CA2269733C - System and method for improved paging and location updating of mobile subscribers - Google Patents
System and method for improved paging and location updating of mobile subscribers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2269733C CA2269733C CA002269733A CA2269733A CA2269733C CA 2269733 C CA2269733 C CA 2269733C CA 002269733 A CA002269733 A CA 002269733A CA 2269733 A CA2269733 A CA 2269733A CA 2269733 C CA2269733 C CA 2269733C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- mobile station
- home
- area
- location
- areas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W8/00—Network data management
- H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
- H04W8/06—Registration at serving network Location Register, VLR or user mobility server
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
- H04W92/02—Inter-networking arrangements
Abstract
A system and method for maintaining the home and visiting location records of a subscriber in a single-, dual- or multi-mode telecommunications system. Upon leaving the home system. an associated record is made of the new location within the visiting system, and a timer initiated. Paging of the subscriber is routed according to the presence of the associated record and unexpired timer. indicating the visiting system, and expired timer, indicating return to the home system.
Description
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR IMPROVED PAGING
AND LOCATION UPDATING OF MOBILE SUBSCRIBERS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention The present invention relates generally to a telecommunications system and method for improved location updating and paging, particularly, to a telecommunications system and method for improved location updating and paging of subscribers within a single-, dual- or multi-mode telecommunications system.
Backaround and 9bjects of the Present Invention The evolution of wireless communication over the past century, since Guglielmo Marconi's 1897 demonstration of radio's ability to provide continuous contact with ships sailing the English Channel, has been remarkable. Since Marconi's discovery, new wireline and wireless communication methods, services and standards have been adopted by people throughout the world. This evolution has been accelerating, particularly over the last ten years, during which the mobile radio communications industry has grown by orders of magnitude, fueled by numerous technological advances that have made portable radio equipment smaller, cheaper and more reliable. The exponential growth of mobile telephony will continue to rise in the coming decades as well, as this wireless network interacts with and eventually overtakes the existing wireline networks.
Numerous telecommunications systems have been . 30 designed to implement wireless telephony, e.a., the Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS) cellular system in the United States, the Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) system in Northern Europe, and more recently the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and DCS 1800 digital systems. All of the above systems are terrestrial systems, i.e., having earth-based as opposed to satellite-based transmissions.
The Association of SouthEast Asian Nation's (ASEAN) Cellular Satellite (ACeS) system is such a satellite-based Digital Mobile Satellite (DMS) system providing telephone coverage by use of a geo-stationary satellite. Although still in the specification stage, ACeS is essentially an adaption of the popular GSM specification. Expected to be deployed over SouthEast Asia, ACeS would provide coverage to areas having limited land-line and cellular infrastructures, allowing use of hand-held pocket phones across Asia. When deployed, the satellite footprint of the ACeS system will allow service from India to Japan and from Northern China to Indonesia using a large number of spot beams.
In geographical areas covered by both an earth-based and by a satellite-based system, the subscribers to a terrestrial system, such as GSM, and a satellite system, such as ACeS, may need to switch to the other "mode" of transmission. Accordingly, the subscribers' mobile phones need to have dual-mode capability to operate in and switch between the two modes of the two systems. For example, in a satellite-based system such as ACeS, the mobile unit may be taken into a large building or other structure or tunnel which interferes with or blocks satellite communication. If it is a dual-mode device, the mobile phone can detect a signal interference problem and automatically switch to the terrestrial system offering a better signal. Conversely, a GSM user may switch to ACeS in those areas, e.g., undeveloped areas, with poor infrastructures to support GSM transmissions.
Interworking pairs of terrestrial-based and satellite-based systems, such as GSM and ACeS, advantageously offer such dual-mode capability. A problem has arisen, however, in the interworking between these diverse systems as a result of the attempts by ACeS' designers to adhere to GSM
standards.
AND LOCATION UPDATING OF MOBILE SUBSCRIBERS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention The present invention relates generally to a telecommunications system and method for improved location updating and paging, particularly, to a telecommunications system and method for improved location updating and paging of subscribers within a single-, dual- or multi-mode telecommunications system.
Backaround and 9bjects of the Present Invention The evolution of wireless communication over the past century, since Guglielmo Marconi's 1897 demonstration of radio's ability to provide continuous contact with ships sailing the English Channel, has been remarkable. Since Marconi's discovery, new wireline and wireless communication methods, services and standards have been adopted by people throughout the world. This evolution has been accelerating, particularly over the last ten years, during which the mobile radio communications industry has grown by orders of magnitude, fueled by numerous technological advances that have made portable radio equipment smaller, cheaper and more reliable. The exponential growth of mobile telephony will continue to rise in the coming decades as well, as this wireless network interacts with and eventually overtakes the existing wireline networks.
Numerous telecommunications systems have been . 30 designed to implement wireless telephony, e.a., the Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS) cellular system in the United States, the Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) system in Northern Europe, and more recently the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and DCS 1800 digital systems. All of the above systems are terrestrial systems, i.e., having earth-based as opposed to satellite-based transmissions.
The Association of SouthEast Asian Nation's (ASEAN) Cellular Satellite (ACeS) system is such a satellite-based Digital Mobile Satellite (DMS) system providing telephone coverage by use of a geo-stationary satellite. Although still in the specification stage, ACeS is essentially an adaption of the popular GSM specification. Expected to be deployed over SouthEast Asia, ACeS would provide coverage to areas having limited land-line and cellular infrastructures, allowing use of hand-held pocket phones across Asia. When deployed, the satellite footprint of the ACeS system will allow service from India to Japan and from Northern China to Indonesia using a large number of spot beams.
In geographical areas covered by both an earth-based and by a satellite-based system, the subscribers to a terrestrial system, such as GSM, and a satellite system, such as ACeS, may need to switch to the other "mode" of transmission. Accordingly, the subscribers' mobile phones need to have dual-mode capability to operate in and switch between the two modes of the two systems. For example, in a satellite-based system such as ACeS, the mobile unit may be taken into a large building or other structure or tunnel which interferes with or blocks satellite communication. If it is a dual-mode device, the mobile phone can detect a signal interference problem and automatically switch to the terrestrial system offering a better signal. Conversely, a GSM user may switch to ACeS in those areas, e.g., undeveloped areas, with poor infrastructures to support GSM transmissions.
Interworking pairs of terrestrial-based and satellite-based systems, such as GSM and ACeS, advantageously offer such dual-mode capability. A problem has arisen, however, in the interworking between these diverse systems as a result of the attempts by ACeS' designers to adhere to GSM
standards.
One of these problems is that upon transfer from one system to the other, e_a., from ACeS to GSM, the GSM
system does not handle the subscription record of the ACeS
subscriber any differently than that of a GSM subscriber.
Thus, instead of distinguishing the visiting mobile user as a non-GSM user, the GSM system treats the visiting ACeS
subscriber and their mobile registration information as an extension of the GSM system, and, in accordance with GSM protocol, location update information is transmitted back to the ACeS system, overwriting the mobile registration therein with GSM location information. Since the ACeS registration information has been deleted, upon return of the mobile from GSM to ACeS, re-registration in the ACeS system is necessary with the requisite exchange of information between the mobile and other earth-based equipment through the orbiting satellite, causing delay and increased signal traffic within ACeS. Such generated location update traffic, however, has the capacity to exceed the estimated signaling capability of the ACeS
network, and would place a serious load on the whole system. If, alternatively, location update traffic is restricted, the mobiles would then be out of reach and the paging performance of the ACeS or other such satellite network poor.
This problem is exacerbated by the fact that GSM is an established system, making any modifications thereto difficult, unconventional and costly. Since DMS systems, such as ACeS, are still in the specification and development stage, however, solutions to this and other interworking problems are better handled by modifications = to these presently more flexibly defined DMS systems.
Additionally, because of the aforementioned = communications difficulties within DMS systems, subscribers in single-mode systems such as ACeS may encounter the same problems along location or service area borders within ACeS, whereby excessive non-speech over-the-air traffic may overload the system.
system does not handle the subscription record of the ACeS
subscriber any differently than that of a GSM subscriber.
Thus, instead of distinguishing the visiting mobile user as a non-GSM user, the GSM system treats the visiting ACeS
subscriber and their mobile registration information as an extension of the GSM system, and, in accordance with GSM protocol, location update information is transmitted back to the ACeS system, overwriting the mobile registration therein with GSM location information. Since the ACeS registration information has been deleted, upon return of the mobile from GSM to ACeS, re-registration in the ACeS system is necessary with the requisite exchange of information between the mobile and other earth-based equipment through the orbiting satellite, causing delay and increased signal traffic within ACeS. Such generated location update traffic, however, has the capacity to exceed the estimated signaling capability of the ACeS
network, and would place a serious load on the whole system. If, alternatively, location update traffic is restricted, the mobiles would then be out of reach and the paging performance of the ACeS or other such satellite network poor.
This problem is exacerbated by the fact that GSM is an established system, making any modifications thereto difficult, unconventional and costly. Since DMS systems, such as ACeS, are still in the specification and development stage, however, solutions to this and other interworking problems are better handled by modifications = to these presently more flexibly defined DMS systems.
Additionally, because of the aforementioned = communications difficulties within DMS systems, subscribers in single-mode systems such as ACeS may encounter the same problems along location or service area borders within ACeS, whereby excessive non-speech over-the-air traffic may overload the system.
Leung (EP 0 702 497) describes a method for updating subscriber information utilizing multiple versions of a subscriber's registration record stored in both a home database and a visitor database. A version number field is associated with each version so as to identify the version of the record referred to by queries of on-going calls. Upon receipt of update information, the home database updates the version of the record associated with a transmitted version number, while maintaining at all database sites older versions for query access by previous calls. The older versions of the record are maintained at each database site until after all previous calls querying the older version have been processed. Once all associated calls are processed, the older version of the record is deleted. Although Leung provides for consistent call routing and signaling information by allowing queries for a call to access the same version of a record, Leung does not address switching between subscriber registration records in a single-, dual- or multi-mode telecommunication system so as to alleviate signal traffic problems caused by increased location updates.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to modify DMS systems, such as the presently developed ACeS system, to ameliorate or overcome the aforedescribed signal traffic problems caused by increased location updates.
It is an additional object of the present invention to modify DMS systems, such as ACeS, to decrease location updates by maintaining a second location address of an ACeS subscriber, where the home location or service area of the subscriber is preserved while the subscriber visits another location or service area within the DMS or other system where non-speech over-the-air traffic must be limited.
It is a further object of the present invention to decrease location updates by maintaining dual location AM~N9~~ SN~~~
4a addresses of a subscriber in a dual-mode -telecommunications system, such as a satellite-based ACeS and earth-based GSM
pair, where the home address of the subscriber in their home system is preserved while the subscriber visits the other system.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a system and method for maintaining the home and visiting location records of a subscriber in a single-, dual- or multi-mode telecommunications system. Upon leaving the home system, an associated record is made of the new location within the visiting system, and a timer initiated. Paging of the subscriber is routed according to the presence of the associated record and unexpired timer, indicating the visiting system, and expired timer, indicating a possible return to the home system.
More specifically, the present. invention provides a telecommunications system having a plurality of separate areas therein, a home location register for the system and handling information of the plurality of areas, and a mobile station operable within the areas, one of the areas being a home area in which the mobile station is based, the home location register being adapted to store location information of the mobile station within the home area in a location record within the home location register, circuitry within the home location register and the mobile station for location updating, the circuitry comprising an associated location record within the home location register for storing location information transmitted by the mobile station visiting another of the plurality of areas, and an associated timer within the home location register, the associated timer being set upon transfer of 4b the mobile station from the home area to the another area, wherein the mobile station initiates returning to the home area when the time on the associated timer has expired.
The present invention also provides a method for location updating a mobile station in a telecommunications system having a plurality of separate areas therein, the system including a home location register handling information of the plurality of areas, one of the areas corresponding to a home area in`which the mobile station is based, location information, of the mobile station within the home area being stored in a location record within the home location register, the mobile station being operable within the plurality of separate areas, the method comprising the steps of transmitting, upon a switch by the mobile station from the home area to another of the plurality of areas, from the mobile station to the home location register location information of the mobile station within the another area, and storing, within the home location register, the location information of the another area in an associated location record therein, wherein the home location register includes an associated timer therein, the associated timer being set upon transfer of the mobile station from the home area to the another area, wherein the mobile station initiates returning to the home area when the time in the associated timer has expired.
A more complete appreciation of the present invention and the scope thereof can be obtained from the accompanying drawings, which are briefly summarized below, and the.
following detailed description of the presently-preferred embodiments of the invention.
WO 98/26fS PCT/US9T119536 :
t t FIGURE 1 is a block diagram of a conventionaldual-dual-mode telecommunications system and method;
FIGURE 2 is a block diagram of a dual-mode telecommunications system and method in accordance with the present invention which is different from FIGURE 1 in that dual location records and a timer are maintained in the home location register for each subscriber; and FIGURE 3 is a flow chart representing the steps followed by the telecommunications system in handling various system access operations.
DBTAILED DESCRIPTION OF THB PREFERRED ZMBODIMCITS
The present invention will now be described more fully. hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments.of the invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will_be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
With reference now to FIGURE 1 of the drawings, there.
is illustrated a conventional telecommunication system 8 offering dual-mode capability between two different networks, ~e., a first Service Area (SAl) pertaining to a first digital communications network and a second Service Area (SA2) pertaining to a second and different digital communications network. For example, the first network SAl may be a satellite-based system such as ACeS
and the second network SA2 may be a terrestrial-based system such as GSM. It should, of course, be understood that the two. networks are preferably substantially co-terminus, 1~., they overlay and complement one another, = = CA 02269733 1999-04-23 eTa., the footprint of the ACeS system substantially covers the same geographic territory (or a discrete portion thereof) of the GSM infrastructure, and a dual-mode subscriber, having the requisite dual-mode telephone, may switch therebetween. It should further be understood that the two "networks" may instead constitute two different service areas or other such geographical divisions within a given system, e;a., two service areas of a satellite-based system or an earth-based system, as will be described more fully hereinafter.
With further reference to FIGURE 1, there is shown a mobile station 10, such as a dual-mode cellular phone, which has switched from operating within the first digital network SAl (ACeS) to the second network SA2 (GSM). It is understood that while within SAl or ACeS mobile 10 communicated with the first network SAl through at least one Mobile Services Switching Center (MSC), therein, such as MSC 12, and its associated Visitor Location Register (VLR) 14. In particular, mobile 10 communicated with a base station 16 within the SAl network and across a link 18 to the MSC 12 and VLR 14, which is a database containing information about all subscribers currently located and active within its service area, e.g., SAl or a portion thereof such as a plurality of conventional location areas and cells therein.
After the switch or transfer to SA2 (GSM), as shown in FIGURE 1, the mobile 10 no longer communicates with the first network SAl (ACeS) and instead communicates, through another base station 20 and link 22, to another MSC 24 and VLR 26 associated with the GSM network. It should be understood that mobile 10 communicates with the base stations over the air via a satellite (not shown) in the case of the ACeS base station 16, and directly to the GSM
base station 20, as shown in the figures.
In the dual-mode system 8, one or several Home Location Registers (HLR) 28 maintain a database of information about all registered subscribers in the system, i.e., all subscribers within the dual, co-terminus SAl and SA2 networks. Accordingly, user profiles, current subscriber location, and other information are stored within a given HLR 28 for every dual-mode subscriber. It should be understood that in a single-mode embodiment of the present invention, the HLR 28 database contains information on all subscribers within the single-mode but multi-service area system. With reference again to FIGURE
1 for example, prior to switching to SA2 (GSM), the HLR
28 contained a field within the registration information about the subscriber's current and last-known location, i.e., the geographic location within ACeS, about how to contact the mobile station 10 of the subscriber within the ACeS network. This subscriber location information is preferably stored within the HLR 28 in a location record 28A therein, shown in FIGURE 1. Upon the switch, this information must of course be modified so that contact with the mobile 10 is maintained.
It should also be understood that the VLRs 14 and 28, each linked to one or more MSCs, temporarily stores subscription data for those subscribers currently situated in the service area of the corresponding MSC(s), as well as holding data on their location at a more precise level than the HLR 28.
It should also be understood that when the mobile station 10 first connects to the MSC 24/VLR 26 pair of the SA2 network, the VLR 26 verifies data about the particular subscriber from his home location register, i.e., from HLR
28 in FIGURE 1. VLR 26 simultaneously updates the HLR 28 as to the current location of the mobile station 10 within the respective network, SA2 or ACeS. This Location Update (LU) request is forwarded by the VLR 26 to the HLR 28, which then updates its record, including location record 28A, for that subscriber accordingly. Preferably, the update location information sent to the HLR 28 contains the MSC 24/VLR 26 identity, i.e., an indication of the particular geographic Service Area of the operator = CA 02269733 1999-04-23 providing the service, which is then stored in the location record 28A within HLR 28. Normally, the new Service Area Information (SAI) overwrites the old SAI data stored in record 28A in HLR 28.
With further reference to the conventional telecommunication system 8 shown in FIGURE 1, a series of numbers are depicted each representing a corresponding step, as will be described hereinafter. The mobile station 10, upon switching to the new service area SA2, recognizes the change and initiates an update request (circled step 1 as illustrated). Base sation 20 receives the transmitted request and forwards it to the MSC/VLR
servicing the area, MSC 24 and VLR 26, for processing.
After determining that the mobile station 10 is new to the region controlled by the MSC 24/VLR 26, i.e., that subscriber is not currently located and active within the region covered by that MSC/VLR, VLR 26 forwards the update request, including the LU therefor, to the HLR 28 (circled step 2 as illustrated). The HLR 28 then processes the update request and overwrites the "old" SAI in record 28A, i.e., the service area identity within the previously used SAl (GSM) network, with the new SAI for the SA2 (ACeS) network (step 3 as illustrated). Acceptance of the update request is then forwarded by the HLR 28 back to the MSC 24/VLR 26 (step 4 as illustrated), to the base station 20 and then to the mobile station 10 (step 5 as illustrated).
The HLR 28 also informs the "old" MSC/VLR, i.e., MSC
12 and VLR 14 of the SAl (GSM) network, of the mobile station's 10 change to the new MSC/VLR (step 6 as illustrated) and to cancel the subscriber information therein. It should be understood that switches as discussed above, i.e., from a GSM network to an ACeS
network, are treated the same as switched between discrete cells or location areas within a GSM system, and the duality between the two modes in the dual-mode system ~_ _ shown in FIGURE 1 is supported by ACeS' close adherence to GSM standards.
Accordingly, in the case of the conventional dual-mode telecommunications system 8 shown in FIGURE 1, the mobile station 10 is now paged only within the region specified within the record 28A of the HLR 28 (and information within VLR 26), i.e., an incoming call is processed within the new area or SA2 only (step 7 as illustrated). It should therefore be understood that although the subscription may be dual, paging is limited to only one of the dual systems at one time, particularly, to the subscriber address stored in location record 28A.
As far as the system 8 is concerned, the subscriber can only be in the particular system specified in record 28A
and no paging is performed in the alternate dual system associated therewith.
Also, upon the return of the mobile station 10 to the original service area, i.e., SA1, the "old" subscriber information in the HLR 28 and in the MSC 12/VLR 14 is gone, having been cancelled in response to the HLR's 28 notice of change (the aforedescribed step 6). Thus, the mobile station 10 must resubscribe to the SAl (GSM) network to be reachable therein (and unsubscribed to SA2).
This, of course, means that the HLR 28 must utilize a geographically local MSC/VLR, which may be the original MSC 12 and VLR 14, which will again update the location record 28A within the HLR 28, as described above, by forwarding the appropriate SAI (step 8 as illustrated).
In this manner, mobile station 10 is now reachable only within the SAl (or GSM) network.
it is, therefore, apparent that subscribers within a dual-mode telecommunications system 8 may create a large amount of location update traffic under various circumstances and, as discussed, may even overwhelm the more limited signaling capacity of an ACeS system.
Heretofore, this compatibility problem has not been addressed and no one has set forth a solution to this ^ = CA 02269733 1999-04-23 problem until now. The subject matter of the present invention is, accordingly, directed to this very solution.
Also, because the aforementioned limitations on the signal capacity may be present within a single-mode DMS system, the subject matter of the present invention is also directed to this problem as well.
Shown in FIGURE 2 is an improved telecommunication system 30, similar to the dual-mode system 8 shown in FIGURE 1 and sharing many reference numbers therewith.
Instead of completely overwriting the "old" subscription record, particularly, the SAI of the previous system, however, the HLR 28 according to the present invention maintains the old SAI so that when the user returns, such as to their home or subscribed-to system, re-registration is unnecessary. In this manner, location update traffic is minimized in an interworking system, such as GSM and ACeS, or more"generically SAl and SA2 illustrated in the figures.
As in FIGURE 1, a series of numbers are depicted in FIGURE 2, each number representing a corresponding step, as will be described hereinafter. As in the conventional system 8, the mobile station 10 recognizes a switch to a new system, i.e., from SAl to SA2, and initiates an update request (circled step 1 as illustrated). VLR 26 then forwards the update request, including the new SAI, to the HLR 28, as described above (step 2) However, instead of processing and overwriting the "old" SAI and other information in location record 28A, as in the conventional embodiment, the HLR 28 of the present invention stores the "new" SAI and related information in a separate location record 28B (step 3), keeping the "old" information intact for later reference, such as upon returning to the home system. Acceptance is then forwarded by the HLR 28 to the MSC 24/VLR 26 (step 4) and to the mobile station 10 (step 5). No cancellation message is forwarded to MSC 12/VLR
14, however, as in FIGURE 1. Accordingly, the mobile station 10 may now be paged within either or both systems through the respective MSC/VLR pairs in the dual system and the corresponding base stations therein (step 6).
Upon the return of the mobile station 10 to the original or home service area, i.e., SAl, the "old"
subscriber information in the MSC 12/VLR 14 is still there. Accordingly, resubscription is unnecessary and the mobile station 10, being known, can pickup where it left off. It should be understood, however, that because of subscriber movement while within the co-terminus network, i.e., SA2, the mobile station 10 may now be located geographically remote from the position in SAl where it was upon switching to SA2. Thus, a different MSC/VLR or different base station (or cell) within SAl may be utilized as is understood by one skilled in the art.
A particular dual-mode ACeS/GSM (or other satellite-terrestrial) mobile station 10 may have a home subscription in either system, managed by a HLR 28 where current SAI and other information is stored. A mobile 10 served by a non-preferred network, say a mobile with an ACeS-based subscription operating in GSM, will preferably periodically attempt to return to or receive service within the preferred network, ACeS, the periodicity being implemented by a non-preferred-network internal timer within the mobile 10. The period of time in the internal timer being set to a given visitation time, which upon expiration thereof the mobile station 10 will attempt to return to the home network automatically. It should be understood, however, that the subscriber may manually initiate the return to the home system at any time. In accordance with the present invention, whenever a non-preferred network is used, i.e., an associated SAI is stored in record 28B of the HLR 28 for that subscriber, the HLR 28 initiates an associated timer 32 for that subscriber, e.g., to a default visitation time, by which upon expiration thereof, the mobile station may have returned home, as will be described more fully hereinafter.
^ CA 02269733 1999-04-23 For a satellite-based subscription, such as a subscriber within ACeS, when the mobile station 10 visits and registers in the alternate terrestrial-mode network, such as GSM, the SAI in GSM is stored within the associated record 28B in HLR 28 and the timer 32 initiated. It should be understood that the internal timer within the mobile station 10 is also initiated as described. When the mobile returns to ACeS after expiration of the aforementioned time period set in timer 32, the internal timer or otherwise, the ACeS SAI remains in record 28A and no LU is necessary. It should, therefore, be understood that those mobile stations 10, having associated records 28B in the HLR 28 and non-zero times remaining on timer 32, are most likely still visiting within the GSM network and are paged there first, then in ACeS. Alternatively, mobiles with associated records 28B and expired times are assumed to have returned to ACeS and are paged there first, then in GSM. The timer 32 is preferably re-started only after a subsequent successful GSM registration. If at any time the mobile station 10 responds to a page, initiates a call or causes a new LU in the ACeS network, then the associated record 28B is preferably released and the timer 32 cleared if still running. Thereafter, the mobile 10 is paged only in the ACeS network.
In this manner, the number of LUs within an ACeS or other limited-capacity network are kept to a minimum while maintaining subscriber pageability at all times. With proper setting of the non-preferred network timer 32 (and the internal timer also), dual-mode mobile stations 10 will be paged in only one of the dual networks most of the time, i.e., the paging system correctly selects the currently used network. It should be understood that the duration of time on timer 32 may be variable and could be a network decision based on local ACeS and GSM coverage and traffic characteristics and broadcasted as an ACeS
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to modify DMS systems, such as the presently developed ACeS system, to ameliorate or overcome the aforedescribed signal traffic problems caused by increased location updates.
It is an additional object of the present invention to modify DMS systems, such as ACeS, to decrease location updates by maintaining a second location address of an ACeS subscriber, where the home location or service area of the subscriber is preserved while the subscriber visits another location or service area within the DMS or other system where non-speech over-the-air traffic must be limited.
It is a further object of the present invention to decrease location updates by maintaining dual location AM~N9~~ SN~~~
4a addresses of a subscriber in a dual-mode -telecommunications system, such as a satellite-based ACeS and earth-based GSM
pair, where the home address of the subscriber in their home system is preserved while the subscriber visits the other system.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a system and method for maintaining the home and visiting location records of a subscriber in a single-, dual- or multi-mode telecommunications system. Upon leaving the home system, an associated record is made of the new location within the visiting system, and a timer initiated. Paging of the subscriber is routed according to the presence of the associated record and unexpired timer, indicating the visiting system, and expired timer, indicating a possible return to the home system.
More specifically, the present. invention provides a telecommunications system having a plurality of separate areas therein, a home location register for the system and handling information of the plurality of areas, and a mobile station operable within the areas, one of the areas being a home area in which the mobile station is based, the home location register being adapted to store location information of the mobile station within the home area in a location record within the home location register, circuitry within the home location register and the mobile station for location updating, the circuitry comprising an associated location record within the home location register for storing location information transmitted by the mobile station visiting another of the plurality of areas, and an associated timer within the home location register, the associated timer being set upon transfer of 4b the mobile station from the home area to the another area, wherein the mobile station initiates returning to the home area when the time on the associated timer has expired.
The present invention also provides a method for location updating a mobile station in a telecommunications system having a plurality of separate areas therein, the system including a home location register handling information of the plurality of areas, one of the areas corresponding to a home area in`which the mobile station is based, location information, of the mobile station within the home area being stored in a location record within the home location register, the mobile station being operable within the plurality of separate areas, the method comprising the steps of transmitting, upon a switch by the mobile station from the home area to another of the plurality of areas, from the mobile station to the home location register location information of the mobile station within the another area, and storing, within the home location register, the location information of the another area in an associated location record therein, wherein the home location register includes an associated timer therein, the associated timer being set upon transfer of the mobile station from the home area to the another area, wherein the mobile station initiates returning to the home area when the time in the associated timer has expired.
A more complete appreciation of the present invention and the scope thereof can be obtained from the accompanying drawings, which are briefly summarized below, and the.
following detailed description of the presently-preferred embodiments of the invention.
WO 98/26fS PCT/US9T119536 :
t t FIGURE 1 is a block diagram of a conventionaldual-dual-mode telecommunications system and method;
FIGURE 2 is a block diagram of a dual-mode telecommunications system and method in accordance with the present invention which is different from FIGURE 1 in that dual location records and a timer are maintained in the home location register for each subscriber; and FIGURE 3 is a flow chart representing the steps followed by the telecommunications system in handling various system access operations.
DBTAILED DESCRIPTION OF THB PREFERRED ZMBODIMCITS
The present invention will now be described more fully. hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments.of the invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will_be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
With reference now to FIGURE 1 of the drawings, there.
is illustrated a conventional telecommunication system 8 offering dual-mode capability between two different networks, ~e., a first Service Area (SAl) pertaining to a first digital communications network and a second Service Area (SA2) pertaining to a second and different digital communications network. For example, the first network SAl may be a satellite-based system such as ACeS
and the second network SA2 may be a terrestrial-based system such as GSM. It should, of course, be understood that the two. networks are preferably substantially co-terminus, 1~., they overlay and complement one another, = = CA 02269733 1999-04-23 eTa., the footprint of the ACeS system substantially covers the same geographic territory (or a discrete portion thereof) of the GSM infrastructure, and a dual-mode subscriber, having the requisite dual-mode telephone, may switch therebetween. It should further be understood that the two "networks" may instead constitute two different service areas or other such geographical divisions within a given system, e;a., two service areas of a satellite-based system or an earth-based system, as will be described more fully hereinafter.
With further reference to FIGURE 1, there is shown a mobile station 10, such as a dual-mode cellular phone, which has switched from operating within the first digital network SAl (ACeS) to the second network SA2 (GSM). It is understood that while within SAl or ACeS mobile 10 communicated with the first network SAl through at least one Mobile Services Switching Center (MSC), therein, such as MSC 12, and its associated Visitor Location Register (VLR) 14. In particular, mobile 10 communicated with a base station 16 within the SAl network and across a link 18 to the MSC 12 and VLR 14, which is a database containing information about all subscribers currently located and active within its service area, e.g., SAl or a portion thereof such as a plurality of conventional location areas and cells therein.
After the switch or transfer to SA2 (GSM), as shown in FIGURE 1, the mobile 10 no longer communicates with the first network SAl (ACeS) and instead communicates, through another base station 20 and link 22, to another MSC 24 and VLR 26 associated with the GSM network. It should be understood that mobile 10 communicates with the base stations over the air via a satellite (not shown) in the case of the ACeS base station 16, and directly to the GSM
base station 20, as shown in the figures.
In the dual-mode system 8, one or several Home Location Registers (HLR) 28 maintain a database of information about all registered subscribers in the system, i.e., all subscribers within the dual, co-terminus SAl and SA2 networks. Accordingly, user profiles, current subscriber location, and other information are stored within a given HLR 28 for every dual-mode subscriber. It should be understood that in a single-mode embodiment of the present invention, the HLR 28 database contains information on all subscribers within the single-mode but multi-service area system. With reference again to FIGURE
1 for example, prior to switching to SA2 (GSM), the HLR
28 contained a field within the registration information about the subscriber's current and last-known location, i.e., the geographic location within ACeS, about how to contact the mobile station 10 of the subscriber within the ACeS network. This subscriber location information is preferably stored within the HLR 28 in a location record 28A therein, shown in FIGURE 1. Upon the switch, this information must of course be modified so that contact with the mobile 10 is maintained.
It should also be understood that the VLRs 14 and 28, each linked to one or more MSCs, temporarily stores subscription data for those subscribers currently situated in the service area of the corresponding MSC(s), as well as holding data on their location at a more precise level than the HLR 28.
It should also be understood that when the mobile station 10 first connects to the MSC 24/VLR 26 pair of the SA2 network, the VLR 26 verifies data about the particular subscriber from his home location register, i.e., from HLR
28 in FIGURE 1. VLR 26 simultaneously updates the HLR 28 as to the current location of the mobile station 10 within the respective network, SA2 or ACeS. This Location Update (LU) request is forwarded by the VLR 26 to the HLR 28, which then updates its record, including location record 28A, for that subscriber accordingly. Preferably, the update location information sent to the HLR 28 contains the MSC 24/VLR 26 identity, i.e., an indication of the particular geographic Service Area of the operator = CA 02269733 1999-04-23 providing the service, which is then stored in the location record 28A within HLR 28. Normally, the new Service Area Information (SAI) overwrites the old SAI data stored in record 28A in HLR 28.
With further reference to the conventional telecommunication system 8 shown in FIGURE 1, a series of numbers are depicted each representing a corresponding step, as will be described hereinafter. The mobile station 10, upon switching to the new service area SA2, recognizes the change and initiates an update request (circled step 1 as illustrated). Base sation 20 receives the transmitted request and forwards it to the MSC/VLR
servicing the area, MSC 24 and VLR 26, for processing.
After determining that the mobile station 10 is new to the region controlled by the MSC 24/VLR 26, i.e., that subscriber is not currently located and active within the region covered by that MSC/VLR, VLR 26 forwards the update request, including the LU therefor, to the HLR 28 (circled step 2 as illustrated). The HLR 28 then processes the update request and overwrites the "old" SAI in record 28A, i.e., the service area identity within the previously used SAl (GSM) network, with the new SAI for the SA2 (ACeS) network (step 3 as illustrated). Acceptance of the update request is then forwarded by the HLR 28 back to the MSC 24/VLR 26 (step 4 as illustrated), to the base station 20 and then to the mobile station 10 (step 5 as illustrated).
The HLR 28 also informs the "old" MSC/VLR, i.e., MSC
12 and VLR 14 of the SAl (GSM) network, of the mobile station's 10 change to the new MSC/VLR (step 6 as illustrated) and to cancel the subscriber information therein. It should be understood that switches as discussed above, i.e., from a GSM network to an ACeS
network, are treated the same as switched between discrete cells or location areas within a GSM system, and the duality between the two modes in the dual-mode system ~_ _ shown in FIGURE 1 is supported by ACeS' close adherence to GSM standards.
Accordingly, in the case of the conventional dual-mode telecommunications system 8 shown in FIGURE 1, the mobile station 10 is now paged only within the region specified within the record 28A of the HLR 28 (and information within VLR 26), i.e., an incoming call is processed within the new area or SA2 only (step 7 as illustrated). It should therefore be understood that although the subscription may be dual, paging is limited to only one of the dual systems at one time, particularly, to the subscriber address stored in location record 28A.
As far as the system 8 is concerned, the subscriber can only be in the particular system specified in record 28A
and no paging is performed in the alternate dual system associated therewith.
Also, upon the return of the mobile station 10 to the original service area, i.e., SA1, the "old" subscriber information in the HLR 28 and in the MSC 12/VLR 14 is gone, having been cancelled in response to the HLR's 28 notice of change (the aforedescribed step 6). Thus, the mobile station 10 must resubscribe to the SAl (GSM) network to be reachable therein (and unsubscribed to SA2).
This, of course, means that the HLR 28 must utilize a geographically local MSC/VLR, which may be the original MSC 12 and VLR 14, which will again update the location record 28A within the HLR 28, as described above, by forwarding the appropriate SAI (step 8 as illustrated).
In this manner, mobile station 10 is now reachable only within the SAl (or GSM) network.
it is, therefore, apparent that subscribers within a dual-mode telecommunications system 8 may create a large amount of location update traffic under various circumstances and, as discussed, may even overwhelm the more limited signaling capacity of an ACeS system.
Heretofore, this compatibility problem has not been addressed and no one has set forth a solution to this ^ = CA 02269733 1999-04-23 problem until now. The subject matter of the present invention is, accordingly, directed to this very solution.
Also, because the aforementioned limitations on the signal capacity may be present within a single-mode DMS system, the subject matter of the present invention is also directed to this problem as well.
Shown in FIGURE 2 is an improved telecommunication system 30, similar to the dual-mode system 8 shown in FIGURE 1 and sharing many reference numbers therewith.
Instead of completely overwriting the "old" subscription record, particularly, the SAI of the previous system, however, the HLR 28 according to the present invention maintains the old SAI so that when the user returns, such as to their home or subscribed-to system, re-registration is unnecessary. In this manner, location update traffic is minimized in an interworking system, such as GSM and ACeS, or more"generically SAl and SA2 illustrated in the figures.
As in FIGURE 1, a series of numbers are depicted in FIGURE 2, each number representing a corresponding step, as will be described hereinafter. As in the conventional system 8, the mobile station 10 recognizes a switch to a new system, i.e., from SAl to SA2, and initiates an update request (circled step 1 as illustrated). VLR 26 then forwards the update request, including the new SAI, to the HLR 28, as described above (step 2) However, instead of processing and overwriting the "old" SAI and other information in location record 28A, as in the conventional embodiment, the HLR 28 of the present invention stores the "new" SAI and related information in a separate location record 28B (step 3), keeping the "old" information intact for later reference, such as upon returning to the home system. Acceptance is then forwarded by the HLR 28 to the MSC 24/VLR 26 (step 4) and to the mobile station 10 (step 5). No cancellation message is forwarded to MSC 12/VLR
14, however, as in FIGURE 1. Accordingly, the mobile station 10 may now be paged within either or both systems through the respective MSC/VLR pairs in the dual system and the corresponding base stations therein (step 6).
Upon the return of the mobile station 10 to the original or home service area, i.e., SAl, the "old"
subscriber information in the MSC 12/VLR 14 is still there. Accordingly, resubscription is unnecessary and the mobile station 10, being known, can pickup where it left off. It should be understood, however, that because of subscriber movement while within the co-terminus network, i.e., SA2, the mobile station 10 may now be located geographically remote from the position in SAl where it was upon switching to SA2. Thus, a different MSC/VLR or different base station (or cell) within SAl may be utilized as is understood by one skilled in the art.
A particular dual-mode ACeS/GSM (or other satellite-terrestrial) mobile station 10 may have a home subscription in either system, managed by a HLR 28 where current SAI and other information is stored. A mobile 10 served by a non-preferred network, say a mobile with an ACeS-based subscription operating in GSM, will preferably periodically attempt to return to or receive service within the preferred network, ACeS, the periodicity being implemented by a non-preferred-network internal timer within the mobile 10. The period of time in the internal timer being set to a given visitation time, which upon expiration thereof the mobile station 10 will attempt to return to the home network automatically. It should be understood, however, that the subscriber may manually initiate the return to the home system at any time. In accordance with the present invention, whenever a non-preferred network is used, i.e., an associated SAI is stored in record 28B of the HLR 28 for that subscriber, the HLR 28 initiates an associated timer 32 for that subscriber, e.g., to a default visitation time, by which upon expiration thereof, the mobile station may have returned home, as will be described more fully hereinafter.
^ CA 02269733 1999-04-23 For a satellite-based subscription, such as a subscriber within ACeS, when the mobile station 10 visits and registers in the alternate terrestrial-mode network, such as GSM, the SAI in GSM is stored within the associated record 28B in HLR 28 and the timer 32 initiated. It should be understood that the internal timer within the mobile station 10 is also initiated as described. When the mobile returns to ACeS after expiration of the aforementioned time period set in timer 32, the internal timer or otherwise, the ACeS SAI remains in record 28A and no LU is necessary. It should, therefore, be understood that those mobile stations 10, having associated records 28B in the HLR 28 and non-zero times remaining on timer 32, are most likely still visiting within the GSM network and are paged there first, then in ACeS. Alternatively, mobiles with associated records 28B and expired times are assumed to have returned to ACeS and are paged there first, then in GSM. The timer 32 is preferably re-started only after a subsequent successful GSM registration. If at any time the mobile station 10 responds to a page, initiates a call or causes a new LU in the ACeS network, then the associated record 28B is preferably released and the timer 32 cleared if still running. Thereafter, the mobile 10 is paged only in the ACeS network.
In this manner, the number of LUs within an ACeS or other limited-capacity network are kept to a minimum while maintaining subscriber pageability at all times. With proper setting of the non-preferred network timer 32 (and the internal timer also), dual-mode mobile stations 10 will be paged in only one of the dual networks most of the time, i.e., the paging system correctly selects the currently used network. It should be understood that the duration of time on timer 32 may be variable and could be a network decision based on local ACeS and GSM coverage and traffic characteristics and broadcasted as an ACeS
parameter. The internal timer time may also vary accordingly.
Shown in FIGURE 3 is a flow diagram illustrating steps for location updating and paging processing in accordance with a satellite subscription embodiment of the present invention. As will be discussed in greater depth, the flow diagram describes three distinct operations performed in a dual-mode telecommunications system, such as system 30: location update requests, outgoing calls and incoming calls. Accordingly, when the HLR 28, as shown in FIGURE 2, receives information (box 40), a determination (box 42) is made as to the kind of information received and control transferred to the appropriate operation, i.e., the aforementioned location update request (box 44), outgoing call (box 54), and incoming call (box 56).
If the HLR 28 receives a location update request information (step 2 as illustrated in FIGURE 2), control in FIGURE 3 is switched from box 42 to box 44. If the mobile station 10 for that ACeS subscriber is visiting another system, i.e., GSM, then the new location information, e.g., the SAI, is stored within the associated record 28B within HLR 28 (box 46). The SAI
information for the old or "home" ACeS network remains stored in record 28A. The HLR 28 then sets and starts the aforedescribed associated non-preferred network timer 32 (box 48). Alternatively, if the mobile station 10 is within the home ACeS network, then the old ACeS SAI
information in the home record 28A is overwritten (box 50) with the new ACeS data, and any associated SAI information in associated record 28B is released and the timer 32 cleared (box 52). In either case, the HLR 28 of the system 30 then awaits other information.
If the HLR 28 can receive and interpret information as related to an outgoing call from within the ACeS
network, such as from mobile station 10 in SA2 in FIGURE
2, then, as above, any visiting information is now ^ CA 02269733 1999-04-23 WO 98/20695 PCTiUS97/19536 meaningless and the any associated SAI information in associated record 28B is released and the timer 32 cleared (box 54). The HLR 28 then awaits other information.
Finally, if the HLR 28 receives an incoming call, control is transferred to box 56 where a determination is made whether the HLR 28 contains an associated SAI in record 28B. If not, then the subscriber is most likely still within ACeS and is paged in the home ACeS network alone (box 58). If record 28B contains SAI information, however, then the timer 32 is examined (box 60). If the timer 32 has not yet expired, i.e., the subscriber has only recently visited the alternate GSM network, then the subscriber most likely remains there and is first paged there first (box 62). This offers an advantage in possibly locating the subscriber in the GSM network before initiating a page in the more capacity-limited ACeS
system. Control is then transferred to box 64 where a determination is made whether the aforesaid page in the visiting GSM network was successful. If the page failed, then the subscriber is paged in the home ACeS network (box 66) and control transferred to box 68 for a determination on the success of the home page. If not successful, then the HLR 28 forwards an error or non-connect message back to the calling party and awaits the next command. If, however, the home page was successful (box 66), i=e., the mobile station 10 is no longer visiting GSM and has returned to the home system, then any associated SAI
information in associated record 28B is released and the timer 32 cleared (box 70). The HLR 28 then awaits another command. Alternatively, if the page in the visited GSM
network was successful in box 64, then the timer 32 is re-initiated (box 72).
If, however, the timer 32 has expired (box 60), then the assumption is that the subscriber and the mobile station 10 either manually or automatically, respectively, has returned to the home system and is no longer visiting.
Accordingly, the subscriber is first paged in ACeS (box WO 98/20695 PCT(US91/19536 74) and control is transferred to box 76 where a determination is made whether the home page was successful. If not, then the subscriber is paged in GSM
(box 78) and control transferred to box 80 where a determination is made whether the visiting page was successful. If the visiting page was not successful, then the HLR 28 forwards an error or non-connect message back to the call-originating party and awaits the next command.
If, however, the visiting page was successful, i.e., the mobile station 10 is still in GSM, then the timer 32 is re-initiated (box 82), and the HLR 28 awaits another command. Alternatively, if the home page was successful (box 76), i.e., mobile station 10 has returned home, then the associated SAI information in associated record 28B
is released (box 84), and the HLR 28 awaits another command.
For a terrestrial-based subscription, such as a GSM-based subscriber visiting ACeS, however, the situation is more difficult since no modifications can be made to the GSM standards. Thus, the HLR 28 and MSCs standards and protocols in a GSM network cannot be changed. Even though such GSM-based dual-mode subscriptions are expected to be in a minority, several approaches are nonetheless possible.
One such approach for a mobile station 10, of a GSM-based subscriber, temporarily roaming into ACeS or any other such satellite-based system, may be to start timer 32 and not attempt any location updates within the ACeS
system until the time on timer 32 has elapsed. A further restriction could be that at least one prior attempt to return to GSM has failed, and only when these two conditions are satisfied will an LU be performed. It should be understood, however, that in such a case, i.e., non-contact with the GSM home system, the mobile station 10 will not be pageable until the ACeS LU is performed.
When the LU is done, of course, the mobile station 10 is then instantly pageable.
= CA 02269733 1999-04-23 Location updates may also be controlled through a broadcasted system variable or parameter, which can be used to enable or disable LUs for visitors, i.e., non-home subscribers, depending on the traffic conditions. For example, if an ACeS system has heavy traffic and LUs would be burdensome, then the system parameter could prevent LUs from visitors until the system is able to handle the load.
Alternatively, the enable/disable system parameter can be used in conjunction with the aforedescribed timer 32. If disabled, a visiting subscriber within ACeS will not be able to register until the timer 32 has elapsed and at least one attempt of mobile station 10 to return to the GSM has failed. If enabled, GSM-based visitors will be permitted to perform an LU upon entering the system, if necessary. This approach allows maximum flexibility and is easy to implement as an ACeS-mode functionality in a dual-mode mobile. It should be understood that the aforementioned system parameter can be stored in a record or other data storage area within the mobile station 10 to govern the accessibility of location updates while the mobile station 10 is in a visiting system.
It should be understood that the interworking pair used to illustrate the aforedescribed dual-mode embodiment of the present invention, i.e., ACeS and GSM, are exemplary only and other interworking pairs are possible, e.g., ACeS and AMPS or any other such pair.
It should additionally be understood that the subject matter of the present invention ameliorates signaling difficulties due to excessive location updates in an alternate and single-mode embodiment of the invention, such as ACeS or any system where large numbers of such location updates can compromise the system. Accordingly, with reference again to FIGURE 2, SAl and SA2 may represent location areas or other such geographical divisions of a system, e.g., conventional locations areas or cells, within which a subscriber may roam in that system.
Shown in FIGURE 3 is a flow diagram illustrating steps for location updating and paging processing in accordance with a satellite subscription embodiment of the present invention. As will be discussed in greater depth, the flow diagram describes three distinct operations performed in a dual-mode telecommunications system, such as system 30: location update requests, outgoing calls and incoming calls. Accordingly, when the HLR 28, as shown in FIGURE 2, receives information (box 40), a determination (box 42) is made as to the kind of information received and control transferred to the appropriate operation, i.e., the aforementioned location update request (box 44), outgoing call (box 54), and incoming call (box 56).
If the HLR 28 receives a location update request information (step 2 as illustrated in FIGURE 2), control in FIGURE 3 is switched from box 42 to box 44. If the mobile station 10 for that ACeS subscriber is visiting another system, i.e., GSM, then the new location information, e.g., the SAI, is stored within the associated record 28B within HLR 28 (box 46). The SAI
information for the old or "home" ACeS network remains stored in record 28A. The HLR 28 then sets and starts the aforedescribed associated non-preferred network timer 32 (box 48). Alternatively, if the mobile station 10 is within the home ACeS network, then the old ACeS SAI
information in the home record 28A is overwritten (box 50) with the new ACeS data, and any associated SAI information in associated record 28B is released and the timer 32 cleared (box 52). In either case, the HLR 28 of the system 30 then awaits other information.
If the HLR 28 can receive and interpret information as related to an outgoing call from within the ACeS
network, such as from mobile station 10 in SA2 in FIGURE
2, then, as above, any visiting information is now ^ CA 02269733 1999-04-23 WO 98/20695 PCTiUS97/19536 meaningless and the any associated SAI information in associated record 28B is released and the timer 32 cleared (box 54). The HLR 28 then awaits other information.
Finally, if the HLR 28 receives an incoming call, control is transferred to box 56 where a determination is made whether the HLR 28 contains an associated SAI in record 28B. If not, then the subscriber is most likely still within ACeS and is paged in the home ACeS network alone (box 58). If record 28B contains SAI information, however, then the timer 32 is examined (box 60). If the timer 32 has not yet expired, i.e., the subscriber has only recently visited the alternate GSM network, then the subscriber most likely remains there and is first paged there first (box 62). This offers an advantage in possibly locating the subscriber in the GSM network before initiating a page in the more capacity-limited ACeS
system. Control is then transferred to box 64 where a determination is made whether the aforesaid page in the visiting GSM network was successful. If the page failed, then the subscriber is paged in the home ACeS network (box 66) and control transferred to box 68 for a determination on the success of the home page. If not successful, then the HLR 28 forwards an error or non-connect message back to the calling party and awaits the next command. If, however, the home page was successful (box 66), i=e., the mobile station 10 is no longer visiting GSM and has returned to the home system, then any associated SAI
information in associated record 28B is released and the timer 32 cleared (box 70). The HLR 28 then awaits another command. Alternatively, if the page in the visited GSM
network was successful in box 64, then the timer 32 is re-initiated (box 72).
If, however, the timer 32 has expired (box 60), then the assumption is that the subscriber and the mobile station 10 either manually or automatically, respectively, has returned to the home system and is no longer visiting.
Accordingly, the subscriber is first paged in ACeS (box WO 98/20695 PCT(US91/19536 74) and control is transferred to box 76 where a determination is made whether the home page was successful. If not, then the subscriber is paged in GSM
(box 78) and control transferred to box 80 where a determination is made whether the visiting page was successful. If the visiting page was not successful, then the HLR 28 forwards an error or non-connect message back to the call-originating party and awaits the next command.
If, however, the visiting page was successful, i.e., the mobile station 10 is still in GSM, then the timer 32 is re-initiated (box 82), and the HLR 28 awaits another command. Alternatively, if the home page was successful (box 76), i.e., mobile station 10 has returned home, then the associated SAI information in associated record 28B
is released (box 84), and the HLR 28 awaits another command.
For a terrestrial-based subscription, such as a GSM-based subscriber visiting ACeS, however, the situation is more difficult since no modifications can be made to the GSM standards. Thus, the HLR 28 and MSCs standards and protocols in a GSM network cannot be changed. Even though such GSM-based dual-mode subscriptions are expected to be in a minority, several approaches are nonetheless possible.
One such approach for a mobile station 10, of a GSM-based subscriber, temporarily roaming into ACeS or any other such satellite-based system, may be to start timer 32 and not attempt any location updates within the ACeS
system until the time on timer 32 has elapsed. A further restriction could be that at least one prior attempt to return to GSM has failed, and only when these two conditions are satisfied will an LU be performed. It should be understood, however, that in such a case, i.e., non-contact with the GSM home system, the mobile station 10 will not be pageable until the ACeS LU is performed.
When the LU is done, of course, the mobile station 10 is then instantly pageable.
= CA 02269733 1999-04-23 Location updates may also be controlled through a broadcasted system variable or parameter, which can be used to enable or disable LUs for visitors, i.e., non-home subscribers, depending on the traffic conditions. For example, if an ACeS system has heavy traffic and LUs would be burdensome, then the system parameter could prevent LUs from visitors until the system is able to handle the load.
Alternatively, the enable/disable system parameter can be used in conjunction with the aforedescribed timer 32. If disabled, a visiting subscriber within ACeS will not be able to register until the timer 32 has elapsed and at least one attempt of mobile station 10 to return to the GSM has failed. If enabled, GSM-based visitors will be permitted to perform an LU upon entering the system, if necessary. This approach allows maximum flexibility and is easy to implement as an ACeS-mode functionality in a dual-mode mobile. It should be understood that the aforementioned system parameter can be stored in a record or other data storage area within the mobile station 10 to govern the accessibility of location updates while the mobile station 10 is in a visiting system.
It should be understood that the interworking pair used to illustrate the aforedescribed dual-mode embodiment of the present invention, i.e., ACeS and GSM, are exemplary only and other interworking pairs are possible, e.g., ACeS and AMPS or any other such pair.
It should additionally be understood that the subject matter of the present invention ameliorates signaling difficulties due to excessive location updates in an alternate and single-mode embodiment of the invention, such as ACeS or any system where large numbers of such location updates can compromise the system. Accordingly, with reference again to FIGURE 2, SAl and SA2 may represent location areas or other such geographical divisions of a system, e.g., conventional locations areas or cells, within which a subscriber may roam in that system.
It should further be understood that the subject matter of the present invention is designed to ameliorate or overcome signaling difficulties caused by excessive location updates in any single-, dual- or multi-mode system where at least one of the systems therein has limited signaling capacity for non-speech communications.
Although satellite-based systems primarily encounter such difficulties presently, any such limited system in a single-, dual- or multi-mode situation, whether satellite, terrestrial or combinations thereof, should be understood to be within the scope of this disclosure.
The previous description is of preferred embodiments for implementing the invention, and the scope of the invention should not necessarily be limited by this description. The scope of the present invention is instead defined by the following claims.
Although satellite-based systems primarily encounter such difficulties presently, any such limited system in a single-, dual- or multi-mode situation, whether satellite, terrestrial or combinations thereof, should be understood to be within the scope of this disclosure.
The previous description is of preferred embodiments for implementing the invention, and the scope of the invention should not necessarily be limited by this description. The scope of the present invention is instead defined by the following claims.
Claims (44)
1. A telecommunications system having a plurality of separate areas therein, a home location register for the system and handling information of the plurality of areas, and a mobile station operable within said areas, one of said areas being a home area in which said mobile station is based, said home location register being adapted to store a first location of said mobile station within said home area in a first location record within said home location register, circuitry within said home location register and said mobile station for location updating, said circuitry comprising:
a first associated location record within said home location register for storing the first location transmitted by said mobile station prior visiting another of said plurality of areas;
a second separate location record, within said home location register, for storing a second location of said mobile station when operating within said another of said plurality of areas, whereby said first location of said mobile station remains stored within said first location record when the mobile station visits said another of said plurality of areas, and whereby when said mobile station returns back to said home area from said another of said plurality of areas said home location register does not resubscribe said mobile station; and an associated timer within said home location register, said associated timer being set upon transfer of said mobile station from said home area to said -18a-another area, wherein said mobile station initiates returning to said home area when the time on said associated timer has expired.
a first associated location record within said home location register for storing the first location transmitted by said mobile station prior visiting another of said plurality of areas;
a second separate location record, within said home location register, for storing a second location of said mobile station when operating within said another of said plurality of areas, whereby said first location of said mobile station remains stored within said first location record when the mobile station visits said another of said plurality of areas, and whereby when said mobile station returns back to said home area from said another of said plurality of areas said home location register does not resubscribe said mobile station; and an associated timer within said home location register, said associated timer being set upon transfer of said mobile station from said home area to said -18a-another area, wherein said mobile station initiates returning to said home area when the time on said associated timer has expired.
2. The telecommunications system according to claim 1, wherein said system is a single-mode system covering said plurality of areas.
3. The telecommunications system according to claim 2, wherein said single-mode system is a digital mobile satellite system.
4. The telecommunications system according to claim 3, wherein said digital mobile satellite system is an ACeS
system.
system.
5. The telecommunications system according to claim 2, wherein said system is an earth-based system.
6. The telecommunications system according to claim 5, wherein said earth-based system is a GSM system.
7. The telecommunications system according to claim 1, wherein said system is a dual-mode system, a first mode of said system corresponding to said home area in which said mobile station is based, and a second mode of said system corresponding to said another area.
8. The telecommunications system according to claim 7, wherein said another area is a substantially co-terminus with said home area.
9. The telecommunications system according to claim 7, wherein said home area corresponds to a digital mobile satellite system.
10. The telecommunications system according to claim 9, wherein said digital mobile satellite system is an ACeS
system.
system.
11. The telecommunications system according to claim 7, wherein said another area corresponds to a digital mobile satellite system.
12. The telecommunications system according to claim 7, wherein said another area corresponds to an earth-based system.
13. The telecommunications system according to claim 12, wherein said earth-based system is a GSM system.
14. The telecommunications system according to claim 7, wherein said home area corresponds to an earth-based system and said another area is a digital mobile satellite system.
15. The telecommunications system according to claim 14, wherein said earth-based system is a GSM system and said digital mobile satellite system is an ACeS system.
16. The telecommunications system according to claim 1, wherein said system is a multi-mode system, a first mode of said system corresponding to said home area in which said mobile station is based, and a plurality of other modes each corresponding to a respective another area.
17. The telecommunications system according to claim 16, wherein at least one of said respective another of said plurality of areas is substantially co-terminus with said home area.
18. The telecommunications system according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein said location information comprises a Service Area Identity.
19. The telecommunications system according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein pages to said mobile station are forwarded by said home location register through said another area when said associated timer is running.
20. The telecommunications system according to claim 19, wherein subsequent pages to said mobile station are forwarded by said home location register through said home area.
21. The telecommunications system according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein pages to said mobile station are forwarded by said home location register through said home area when the time on said associated timer has expired.
22. The telecommunications system according to claim 21, wherein subsequent pages to said mobile station are forwarded by said home location register through said another area.
23. The telecommunications system according to any one of claims 1 to 22, further comprising an internal timer within said mobile station, said internal timer being set upon transfer of said mobile station from said home area to said another area, wherein said mobile station initiates returning to said home area when the time on said internal timer has expired.
24. The telecommunications system according to any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein said home location register forwards pages to said mobile station through said another area when said associated location record is present.
25. The telecommunications system according any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein said system includes a system parameter therein corresponding to the ability of the system to handle a location update, said system parameter when set preventing said mobile station from performing a location update when leaving said home area to said another area.
26. A method for location updating a mobile station in a telecommunications system having a plurality of separate areas therein, said system including a home location register handling information of the plurality of areas, one of said areas corresponding to a home area in which said mobile station is based, a first location of said mobile station within said home area being stored in a first location record within said home location register, said mobile station being operable within said plurality of separate areas, said method comprising the steps of:
transmitting, upon a switch by said mobile station from said home area to another of said plurality of areas, from said mobile station to said home location register a second location of said mobile station within said another of said plurality of areas; and storing, within a second separate location record, the second location of said mobile station after said switching, whereby said first location of said mobile station remains stored within said first location record after said mobile station switches to said another of said plurality of areas, and whereby, when -22a-said mobile station switches back to said home area from said another of said plurality of areas, said home location register does not resubscribe said mobile station, said home location register, said location information of said another of said plurality of areas in an associated location record therein, wherein said home location register includes an associated timer therein, said associated timer being set upon transfer of said mobile station from said home area to said another of said plurality of areas, wherein said mobile station initiates returning to said home area when the time in said associated timer has expired.
transmitting, upon a switch by said mobile station from said home area to another of said plurality of areas, from said mobile station to said home location register a second location of said mobile station within said another of said plurality of areas; and storing, within a second separate location record, the second location of said mobile station after said switching, whereby said first location of said mobile station remains stored within said first location record after said mobile station switches to said another of said plurality of areas, and whereby, when -22a-said mobile station switches back to said home area from said another of said plurality of areas, said home location register does not resubscribe said mobile station, said home location register, said location information of said another of said plurality of areas in an associated location record therein, wherein said home location register includes an associated timer therein, said associated timer being set upon transfer of said mobile station from said home area to said another of said plurality of areas, wherein said mobile station initiates returning to said home area when the time in said associated timer has expired.
27. The method according to claim 26, further comprising the step of:
resuming, upon a switch by said mobile station from said another area to said home area, operation of said mobile station within said home area using said location information stored in said location record.
resuming, upon a switch by said mobile station from said another area to said home area, operation of said mobile station within said home area using said location information stored in said location record.
28. The method according to claim 26 or 27, further comprising the step of:
paging, through said home location register, said mobile station within said another area when said associated timer is running.
paging, through said home location register, said mobile station within said another area when said associated timer is running.
29. The method according to claim 28, wherein subsequent paging to said mobile station is forwarded by said home location register through said home area.
30. The method according to claim 26, further comprising the step of:
paging, through said home location register, said mobile station within said home area when the time on said associated timer has expired.
paging, through said home location register, said mobile station within said home area when the time on said associated timer has expired.
31. The method according to claim 30, wherein subsequent paging to said mobile station is forwarded by said home location register through said another area.
32. The method according to any one of claims 26 to 31, further comprising the step of:
returning to said home area when the time on said associated timer has expired.
returning to said home area when the time on said associated timer has expired.
33. The method according to any one of claims 28 to 32, wherein said system is a single-mode system covering said plurality of areas.
34. The method according to claim 33, wherein said single-mode system is a digital satellite system.
35. The method according to claim 34, wherein said digital substituted system is an ACeS system.
36. The method according to any one of claims 26 to 32, wherein said telecommunications system is a dual-mode system, a first mode of said system corresponding to said home area in which said mobile station is based, and a second mode of said system corresponding to another of said plurality of areas.
37. The method according to claim 36, wherein said another area is substantially co-terminus with said home area.
38. The method according to claim 36, wherein said home area corresponds to a digital mobile satellite system and said another area is an earth-based system.
39. The method according to claim 38, wherein said digital mobile satellite system is an ACeS system and said earth-based system is a GSM system.
40. The method according to claim 36, wherein said home area is an earth-based system and said another area is a digital mobile satellite system.
41. The method according to claim 40, wherein said earth-based system is a GSM system and said digital mobile satellite system is an ACeS system.
42. The method according to any one of claims 26 to 32, wherein said system is a multi-mode system, a first mode of said system corresponding to said home area in which said mobile station is based, and a plurality of other modes each corresponding to a respective another area.
43. The method according to claim 42, wherein at least one of said areas is substantially co-terminus with said home area.
44. The method according to any one of claims 26 to 43, wherein said telecommunications system includes a system parameter therein corresponding to the ability of the system to handle a location update, said system parameter when set preventing said mobile station from performing a location update when leaving said home area to said another area.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/740,699 | 1996-11-01 | ||
| US08/740,699 US5946619A (en) | 1996-11-01 | 1996-11-01 | System and method for improved paging and location updating of mobile subscribers |
| PCT/US1997/019536 WO1998020695A2 (en) | 1996-11-01 | 1997-10-28 | System and method for improved paging and location updating of mobile subscribers |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2269733A1 CA2269733A1 (en) | 1998-05-14 |
| CA2269733C true CA2269733C (en) | 2008-12-30 |
Family
ID=24977666
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002269733A Expired - Fee Related CA2269733C (en) | 1996-11-01 | 1997-10-28 | System and method for improved paging and location updating of mobile subscribers |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5946619A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1109473C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU743571B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9712475A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2269733C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19782092T1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI990989A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1998020695A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (36)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6560461B1 (en) | 1997-08-04 | 2003-05-06 | Mundi Fomukong | Authorized location reporting paging system |
| US6580906B2 (en) | 1997-12-10 | 2003-06-17 | Intel Corporation | Authentication and security in wireless communication system |
| US6208627B1 (en) * | 1997-12-10 | 2001-03-27 | Xircom, Inc. | Signaling and protocol for communication system with wireless trunk |
| US6104925A (en) * | 1998-01-28 | 2000-08-15 | Motorola, Inc. | Method and apparatus for establishing group communications between subscribers affiliated with terrestrial and satellite communication systems |
| FI106517B (en) * | 1998-01-28 | 2001-02-15 | Nokia Networks Oy | Access mechanism in a radio network |
| US6181932B1 (en) * | 1998-02-25 | 2001-01-30 | Ericsson Inc. | Methods and systems for reducing location update procedures in satellite communications systems |
| JP3049056B1 (en) | 1998-07-02 | 2000-06-05 | 日本電気通信システム株式会社 | Subscriber data control method for mobile communication network |
| KR100385435B1 (en) * | 1998-10-30 | 2003-08-25 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | How to collect measurement / statistical data in ETRL system |
| US6119012A (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2000-09-12 | Ericsson Inc. | Method and system for dynamically and periodically updating mobile station location data in a telecommunications network |
| US6330444B1 (en) * | 1998-11-16 | 2001-12-11 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Pre-page timer |
| US6198935B1 (en) * | 1998-11-17 | 2001-03-06 | Ericsson Inc. | System and method for time of arrival positioning measurements based upon network characteristics |
| US6480720B1 (en) * | 1999-07-14 | 2002-11-12 | At&T Wireless Services, Inc. | Method for contacting a subscriber to multiple wireless bearer services |
| EP1219128A1 (en) * | 1999-09-28 | 2002-07-03 | Nokia Corporation | Method and apparatus for paging in a cellular radio access system |
| GB9924521D0 (en) * | 1999-10-15 | 1999-12-15 | Nokia Networks Oy | Providing location information of a user equipment |
| EP1150529A1 (en) * | 2000-04-28 | 2001-10-31 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | System and method for registering a wireless unit at the border between geographic service areas |
| EP1325611A4 (en) | 2000-09-15 | 2004-08-04 | Grape Technology Group Inc | Enhanced directory assistance system |
| JP4033627B2 (en) * | 2000-11-08 | 2008-01-16 | 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・ドコモ | Paging control method, paging control system, and recording medium in communication system |
| GB0110900D0 (en) * | 2001-05-03 | 2001-06-27 | Nokia Corp | Registrations in a communication system |
| GB2380898B (en) * | 2001-10-09 | 2004-01-14 | Motorola Inc | Communication network location register and subscriber device |
| US20050021592A1 (en) * | 2003-07-11 | 2005-01-27 | Sandeep Patel | Notification of subscriber status in a communications network |
| US20050090256A1 (en) | 2003-09-23 | 2005-04-28 | Santanu Dutta | Systems and methods for mobility management in overlaid mobile communications systems |
| GB0329857D0 (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2004-01-28 | Nokia Corp | User registration in a communication system |
| CN1279789C (en) | 2004-08-05 | 2006-10-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for realizing communication among a plurality of subnets covered by one physical mobile switching center |
| US7493118B2 (en) * | 2005-02-25 | 2009-02-17 | Mediatek Inc. | Mode selection methods and related devices in a mobile communication system |
| DE102005011207A1 (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-14 | Vodafone Holding Gmbh | Localization of the location of a mobile terminal |
| US8190568B2 (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2012-05-29 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for providing interactive communications |
| US8170604B2 (en) * | 2006-06-27 | 2012-05-01 | Motorola Mobility, Inc. | Method and system for managing communications for a multi-mode communications device |
| CN101166323B (en) * | 2006-10-17 | 2010-12-08 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Periodical update method of dual mode terminal and mobile communication system |
| CN101523938B (en) | 2006-11-03 | 2012-02-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | mobile communication method, mobile communication system and access entity |
| US8059702B2 (en) * | 2006-11-30 | 2011-11-15 | Motorola Mobility, Inc. | Monitoring multiple modem transmission in a communication device |
| US8665778B2 (en) | 2006-11-30 | 2014-03-04 | Motorola Mobility Llc | Monitoring and control of transmit power in a multi-modem wireless communication device |
| US8744519B2 (en) * | 2006-12-14 | 2014-06-03 | Motorola Mobility Llc | Multimodal phone data session management enhancement that alleviates dual transmission problems |
| CN101415175B (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2012-01-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus for processing dual-registration |
| CN101150867B (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2011-07-13 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Processing method, MSC and VLR for call and location update confliction |
| US8195250B2 (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2012-06-05 | Motorola Mobility, Inc. | Method and apparatus for controlling power among modems in a multi-mode mobile communication device |
| CN106465462B (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2019-12-06 | 华为技术有限公司 | Multi-mode terminal position updating method and equipment |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2195513B (en) * | 1986-09-18 | 1990-12-19 | Philips Electronic Associated | Radio system |
| GB2228162B (en) * | 1989-02-08 | 1993-05-19 | Philips Electronic Associated | Mobile radio transmission system and a mobile station for use in the system |
| JP2927920B2 (en) * | 1990-09-14 | 1999-07-28 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Location registration control method |
| US5629975A (en) * | 1991-09-20 | 1997-05-13 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Comprehensive mobile communications device registration method |
| US5825865A (en) * | 1991-10-04 | 1998-10-20 | Motorola, Inc. | Temporary message routing and destination selection |
| US5526404A (en) * | 1991-10-10 | 1996-06-11 | Space Systems/Loral, Inc. | Worldwide satellite telephone system and a network coordinating gateway for allocating satellite and terrestrial gateway resources |
| CA2078191A1 (en) * | 1991-11-27 | 1993-05-28 | Wayne C. La Forge | Arrangement for implementing a visitor location register in a cellular mobile telecommunications switching system |
| FI95758C (en) * | 1992-05-25 | 1996-03-11 | Nokia Telecommunications Oy | Location update in cellular radio network |
| FR2707063B1 (en) * | 1993-06-25 | 1995-09-22 | Alcatel Mobile Comm France | |
| FI97599C (en) * | 1993-08-20 | 1997-01-10 | Nokia Telecommunications Oy | Arrangements and procedure for updating the subscriber position in a group of radio networks |
| US5913160A (en) * | 1994-09-13 | 1999-06-15 | At&T Corporation | Method and system for updating replicated databases in foreign and home telecommunication network systems for supporting global mobility of network customers |
| WO1996025014A1 (en) * | 1995-02-07 | 1996-08-15 | Ntt Mobile Communications Network Inc. | Mobile communication system and communication network |
| FI100215B (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 1997-10-15 | Nokia Telecommunications Oy | Updating subscriber data in a mobile communication system |
| GB9508367D0 (en) * | 1995-04-25 | 1995-06-14 | Aethos Communication Systems | Telecommunication systems |
-
1996
- 1996-11-01 US US08/740,699 patent/US5946619A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-10-28 DE DE19782092T patent/DE19782092T1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-10-28 AU AU50926/98A patent/AU743571B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-10-28 CN CN97181147A patent/CN1109473C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-10-28 BR BR9712475-3A patent/BR9712475A/en unknown
- 1997-10-28 WO PCT/US1997/019536 patent/WO1998020695A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-10-28 CA CA002269733A patent/CA2269733C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-04-30 FI FI990989A patent/FI990989A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1109473C (en) | 2003-05-21 |
| BR9712475A (en) | 1999-10-26 |
| AU743571B2 (en) | 2002-01-31 |
| AU5092698A (en) | 1998-05-29 |
| FI990989A0 (en) | 1999-04-30 |
| WO1998020695A2 (en) | 1998-05-14 |
| WO1998020695A3 (en) | 1998-10-01 |
| CN1242916A (en) | 2000-01-26 |
| CA2269733A1 (en) | 1998-05-14 |
| DE19782092T1 (en) | 1999-10-28 |
| US5946619A (en) | 1999-08-31 |
| FI990989A (en) | 1999-07-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA2269733C (en) | System and method for improved paging and location updating of mobile subscribers | |
| EP0542963B1 (en) | Method for establishing an inbound call to the mobile telephone in a cellular mobile telephone network | |
| EP0549758B1 (en) | Method for carrying out a location updating from a mobile cellular radiophone system to another cellular radiophone system | |
| KR100560582B1 (en) | A communication system that communicates position information of roaming moblie stations | |
| EP0990352B1 (en) | Location dependent service for mobile telephones | |
| US7103023B2 (en) | Radio communication control station, radio communication terminal, home agent, and radio communication method | |
| US6868270B2 (en) | Dual-mode methods, systems, and terminals providing reduced mobile terminal registrations | |
| US6556831B1 (en) | Telecommunication system | |
| JP4615172B2 (en) | Cell communication system | |
| CA2214346A1 (en) | Automatic satellite/terrestrial mobile terminal roaming system and method | |
| KR20060094483A (en) | Customized location area cluster paging | |
| WO2000035175A1 (en) | Method and system for dynamically redirecting wireline call delivery | |
| JP2001506074A (en) | USSD Location | |
| US20040058692A1 (en) | Selecting domain for transmitting a location service request | |
| US6580907B2 (en) | Mobile communications | |
| US6073017A (en) | Distributed subscriber data management in wireless networks from a remote perspective | |
| JP4514775B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for identifying access technologies | |
| EP1360859A1 (en) | Procedure for handling location information in a core network with pooled servers | |
| JP2002534019A (en) | Multiple access communication system, method of operating multiple access communication system and processing means | |
| MXPA99003861A (en) | System and method for improved paging and location updating of mobile subscribers | |
| FI92007B (en) | Method for setting up telephone calls in a mobile telephone network, a mobile telephone exchange and a visitor register | |
| EP1348312B1 (en) | Selecting domain for transmitting a location service request | |
| EP1152629A1 (en) | Communication exchange system and mobile communication exchange device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |