binder and as a water blocking yarn. The core-wrap binder, characterized as being a high-strength filament, is s wrapped around a plastic tape. The craftsman typically must cut the high-strength filament and the tape with a cutting tool. US-A-4435238 discloses an optical fiber cable comprising optical fibers surrounded by a tape and a binder.
US-A-5165003 discloses binders wrapped around fiber bundles embedded in a filling compound. None of the foregoing fiber optic cables with at least one binder include a ripcord for ripping a water blocking tape or a binder. However, in all of the foregoing known fiber optic cables which include at-least one binder, the craftsman typically must cut the binders and the tape, if any, with a cutting tool. As noted above, however, the use of a cutting tool is time consuming, may create the potential for injury to the craftsman, and inadvertent damage to the buffer tubes or other cable components may occur. Consequently, there is a long-felt need for a solution to the problem of removing binders and tapes from fiber optic cables.
Obiects of the Invention Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a fiber optic cable which includes one or more -binders, but does not require the use of a cutting tool to cut the one or more binders, so that the binder removal procedure is not time consuming, and injury to the craftsman and inadvertent damage to the buffer tubes or other cable components is avoided.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a fiber optic cable which includes at least one water swellable tape, but does not require the use of a cutting tool to cut the at least one water swellable tape, so that injury to the 3s craftsman and inadvertent damage to the buffer tubes or other cable components is avoided.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a fiber optic cable which includes a cable core with a cable core binder stranded around the cable core, a water swellable tape with a tape binder which surrounds the water swellable tape, the cable core including a ripcord therein, the ripcord being operative, upon application of a sufficient outwardly directed pulling force, to rip the cable core binder, the water swellable tape, and the tape binder.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a fiber optic cable having a cable core, the cable core includes a cable core binder, a fire-safety tape, a tape binder stranded around the tape, and a ripcord, the ripcord being operative, upon application of a sufficient pulling -force, to rip the cable core binder, the fire-safety tape, and the tape binder.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a fiber optic cable having a binder which is susceptible of being ripped by a ripcord.
Summarv of the Invention In achieving the foregoing objectives, the present invention provides a fiber optic cable having a cable core and a sheath section. The cable core includes a ripcord, the ripcord being operative, upon application of a sufficient pulling force, to rip a cable core binder stranded around buffer tubes of the cable core. Additionally, the ripcord is operative to rip a water swellable tape and a tape binder stranded around the water swellable tape. In accordance with the present invention, a craftsman need not use a cutting tool to cut the cable core binder and/or the water swellable tape, which avoids potential injury to the craftsman and inadver'ent damage to buffer tubes or other cable components.
Moreover, the tape need not be of the water swellable function type, as the invention may be practiced with tapes having other functions, for example, a fire-safety tape, e.g.
. CA 02247677 1998-09-17 , for flame retardance. Further, the ripcord may include a superabsorbent material.
Brief Descri~tion of the Drawinq Fiqures s _ Figure 1 shows an isometric view of a fiber optic cable according to the present invention.
Figure 2 shows a cross sectional view of the fiber optic cable of Figure 1 taken along line 2-2.
Figure 3 shows a section of the fiber optic cable of lo Figure 2.
Figure 4 shows an isometric view of a fiber optic cable with a ripcord according to the present invention after the ripcord has ripped the cable core binder, the water swellable or fire-safety tape, and the tape binder.
Detailed Description of the Invention Referring to Figures 1-4, a fiber optic cable 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described. Fiber optic cable 10 includes a cable core 20 and a sheath section 40. Core section 20 includes buffer tubes 23 with a cable core binder 26 stranded therearound, a water swellable tape 27 surrounds binder 26, and a tape binder 29 is stranded around water swellable tape 27. Cable core 20 includes interstitial assemblies 30 2s disposed in respective interstices S (Figure 2). According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least ~ one of interstitial assemblies 30 includes a ripcord 38 located radially inwardly of cable core binder 26. Ripcord 38 is operative to, upon application of a sufficient outwardly directed pulling force, rip cable core binder 26, water swellable tape 27, and tape binder 29, thereby obviating the need for a cutting tool to do the same. Not using a cutting tool saves time and avoids potential injury to the craftsman and inadvertent damage to buffer tubes or 3s other cable components.
.. . ..
. CA 02247677 1998-09-17 :
Cable core 20 includes a central strength member 21 formed of a dielectric material. Central strength member 21 is surrounded by a conventional water swellable tape 22. A
plurality of buffer tubes 23 surround tape 22. Each buffer tube 23 includes optical fiber ribbons 24 with optical fibers 25 therein. Buffer tubes 23 are preferably S-Z stranded about central strength member 21 in a conventional S-Z
stranding manufacturing process. Where the optical fiber count so requires, dielectric filler rods may be substituted for buffer tubes 23. In either event, cable core 20 is bound together by at least one cable core binder 26. Where more than one binder 26 is stranded about cable core 20, the binders may be counter-helically stranded. In the preferred embodiment, water swellable tape 27 is a spunbonded non-woven polyester tape impregnated with a superabsorbent material.
The present invention, however, extends to fiber optic cables having a tape 27 with an alternative function, the alternative function tape being in lieu of or in addition to water swellable tape 27, for example, a-fire-safety tape comprising a KAPTON or a TEFLON material for flame retardance. Cable core and tape binders 26,29, according to the present invention, are preferably a polyester (PBT) binder of about 1625 denier with a preferably flat or a round cross section, the combination of material and denier for binders 26,29 is advantageous because it renders cable core binder 26 strong enough to bind cable core 20 together, and tape binder 29 strong enough to retain water swellable tape 27 in its place in cable core 20, and yet binders 26,29 are susceptible to being ripped by ripcord 38 upon application of a sufficient pulling force, as is further described below.
As best shown by Figures 2-3, each interstitial assembly 30 comprises a cable reinforcing member, for example, a crush-strength member 31. Crush-strength member 31 is preferably a rod formed of, for example, a low or medium density polyethylene material or a polypropylene material.
Interstitial assemblies 30 also comprise a conventional water . CA 02247677 1998-09-17 swellable member, for example, a commercially available water swellable yarn 36. Water swellable yarn 36 is disposed longitudinally along crush-strength member 31.
According to the present invention, a ripcord 38 is SZ
stranded in cable core 20 as part of at least one interstitial assembly 30. Alternatively, ripcord 38 is longitudinally disposed relative to a longitudinal axis of cable 10. When ripcord 38 is longitudinally disposed relative to a longitudinal axis of cable 10, to facilitate ripping of water swellable tape 27,- ripcord 38 will preferably be placed at an opposed location relative to an overlap of water swellable tape 27. When ripcord 38 is SZ
stranded as part of an interstitial assembly 30, it is positioned along a radially outward surface of crush-strength member 31 but generally beneath cable core binder 26.
Ripcord 38 is preferably a strong material having a bright color and a suitable weight, e.g., ripcord 38 may be a 3000 denier aramid yarn, or a nylon or a polyester material of a suitable denier. According to the present invention, two variables, namely tensile material strength and denier, are respectively balanced between ripcord 38 and binders 26,29.
Preferably, the present invention is practiced with a relatively strong ripcord 38 having both a relatively strong material strength and a relatively large denier, as compared to the respective tensile strengths and deniers of binders 26-,29. Binders 26,29 are thereby rendered strong enough to perform their binding function; on the other hand, binders 26,29 are susceptible to being ripped by ripcord 38 upon application of a sufficient pulling force. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, ripcord 38 is a relatively strong aramid material comprising a range of about 1.5 to 2.5 times the denier of PBT binders 26,29. The preferred denier ratio of 1.5 to 2.5 accounts for the strength ripcord 38 should embody to rip binders 26,29 and tape 27. Alternatively, depending on the relative respective strengths of the materials of ripcord 38 and binders 26,29, and the respective deniers of ripcord 38 and binders 26,29, and the resistance to ripping exhibited by tape or tapes 27, other materials and deniers of ripcord 38 and binders 26,29 may perform satisfactorily according to the teachings of the present invention. A binder 26 or 29 formed of an oriented polymer material may perform well where the binder has a strong tensile strength but yields in shear when ripped by ripcord 38. Binders 26,29 may be weakened, for example, by having perforations formed therein to facilitate ripping lo thereof. Addit~ionally, ripcord 38 may be coated or otherwise treated with a superabsorbent material.
Sheath section 40 includes two ripcords 43 which are located 180 degrees apart relative to the center of fiber optic cable 10. Additionally, sheath section 40 includes tensile strength members 44. An armor tape 45 surrounds ripcord 43 and preferably eight helically stranded dielectric strength members 44. A durable jacket 46 surrounds armor tape 45. Ripcord 43 is arranged to rip armor tape 45 and jacket 46.
When-it is desired to access the optical fibers in fiber optic cable 10, the cable is cut, and ripcord 43 is used to rip jacket 46 and armor tape 45. Strength members 44 are then unwrapped. Next, a sufficient pulling force is applied to ripcord 38 whereby ripcord 38 rips cable core binder 26, water swellable tape 27, and tape binder 29 for facilitating access to optical fibers 24 (Figure 4). Testing of samples made according to the present invention have indicated that the present invention can be used in mid-span access or free end access procedures. The binders may move when the ripcord presses on them, but the ripcord nevertheless ripped them and the tape. A pressure extruded jacket performed well as the extruded jacketing material acted to fix the binders against movement as the ripcord ripped them. In view of the foregoing, a craftsman need not use a cutting tool to cut binders and/or tape, which saves time and avoids potential , injury to the craftsman and inadvertent damage to buffer tubes or other cable components.
The present invention has thus been described with reference to the foregoing embodiments, which embodiments are intended to be illustrative of the inventive concept rather than limiting. Persons of skill in the art will appreciate that variations and modifications of the foregoing embodiments may be made without departing from the scope of the appended claims. For example, the ripcord and binders lo according to the present invention can be adapted for use with one or more binders stranded around a bundle of optical fibers (not shown).
s Fiber optic cables include optical fibers which transmit voice, television, and computer data information. Fiber optic cables designed for indoor, outdoor, or indoor/outdoor applications may include one or more ripcords and may include one or more binders.
o Ripcords are typically used by craftsmen to rip an armor tape of the cable and/or the cable jacket, whereby the tear facilitates removal of the armor tape and/or cable jacket.
To avoid breakage of the ripcord during the ripping action, a typical ripcord is preferably made of a high-strength~~
material having a suitable weight, i.e. denier. A denier is a unit of weight per length (grams per 9000 meters) of material for measuring the fineness of threads, yarns, and the like. Binders are tape-like members which are typically used in a fiber optic cable to bind groups of cable components together. For example, one or more binders may be strand~l around a cable core member having buffer tubes to hold the cable core member together prior to the extrusion of a cable jacketing material about the core member. Moreover, one or more binders may be used to retain a water swellable tape about a core member prior to the cable jacketing operation. Additionally, binders may be stranded about groups of optical fibers to form optical fiber bundles. When it is desired to gain access to the buffer tubes and optical fibers therein, a craftsman typically must use a cutting tool to cut the binders and water swellable tape. The use of a cutting tool, however, is time consuming, may create the potential for injury to the craftsman, and inadvertent damage to the buffer tubes or other cable components may occur.
There are known fiber optic cables which include at least one ripcord. US-A-5642452 discloses a fiber optic ~ CA 02247677 1998-09-17 _ . , .
cable with two ripcords. A radially outermost ripcord is located radially inwardly of strength members for ripping the strength members and an outer cable jacket. A radially innermost ripcord is located radially inwardly of an inner s jacket for ripping the inner jacket. US-A-5621841 discloses a fiber optic cable having two ripcords. The ripcords are in diametrically opposed locations relative to a center of the cable, and the ripcords are located radially inwardly of a steel tape and an outer sheath. The ripcords are arranged for ripping the armor and possibly the outer sheath as well.
US-A-4913515 discloses a fiber optic cable with a glass or aramid fiber ripcord located radially inwardly of optical fibers embedded in a plastic jacket. The ripcord is operative to rip the plastic jacket, and the fiber optic cable may then be unrolled to define an optical fiber ribbon.
US-A-5268983 discloses a fiber optic cable with two ripcords.
A radially outermost nylon ripcord is located radially inwardly of an outer jacket for ripping the outer jacket. A
radially innermost ripcord is part of a core-tube jacket for ripping the core-tube jacket. US-A-5029974 discloses a fiber optic cable with a high-strength ripcord for ripping an armor tape and a cable sheath. US-A-5173961 discloses a fiber optic cable with two ripcords which lie partly within a metallic cable sheath and partly outside of the metallic cable sheath by extending between overlapping edges of the metallic sheath. US-A-5321788 discloses a fiber optic cable which includes a year or color marker under a tape, and includes two ripcords for facilitating removal of an armor tape and a cable jacket. None of the foregoing fiber optic cables include a ripcord for ripping a water blocking tape or a binder.
There are known fiber optic cables which include at least one binder. US-A-5345526 discloses binders wrapped around fiber bundles housed in buffer tubes. In order to separate the optical fibers in the fiber bundles into individual optical fibers, the craftsman will typically use a cutting tool to cut the binders. US-A-5249248 discloses a fiber optic cable having a core-wrap binder which functions both as a binder and as a water blocking yarn. The core-wrap binder, characterized as being a high-strength filament, is s wrapped around a plastic tape. The craftsman typically must cut the high-strength filament and the tape with a cutting tool. US-A-4435238 discloses an optical fiber cable comprising optical fibers surrounded by a tape and a binder.
US-A-5165003 discloses binders wrapped around fiber bundles embedded in a filling compound. None of the foregoing fiber optic cables with at least one binder include a ripcord for ripping a water blocking tape or a binder. However, in all of the foregoing known fiber optic cables which include at-least one binder, the craftsman typically must cut the binders and the tape, if any, with a cutting tool. As noted above, however, the use of a cutting tool is time consuming, may create the potential for injury to the craftsman, and inadvertent damage to the buffer tubes or other cable components may occur. Consequently, there is a long-felt need for a solution to the problem of removing binders and tapes from fiber optic cables.
Obiects of the Invention Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a fiber optic cable which includes one or more -binders, but does not require the use of a cutting tool to cut the one or more binders, so that the binder removal procedure is not time consuming, and injury to the craftsman and inadvertent damage to the buffer tubes or other cable components is avoided.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a fiber optic cable which includes at least one water swellable tape, but does not require the use of a cutting tool to cut the at least one water swellable tape, so that injury to the 3s craftsman and inadvertent damage to the buffer tubes or other cable components is avoided.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a fiber optic cable which includes a cable core with a cable core binder stranded around the cable core, a water swellable tape with a tape binder which surrounds the water swellable tape, the cable core including a ripcord therein, the ripcord being operative, upon application of a sufficient outwardly directed pulling force, to rip the cable core binder, the water swellable tape, and the tape binder.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a fiber optic cable having a cable core, the cable core includes a cable core binder, a fire-safety tape, a tape binder stranded around the tape, and a ripcord, the ripcord being operative, upon application of a sufficient pulling -force, to rip the cable core binder, the fire-safety tape, and the tape binder.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a fiber optic cable having a binder which is susceptible of being ripped by a ripcord.
Summarv of the Invention In achieving the foregoing objectives, the present invention provides a fiber optic cable having a cable core and a sheath section. The cable core includes a ripcord, the ripcord being operative, upon application of a sufficient pulling force, to rip a cable core binder stranded around buffer tubes of the cable core. Additionally, the ripcord is operative to rip a water swellable tape and a tape binder stranded around the water swellable tape. In accordance with the present invention, a craftsman need not use a cutting tool to cut the cable core binder and/or the water swellable tape, which avoids potential injury to the craftsman and inadver'ent damage to buffer tubes or other cable components.
Moreover, the tape need not be of the water swellable function type, as the invention may be practiced with tapes having other functions, for example, a fire-safety tape, e.g.
. CA 02247677 1998-09-17 , for flame retardance. Further, the ripcord may include a superabsorbent material.
Brief Descri~tion of the Drawinq Fiqures s _ Figure 1 shows an isometric view of a fiber optic cable according to the present invention.
Figure 2 shows a cross sectional view of the fiber optic cable of Figure 1 taken along line 2-2.
Figure 3 shows a section of the fiber optic cable of lo Figure 2.
Figure 4 shows an isometric view of a fiber optic cable with a ripcord according to the present invention after the ripcord has ripped the cable core binder, the water swellable or fire-safety tape, and the tape binder.
Detailed Description of the Invention Referring to Figures 1-4, a fiber optic cable 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described. Fiber optic cable 10 includes a cable core 20 and a sheath section 40. Core section 20 includes buffer tubes 23 with a cable core binder 26 stranded therearound, a water swellable tape 27 surrounds binder 26, and a tape binder 29 is stranded around water swellable tape 27. Cable core 20 includes interstitial assemblies 30 2s disposed in respective interstices S (Figure 2). According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least ~ one of interstitial assemblies 30 includes a ripcord 38 located radially inwardly of cable core binder 26. Ripcord 38 is operative to, upon application of a sufficient outwardly directed pulling force, rip cable core binder 26, water swellable tape 27, and tape binder 29, thereby obviating the need for a cutting tool to do the same. Not using a cutting tool saves time and avoids potential injury to the craftsman and inadvertent damage to buffer tubes or 3s other cable components.
.. . ..
. CA 02247677 1998-09-17 :
Cable core 20 includes a central strength member 21 formed of a dielectric material. Central strength member 21 is surrounded by a conventional water swellable tape 22. A
plurality of buffer tubes 23 surround tape 22. Each buffer tube 23 includes optical fiber ribbons 24 with optical fibers 25 therein. Buffer tubes 23 are preferably S-Z stranded about central strength member 21 in a conventional S-Z
stranding manufacturing process. Where the optical fiber count so requires, dielectric filler rods may be substituted for buffer tubes 23. In either event, cable core 20 is bound together by at least one cable core binder 26. Where more than one binder 26 is stranded about cable core 20, the binders may be counter-helically stranded. In the preferred embodiment, water swellable tape 27 is a spunbonded non-woven polyester tape impregnated with a superabsorbent material.
The present invention, however, extends to fiber optic cables having a tape 27 with an alternative function, the alternative function tape being in lieu of or in addition to water swellable tape 27, for example, a-fire-safety tape comprising a KAPTON or a TEFLON material for flame retardance. Cable core and tape binders 26,29, according to the present invention, are preferably a polyester (PBT) binder of about 1625 denier with a preferably flat or a round cross section, the combination of material and denier for binders 26,29 is advantageous because it renders cable core binder 26 strong enough to bind cable core 20 together, and tape binder 29 strong enough to retain water swellable tape 27 in its place in cable core 20, and yet binders 26,29 are susceptible to being ripped by ripcord 38 upon application of a sufficient pulling force, as is further described below.
As best shown by Figures 2-3, each interstitial assembly 30 comprises a cable reinforcing member, for example, a crush-strength member 31. Crush-strength member 31 is preferably a rod formed of, for example, a low or medium density polyethylene material or a polypropylene material.
Interstitial assemblies 30 also comprise a conventional water . CA 02247677 1998-09-17 swellable member, for example, a commercially available water swellable yarn 36. Water swellable yarn 36 is disposed longitudinally along crush-strength member 31.
According to the present invention, a ripcord 38 is SZ
stranded in cable core 20 as part of at least one interstitial assembly 30. Alternatively, ripcord 38 is longitudinally disposed relative to a longitudinal axis of cable 10. When ripcord 38 is longitudinally disposed relative to a longitudinal axis of cable 10, to facilitate ripping of water swellable tape 27,- ripcord 38 will preferably be placed at an opposed location relative to an overlap of water swellable tape 27. When ripcord 38 is SZ
stranded as part of an interstitial assembly 30, it is positioned along a radially outward surface of crush-strength member 31 but generally beneath cable core binder 26.
Ripcord 38 is preferably a strong material having a bright color and a suitable weight, e.g., ripcord 38 may be a 3000 denier aramid yarn, or a nylon or a polyester material of a suitable denier. According to the present invention, two variables, namely tensile material strength and denier, are respectively balanced between ripcord 38 and binders 26,29.
Preferably, the present invention is practiced with a relatively strong ripcord 38 having both a relatively strong material strength and a relatively large denier, as compared to the respective tensile strengths and deniers of binders 26-,29. Binders 26,29 are thereby rendered strong enough to perform their binding function; on the other hand, binders 26,29 are susceptible to being ripped by ripcord 38 upon application of a sufficient pulling force. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, ripcord 38 is a relatively strong aramid material comprising a range of about 1.5 to 2.5 times the denier of PBT binders 26,29. The preferred denier ratio of 1.5 to 2.5 accounts for the strength ripcord 38 should embody to rip binders 26,29 and tape 27. Alternatively, depending on the relative respective strengths of the materials of ripcord 38 and binders 26,29, and the respective deniers of ripcord 38 and binders 26,29, and the resistance to ripping exhibited by tape or tapes 27, other materials and deniers of ripcord 38 and binders 26,29 may perform satisfactorily according to the teachings of the present invention. A binder 26 or 29 formed of an oriented polymer material may perform well where the binder has a strong tensile strength but yields in shear when ripped by ripcord 38. Binders 26,29 may be weakened, for example, by having perforations formed therein to facilitate ripping lo thereof. Addit~ionally, ripcord 38 may be coated or otherwise treated with a superabsorbent material.
Sheath section 40 includes two ripcords 43 which are located 180 degrees apart relative to the center of fiber optic cable 10. Additionally, sheath section 40 includes tensile strength members 44. An armor tape 45 surrounds ripcord 43 and preferably eight helically stranded dielectric strength members 44. A durable jacket 46 surrounds armor tape 45. Ripcord 43 is arranged to rip armor tape 45 and jacket 46.
When-it is desired to access the optical fibers in fiber optic cable 10, the cable is cut, and ripcord 43 is used to rip jacket 46 and armor tape 45. Strength members 44 are then unwrapped. Next, a sufficient pulling force is applied to ripcord 38 whereby ripcord 38 rips cable core binder 26, water swellable tape 27, and tape binder 29 for facilitating access to optical fibers 24 (Figure 4). Testing of samples made according to the present invention have indicated that the present invention can be used in mid-span access or free end access procedures. The binders may move when the ripcord presses on them, but the ripcord nevertheless ripped them and the tape. A pressure extruded jacket performed well as the extruded jacketing material acted to fix the binders against movement as the ripcord ripped them. In view of the foregoing, a craftsman need not use a cutting tool to cut binders and/or tape, which saves time and avoids potential , injury to the craftsman and inadvertent damage to buffer tubes or other cable components.
The present invention has thus been described with reference to the foregoing embodiments, which embodiments are intended to be illustrative of the inventive concept rather than limiting. Persons of skill in the art will appreciate that variations and modifications of the foregoing embodiments may be made without departing from the scope of the appended claims. For example, the ripcord and binders lo according to the present invention can be adapted for use with one or more binders stranded around a bundle of optical fibers (not shown).
Claims (27)
1. A fiber optic cable, said fiber optic cable comprising:
a cable core having at least one optical fiber, said cable core including a cable core binder stranded around the cable core;
a water swellable tape with a tape binder surrounding the water swellable tape;
the cable core including a ripcord, the ripcord being operative, upon application of a sufficient pulling force, to rip the cable core binder, the water swellable tape, and the tape binder for facilitating access to said at least one optical fiber.
a cable core having at least one optical fiber, said cable core including a cable core binder stranded around the cable core;
a water swellable tape with a tape binder surrounding the water swellable tape;
the cable core including a ripcord, the ripcord being operative, upon application of a sufficient pulling force, to rip the cable core binder, the water swellable tape, and the tape binder for facilitating access to said at least one optical fiber.
2. The fiber optic cable of claim 1, wherein said ripcord is longitudinally disposed in the cable core.
3. The fiber optic cable of claim 1, wherein said ripcord includes a superabsorbent material.
4. The fiber optic cable of claim 1, wherein said ripcord comprises a relatively strong tensile strength and a relatively large denier, as compared to the respective tensile strengths and deniers of said cable core and tape binders.
5. The fiber optic cable of claim 1, wherein said ripcord is disposed along a crush-strength member.
6. A fiber optic cable, said fiber optic cable comprising:
a cable core having at least one optical fiber, said cable core including a cable core binder stranded around the cable core;
a cable core binder, said cable core binder being disposed about said cable core;
the cable core including a ripcord, the ripcord being operative, upon application of a sufficient pulling force, to rip the cable core binder for facilitating access to said at least one optical fiber.
a cable core having at least one optical fiber, said cable core including a cable core binder stranded around the cable core;
a cable core binder, said cable core binder being disposed about said cable core;
the cable core including a ripcord, the ripcord being operative, upon application of a sufficient pulling force, to rip the cable core binder for facilitating access to said at least one optical fiber.
7. The fiber optic cable of claim 6, wherein said ripcord is longitudinally disposed in said cable core.
8. The fiber optic cable of claim 6, wherein said ripcord includes a superabsorbent material.
9. The fiber optic cable of claim 6, wherein said ripcord comprises a relatively strong tensile strength and a relatively large denier, as compared to the tensile strength and denier of said cable core binder.
10. The fiber optic cable of claim 6, wherein said ripcord is disposed along a crush-strength member.
11 11. A fiber optic cable, said fiber optic cable comprising:
a cable core having at least one optical fiber;
a water swellable tape surrounding said cable core;
the cable core including a ripcord therein, the ripcord being operative, upon application of a sufficient outwardly directed pulling force, to rip the water swellable tape for facilitating access to said at least one optical fiber.
a cable core having at least one optical fiber;
a water swellable tape surrounding said cable core;
the cable core including a ripcord therein, the ripcord being operative, upon application of a sufficient outwardly directed pulling force, to rip the water swellable tape for facilitating access to said at least one optical fiber.
12. The fiber optic cable of claim 11, wherein said ripcord is longitudinally disposed in said cable core.
13. The fiber optic cable of claim 11, wherein said ripcord includes a superabsorbent material.
14. The fiber optic cable of claim 11, wherein said ripcord is disposed along a crush-strength member.
15. A fiber optic cable, comprising:
a cable core, said cable core includes a cable core binder, a tape, and a tape binder stranded around the tape; and a ripcord, said ripcord comprising part of said cable core, said ripcord being operative, upon application of a sufficient pulling force, to rip said cable core binder, said tape, and said tape binder.
a cable core, said cable core includes a cable core binder, a tape, and a tape binder stranded around the tape; and a ripcord, said ripcord comprising part of said cable core, said ripcord being operative, upon application of a sufficient pulling force, to rip said cable core binder, said tape, and said tape binder.
16. The fiber optic cable of claim 15, wherein said tape comprises a water swellable tape.
17. The fiber optic cable of claim 15, wherein said tape comprises a flame retardant tape.
18. The fiber optic cable of claim 15, wherein said ripcord is disposed along a crush-strength member.
19. The fiber optic cable of claim 15, wherein said ripcord includes a superabsorbent material.
20. The fiber optic cable of claim 15, wherein said ripcord comprises a relatively strong tensile strength and a relatively large denier, as compared to the relative tensile strengths and deniers of said cable core and tape binders.
21. The fiber optic cable of claim 15, wherein said ripcord is disposed along a crush-strength member.
22. A fiber optic cable, comprising:
a cable core, said cable core comprising a plurality of buffer tubes disposed about a central member, a cable core binder being stranded about said buffer tubes, said buffer tubes being surrounded by a water swellable tape, a tape binder being stranded about said water swellable tape, said cable core section further includes a water ripcord, said ripcord being operative, upon application of a sufficient pulling force, to rip said cable core binder, said water swellable tape, and said tape binder.
a cable core, said cable core comprising a plurality of buffer tubes disposed about a central member, a cable core binder being stranded about said buffer tubes, said buffer tubes being surrounded by a water swellable tape, a tape binder being stranded about said water swellable tape, said cable core section further includes a water ripcord, said ripcord being operative, upon application of a sufficient pulling force, to rip said cable core binder, said water swellable tape, and said tape binder.
23. The fiber optic cable of claim 22, wherein said ripcord is disposed along a crush-strength member.
24. The fiber optic cable of claim 22, wherein said ripcord includes a superabsorbent material.
25. The fiber optic cable of claim 22, wherein said ripcord comprises a relatively strong tensile strength and a relatively large denier, as compared to the relative tensile strengths and deniers of said cable core and tape binders.
26. The fiber optic cable of claim 22, wherein said ripcord is disposed along a crush-strength member.
27. A fiber optic cable, comprising:
at least one optical fiber, said at least one optical fiber being stranded by at least one binder;
a ripcord interposed between said binder and said ripcord;
said ripcord being of an overall greater strength than said binder, whereby upon application of a sufficient pulling force, said ripcord rips said binder for access to said at least one optical fiber.
at least one optical fiber, said at least one optical fiber being stranded by at least one binder;
a ripcord interposed between said binder and said ripcord;
said ripcord being of an overall greater strength than said binder, whereby upon application of a sufficient pulling force, said ripcord rips said binder for access to said at least one optical fiber.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/940,327 | 1997-09-30 | ||
| US08/940,327 US6088499A (en) | 1997-09-30 | 1997-09-30 | Fiber optic cable with ripcord |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2247677A1 true CA2247677A1 (en) | 1999-03-30 |
Family
ID=25474638
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002247677A Abandoned CA2247677A1 (en) | 1997-09-30 | 1998-09-17 | Fiber optic cable with ripcord |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6088499A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2247677A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US6088499A (en) | 2000-07-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| FZDE | Discontinued |