CA2288763A1

CA2288763A1 - Gsm wired access

Info

Publication number: CA2288763A1
Application number: CA002288763A
Authority: CA
Inventors: Jerry Joe Parker; John O'connell; Stewart Hodde Maxwell
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Nortel Networks Ltd
Priority date: 1997-05-05
Filing date: 1998-04-16
Publication date: 1998-11-12
Also published as: US6167271A; US6374110B1

Abstract

A system to enable communication between a base station controller (24) within a cellular network (12), and a wired telephone system (38, 39) in a wired subscriber loop (113), wherein the base station controller (24) is responsive to, and generates, cellular network signaling, and the wired telephone system is responsive to, and generates, wired signals. The systems includes: a protocol processor (121) receptived to the wired signals, for generating processed signals; and a terminal adapter controller (34) conductively coupled both to the base station controller (24) and to the protocol processor (121), receptive to the processed signals, for generating cellular network signaling.
In another feature of the invention, the cellular network signaling is GSM
signaling. In another feature of the invention, the system also includes a voice service module (123) conductively coupled to the protocol processor, for compressing voice data to standard cellular compression. In another feature of the invention, the system also includes means (150) for converting mobility events in the wired telephone system to cellular network signaling.

Description

W .v. w~.v~1:1~W -m..'..,1.11WV 1)~1~ ~ . ... ~f~-:J:J : :.:lI:VW ~ :L1~!~ W:y ~J:o~W n-~ T~f~:~ tS:J _~3:J:lH~~Hb:)_N :l h Docket No. 227.71.70 GSM Wired Access Technical Field The invention relates generally to cellular comununication networks and, more particularly, to wired access to a cellular network.
Background of the Invention As cellular telephone service has increased, a need has arisen for a single telephony system that can service a subscriber both at his home, that is, fixed-base, or stationary, and when he is avc~ay from home, or mobile.
United States Patent3 numbers 6,412, 760 and 5,52$,665, issued to Peitz, describe a telephone system for both mobile and stationary subscribers, in which the stationary subscribers axe not assigned permanent channel pairs, but rather are treated as the mobile subscribers, and are assigned channel pairs at the time a telephone connection is made. All connection channel pairs, are within the frequency spectrum of the broad band cable connecting the stationary subscribers.
However, the Peitz patents do not contemplate using unshielded copper pair telephone lines normally used for ISDN basic rate sezwice. Rather, they teach installing new digital, pre~erablv fiber optic, cables to subscribers' homes.
European Patent 0 546 467 A, PCT Publication V40 95114360, European Patent 0 630 166 A, PCT Publication ~'VO 97124004 A (published 3 Jul3~ 1997) and PCT Publication WO 97121313 A. (published 12 June 1997) tend to indicate background art which, as far as known to Applicants, can be regarded as useful for the understanding of the present invention.
Analog cellular telephone service originally developed independently in various countries, each country's equipment and service incompatible with the others'. The Europeans eventually agreed can standards for digital cehular telephone sezvice, called "GSM" ("Global System Fox Mobile Communications").
The European Telecommunication Standards institute (ETSI) published phase T
~ of the GSM specifications in 1990. ETSI published some GSM Technical Specifications, version 5.1.O,,in March, 1996.

AMENnFn ~NF>-r w~ f . ~ wv ~ f.a ~:~ -,nl l::w.l IL:: v wf ~ _, .1.._;1:1 ~ _~, : o ! ~ :.:
tit tu:.~ i :)'.-rrw-~ r~t : ~ c~:~ ::J:~.'f't~~Fti!)_If 11i Docket No. 221?1.70 A need exists for a single telephone system for both mobile and stationary subscribers, which uses unshielded copper pair telephone lines normally used for ISDN basic rate service, and which is compatible with the GSM standards, A need also exists for a system that allows mobile telephone signals to be generated by a wired telephone network and exchanged between the wired network and a cellular netwoxk. Further, it would be advantageous to have a mechanism that allows subscriber information to be entered and allow access by the subscriber to either the wired or mobile networks.
Surninary of the Invention The present invention, accordingly, provides a system and method to enable communication between a base station controller within a cellular network, axed a wired telephone system in a wired subscriber loop, wherein the base station controller is responsive to, and generates, cellular network signaling, and the ~~ired telephone system is responsive to, arid generates, wired l5 signals. The system comprises a protocol processor receptive to the wired signals, for generating processed signals; and a terminal adapter controller conductively coupled both to the base station controller and to the protocol processor, receptive to the processed signals, for generating cellular network sigzxaling'.
In another feature of the invention, the cellular network signaling ie GSl4i signaling. In another feature of the invention, the system also includes a voice service module conductively coupled to the protocol processor, for compressing v oice data to standard cellular compression. In another feature of the invention, . the system also includes means for converting mobility events in the wired telephone system to cellular network signaling.
The invention achieves a technical advantage in that it provides the same services to wireline subscribers as it provides to mobile subscribers.
The invention achieves another technical advantage in that it uses existing local loop with services provided by an existing ll~iSC, so that an operator has to add neither wirelane switchinD capabilities, nor use cellular radio frequency transmission spectrum for local loop service.

. .. ..~....
~'.~!~«l~Ff1 ~HFFT

...... .,. w,.r :~ .n ~:..wa:.v m ~ _ r-:rr ~ .-w.w, . ._i~r m~ ~..m~r-- .~,~o u.r .:.U:JZ)'f'TVN~uW
Docket No. 22171. i 0 v_ _ _ The invention achieves another technical advantage in that it provides standard interfaces for analog and ISDN BRI telephone sets, so that subscribers may use theix existing telephone sets.
The invention achieves another technical advantage in that it complies with the A-bis interface from s base transceiver station to a base station controller, so that there is no change required in the construction or operation of 1) the base station controller, and 2) a mobile services switching center.
Brief Description of the Drawings Figura 1 is a block diagram of the GSM wired access system of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a schersatic, in block diagram form, of the TA 36 of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a schematic, in block diagram form, of the TAC 34 of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a table listing the combination of ISDN protocols and GSM
protocols used to carry signaling information.
Figure 5 is a flow chart of the algorithms used by the TA 36 when it is powered on.
Figure 6 is a flow chart of the al gorithms used by the T A 36 whQn it is powered off Figure 7 is a flow chart of the algorithms used by the protocol processor 121 when a subscriber places a call.
Figure 8 is a flow chart o~ the algorithms used by~ the protocol processor 121 when a subscriber is called.
Figure 9 is a flow chart of the algorithms used by the protocol processor I2I when the activate SIM switch I50 is deactivated.
Figure 10 is a flow chart of the algorithm used by the TAC 34 when processing incoming messages.
Description of the Preferred Embodiment This description uses the following abbreviations:

~.W~syJ~cr ~~rr'P

Do~et No. 221? 1.?0 2B+D see BftI

BRT ISDN Basic Rate Interface; 7.44,000 bits per second, two bearer channels, and one D channel BSC Base Station Controller BTS Base Transceiver Station EFR Enhanced Full Rate ETSI European Telecommunication Standards Institute CxSM Global System Far N.Lobile Communications GSM ; _ ETSI GSM Technical Specification - -HLR I-Iome Location Register HSCSD High Speed Circuit Switched Data IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity.

ISDN Integrated Sez-vice5 Digital Network ISDN Q.21 ITLT-telecommunications recommendation for Layer 2 Basic Access Ziser-to-\Tetwork interface. Q.921 is commonly used as a reference to the interface specified by ANSI T1.602-1989.

ISDN x.931 ITU-telecommunications recommendation for Layer 3 basic call control. Q.931 is commonly used as a reference to the interface specified by ANSI T1.60?-1990.

LAC Location Area Code LAPDm Link Access Protocol For The Mobile D Channel LEC Local Exchange Carrier MSC Mobile Services Switching Center MS Mobile Subscriber MSISDN i~iobile Subscriber ISDN Number OAM Operations, Administration, and Maintenance -- network management functions .

OMC-R Radio Operations and lYlaintenance Center OMT Operations and Maintenance Terminal PLMN Public Land Mobile Network POT Plain Old Telephone, one example of a "Set"

AMENDED SHEET

w..v. "....'~.~ .v-~,n.m...~nu.' 'rp . _ .,._;r~ : ~sV:uu : sm e~;.m :~:nr,r-.
,w-;~ c,a ::a~;ri-v-c~;yni;s Docket No. 22i7L70 SIM Subscriber Identity Module, a ''smart" card inserted intu a mobile telephone. The SIM contains subscribex-related data.

SOHO Small O~ce I Home Office TCU Tranecoder Unit TA Terminal Adapter TAC Teiminal Adapter Controller TCH Traffic Channel VLR. 'Tisitor's Location Register, a local database to an MSC for registering visiting mobile station users.

3 0 For definitions of other abbreviations, and definitions of other terms, see Newton's Telecom Dictionar~~, l lth edition, 1996.
Referring to Figure 1, the GS~'I wired access system 10 of the present invention includes a PLMN 12, a wire center 14, and a SOHO or residence 16.
The PLMN 12 has an HLR 18, which connects to an MSC 20. The MSC 20 connects via an A-ilf interface 21 to a TCL' 22. The TCU 22 connects via an A-ter interface 23 to a GS11'I network's base station controller ("BSC") 24. An Operations and llZaintenance Center for the Radio ("0:1~IC-R") 2.6 also connects to the BSC 24. The BSC 24 connects to a BTS 28. The $TS 28 connects via an air interface 29 ("wireless signals") to a wireless set, "GSM MS'' 30.
v. z0 The w ire center 14 has LEC switching equipment 3? and a GSM wired terminal adapter controller ("TAC 34"). The TAC 34 connects to both the BSC 24 and an operation and maintenance terminal ("OMT") 2 7. Although the OMT 27 is shown as located in the PLMN 12, it could be located anywhere. The TAC 34 connects via an A-bis interface 3~ to the BSC 24. The SOHO 16 has one or more GSh~I wired terminal adapters ("TA 36"), which connects to the TAC 34 via an ISDN BRI compatible subscriber loop 37. The ~rA 36 also connects to an ISDN
set 38, and an analog set-with-an-ISDN-adapter 89. In a oversimplified sense, the TAC 34 is a STS with wired connections to the TA 36, which functions like an MS. Together, the TAC 34 and the TA 36 are means for converting wired signals to cellular network signaling. ' ;,;~,~~nVlF~1 ~NF~T

.. . . ..... ... .. ... ......m..v ..rr ~ .- . .r..r . _ ~ . ~.. ,... ...., _ ~ .a ...a ..u:n:rrrau...r~nWr - Diet Nv. 22171.70 ___ , .
GSM Wired Terminal Adaptex Controller (TAC 34) Referring now to Figure 2, the TAC 34 connects several TA's 36 (although only one TA 36 ie shown in Fig. 1) to the BSC 24. The TAC 34 contains several line modules 21I which terminate the v,~ired subscriber loops 3 i connecting the S TA's 36 to the TAC 34. The TAC 34 also contains an A-bis interface module 27.3 which presents the standard GSM A-bih interface to the BSC 24 as described in ETSI GSM Technical Specifications fox GSIYl A-bis Intexfaee:
GSM 8.51, Version 4.1.0, March 1995;
GSM 8.52, Vexsion 4.2.0, August X995;
GSM 8.~4, Version 5Ø0, December 1995;
GSM 8.56, Version 4Ø2, September 1994; and GSM 8_58, Version 5.2.0, July 1996 The TAC 34 also contains a switching module 212, an operations and maintenance terminal interface 220, and a terminal adapter controller 1. 5 application 214 (shown in Figur a 10).
At each l.i~.~.e module 21,1., the D-channel and the two B-channels from a TA
36 are separated into as many as nine separate connections (1 signaling channel and 8 traffic channels -- 4 traffic channels from each B-channel) to the switching module 212. The switching module 212 dynamically switches a tra~.c channel from a line module 211 to the proper circuit of the A-bis interface module 213. The switching module 212 performs this connection switching each time the BSC 24 assigns a channel to the TA 36 in response to a channel request from the TA 36. The terminal adapter controller application 214 determines how . to make the connection by looking at the contents of the GSM RIL3-It,R
channel request and GSM RIL3-RR channel assignment messages to see which circuit the BSC 24 has assigned to the TA 36 for a particular call. The terminal adapter controller application 214 looks at the GSM RIL~3-RR channel release message to see when the circuit ie released eo that it can instruct the switching module break the connection. The TAC 34 does not alter the contents of any of these messages. During each call, the TA controller application 214 stores information from these messages in order to properly instruct the switching module 212 to .y~~s~c;; ;~r_'-;

J.fflV
1\1.1. vls,v .'.1 ~.7-.1. 1.. W.1IL:.v 1J~1' .. ~ '1'_sJiJ ~ ~lJ~lI(1 ~ ' ..~1'l' IJ.J1 ~l.!'T.m- wl.J V.J ~tJ:JJ'1'Y'tl.,-Docket No. 22171.74 _ _ ..
switch the tra.~c channel for that call. The TA controher application 214 instructs the switching module 212 via the control link 222 as to when a traffic channel from a line module 211 should be connected to a circuit on the A-bie interface 213, and when the connection should be broken.
In addition to traffic channel switchingl the TAC 34 transfers signaling messages, which are transmitted on the D-channel between the TA 3~ and the line nnodules 211, to the proper circuit on the A-bas interface module 213.
The switching module 212 connects a D-channel from a line module 211 to the TA
controller application 214 through a signaling link. 224. The TA controller ~ application 214 multiplexes the messages received on all the signaling links to the A-bis interface module 213. The TA controller application 214 transn~~ite the multiplexed messages to the A-bis interface module 213 via the signaling link 223.
Signaling messages from the BSC 24 are transmitted to the TA controller application 214 by the A-bis interface module 213 across the signaling link 223.
The TA controller application 214 transmits each of these messages on the signaling link 224 that is connected to the proper line module 211. The Switching module 212 connects each signaling lint. 224 to a line module 211 as instructed b~~ the TA controiier application 214. The TA controller application 214 maps each signaling r~~essage received on the signaling link 223 to a line module 211, and the signaling link 224 connected to that line module 211, by examining the the J..r~'D terminal endpoint identifier in the message.
The TA controller application 27.4 alqo monitors the status of each ane module 211 through a control link 221.
'5 The TAC 34 transmits unaltered ah messages it receives from the TA 36 to the BSC 24. Conversely, the TAC 34 transmits unaltered all messages it receives from the BSC 24 to the appropriate TA 36, with one exception. When the TAC 34 receives a GSM RIL3-RR cipher mode message, it immediately replies with the GSM RIL3-RR cipher mode complete message to t:he BSC 24.
Thus, it is transparent to the BSC 24 and the MSC 20 that the no ciphering is performed between the TA 36 and the TAC 34. Ciphering is unnecessary on the 1._ . . , tv(. v . ~ t):\ - L:1'~1--,vll.~l:i~:vI IL::\ u~I~ . _ t. . ;i;J ~ j(! : (!a ;
'~ 14~ ru: ~ t t~:J9ni- tq~:J t3:J :'.-.i:):)~!~-1~(i~ : /f li.i Docket No. 22171.70 _ _ ., _ _ _ _ _.
wired subscriber loop because the transmission on this loop cannot be intercepted over the air. Ciphering is normally done between a GSM mobile station and a GShZ BTS such that the over-ihe-air transmission is not understandable by anyone intercepting the transmission.
S The A-bis interface module 213 is a telephony trunk circuit interface that manages several circuit groups that connect the TAC 34 to the BSC 24. The TA
Controller Application 214 monitors and controls the A-bis interface module through the signaling link 223.
The terminal adapter controller application 214 also performs maintenance and administrative operations as directed by the operation and maintenance terminal 2'7. This includes loading software, changing configuration parameters, and reportinb the status of line rnadules 211 and A-bis interface module 213.
GSM Wired Terminal Adapter (TA 36) Referring now to Figure 3, the TA 36 includes as functional components a GSMlISDN protocol processor 121, an ISDN SlT bus interface 120, a voice service module 123, a U' Interface 124, a GS1VI subscriber identity module interface 122, and a switched SIbf interface 125.
The protocol processor 121 contains protocol processing logic which ccnverts wired signals (ISDN Q.931 messages) from the SIT' bus interface 120 into CxSW radio interface layer 8 -- gall control messages which are passed to the U' Interface 124. It also converts GSM radio interface layer 3 -- call control messages from the U' interface 124 into wired signals {ISDN Q.931) messages . which are passed to the SIT buA interface 120 over a control and signaling link z5 142.
The protocol processor 121 generates (1) GSM radio interface layer 3 --mobility management (RIL3-MM) messages in response to mobility events detected in the SOHO 16, and (2) GSM. radio interface layer 3 -- radio resource (RIL3-RR) messages. Both types of m.eseages are sent to the TAC 34 via the U' Interface 124.

aMFn~nFn cNF~r Docket No. 22171.70 The protocol processor 121 aJ.so receives and processes GSl~I RIL3-MM and GSM RIL3-RR messages received from the GSM TAC~34 at the U' Interface 124.
GSM 4.08, version 5.3.0, xelease date July, 1996, describes the processing of these messages. These messages are not passed on to the SIT bus interface 120 or to any terminal attached i.o the SIT bus interface 120.
The GS11~1lISDN protocol conversion and GSM RIL3-MM and -RR protocol processing performed by the protocol processor 12I allows the TAC 34 to comply with the A-bis interface 35. This A-bxs interface compliance enables the TAIT
AC
wired access system to be added to an existing GSbZ wireless network with no ... 10 hardware or software modifications to the BSC 24, the MSC 20, the HLR
18, and the VLR 19.
GSM RIL3 mobility management messaging allows the GSM network to locate a particular SIM inserted in any TA 3G using the existing GSM network logic for locating a SIM in a mobile station. This zneana that the directory number used to call a telephone set attached to a TA 36 can be changed simply bar replacing the SIM in the TA 36. Furthermore, a TA 36 can be moved from one physical location to another and, assuming that the subscriber loop at the new location is connected to a TAC 34, the TA 36 can be connected and will operate in the new location with the same directory number as in the old location. This is accomplished automatically by the GSM network using existing GSM mobility management procedures with no human interaction by the network operator.
The GSM RIL3-RR messages are transmitted between the TA 36 and BSC
24 unaltered by the TAC 3&, but the TAC 36 looks at certain GSM RIL3-RR
messages to see how to allocate the traffic channels on the subscriber loop 37.
The protocol processor 121 uses the signaling connectio~z 146 to control and monitox the U' Interface 124, as well as sending and receiving D-channel information (signaling messages) that is transmitted and received by the U' Interface 124.
The voice service module 123 provides several digital signal processing capabilities, but primarily it functions ae a GSM enhanced fall rate voice AMENDED SHEET

' Docket No. 22171.70 encoder/decodex complying ~,~ith GSM 6.51, version 5.1.0, release date March, 1996, which is incorporated herein by reference. The voice service module 123 compresses the digitally encoded voice signal from the normal 64kbps wireline rate to the GSlIrI standard l6kbps full rate_ The voice service module 123 functions as a means for compressing voice data to standard cellular compression.
Both the B-channels of the U' Interface 124 operate at 64kbps, while the voice service module 123 encodes each conversation at l6kbps. This means that the U' Interface 124 caz~ support up to eight simultaneous conversations at l6kbps each. In the preferred embodiment, however, the voice service module 7.23 just rate adapts each l6kbps voice channel to a 64kbps B-channel on the U' Interface 124.
In an alternate embodiment of the GSM fVired Terminal Adapter that enables more than two simultaneous conversations, the voice service module 123 is responsible for multiplexing the l6kbps conversations onto the 641cpbs B-channels to the U' Interface 124. In GSM Terms, each conversation is referred to as a "traffic channel". So, each B-channel can carry up to four traf..he channels multiplexed on it, for a total of eight conversations per TA 36. Hawever, an ISDIVT SIT bus such as an ISDN SIT bus 113 can support only two B-channels {two simultaneous conversations/data calls).
In the alternate embodiment that uses more than two tragic channels per TA 36, the T_4 36 must be constructed with multiple SIT buses, up to four, and each SIT bus is assigned two of the eight trafSzc channels.
Standard ISDN sets 38 and standard analog-to-ISDIvT adapters 116 connect to the SIT bus interface 120, which supports the standard ISDN SIT bus 113 defined in AIvTSI standard T1.60o ANSI T1.6U5-1991, ISDN Basic Access Layer 1 Interface at S and T Reference Points, corresponds to ITU-T
Recommendation L430). The S/T bus interface 120 separates the B-channel information from the D-channel signaling information coming into the TA 36 on the SIT bus. The SIT bus interface 120 connects to the voice service module via a connection 140, over which B-channel information passes. B-channel AMEnDEJ "~-?~~-Docket No. 22171.70 _ _ ~ _~. .~
transmission links 140 and 144 carry digitally encoded voice or bearer data (for data transfer use by data calls). The B-channel information passes through the voice service module 123, via the Iiz>x 144, to the U' Interface 124. When a B-channel is carrying data, the protocol processor 121 instructs the voice service module 123 not to perform EFR voice compression, but to rate adapt the data transfer to l6kbps. D-channel signaling is transmitted to the protocol processor 121 over the separate signaling and control connection 142.
The U' Interface 124, under control of the pxotocol processor 12 i, multiplexes the D-channel information and B-channel information onto the subscriber Ioop 37 connecting the TA 34 to the TAC 36 in the same manner as a standard ISDN U interface. As on the standard ISDN U interface, one 17 channel and two B-channels are transmitted on the subscriber laop 37.
However, in the preferred erubodiment, each B-channel can carry up to four traffic channels.
Figure 4 shows the combi-nation of ISDN basic access protocols (Layer 1 and Layer 2) and GSM 4.08 protocols (Layer 3) that axe used to carry signaling information on the D-channel of the subscriber loop 37.
Referring back to Figure 3, all transmission between the TA 34 and the TAC 36 passes through the U' interface 124. ANSI Standard T1.601-1992, rSDN Basic Access Layer 1 User-to-Network Interface, is the $IL.I physical interface implementation for the subscriber loop 3? made up of a single paix of wires, which is normal in North America.
The SINI Interface 122 accepts a normal GSM subscriber identity module caxd or plug-in module as described in GSM I1.11, Version x.3.0, July 1996.
The SIM interface 114 is a standard interface. GSM 11.11 describes the physical, electrical and Functional specifications of the SIM interface 1I4.
A SIM lIl is associated with the subscriber's directory number by the GSM network. The presence of a SIM in the TA 36 allows the GS1VI network to deliver calls to the subscriber whose SIM is associated with the dialed directory number. A SIM must be in place at the SIM interface 122 in ordex for the TA 36 to originate or terminate telephone calls. A signaling link 148a connects the °.'..y....,~,,'r_'~; _..__.

.. ... . . .. ........ . . - n .i.. ~ ~.m w. ~ ~.n . .m. ....... , ..ru uu ~.w.JJ'Y'tWJ_r.'.v _ ' DOCket No. 221 i 1.70 ~ _ _ ._ protocol processor Z21 and the SIM Interface 122. A similar signaling link 148b connects the protocol processor 121 and the switched SIM iz~.terface 125, In the preferred embodiment, the TA 36 has a sIM Ills plugged into the SIM Interface 122, and a SIM 111b plugged into the switched SI1~I interface I25.
Both SIM's are associated with each ISDN terminal on the SIT $us I13. This means that a call to the directory number associated with either SIM will cause all telephone sets connected to the SIT Bus x13 to ring.
In an alternate embodiment, multiple SIM's are installed at both the SIn'I
Interface 122 and the switched SIM interface 125.
. . , 10 The switched SIM interface 125 accepts a SIM card or a plug-in SIM, using the SIM interface 114, which is desezibed in GSM 11.11, "Version 5.3.0, July 1996. The s~witchsd SI11~I interface 12~ connects to an activate SII1~T
switch 150 via a switch circuit interface 152 which carries an on/off or activateldeactivate signal. When the activate SIM switch 150 i.s in an 1S offJdeactivate state, the switched SIM interface 125 will indicate to the protocol prvceseor 121 that the SIM is not installed. The activate SINI switch 150 functions as a means xor converting rn~obility events in the wired telephone system to cellular network signaling. In addition to the signalling Link 148b, the swvitched SI11~I interface 125 also has a switch circuit connection 154 to relay the 20 onio~'.l-'state of the activate SIM switch 150 to the protocol processor 121. 1~'hen the activate SIM switch 150 is turned on, the protocol processor 121 will activate the SIM using the TA power up procedure described elsewhere in this document, as if the TA 36 had just powered on. When the activate SIM switch 150 is turned off, the protocol processor 121 will deactivate the SII"V! using the 25 "Deactivate Switched SIM" procedure. The SIM does not have to be physically removed. The activate SIM switch 150 can be placed in many locations, including on the TA 36 or on an external device, such as an MS cradle or cordless telephone base station. This allows convenient switching between public and private mode operation. "Public mode" means that the normal GSM
30 air interface is used to deliver a call to a subscriber. "Private mode"
means that AME(~DED SHEET

... . ..~ .. ... n~..wu~., .r.~~ ~.-.,::,f ~ W I l L ~ ..1'1' ~)i)I i.)2J'Yn)-~ r~t~ti Ui.1 ~.):l:f'h'hC1i)_H-.Sl _ Docket No. 22171.70 ~ . _ ._ __ __ _-a call to a GSI1~I subscriber is delivered over the wised subscriber loop 37 to a GSM Fired Teizninal Adapter.
The ZSDN set 112 originates and terminates circuit-switched data communications service using noi-maI ISDN data call procedures. The TA 36 supports data transfer rates up to 9.6kbps. The TA 36 also supports higher data rates by setting up a high-speed circuit-switched data call, using the high speed circuit switched data service specified in the 1996 release of the ETSI GSM
technical specifications (referred to as GSM 96).
TA 36 Location Updates A location area in a PL1VI1 12 consists of a group of BTS 28, and each location area has a unique location area identi.~er. A location area in the wired environment consiats of a group of TAC 3~, and each location area has a unique location area identifier. A location update message is sent from a device (MS

or TA 36) to a visitor location register (VLR 19) to identi~,~ the location area within which the device is currently operating.
When power is applied to the TA 36, mobility logic in the TA 3$ will send a location update message to the VLR 19 in the PLMN 12 for each SIM llla installed in the TA 36. The VI,R 19 will pass the location update information to the IiLR 18, and both will record location information associated with the TA
36.
When the activate SIM switch 150 is toggled to "On", mobility logic in the TA

will issue a location update message to the VLI~, 19 far that activated SIM
lllb.
The TA 36 will also issue location updaie messages for each active SIM llla and SLN.( 111b in response to periodic location update requests from the VLR 19 which requests the VLR 19 issues to refresh its own knowledge of active SIM
111.
Seamless transition from wireless operation to wired operation Location update messages are used to identify the location area of the MS
{which contains a SI1VI) and SIM 111b in the TA 36. Seamless transition between PLMN 12 wireless and SOHO 16 wired operation is achieved by using 30 duplicate copies of SIM lllb in the MS 30 and switched SIM interface 12~.
To switch from wireless operation to wired operation, the MS 30 is powered off, and AMENDED SHEET

..v ... ~ .. .. .. ~.~ a.......111... ~m ~ ~ 1' .J.J. ~ ~.v7 ~ l 1 . .1'1' al . i ~l.J'1'a7~ mtW a7f/ ~ViJS)'t"l'VJ ~ Il.i..i _ Docket No. 2217 z.70 _ _ _ _ .
the activate SIM switch l00 is toggled to ''Qn'. The activate SIM switch 150 may be physically located in various places, including on the TA 36, iz~ a battery recharging cradle for the MS 30, or in a cordless telephone base station. As described previously, the TA 36 will send a location update message to the VLR
19 to indicate SIIYT Illb is acfive in the TA's 36 location area. After the location update, calls to the MS 30 MSISDN will cause page messages from the MSC 20 to be routed to the TA 36. The TA 36 will respond to the page messages, and terminate the call to the ISDN set 38 or analog set 1IS associated with the SIIVI
111b.
Seamless transition between SOHO 16 wired and PZ,MN I2 wireless operation occurs when the activate SIM switch 150 is toggled to "Off', and the MS 30 is powered on. This will cause the TA 36 to send a detach message to the PLMN 12 for SIl~I lllb. Subsequently, the MS 30 will sezld a location update msssage to the BTS 2$ i~a the PL11~IN I2. When the user carries the MS 34 away from home, calls to the MS 30 MSISDN are delivered to the MS 30 as normal mobile terminated calls.
The TA 36 has a semi-permanent SIM 111a installed. A unique MSISDN
associated with the SIM llls causes calls to the TA 36 MSISDN to be routed to the wired TA 36.
Home, office, and public mobility The MS 80 is not limited to using only one wired TA 36. For example, a subsexaber can place TA's in his residence and office. This subscriber moving ~ from home to office would be able to receive calls via the wired TA 38 at horae, then via the public PLMN 12 in transit, and then, upon updating location with the wired TA 36 at his office, receive calls at his office via a wired subscriber loop 37.
Alternate Embodiments The invention. is not limited to the GSM standards ~or digital cellular telephone service. The invention applies equally well to the following systems:
1) Advanced Mobile Phone System (_4.VIPS) analog cellular systems;
1~

:.'..~; Islr!j W . 1 :1w.\ ~ l~l'.1-.SI~.I.'..\x.111.:.\ ll~f.. . . ~ ~t-:J:J . .1.1: 1.L ~ -.Ll't V71 :):J~i~m-mr~t:J U:1 ::3:~:14~~i~tiJ: I).~.if Docket hTo. 2217I:~0 _ _ _ 2) Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) (Telecomzaunications Industry Association (TIA) -- TIA IS-54 is the standard for TDMA digital cellular systems); and 3) Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) (TIA IS-95 is the standard for Code Division Nlultiple Accese digital cellular systems.) OPERATION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In operation, the TA 36 provides standard telephony interfaces to analog and IS17N BRI terminals. The TA 36 interworks the standard terminal signals to GSM Radio interface layer 3 messages and procedures. That is, the signals to the BSC 24 from the BTS 28 and from the TAC 34 appear identical, as to their forbaat aad protocol.
Terminal Adapter (TA 36} Flow Charts (Figures 5-9) The following flow charts describe the logic of the Protocol Processor 121.
of the GSM Wired Terminal Adapter 36. Protocol errors axe handled as described by the appropriate ISDN and GSM specifications.
Terminal Adapter Power On (Figure 5) I
The algorithm shown in Figure 5 is executed when, in step 301,, a power switch (not shown) on the terminal adapter 36 is moved to the "On" position.
In step 302, the protocol processor 121 first checks if the Subscriber Identity Module ISIII~ 111a is installed at the SIM Interface 122, and if the SIM lllb is installed at the Switched SIM Interface 125. For each SIM that is installed, the TA 36 follows the normal GS11~I Radio Interface Layer 3 (I~IL3) procedures for performing a location update with the GSM Network Switching System's I~iome Location Register, as described in GSM 4.08, sending the GSM Radio Interface Layer 3 messages for Radio Rescurce (RR) and Mobility Management (M11~~ on the D-channel of the wired subscriber loop 131, connecting the U' Interface of the TA 36 to the GSM wixed terminal adapter controller 34. The GSM
locatio~x update procedure enables the GSM network to deliver a call to the directory number associated with a SIM to the TA 36 where that SIM is installed.

,;aot~v~_..

....... , ..~,.: :v-..nm.:yu~.~ ~m . _ .,.-.r.r ~ gym. i-: ~ ..:.c~a ~m.m m:r~v-~ .--r:.r vu ~wnrrr~mr~~n~.v.
.. , -Docket No. 22171, 70 If the protocol processor 121 does not detect the SIM llla installed at the SIM interface 122, or the SIM lllb installed at the switched SIM interface 125, then the protocol processor 121 at step 303 enters a state in which it performs no further processing, until, in step 304, it does detect the SIM l llb inserted in the switched SIM interface 120.
The protocol processor 121 then proceeds at step $05 executing the GSM
location updating procedure. At step 305, the protocol processor 121 sends a GSM RIL3- RR channel request message to the TAC 34. In response, in step 306 the protocol processor 121 receives a GSM RIL3- RR channel assignment . 10 message from the TAC 34. NeTct, in step 307, the protocol processor 121 sends a GSM RIL3- MM location update message to the TAC 34. In step 308, the protocol processor 121 immediately receives a GSM RIL3- RR i~APD
un~uxn.bered acknowledgment (UA) message from the TAC 34.
In step 309, the protocol processor 12I receives a GSM. RIL3- MM
authentication request from the TAC 34, In step 310, the protocol processor calculates the value for the authentication response, according to normal GSNI
authentication procedures. In step 311 the protocol processor 121 sends the GSM RIL3- AIaNt authentication response message to the TAC 34. In step 312, the protocol processor 121 receives a GSM RIL3- MM location update accepted message from the TAC 34. Followfrtg this, in step 313, the protocol processor receives a GSM RIL3- RR channel release message from the TAC 34. In step 314, the protocol processor 121 checks if there is a SIM installed for which no GSM location update has been sent. If so, the protocol processor 121 proceeds to - step 300. In step 315, the protocol processor 121 enters a state where it is waiting for a call origination from the ISDN set 38 ar the ISDN adapter 116, a call termination from the TAC 34, deactivation of the activate SIl~T switch 150, or the TA 36 power switched off.
Terminal Adsipter Power Svwitched Off (Figure 6) The protocol processor 121 executes the algorithm in Figure 6 when, in step 401, the power switch (not shown) of the TA 36 is moved to the off position.
The protocol processor 1,21 performs the GSM detach procedure for both SIMs AMEf~iDED SHEET

.... ,w, , . ..~.. u.i ,~ -.w.i:.w.W :.~, vrn ~ _ ~.u-:J:l . :;yl: f ; : ~ I~h W :> I .>:~~f~w-» ... .t..l.;i t5a :-iS:J:J44~fir : If'..'.i Docket No. 221?170 .. _ v ~ ~ llla and lllb, which informs the HLR 18 that the directory number associated with each SIM can no longer be reached through the network. The TA 36 remains powered until it has completed the GSM detach procedure. In step 402, the protocol processor 12i sends a GSM RIL3- RR channel request message to the TAC 34. In response, in step 403 the protocol processor 121 receives a GSM
RIL3- RR channel assignment message. Tn step 404 the protocol processor 121 then sends a GSM RIL3-MM detach message for the SIM llla to the TAC 34.
In step 405, the response to the GSM RIL3-MM detach message is a LAPDm unnumbered acknowledgment (UA) message from the TAC 34, followed, in step 406, by the GSM RIL3-MM authentication xequest received. On receipt of the authentication request, the protocol processor 121 in step 407 calculates the authentication response using the GSlt4 authentication algorithm, and in step 408 sends it to the TAC 34 in a GSM RIL3-MM authentication response messt~ge. in step 409, the response from the TAC 34 is a GSM l~.rL3-1W'VI
detach acknowledgment received by the protocol processor 121. In step 410, the protocol processor 121. receives a GSM RIL3-RR chanrrel~release from the TAC 34. In step 411, the protocol processor 121 checks if the SIM lI lb is installed at the switched SI11~I interface 125. I~it is, the GSM detach procedure is repeated starling at step 402, but this time specifying the SIM Illb in the GSM RIL3-?0 1VL'~2 detach message in step 404. In step 41,2, only after the GSM detach procedure has been completed for each installed SIM is the power turned off to the TA 36. The TA 36 must be powered off prior to removing the SIlVi llla from the SIM Interface 122. The activate SIM switch 150 must be in the "deactivated"
position prior to removing the SIM lI lb from the switched SIlbZ ixlterface 125.
Subscriber Places a Call (Figures 7a and ?b) The algorithm shown in Figuxe 7 is executed by the protocol processor 121 when the ISDN set 38 or the analog set with IS1~N' adapter 39 is used by the subscriber to place a call. From the perspective of the protocol processor 121, the analog set with ISDh' adapter 39 presents the same call control signaling interface as the ISDN set 38. Either of these devices, when used by the ' I?

er,%FOnFr1 ~HFET

.._ . . . ,., .. .......,...... ,. . _ 1.-.,r~ . _w. W ~ ::i~:- vim :~:rrv--rA,-:o o:n :m:rrr-rvio~m:.:.t, docket No. 22171.70 -_ . _- . -subscriber to place a call, will, in step 450 of Figure 7a, send an ISDN Q.931 setup message via the SIT Bus interface 120 to the protocol processor 121, which initiates the call setup procedure. References to "ISDN set" in Figure 7 refer to both the ISDN set 38 and/or the analog set with ISDN adapter 39.
In step 451, the protocol processor 121 checks if the SIM llla is installed at the SIM interface 122, or if the SIM 111b is installed at the switched SIM
interface 125. If neither the SIM 111a nor the SIM lllb is installed, then in step 452 the protocol processor 121 instructs the voice service module 123 to provide an audible treatment to the subscriber. This treatment can be a pre-recorded voice announcement stating that there is no SIM installed, or a standard telephony "reorder" tone. If either the SII~ 111a or the SIM 111b is installed, then the protocol processor I21 proceeds to step 453.
When placing a call, the subscriber must press the octothvrpe key (#) after dialing the called number. In step 4~3, the protocol processor 121 examines the 1~ contents of the ISDN Q.931 setup message. If the ISDN Q.931 setup message contains no dialed digits, or if the called party address in the ISDN Q.931 setup message contains a string of dialed digits that. does not end with an octotharpe (#), then in step 454 the protocol processor 121 starts an interdigit timer, and collects digits until an octothorpe (#) is encountered. Tn step 455, the protocol processor 121 determines if the ISDN 01.931 setup message contains dialed digits.
If there are no dialed digits, then in step 457 the protocol processor 121 also instructs the voice service module 123 to play dialtone to the ISDN set 38 or - ISDN adapter I16. In step 4b9, when the protocol processor 121 receives the ?5 first digit, then in step 460 it instructs the voice service module 123 to stop the dial tone. When the protocol processor 121 receives a digit in step 458 or in step 459, then in step 461 it stops the interdigit timer.
The interdigit timer is noxnaally five seconds, but can be configured to other values. If the interdigit timer expires {step 466) betwveen the reception of individual ditgits at any time prior to the protocol processor 121 receiving an octothorpe, then in step 467 the voice service module 123 provides an audible ~~yryll~i~ ~;iF=

Kl. ~ . WV : I:1'r~ - H~. L:.el.l il:\ 'r~~ . y _ .L-~:3 : ::,'tl ~ 1 a3 : .?
1~!~ EiF 1 6~~)-~ +4;3 t3;3 :..~~39Sj'1~4G~ : //'~7 - Docket No. 22171.70 _ _ _ __. _.
treatment to the ISDN set 38 or ISDl~T adapter 116. This treatment can be a pre-recorded voice announcement instructing the subscriber to redial the called number, or a standard telephony "reorder" tone.
Each time the protocol processor 121 receives a digit at step 458 and step 459, it first stops the interdigit timer at step 46x, and then in step 462 checks if the received digit is an octothorpe. If it is not, the protocol processor 121 starts the interdigit timer, and in step 463 waits for the next digit.
If the digit is an octothorpe, then, referring to Figure 7b, the protocol processor 12I proceeds with the normal GSh~Z call setup procedure in step 468, v. 10 beginning by sending a GSM RIL3- radio resource channel request message to the TAC 34. If, in step 453 of Figure 7a, the called party address in the ISDN
C~.93I setup message coniaine a string of dialed digits ending with an octothorpe (~#), then beginning at step 468 in Figure 7b, the protocol processor 121 performs the normal GSM call setup procedure. Ire response to the GSM RIL3-RR
channel request message, in step 469 the TA 3f~ receives a GSM RIL3-RR
channel assignment. In step 470 the protocol processor 121 sends a GSM
RIL3-MM CM service request.
The response to the GSlbI RIL3-1~I11~r C1VI service request is a GSM
RIL3-RR LAPDm unnumbered acknowledgment (UA) message received in step 2U 4'll, followed by the GSM RIL3- MM authentication request received in step 472.
On receipt of the authentication request, the protocol processor 121 calculates the authentication response in step 473 using the GSM authentication algorithm, and sends it to the TAC in a GSM ftIL3- A'iM authentication response I message in step 474. At this point, the protocol processor 121 iun step 475 converts the ISDN x.931 setup message that vvas received in step 450 into a GSM RIL3-CC setup message, and sends it to the TAC 34.
Following this, in step 476 the TA 36 receives a GSM RIL3-CC call proceeding message, which the protocol processor 121 converts into an ISDN
Q.931 call proceeding message. In step 477, the protocol processor 121 sends it to the ISDN set 38 or ISDN adapter 116 via the SlT Bus Interface120. In a similar fashion, in step 4'78 the protocol processor I21 converts the incoming .,,. ... .. .. ...~w.."..., ..~r . . ~ -u-;~:~ . _w. ,.~ . -:mr..wm .~:-rra-Tmu c~:~ .:,~;~J:l~rbU_e:.;iS
' Docket No. 22171.70 . _ ~ _. - ._ GSM RIL3-CC alerting message into an ISDN Q.931 alerting message, which, in step 479 is sent to the ISDN set 38 or ISDItT adapter 116. When the called party answers, in step 480 the protocol processor 121 converts the resultant incoming GSM RIL3-CC connect message from the TAC 34 into an ISDNQ.931 connect message, which in step 481 iC passed to the ISDN set 38 or TSDh1 adaptex 116.
In step 482, an ISDN Q.931 connect acknowledgment message is received from the ISDN set 38 or ISDN adapter 116. In step 483, the protocol processor 121 sends a GSM RIL3-CC connect acknowledgment to the TAC 34. In step 484 the protocol processor 121 enters an active cull state, waiting for either an ISDN
.10 Q.931 disconnect message from the ISDN set 3$ or ISDN adapter i16, or a GSM
RTL3-CC disconnect message from the TAC 34.
Subscriber is Called (Figures 8a and 8b) In step o01 the protocol processor 121 waits for a paging request. The algorithm shown in Figure 8 is executed when, in step 502, the TA 36 receives a 1~ GSM RIL3-RR paging request message from the TAC 34. In step 503, the protocol processor 121 checks if the SIM specified in the paging request is installed at the SIM interface 122 ox the switched SIM interface 125. If the specified SIM is not installed, then the protocol processor 121 does not respond to the paging request, but returns to step 501., where it waits for a paging 20 request.
If the requested SIIVl is installed at either the SIM interface122 or at the Switched SIM Interface 125, then in step 504 the protocol processor 121 sends a GSM RIL3-RR channel request to the TAG 34. In step 505, the pxotocol processor 121 receives a GS14S RiL3-RR channel assignment message from the 25 TAC 34. In step X06, the protocol processor 121 sends a GS14~ RTL3-RR
paging response message to the TAC34> indicating that the paged SIM is available at the TA 36. The TAC 34 imzuediately responds with a GSM RIL3-RR LAPD
unnumbered acknowledgment (LJA) message which, in step 507, the Protocol processor 121 receives.
30 Following this, in step 508 the protocol processor 121 recei~ee a GSM
RIL3-MM authentication request from the TAC 34. In step 509 the protocol ' AAAFNJ1FI1 cu~~r r. .. ... .. ,....~... . -.. y -.):) . ~ , ,y . . ~.ir v.n ' ..J.rrW-~ .-r.r t.u ~~IV.yr-rvtyn~v ' __ Docket No. 22I71.70 _. . _ processor 121 calculates the value for the authentication response according to normal GSM authentication procedures. In step 510 the protocol processor 121 sends the GSM RIL3-MM authentication response message to the TAC 34. In.
step 511, the protocol processor 121 receives a GSM RIL3~ call control (CC) setup message from the TAC 34. In step 512, the protocol processor 121 responds to the TAC 34 with a GSM RIL3- CC call coza,&rmed mes8age, then converts the GSM RIL3-CC Setup message into an ISDN Q.931 Setup message and at step 513 sends that to the ISDN set 38 and to the ISDN adapter 11f . In step 514, the protocol processor 121 receives an ISDN Q.931 call proceeding message from the ISDN set 38 sad the ISDN adapter 116.
Referring now to Figure Sb, in step 515, the protocol processor 121 receives an ISDN G.~.931 alerting message. In step 57.6, the protocol processor 121 sends a GSM RIL3-CC alerting message to the TAC 34. In step 517, when the protocol processor 121 receives an ISDN Q.931 connect message from either the ISDN set 38 or the ISDN adapter 116, in step X18 it is converted toa GSM
RIL3-CC connect message, which is sent to the TAC 34. In step 519, in response to this message, the TAC 84 sends a GSM RIL3-CC connect acknowledgment message. In step 520, the protocol processor 121 converts this to a ISDNQ.931 connect acknowledgment message, and sends it to the ISDN set 3$ or theISDN
,.
adapter 118. In step 321, the protocol processor 121 then enters an active call state, waiting for either an ISDI~' Q.931 disconnect message from the ISDN set 38 or ISDNadapter 118, or a GSM RIL3-CC disconnect message from the TAC
34.
Switched SIM Deactivation (Figure 9) The algorithm shovt~n in Figure 9 is executed when the activate SIbZ
switch 150 is set to the "deactivate" position. In. step 550 'Che pz~otocol praeessor 121 detects this change through the switch circuit connection 154. In step 501 the protocol processor 121 sends a GSM RIL3-RR channel request message to the TAC 34. In response, the protocol processor 121 receives a GSM RILE-RR
channel assignment message in step 552. The protocol processor 121 then sends a.GSM RIL3-MM detach message for the SIM 111b to the TAC 34 in step 553.

AMENDED SHEET

,... , . " . . ~_~ .v - ." ,...w.,... . m r ~ . ~r-;~:~ ~ _v ~ ~ ~r . ..:, mr m:~ t ~~:~~rv- .. r~r;~ o:.i _.~;~:~~r~rcnyn..sm docket hTo. 22171-70 _. .- .
In step 554, the response to theGSM RIL3- NIM detach message is a Lru'Dm unnumbered acknowledgment (UA) message from the TAC 34, followed by the GSM RIL3-MM authentication request received, in step 555. On receipt of the authentication request, the protocol processor 121 calculates the authentication response in step 556 using the GSM authentication algorithm, and sends it to the TAC 34 in a GSM RIL3-MM authentication responsemessage in step 557. In step 558, the protocol processor 121 receives a GSMRILB-MM detach acknowledgnnent from the TAC 34. Following this, the protocol processor 121 receives a GSM RZL3-RR channel release~message from the TAC 34 in step 559.
In step 560, the protocol processor 121 enters a~state in which it waits for the activate SIM switch 125 to be switched back to the "activate" position.
Terminal Adapter Controller (TAC 34) Flow Chart (Figure 10) The algorithms of the TAC 34 are shown in Figure 10. When the TAC 34 receives a message from the BSC 24 in step 602, the TA controller application X 5 214 checks in step 603 whr~ther the messaga is ~rozn the TA 36 or ~rom the BSC
24. If from the TA 36, in step 604 the TA controller application 21.~ checks if it is a GSM RIL3-RR channel request message. If not, the TA controller application 214 relays the message unaltered to the BSC 24 in step 600, and proceeds to step 601, where it waits for the next ixicoming message.
If the message in step 604 is a GSM RIL3-RR channel request message, then in step 609 the TA controller application 2I4 stores information from the message that it needs to properly switch the traffic channel connection. The TA
controller application 214 then sends the message unaltered to the BSC 24 in step 610, and proceeds to step 601, where it waits for the next incoming message.
At step 603, if the message is from the BSC 24, then the TA controllex application 214 checks in step 606 if it is a GSM RIL3-RR channel assignment message, a GSM RIL3- channel release message, a GSM RIL3-RR cipher mode message, or a GSM RIL3-RR paging request. If it is not one of these, the TA
controller application 214 relays the message unaltered to the T.A 36 in step 60'7, and proceeds to step 601 where it waits for the next incoming message. If the TA

;~~rE~~Ep ~NE~'"

_ Docket No. 22I71,70 _ __ r . _ Controller Application 214 is processing a GSM RIL3- RR channel assignment message, it stores information from the message in step 613 that it needs to properly switch the traffic channel connection. It then relays the message unaltered to the TA 36 in step 614, az~d proceeds to step 601 where it waits for the next incoming message.
In step 606, if the message is a GSM RIL3-RR channel release message, the TA controller application 214 clears the information for switching the traffic chann~ei connection associated with that message in step 616. It then relays the message unaltered to the TA 36 in step 617, and proceeds to step 601 where it ... . 10 waits for the next incoming message. In step 606, if the message is a RR paging request message, then in. step 613 the TA Controller application 214 broadcasts the massage to all TA's 36 which are connected to the TAC 34. The TA Controller application 214 then proceeds to step 601 w hexe it waits far the next incoming message.
In step 606, if the message is a GSM RIL3-R~R cipher mode, then the TA
controller application 214 sends a GS11~I RIL3- RR cipher mode complete message to the BSC 24 in step 621. The GSM ftIL3-RR cipher mode message is not relayed to the TA 36. The TA controller application 214 then proceeds to step 601 where it waits for the next incoming message.
Although an illustrative embodiment of the invention has been shown and described, other modifications, changes, and substitutions are intended in the foregoing disclosure. Accordingly, it is appropriate that the appended claixns be construed broadly and in a manner consistent with the scope of the invention.

_. _....

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A system to enable communication between a base station controller (24) within a cellular network (12), and a wired telephone system (14,16) in a wired subscriber loop (37), wherein the base station controller (24) is responsive to, and generates, cellular network signaling, and the wired telephone system (14,16) is responsive to, and generates, wired signals, the system characterized in that:
a. a protocol, processor (121), in said wired telephone system, receptive to the wired signals, for generating processed signals;
b. a terminal adapter controller (34), in said wired telephone system, conductively coupled both to the base station controller (24) and to the protocol processor (121), the terminal adapter controller further being receptive to the processed signals, for generating cellular network signals and exchanging said cellular network signals between said wired telephone system (14, 16) and said cellular network (12); and c. a module (111a, 111b) for enabling said base station controller (24) to locate a subscriber within said wired telephone system (14, 16).

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the cellular network signaling is GSM signaling.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the cellular network signaling is Advanced Mobile Phone System signaling.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the cellular network signaling is Time Division Multiple Access signaling.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the cellular network signaling is Code Division Multiple Access signaling.

6. The system as in any of claims 1-5, further comprising a voice service module (123) conductively coupled to the protocol processor (121), for compressing voice data to standard cellular compression.

7. A system to enable communication between a base station controller (24) within a cellular network (12), and a wired telephone system (14, 16) in a wired subscriber loop (37), wherein the base station controller (24) is responsive to, and generates, cellular network signaling, and the wired telephone system (14, 16) is responsive to, and generates, wired signals, the system characterized in that:
a. means (121), in said wired telephone system, for converting wired signals to cellular network signals; and b. means (34), in said wired telephone system, for converting mobility events in the wired telephone system (14, 16) to cellular network signals and exchanging said cellular network signals between said wired telephone system (14, 16) and said base station controller {24); and c. means (111a, 111b) for enabling said base station controller (24) to locate a subscriber in said wired telephone system (14, 16).

8. The system of claim 7, wherein the cellular network signaling is GSM signaling.

9. The system of claim 7, wherein the cellular network signaling is Advanced Mobile Phone System signaling.

10. The system o~ claim 7, wherein the cellular network signaling is Time Division Multiple Access signaling.

11. The system of claim 7, wherein the cellular network signaling is Code Division Multiple Access signaling.

12. The system as in any of claims 7-11, further comprising means for compressing voice data (123) to standard cellular compression.

13. A method of enabling communication between a base station controller (24) within a cellular network (12), and a wired telephone system (14, 16) in a wired subscriber loop (37), wherein the base station controller (24) is responsive to, and generates, cellular network signaling, and the wired telephone system (14, 16) is responsive to, and generates, wired signals, the system characterized in that:
a. converting signals from said wired telephone system to cellular network signals; and b. converting , by a terminal adapter controller (34), located in said wired telephone system (14, 16), mobility events in the wired telephone system. (14, 16) to cellular network signals and exchanging said cellular network signals between said wired telephone system (14, 16) and said base station controller (24); and c. enabling said base station controller (24) to locaate a sbuscriber in said wired telephone system (14, 16).

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the cellular network signaling is GSM signaling.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the cellular network signaling is Advanced Mobile Phone System signaling.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the cellular network signaling is Time Division Multiple Access signaling,

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the cellular network signaling is Code Division Multiple Access signaling.

18. The method of any of claims 13-17, further comprising the step of compressing voice data to standard cellular compression.

19. CANCELED

20. CANCELED

21. CANCELED

22. CANCELED

23. CANCELED

24. CANCELED

25. A system according to claim 7 further comprising:
a first telephone (38) coupled to said wired telephone system {14, 16); and a second telephone (39) coupled to said wired telephone system (14, 16).

26. A system according to claim 25 wherein said means for enabling (111a, 111b) comprises subscriber related information.

27. A system according to claim 26 wherein said first telephone (38) and said second telephone (39) are capable of receiving said subscriber information.

28. A system according to claim 27 wherein said base station controller (24) associates said subscriber with said first telephone (38) when said subscriber information is received by said first telephone (38).

29. A system according to claim 28 wherein said base station controller (24) associates said subscriber with said second telephone (39) when sand subscriber information is received by said second telephone (39).

30. A system according to claim 29 wherein said base station controller (24) provides communications for said subscriber to said first telephone (38) when said subscriber information ie associated therewith.

31. A system according to claim 30 wherein said base station controller (24) provides communications for said subscriber to said second telephone (39) when said subscriber information is associated therewith.