CA2270918A1 - Systems and methods for locating and guiding operative elements within interior body regions - Google Patents

Systems and methods for locating and guiding operative elements within interior body regions

Info

Publication number
CA2270918A1
CA2270918A1 CA002270918A CA2270918A CA2270918A1 CA 2270918 A1 CA2270918 A1 CA 2270918A1 CA 002270918 A CA002270918 A CA 002270918A CA 2270918 A CA2270918 A CA 2270918A CA 2270918 A1 CA2270918 A1 CA 2270918A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
locating
methods
systems
interior body
body regions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002270918A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2270918C (en
Inventor
Dorin Panescu
James G. Whayne
David K. Swanson
David Mcgee
David F. Dueiri
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Boston Scientific Ltd Barbados
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2270918A1 publication Critical patent/CA2270918A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2270918C publication Critical patent/CA2270918C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
    • A61B5/0062—Arrangements for scanning
    • A61B5/0066—Optical coherence imaging
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1492—Probes or electrodes therefor having a flexible, catheter-like structure, e.g. for heart ablation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/06—Devices, other than using radiation, for detecting or locating foreign bodies ; determining position of probes within or on the body of the patient
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A61B5/279—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses
    • A61B5/28—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses for electrocardiography [ECG]
    • A61B5/283—Invasive
    • A61B5/287—Holders for multiple electrodes, e.g. electrode catheters for electrophysiological study [EPS]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
    • A61B5/6847—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive mounted on an invasive device
    • A61B5/6852—Catheters
    • A61B5/6853—Catheters with a balloon
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
    • A61B5/6847—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive mounted on an invasive device
    • A61B5/6852—Catheters
    • A61B5/6858—Catheters with a distal basket, e.g. expandable basket
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/12—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves in body cavities or body tracts, e.g. by using catheters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
    • A61B8/4444—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device related to the probe
    • A61B8/4461—Features of the scanning mechanism, e.g. for moving the transducer within the housing of the probe
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/04—Electrodes
    • A61N1/06—Electrodes for high-frequency therapy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
    • A61B18/1815—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using microwaves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00017—Electrical control of surgical instruments
    • A61B2017/00022—Sensing or detecting at the treatment site
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/00292—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery mounted on or guided by flexible, e.g. catheter-like, means
    • A61B2017/003—Steerable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00053—Mechanical features of the instrument of device
    • A61B2018/00107—Coatings on the energy applicator
    • A61B2018/00148—Coatings on the energy applicator with metal
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00053—Mechanical features of the instrument of device
    • A61B2018/0016—Energy applicators arranged in a two- or three dimensional array
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00053—Mechanical features of the instrument of device
    • A61B2018/00214—Expandable means emitting energy, e.g. by elements carried thereon
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
    • A61B2018/00696—Controlled or regulated parameters
    • A61B2018/0075—Phase
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
    • A61B2018/00696—Controlled or regulated parameters
    • A61B2018/00755—Resistance or impedance
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
    • A61B2018/00773—Sensed parameters
    • A61B2018/00839—Bioelectrical parameters, e.g. ECG, EEG
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
    • A61B2018/00773—Sensed parameters
    • A61B2018/00875—Resistance or impedance
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
    • A61B2034/2046—Tracking techniques
    • A61B2034/2051—Electromagnetic tracking systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
    • A61B2034/2072—Reference field transducer attached to an instrument or patient
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
    • A61B90/37—Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation
    • A61B2090/378—Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation using ultrasound
    • A61B2090/3782—Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation using ultrasound transmitter or receiver in catheter or minimal invasive instrument
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/39—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
    • A61B2090/3954—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers magnetic, e.g. NMR or MRI
    • A61B2090/3958—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers magnetic, e.g. NMR or MRI emitting a signal
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/04—Arrangements of multiple sensors of the same type
    • A61B2562/043—Arrangements of multiple sensors of the same type in a linear array
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/04—Arrangements of multiple sensors of the same type
    • A61B2562/046—Arrangements of multiple sensors of the same type in a matrix array
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/08—Sensors provided with means for identification, e.g. barcodes or memory chips
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
    • A61B8/4483—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device characterised by features of the ultrasound transducer
    • A61B8/4488—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device characterised by features of the ultrasound transducer the transducer being a phased array

Abstract

This invention concerns systems and methods for locating an operative element (12) within an interior body space use a locating probe (14), which includes at least one transmitting element to transmit an electric waveform output within at least a portion of the space. The systems and methods also use a sensing element (16) which is adapted to be carried by the operative element to sense a local electric waveform within the space. A processing element coupled to the sensing element generates a processed output that locates the sensing element relative to the locating probe based, at least in part, upon a differential comparison of the waveform output and the sensed local waveform.
CA002270918A 1996-11-08 1997-11-06 Systems and methods for locating and guiding operative elements within interior body regions Expired - Fee Related CA2270918C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/745,795 1996-11-08
US08/745,795 US5941251A (en) 1994-10-11 1996-11-08 Systems for locating and guiding operative elements within interior body regions
PCT/US1997/021006 WO1998019619A1 (en) 1996-11-08 1997-11-06 Systems and methods for locating and guiding operative elements within interior body regions

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2270918A1 true CA2270918A1 (en) 1998-05-14
CA2270918C CA2270918C (en) 2007-07-03

Family

ID=24998291

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA002270918A Expired - Fee Related CA2270918C (en) 1996-11-08 1997-11-06 Systems and methods for locating and guiding operative elements within interior body regions

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (3) US5941251A (en)
EP (1) EP1011510B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2001504010A (en)
AT (1) ATE262847T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2270918C (en)
DE (1) DE69728446T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2216173T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1998019619A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (166)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5941251A (en) * 1994-10-11 1999-08-24 Ep Technologies, Inc. Systems for locating and guiding operative elements within interior body regions
WO1998033451A1 (en) * 1997-02-04 1998-08-06 National Aeronautics And Space Administration Multimodality instrument for tissue characterization
US6096037A (en) 1997-07-29 2000-08-01 Medtronic, Inc. Tissue sealing electrosurgery device and methods of sealing tissue
JP2002511293A (en) 1998-04-09 2002-04-16 ボストン サイエンティフィック リミテッド Self-calibration system and method for positioning and guiding operating elements in vivo
JP2003524443A (en) * 1998-08-02 2003-08-19 スーパー ディメンション リミテッド Medical guidance device
US6206831B1 (en) 1999-01-06 2001-03-27 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Ultrasound-guided ablation catheter and methods of use
US7194294B2 (en) * 1999-01-06 2007-03-20 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Multi-functional medical catheter and methods of use
US6546935B2 (en) 2000-04-27 2003-04-15 Atricure, Inc. Method for transmural ablation
EP1174076A3 (en) * 2000-07-18 2002-10-16 BIOTRONIK Mess- und Therapiegeräte GmbH & Co Ingenieurbüro Berlin Device for automatically performing diagnostic and/or therapeutic actions in body cavities
US20040138621A1 (en) 2003-01-14 2004-07-15 Jahns Scott E. Devices and methods for interstitial injection of biologic agents into tissue
US7740623B2 (en) 2001-01-13 2010-06-22 Medtronic, Inc. Devices and methods for interstitial injection of biologic agents into tissue
US6895267B2 (en) 2001-10-24 2005-05-17 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Systems and methods for guiding and locating functional elements on medical devices positioned in a body
US7967816B2 (en) 2002-01-25 2011-06-28 Medtronic, Inc. Fluid-assisted electrosurgical instrument with shapeable electrode
US6774624B2 (en) * 2002-03-27 2004-08-10 Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Company, Llc Magnetic tracking system
US7901407B2 (en) 2002-08-02 2011-03-08 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Media delivery device for bone structures
US20040068178A1 (en) * 2002-09-17 2004-04-08 Assaf Govari High-gradient recursive locating system
US7001383B2 (en) * 2002-10-21 2006-02-21 Biosense, Inc. Real-time monitoring and mapping of ablation lesion formation in the heart
US7306593B2 (en) * 2002-10-21 2007-12-11 Biosense, Inc. Prediction and assessment of ablation of cardiac tissue
US7010337B2 (en) * 2002-10-24 2006-03-07 Furnary Anthony P Method and apparatus for monitoring blood condition and cardiopulmonary function
US20050062469A1 (en) * 2003-09-23 2005-03-24 Anderson Peter Traneus System and method for hemisphere disambiguation in electromagnetic tracking systems
US20050154282A1 (en) * 2003-12-31 2005-07-14 Wenguang Li System and method for registering an image with a representation of a probe
US20050154279A1 (en) * 2003-12-31 2005-07-14 Wenguang Li System and method for registering an image with a representation of a probe
US7966058B2 (en) 2003-12-31 2011-06-21 General Electric Company System and method for registering an image with a representation of a probe
US20050154285A1 (en) * 2004-01-02 2005-07-14 Neason Curtis G. System and method for receiving and displaying information pertaining to a patient
US20050154286A1 (en) * 2004-01-02 2005-07-14 Neason Curtis G. System and method for receiving and displaying information pertaining to a patient
US20050209524A1 (en) * 2004-03-10 2005-09-22 General Electric Company System and method for receiving and storing information pertaining to a patient
US20050228251A1 (en) * 2004-03-30 2005-10-13 General Electric Company System and method for displaying a three-dimensional image of an organ or structure inside the body
US20050228252A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2005-10-13 General Electric Company Electrophysiology system and method
US20050222509A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2005-10-06 General Electric Company Electrophysiology system and method
US20050256541A1 (en) * 2004-04-30 2005-11-17 Medtronic, Inc. Catheter with temporary stimulation electrode
WO2005120376A2 (en) 2004-06-02 2005-12-22 Medtronic, Inc. Ablation device with jaws
US7684850B2 (en) * 2005-01-07 2010-03-23 Biosense Webster, Inc. Reference catheter for impedance calibration
US7869865B2 (en) 2005-01-07 2011-01-11 Biosense Webster, Inc. Current-based position sensing
EP1865842A2 (en) * 2005-04-04 2007-12-19 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Device and method for positioning of a therapeutic device
CN101217945B (en) 2005-05-20 2012-07-11 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 Oral drug compliance monitoring using radio frequency identification tags
US7848787B2 (en) 2005-07-08 2010-12-07 Biosense Webster, Inc. Relative impedance measurement
US8186358B2 (en) * 2005-07-29 2012-05-29 Codman Neuro Sciences Sárl System and method for locating an internal device in a closed system
US8784336B2 (en) 2005-08-24 2014-07-22 C. R. Bard, Inc. Stylet apparatuses and methods of manufacture
US7756576B2 (en) * 2005-08-26 2010-07-13 Biosense Webster, Inc. Position sensing and detection of skin impedance
US20070066880A1 (en) * 2005-09-09 2007-03-22 Warren Lee Image-based probe guidance system
US7885707B2 (en) * 2005-09-15 2011-02-08 St. Jude Medical, Atrial Fibrillation Division, Inc. Method of scaling navigation signals to account for impedance drift in tissue
EP1927605B1 (en) * 2005-09-22 2016-06-22 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Polymer material, foam obtained from same, and polishing pad using those
WO2007061982A1 (en) * 2005-11-22 2007-05-31 Mayo Foundation For Medical Education And Research Detecting and treating nervous system disorders
US10799285B2 (en) * 2005-12-22 2020-10-13 Inmode Ltd. Skin rejuvenation resurfacing device and method of use
US7749249B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2010-07-06 Kardium Inc. Method and device for closing holes in tissue
US7505810B2 (en) * 2006-06-13 2009-03-17 Rhythmia Medical, Inc. Non-contact cardiac mapping, including preprocessing
US7515954B2 (en) * 2006-06-13 2009-04-07 Rhythmia Medical, Inc. Non-contact cardiac mapping, including moving catheter and multi-beat integration
CA2654759A1 (en) * 2006-06-13 2007-12-21 Rhythmia Medical, Inc. Non-contact cardiac mapping, including moving catheter and multi-beat integration
US7729752B2 (en) * 2006-06-13 2010-06-01 Rhythmia Medical, Inc. Non-contact cardiac mapping, including resolution map
US9119633B2 (en) 2006-06-28 2015-09-01 Kardium Inc. Apparatus and method for intra-cardiac mapping and ablation
US11389232B2 (en) 2006-06-28 2022-07-19 Kardium Inc. Apparatus and method for intra-cardiac mapping and ablation
US8920411B2 (en) 2006-06-28 2014-12-30 Kardium Inc. Apparatus and method for intra-cardiac mapping and ablation
US10028783B2 (en) 2006-06-28 2018-07-24 Kardium Inc. Apparatus and method for intra-cardiac mapping and ablation
US8449605B2 (en) 2006-06-28 2013-05-28 Kardium Inc. Method for anchoring a mitral valve
US7837610B2 (en) 2006-08-02 2010-11-23 Kardium Inc. System for improving diastolic dysfunction
US8388546B2 (en) * 2006-10-23 2013-03-05 Bard Access Systems, Inc. Method of locating the tip of a central venous catheter
US7794407B2 (en) * 2006-10-23 2010-09-14 Bard Access Systems, Inc. Method of locating the tip of a central venous catheter
DE102006059225A1 (en) * 2006-12-13 2008-06-26 Wittenstein Ag Medical device for determining the position of intracorporeal implants
US20080190438A1 (en) * 2007-02-08 2008-08-14 Doron Harlev Impedance registration and catheter tracking
US9549689B2 (en) 2007-03-09 2017-01-24 St. Jude Medical, Atrial Fibrillation Division, Inc. System and method for correction of inhomogeneous fields
US10433929B2 (en) 2007-03-09 2019-10-08 St. Jude Medical, Atrial Fibrillation Division, Inc. System and method for local deformable registration of a catheter navigation system to image data or a model
US8906011B2 (en) 2007-11-16 2014-12-09 Kardium Inc. Medical device for use in bodily lumens, for example an atrium
US10524691B2 (en) 2007-11-26 2020-01-07 C. R. Bard, Inc. Needle assembly including an aligned magnetic element
EP2992825B1 (en) * 2007-11-26 2017-11-01 C.R. Bard Inc. Integrated system for intravascular placement of a catheter
US10449330B2 (en) 2007-11-26 2019-10-22 C. R. Bard, Inc. Magnetic element-equipped needle assemblies
US8781555B2 (en) 2007-11-26 2014-07-15 C. R. Bard, Inc. System for placement of a catheter including a signal-generating stylet
US9521961B2 (en) 2007-11-26 2016-12-20 C. R. Bard, Inc. Systems and methods for guiding a medical instrument
US9456766B2 (en) 2007-11-26 2016-10-04 C. R. Bard, Inc. Apparatus for use with needle insertion guidance system
US8849382B2 (en) 2007-11-26 2014-09-30 C. R. Bard, Inc. Apparatus and display methods relating to intravascular placement of a catheter
US10751509B2 (en) 2007-11-26 2020-08-25 C. R. Bard, Inc. Iconic representations for guidance of an indwelling medical device
US9649048B2 (en) * 2007-11-26 2017-05-16 C. R. Bard, Inc. Systems and methods for breaching a sterile field for intravascular placement of a catheter
US8277381B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2012-10-02 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Low profile intravascular ultrasound catheter
US8103327B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2012-01-24 Rhythmia Medical, Inc. Cardiac mapping catheter
EP2247234A4 (en) * 2008-02-05 2013-07-17 Rothenberg Peter M Method of locating the tip of a central venous catheter
US8478382B2 (en) 2008-02-11 2013-07-02 C. R. Bard, Inc. Systems and methods for positioning a catheter
US8538509B2 (en) 2008-04-02 2013-09-17 Rhythmia Medical, Inc. Intracardiac tracking system
US9575140B2 (en) 2008-04-03 2017-02-21 Covidien Lp Magnetic interference detection system and method
US20090287304A1 (en) 2008-05-13 2009-11-19 Kardium Inc. Medical Device for Constricting Tissue or a Bodily Orifice, for example a mitral valve
EP2297673B1 (en) 2008-06-03 2020-04-22 Covidien LP Feature-based registration method
US8218847B2 (en) 2008-06-06 2012-07-10 Superdimension, Ltd. Hybrid registration method
EP2138095A1 (en) * 2008-06-25 2009-12-30 BrainLAB AG Method for determining the position of a medical instrument in a body
EP2313143B1 (en) * 2008-08-22 2014-09-24 C.R. Bard, Inc. Catheter assembly including ecg sensor and magnetic assemblies
US8437833B2 (en) 2008-10-07 2013-05-07 Bard Access Systems, Inc. Percutaneous magnetic gastrostomy
US8137343B2 (en) 2008-10-27 2012-03-20 Rhythmia Medical, Inc. Tracking system using field mapping
US9403020B2 (en) 2008-11-04 2016-08-02 Nevro Corporation Modeling positions of implanted devices in a patient
US9398862B2 (en) 2009-04-23 2016-07-26 Rhythmia Medical, Inc. Multi-electrode mapping system
US8103338B2 (en) 2009-05-08 2012-01-24 Rhythmia Medical, Inc. Impedance based anatomy generation
US8571647B2 (en) * 2009-05-08 2013-10-29 Rhythmia Medical, Inc. Impedance based anatomy generation
US20100312094A1 (en) 2009-06-08 2010-12-09 Michael Guttman Mri-guided surgical systems with preset scan planes
US9339206B2 (en) 2009-06-12 2016-05-17 Bard Access Systems, Inc. Adaptor for endovascular electrocardiography
US9532724B2 (en) 2009-06-12 2017-01-03 Bard Access Systems, Inc. Apparatus and method for catheter navigation using endovascular energy mapping
US9125578B2 (en) 2009-06-12 2015-09-08 Bard Access Systems, Inc. Apparatus and method for catheter navigation and tip location
CN102625670B (en) 2009-06-16 2015-07-15 核磁共振成像介入技术有限公司 MRI-guided devices and MRI-guided interventional systems that can track and generate dynamic visualizations of the devices in near real time
EP2464407A4 (en) 2009-08-10 2014-04-02 Bard Access Systems Inc Devices and methods for endovascular electrography
EP2517622A3 (en) 2009-09-29 2013-04-24 C. R. Bard, Inc. Stylets for use with apparatus for intravascular placement of a catheter
EP2482749B1 (en) 2009-10-01 2017-08-30 Kardium Inc. Kit for constricting tissue or a bodily orifice, for example, a mitral valve
WO2011044421A1 (en) * 2009-10-08 2011-04-14 C. R. Bard, Inc. Spacers for use with an ultrasound probe
US8694074B2 (en) 2010-05-11 2014-04-08 Rhythmia Medical, Inc. Electrode displacement determination
EP4122385A1 (en) 2010-05-28 2023-01-25 C. R. Bard, Inc. Insertion guidance system for needles and medical components
CA2806353A1 (en) 2010-08-09 2012-02-16 C.R. Bard Inc. Support and cover structures for an ultrasound probe head
KR101856267B1 (en) 2010-08-20 2018-05-09 씨. 알. 바드, 인크. Reconfirmation of ecg-assisted catheter tip placement
US8940002B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2015-01-27 Kardium Inc. Tissue anchor system
US8965482B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2015-02-24 Nevro Corporation Systems and methods for positioning implanted devices in a patient
US8805519B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2014-08-12 Nevro Corporation Systems and methods for detecting intrathecal penetration
US8801693B2 (en) 2010-10-29 2014-08-12 C. R. Bard, Inc. Bioimpedance-assisted placement of a medical device
US9002442B2 (en) 2011-01-13 2015-04-07 Rhythmia Medical, Inc. Beat alignment and selection for cardiac mapping
US8428700B2 (en) 2011-01-13 2013-04-23 Rhythmia Medical, Inc. Electroanatomical mapping
US9452016B2 (en) 2011-01-21 2016-09-27 Kardium Inc. Catheter system
CA2764494A1 (en) 2011-01-21 2012-07-21 Kardium Inc. Enhanced medical device for use in bodily cavities, for example an atrium
US9480525B2 (en) 2011-01-21 2016-11-01 Kardium, Inc. High-density electrode-based medical device system
US11259867B2 (en) 2011-01-21 2022-03-01 Kardium Inc. High-density electrode-based medical device system
US9072511B2 (en) 2011-03-25 2015-07-07 Kardium Inc. Medical kit for constricting tissue or a bodily orifice, for example, a mitral valve
AU2012278809B2 (en) 2011-07-06 2016-09-29 C.R. Bard, Inc. Needle length determination and calibration for insertion guidance system
USD699359S1 (en) 2011-08-09 2014-02-11 C. R. Bard, Inc. Ultrasound probe head
USD724745S1 (en) 2011-08-09 2015-03-17 C. R. Bard, Inc. Cap for an ultrasound probe
WO2013070775A1 (en) 2011-11-07 2013-05-16 C.R. Bard, Inc Ruggedized ultrasound hydrogel insert
USD777925S1 (en) 2012-01-20 2017-01-31 Kardium Inc. Intra-cardiac procedure device
USD777926S1 (en) 2012-01-20 2017-01-31 Kardium Inc. Intra-cardiac procedure device
US8676331B2 (en) 2012-04-02 2014-03-18 Nevro Corporation Devices for controlling spinal cord modulation for inhibiting pain, and associated systems and methods, including controllers for automated parameter selection
US9017321B2 (en) 2012-05-21 2015-04-28 Kardium, Inc. Systems and methods for activating transducers
US10827977B2 (en) 2012-05-21 2020-11-10 Kardium Inc. Systems and methods for activating transducers
US9198592B2 (en) 2012-05-21 2015-12-01 Kardium Inc. Systems and methods for activating transducers
US10588543B2 (en) 2012-05-23 2020-03-17 Biosense Webster (Israel), Ltd. Position sensing using electric dipole fields
CN104837413B (en) 2012-06-15 2018-09-11 C·R·巴德股份有限公司 Detect the device and method of removable cap on ultrasonic detector
US9308022B2 (en) 2012-12-10 2016-04-12 Nevro Corporation Lead insertion devices and associated systems and methods
US9636032B2 (en) 2013-05-06 2017-05-02 Boston Scientific Scimed Inc. Persistent display of nearest beat characteristics during real-time or play-back electrophysiology data visualization
US9918649B2 (en) 2013-05-14 2018-03-20 Boston Scientific Scimed Inc. Representation and identification of activity patterns during electro-physiology mapping using vector fields
US9687166B2 (en) 2013-10-14 2017-06-27 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. High resolution cardiac mapping electrode array catheter
US9730600B2 (en) 2013-10-31 2017-08-15 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Medical device for high resolution mapping using localized matching
EP3062694A1 (en) 2013-11-01 2016-09-07 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Cardiac mapping using latency interpolation
ES2811323T3 (en) 2014-02-06 2021-03-11 Bard Inc C R Systems for the guidance and placement of an intravascular device
EP3113671B1 (en) 2014-03-07 2023-10-25 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Medical devices for mapping cardiac tissue
EP3116386A1 (en) 2014-03-11 2017-01-18 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Medical devices for mapping cardiac tissue
US9757182B2 (en) 2014-06-02 2017-09-12 Biosense Webster (Israel) Ltd. Identification and visualization of gaps between cardiac ablation sites
JP2017522923A (en) 2014-06-03 2017-08-17 ボストン サイエンティフィック サイムド，インコーポレイテッドＢｏｓｔｏｎ Ｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃ Ｓｃｉｍｅｄ，Ｉｎｃ． Electrode assembly with atraumatic distal tip
WO2015187430A2 (en) 2014-06-04 2015-12-10 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Electrode assembly
US10722184B2 (en) 2014-11-17 2020-07-28 Kardium Inc. Systems and methods for selecting, activating, or selecting and activating transducers
US10368936B2 (en) 2014-11-17 2019-08-06 Kardium Inc. Systems and methods for selecting, activating, or selecting and activating transducers
EP3808298B1 (en) 2014-11-19 2023-07-05 EPiX Therapeutics, Inc. Systems for high-resolution mapping of tissue
JP6673598B2 (en) 2014-11-19 2020-03-25 エピックス セラピューティクス，インコーポレイテッド High resolution mapping of tissue with pacing
KR20170107428A (en) 2014-11-19 2017-09-25 어드밴스드 카디악 테라퓨틱스, 인크. Ablation devices, systems and methods of using a high-resolution electrode assembly
US10973584B2 (en) 2015-01-19 2021-04-13 Bard Access Systems, Inc. Device and method for vascular access
US9636164B2 (en) 2015-03-25 2017-05-02 Advanced Cardiac Therapeutics, Inc. Contact sensing systems and methods
US9789321B2 (en) 2015-04-03 2017-10-17 Nevro Corp. Couplings for implanted leads and external stimulators, and associated systems and methods
WO2016210325A1 (en) 2015-06-26 2016-12-29 C.R. Bard, Inc. Connector interface for ecg-based catheter positioning system
US10758144B2 (en) 2015-08-20 2020-09-01 Boston Scientific Scimed Inc. Flexible electrode for cardiac sensing and method for making
CN108140265B (en) 2015-09-26 2022-06-28 波士顿科学医学有限公司 System and method for anatomical shell editing
US10271758B2 (en) 2015-09-26 2019-04-30 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Intracardiac EGM signals for beat matching and acceptance
US10405766B2 (en) 2015-09-26 2019-09-10 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Method of exploring or mapping internal cardiac structures
WO2017053914A1 (en) 2015-09-26 2017-03-30 Boston Scientific Scimed Inc. Multiple rhythm template monitoring
US11000207B2 (en) 2016-01-29 2021-05-11 C. R. Bard, Inc. Multiple coil system for tracking a medical device
EP3429462B1 (en) 2016-03-15 2022-08-03 EPiX Therapeutics, Inc. Improved devices and systems for irrigated ablation
US10446931B2 (en) 2016-10-28 2019-10-15 Covidien Lp Electromagnetic navigation antenna assembly and electromagnetic navigation system including the same
US10418705B2 (en) 2016-10-28 2019-09-17 Covidien Lp Electromagnetic navigation antenna assembly and electromagnetic navigation system including the same
US10638952B2 (en) 2016-10-28 2020-05-05 Covidien Lp Methods, systems, and computer-readable media for calibrating an electromagnetic navigation system
US10615500B2 (en) 2016-10-28 2020-04-07 Covidien Lp System and method for designing electromagnetic navigation antenna assemblies
US10722311B2 (en) 2016-10-28 2020-07-28 Covidien Lp System and method for identifying a location and/or an orientation of an electromagnetic sensor based on a map
US10751126B2 (en) 2016-10-28 2020-08-25 Covidien Lp System and method for generating a map for electromagnetic navigation
US10517505B2 (en) 2016-10-28 2019-12-31 Covidien Lp Systems, methods, and computer-readable media for optimizing an electromagnetic navigation system
US10792106B2 (en) 2016-10-28 2020-10-06 Covidien Lp System for calibrating an electromagnetic navigation system
AU2018231031B2 (en) 2017-03-09 2023-11-02 Nevro Corp. Paddle leads and delivery tools, and associated systems and methods
CN110809448B (en) 2017-04-27 2022-11-25 Epix疗法公司 Determining properties of contact between catheter tip and tissue
EP3723843B1 (en) * 2017-12-14 2022-10-26 Boston Scientific Neuromodulation Corporation Systems for clinical effect-based neurostimulation
AU2019242906A1 (en) 2018-03-29 2020-10-15 Nevro Corp. Leads having sidewall openings, and associated systems and methods
US10992079B2 (en) 2018-10-16 2021-04-27 Bard Access Systems, Inc. Safety-equipped connection systems and methods thereof for establishing electrical connections
CN109171998B (en) * 2018-10-22 2020-07-21 西安交通大学 Thermal ablation region identification monitoring imaging method and system based on ultrasonic deep learning

Family Cites Families (37)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4522212A (en) * 1983-11-14 1985-06-11 Mansfield Scientific, Inc. Endocardial electrode
US4628937A (en) * 1984-08-02 1986-12-16 Cordis Corporation Mapping electrode assembly
US4649924A (en) * 1984-08-14 1987-03-17 Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche Method for the detection of intracardiac electrical potential fields
US4674518A (en) * 1985-09-06 1987-06-23 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Method and apparatus for measuring ventricular volume
US4699147A (en) * 1985-09-25 1987-10-13 Cordis Corporation Intraventricular multielectrode cardial mapping probe and method for using same
US4852580A (en) * 1986-09-17 1989-08-01 Axiom Medical, Inc. Catheter for measuring bioimpedance
CN1049287A (en) * 1989-05-24 1991-02-20 住友电气工业株式会社 The treatment conduit
EP0419729A1 (en) * 1989-09-29 1991-04-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Position finding of a catheter by means of non-ionising fields
US5058583A (en) * 1990-07-13 1991-10-22 Geddes Leslie A Multiple monopolar system and method of measuring stroke volume of the heart
US5092339A (en) * 1990-07-23 1992-03-03 Geddes Leslie A Method and apparatus for electrically compensated measurement of cardiac output
US5327889A (en) * 1992-12-01 1994-07-12 Cardiac Pathways Corporation Mapping and ablation catheter with individually deployable arms and method
US5465717A (en) * 1991-02-15 1995-11-14 Cardiac Pathways Corporation Apparatus and Method for ventricular mapping and ablation
US5156151A (en) * 1991-02-15 1992-10-20 Cardiac Pathways Corporation Endocardial mapping and ablation system and catheter probe
US5383917A (en) * 1991-07-05 1995-01-24 Jawahar M. Desai Device and method for multi-phase radio-frequency ablation
US5645065A (en) * 1991-09-04 1997-07-08 Navion Biomedical Corporation Catheter depth, position and orientation location system
US5222501A (en) * 1992-01-31 1993-06-29 Duke University Methods for the diagnosis and ablation treatment of ventricular tachycardia
US5282840A (en) * 1992-03-26 1994-02-01 Medtronic, Inc. Multiple frequency impedance measurement system
US5341807A (en) * 1992-06-30 1994-08-30 American Cardiac Ablation Co., Inc. Ablation catheter positioning system
US5411025A (en) * 1992-06-30 1995-05-02 Cordis Webster, Inc. Cardiovascular catheter with laterally stable basket-shaped electrode array
JP2596676B2 (en) * 1992-07-09 1997-04-02 株式会社ケイセブン Shaft coupling
US5311873A (en) * 1992-08-28 1994-05-17 Ecole Polytechnique Comparative analysis of body surface potential distribution during cardiac pacing
US5297549A (en) * 1992-09-23 1994-03-29 Endocardial Therapeutics, Inc. Endocardial mapping system
US5311866A (en) * 1992-09-23 1994-05-17 Endocardial Therapeutics, Inc. Heart mapping catheter
US5309910A (en) * 1992-09-25 1994-05-10 Ep Technologies, Inc. Cardiac mapping and ablation systems
US5385146A (en) * 1993-01-08 1995-01-31 Goldreyer; Bruce N. Orthogonal sensing for use in clinical electrophysiology
US5433198A (en) * 1993-03-11 1995-07-18 Desai; Jawahar M. Apparatus and method for cardiac ablation
US5476495A (en) * 1993-03-16 1995-12-19 Ep Technologies, Inc. Cardiac mapping and ablation systems
US5391199A (en) * 1993-07-20 1995-02-21 Biosense, Inc. Apparatus and method for treating cardiac arrhythmias
US5425382A (en) * 1993-09-14 1995-06-20 University Of Washington Apparatus and method for locating a medical tube in the body of a patient
US5409000A (en) * 1993-09-14 1995-04-25 Cardiac Pathways Corporation Endocardial mapping and ablation system utilizing separately controlled steerable ablation catheter with ultrasonic imaging capabilities and method
WO1995010322A1 (en) 1993-10-15 1995-04-20 Ep Technologies, Inc. Creating complex lesion patterns in body tissue
JP3400835B2 (en) * 1993-12-20 2003-04-28 テルモ株式会社 Secondary conduction path detector
US5487391A (en) * 1994-01-28 1996-01-30 Ep Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for deriving and displaying the propagation velocities of electrical events in the heart
ES2144123T3 (en) * 1994-08-19 2000-06-01 Biosense Inc MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND IMAGE SYSTEMS.
US5722402A (en) * 1994-10-11 1998-03-03 Ep Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for guiding movable electrode elements within multiple-electrode structures
US5941251A (en) * 1994-10-11 1999-08-24 Ep Technologies, Inc. Systems for locating and guiding operative elements within interior body regions
US5697377A (en) * 1995-11-22 1997-12-16 Medtronic, Inc. Catheter mapping system and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2001504010A (en) 2001-03-27
ES2216173T3 (en) 2004-10-16
CA2270918C (en) 2007-07-03
DE69728446D1 (en) 2004-05-06
DE69728446T2 (en) 2005-01-20
EP1011510A1 (en) 2000-06-28
US6095150A (en) 2000-08-01
EP1011510B1 (en) 2004-03-31
US6516807B1 (en) 2003-02-11
US5941251A (en) 1999-08-24
ATE262847T1 (en) 2004-04-15
WO1998019619A1 (en) 1998-05-14
EP1011510A4 (en) 2001-08-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2270918A1 (en) Systems and methods for locating and guiding operative elements within interior body regions
CA2242353A1 (en) Method for velocity component vector mapping
EP0925756A3 (en) Biological signal transmission apparatus
CA2247992A1 (en) Conformal catheter
AU4313896A (en) Nucleic acid probes for the detection and identification of fungi
ZA996078B (en) Assay device processing instrument.
HUT67257A (en) Method for detecting, reducing or eliminating exhaustion of a driver, exhaustion sensing glasses and ear thermometer
EP0681259A3 (en) Coordinate inputting apparatus and signal transmitting system thereof.
EP0684447A3 (en) Procedure for coördinate measuring on workpieces.
AU5567299A (en) Hand held ultrasonic diagnostic instrument
EP0678727A3 (en) Magnetic position sensor for the contactless determination of the distance between two components.
EP0712604A3 (en) Cardiac rate measuring apparatus
EP0674650A4 (en) Nucleic acid probes for lactobacillus detection.
AU2187295A (en) Cleaved amplified rflp detection methods
AU5720496A (en) Electrochemical gas sensor for the detection of nitric oxide
WO1996007996A3 (en) Security device
WO2000022904A3 (en) Device for determining the position of body parts and use of the same
EP0629835A3 (en) Strain measuring instrument.
EP0684448A3 (en) Procedure for coordinate measuring on workpieces.
AU3465399A (en) Diagnostic modified-nucleoside detection assay
HUP9700904A3 (en) Sound or ultrasound sensor for transmitting and/or receiving sound or ultrasound
EP0620546A3 (en) Energy detection procedure for noisy signals.
EP0674172A3 (en) Equivalent circuit of environmental sensor, method for measuring and/or normalizing odor pressure, and odor and/or fire detection system, using the same.
AU4803999A (en) Salt-stable modified starch
AU4528696A (en) Cancer detection probes

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
EEER Examination request
MKLA Lapsed