CA2332475C - Two-axis ball-based cursor control with tactile feedback - Google Patents
Two-axis ball-based cursor control with tactile feedback Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2332475C CA2332475C CA002332475A CA2332475A CA2332475C CA 2332475 C CA2332475 C CA 2332475C CA 002332475 A CA002332475 A CA 002332475A CA 2332475 A CA2332475 A CA 2332475A CA 2332475 C CA2332475 C CA 2332475C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- spherical ball
- sensor mechanisms
- pair
- axis
- ball
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/011—Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/033—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
- G06F3/0354—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor with detection of 2D relative movements between the device, or an operating part thereof, and a plane or surface, e.g. 2D mice, trackballs, pens or pucks
- G06F3/03549—Trackballs
Abstract
A two-axis ball-based cursor control apparatus with tactile feeling is provided, which includes a housing; a spherical ball contained partially within the housing and having a plurality of recesses distributed about its outer surface; two pairs of spring biased sensor mechanisms each including a probe, a spring, and a transducer;
and a means for processing the signals received from the sensor mechanisms. Each of the four probes is positioned so that it rests within one of the recesses on the spherical ball when the ball is stationary. As the ball is rotated, the probes are pushed up and out of the recesses by the ball, causing the corresponding springs to alternately compress and decompress, before the probes come to rest in adjacent recesses. Each transducer generates an electrical signal corresponding to the rate of compression and decompression in the corresponding spring. The signal processing means then translates the signals from each of the transducers into movement of a cursor on an electronic display screen which corresponds to the rotation of the spherical ball about each of its axes.
and a means for processing the signals received from the sensor mechanisms. Each of the four probes is positioned so that it rests within one of the recesses on the spherical ball when the ball is stationary. As the ball is rotated, the probes are pushed up and out of the recesses by the ball, causing the corresponding springs to alternately compress and decompress, before the probes come to rest in adjacent recesses. Each transducer generates an electrical signal corresponding to the rate of compression and decompression in the corresponding spring. The signal processing means then translates the signals from each of the transducers into movement of a cursor on an electronic display screen which corresponds to the rotation of the spherical ball about each of its axes.
Claims (19)
1. A two-axis ball-based cursor control apparatus providing for discrete, uniform displacements in each direction of rotation in order to achieve a precise alignment of a cursor and target in electronic displays while simultaneously providing tactile feedback to the user corresponding to each incremental displacement, said cursor control apparatus comprising:
- a housing;
- a spherical ball contained at least partially within said housing, said spherical ball capable of rotating about at least two axes, and said spherical ball further including a plurality of recesses distributed about the outer surface of said spherical ball;
- a first pair of spring biased sensor mechanisms disposed within the housing, including a first sensor mechanism and a second sensor mechanism for measuring the displacement of said spherical ball about a first axis of rotation, and a second pair of spring biased sensor mechanisms disposed within the housing, including a third sensor mechanism and a fourth sensor mechanism for measuring the displacement of said spherical ball about a second axis of rotation; and - wherein each of said sensor mechanisms includes a probe configured to rest within said recesses on said spherical ball, a spring serving to bias said probe toward the surface of said spherical ball, whereby said spring compresses and decompresses as a result of the normal force exerted on said probe by the sides of said recesses as said spherical ball is rotated, and a transducer connecting with said spring for generating an electrical signal corresponding to the rate of compression and decompression of said spring; and - a means for processing the signals received from said sensor mechanism in order to determine the direction and rate of rotation of said spherical ball about each axis of rotation based on the waveform of the signals received from each of said transducers.
- a housing;
- a spherical ball contained at least partially within said housing, said spherical ball capable of rotating about at least two axes, and said spherical ball further including a plurality of recesses distributed about the outer surface of said spherical ball;
- a first pair of spring biased sensor mechanisms disposed within the housing, including a first sensor mechanism and a second sensor mechanism for measuring the displacement of said spherical ball about a first axis of rotation, and a second pair of spring biased sensor mechanisms disposed within the housing, including a third sensor mechanism and a fourth sensor mechanism for measuring the displacement of said spherical ball about a second axis of rotation; and - wherein each of said sensor mechanisms includes a probe configured to rest within said recesses on said spherical ball, a spring serving to bias said probe toward the surface of said spherical ball, whereby said spring compresses and decompresses as a result of the normal force exerted on said probe by the sides of said recesses as said spherical ball is rotated, and a transducer connecting with said spring for generating an electrical signal corresponding to the rate of compression and decompression of said spring; and - a means for processing the signals received from said sensor mechanism in order to determine the direction and rate of rotation of said spherical ball about each axis of rotation based on the waveform of the signals received from each of said transducers.
2. The two-axis cursor control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said probes associated with said first and second sensor mechanisms are of substantially identical shape and orientation, and said probes associated with said third and fourth sensor mechanisms are of substantially identical shape and orientation, so that when said spherical ball is rotated about of its axes, both of springs corresponding to each pair of sensor mechanisms are compressed in a like fashion, such that the waveforms generated by a pair of sensor mechanisms are identical in shape to one another, while having a different shape than the waveforms generated by the other pair of sensor mechanisms.
3. The two-axis cursor control apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said probes associated with said first and second sensor mechanisms are offset from one another relative to said recesses on said spherical ball, and said probes associated with said third and fourth sensor mechanisms are offset from one another relative to said recesses on said spherical ball, such that when said spherical ball is rotated about one axis, the electrical signals generated by at least one pair of said sensor mechanisms manifest a phase shift, thereby permitting said signal processing means to determine the direction of rotation of said spherical ball about that axis.
4. The two-axis cursor control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said spherical ball protrudes partially from said housing such that said spherical ball is directly rotated by the user in order to generate motion of a cursor on an electric display screen.
5. The two-axis cursor control apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising at least one switch element for allowing the user to select options corresponding to particular cursor locations on an electronic display screen.
6. The two-axis cursor control apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said at least one switch element comprises at least one button element which is manipulated directly by pressure applied thereto by the user, triggering said switch element.
7. The two-axis cursor control apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said at least one switch element is positioned so as to contact said spherical ball when pressure is applied to said spherical ball by the user, causing said spherical ball to depress said switch element, thereby triggering said switch elements.
8. A two-axis ball-based cursor control apparatus providing for displacements in each direction of rotation to achieve a precise alignment of a cursor and target in electronic displays while simultaneously providing tactile feedback to a user corresponding to each incremental displacement, the cursor control apparatus comprising:
a housing;
a spherical ball contained at least partially within the housing, the spherical ball capable of rotating about at least two axes, and the spherical ball further including a plurality of recesses distributed about the outer surface of the spherical ball;
a first pair of spring biased sensor mechanisms disposed within the housing, including a first sensor mechanism and a second sensor mechanism for measuring displacement of the spherical ball about a first axis of rotation;
a second pair of spring biased sensor mechanisms disposed within the housing, including a third sensor mechanism and a fourth sensor mechanism for measuring displacement of the spherical ball about a second axis of rotation;
wherein each of the sensor mechanisms includes a probe configured to rest within the recesses on the spherical ball, a spring serving to bias the probe toward the surface of the spherical ball, whereby the spring compresses and decompresses as a result of a normal force exerted on the probe by sides of the recesses as the spherical ball is rotated, and a transducer connecting with the spring for generating an electrical signal, corresponding to a rate of compression and decompression of the spring;
wherein the probes associated with the first and second sensor mechanisms are of substantially identical shape and orientation, and the probes associated with the third and fourth sensor mechanisms are of substantially identical shape and orientation, so that when the spherical ball is rotated about one of its axes, both of the springs corresponding to each pair of sensor mechanisms are compressed in a like fashion, such that waveforms generated by a pair of sensor mechanisms are identical in shape to one another, while having a shape different from waveforms generated by the other pair of sensor mechanisms; and means for processing the electrical signal, corresponding to the rate of compression and decompression, received from the sensor mechanisms to determine direction and rate of rotation of the spherical ball about each axis of rotation based on a waveform of the electrical signal received from each of the transducers.
a housing;
a spherical ball contained at least partially within the housing, the spherical ball capable of rotating about at least two axes, and the spherical ball further including a plurality of recesses distributed about the outer surface of the spherical ball;
a first pair of spring biased sensor mechanisms disposed within the housing, including a first sensor mechanism and a second sensor mechanism for measuring displacement of the spherical ball about a first axis of rotation;
a second pair of spring biased sensor mechanisms disposed within the housing, including a third sensor mechanism and a fourth sensor mechanism for measuring displacement of the spherical ball about a second axis of rotation;
wherein each of the sensor mechanisms includes a probe configured to rest within the recesses on the spherical ball, a spring serving to bias the probe toward the surface of the spherical ball, whereby the spring compresses and decompresses as a result of a normal force exerted on the probe by sides of the recesses as the spherical ball is rotated, and a transducer connecting with the spring for generating an electrical signal, corresponding to a rate of compression and decompression of the spring;
wherein the probes associated with the first and second sensor mechanisms are of substantially identical shape and orientation, and the probes associated with the third and fourth sensor mechanisms are of substantially identical shape and orientation, so that when the spherical ball is rotated about one of its axes, both of the springs corresponding to each pair of sensor mechanisms are compressed in a like fashion, such that waveforms generated by a pair of sensor mechanisms are identical in shape to one another, while having a shape different from waveforms generated by the other pair of sensor mechanisms; and means for processing the electrical signal, corresponding to the rate of compression and decompression, received from the sensor mechanisms to determine direction and rate of rotation of the spherical ball about each axis of rotation based on a waveform of the electrical signal received from each of the transducers.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the probes associated with the first and second sensor mechanisms are offset from one another relative to the recesses on the spherical ball, and the probes associated with the third and fourth sensor mechanisms are offset from one another relative to the recesses on the spherical ball, such that when the spherical ball is rotated about one axis, the electrical signals generated by at least one pair of the sensor mechanisms manifest a phase shift, thereby permitting the signal processing means to determine direction of rotation of the spherical ball about that axis.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the spherical ball protrudes partially from the housing such that the spherical ball is directly rotated by the user to generate motion of a cursor on an electronic display screen.
11. The apparatus of claim 8, further comprising at least one switch element for allowing the user to select options corresponding to particular cursor locations on an electronic display screen.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the at least one switch element comprises at least one button element which is manipulated directly by pressure applied thereto by the user, triggering the switch element.
13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the at least one switch element is positioned so as to contact the spherical ball when pressure is applied to the spherical ball by the user, causing the spherical ball to depress the switch element, thereby triggering the switch element.
14. A method for detecting displacement of a ball-based cursor control apparatus, comprising:
providing a plurality of recesses distributed about an outer surface of a spherical ball of the ball-based cursor control apparatus;
providing a probe and a spring in each sensor mechanism, wherein the spring is configured to bias the probe to rest within the recesses on the spherical ball; using a transducer connecting the spring for generating electrical signals;
generating a first electrical signal, corresponding to rate of compression and decompression, of a first pair of sensor mechanisms that interacts with the recesses;
and processing the first electrical signal, corresponding to the rate of compression and decompression, received from the first pair of sensor mechanisms to determine direction and rate of rotation of the spherical ball about a first axis of rotation based on waveform of the first electrical signal.
providing a plurality of recesses distributed about an outer surface of a spherical ball of the ball-based cursor control apparatus;
providing a probe and a spring in each sensor mechanism, wherein the spring is configured to bias the probe to rest within the recesses on the spherical ball; using a transducer connecting the spring for generating electrical signals;
generating a first electrical signal, corresponding to rate of compression and decompression, of a first pair of sensor mechanisms that interacts with the recesses;
and processing the first electrical signal, corresponding to the rate of compression and decompression, received from the first pair of sensor mechanisms to determine direction and rate of rotation of the spherical ball about a first axis of rotation based on waveform of the first electrical signal.
15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
generating a second electrical signal corresponding to rate of compression and decompression of a second pair of sensor mechanisms that interacts with the recesses;
and processing the second electrical signal received from the second pair of sensor mechanisms to determine direction and rate of rotation of the spherical ball about a second axis of rotation based on waveform of the second electrical signal.
generating a second electrical signal corresponding to rate of compression and decompression of a second pair of sensor mechanisms that interacts with the recesses;
and processing the second electrical signal received from the second pair of sensor mechanisms to determine direction and rate of rotation of the spherical ball about a second axis of rotation based on waveform of the second electrical signal.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the probes associated with the first pair of sensor mechanisms are of substantially identical shape and orientation, and the probes associated with the second pair of sensor mechanisms are of substantially identical shape and orientation, so that when the spherical ball is rotated about one of its axes, both of the springs corresponding to each pair of sensor mechanisms are compressed in a like fashion, such that the waveforms generated by a pair of sensor mechanisms are identical in shape to one another, while having a shape different from the waveforms generated by the other pair of sensor mechanisms.
17. The method of claim 15, wherein the probes associated with the first pair of sensor mechanisms are offset from one another relative to the recesses on the spherical ball, and the probes associated with the second pair of sensor mechanisms are offset from one another relative to the recesses on the spherical ball, such that when the spherical ball is rotated about one axis, the electrical signals generated by at least one pair of the sensor mechanisms manifest a phase shift, thereby permitting determination of the direction of rotation of the spherical ball about that axis.
18. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
allowing a user of the ball-based cursor control apparatus to select options corresponding to particular cursor locations on an electronic display screen by using at least one switch element associated with the ball-based cursor control apparatus.
allowing a user of the ball-based cursor control apparatus to select options corresponding to particular cursor locations on an electronic display screen by using at least one switch element associated with the ball-based cursor control apparatus.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the at least one switch element comprises at least one button element which is manipulated directly by pressure applied thereto by the user, triggering the switch element.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002332475A CA2332475C (en) | 2001-01-29 | 2001-01-29 | Two-axis ball-based cursor control with tactile feedback |
| US10/059,463 US6937228B2 (en) | 2001-01-29 | 2002-01-29 | Two-axis ball-based cursor control apparatus with tactile feedback |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002332475A CA2332475C (en) | 2001-01-29 | 2001-01-29 | Two-axis ball-based cursor control with tactile feedback |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2332475A1 CA2332475A1 (en) | 2002-07-29 |
| CA2332475C true CA2332475C (en) | 2006-08-01 |
Family
ID=4168180
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002332475A Expired - Fee Related CA2332475C (en) | 2001-01-29 | 2001-01-29 | Two-axis ball-based cursor control with tactile feedback |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6937228B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2332475C (en) |
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| JP2005321996A (en) * | 2004-05-07 | 2005-11-17 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | Information input device and method |
| FR2887657B1 (en) * | 2005-06-27 | 2007-09-07 | Itt Mfg Enterprises Inc | BALL DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING DISPLACEMENTS OF A CURSOR ON A SCREEN |
| WO2008106777A1 (en) * | 2007-03-02 | 2008-09-12 | Storefront.Com Online Inc. | Photo kiosk controlled by rotational hand movement |
| US20110109555A1 (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2011-05-12 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Interface system including trackball |
| US11513675B2 (en) * | 2012-12-29 | 2022-11-29 | Apple Inc. | User interface for manipulating user interface objects |
| US10545657B2 (en) | 2013-09-03 | 2020-01-28 | Apple Inc. | User interface for manipulating user interface objects |
| EP3822759A1 (en) | 2013-09-03 | 2021-05-19 | Apple Inc. | User interface for manipulating user interface objects |
| US11068128B2 (en) | 2013-09-03 | 2021-07-20 | Apple Inc. | User interface object manipulations in a user interface |
| CN106462340B (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2019-09-13 | 苹果公司 | The user interface that size reduces |
| CN112199000A (en) | 2014-09-02 | 2021-01-08 | 苹果公司 | Multi-dimensional object rearrangement |
| US10073590B2 (en) | 2014-09-02 | 2018-09-11 | Apple Inc. | Reduced size user interface |
| WO2016036509A1 (en) | 2014-09-02 | 2016-03-10 | Apple Inc. | Electronic mail user interface |
| CN110072131A (en) | 2014-09-02 | 2019-07-30 | 苹果公司 | Music user interface |
| WO2016036416A1 (en) | 2014-09-02 | 2016-03-10 | Apple Inc. | Button functionality |
| US10365807B2 (en) | 2015-03-02 | 2019-07-30 | Apple Inc. | Control of system zoom magnification using a rotatable input mechanism |
| US10001836B2 (en) * | 2016-06-18 | 2018-06-19 | Xiong Huang | Finger mounted computer input device and method for making the same |
| DK201670595A1 (en) | 2016-06-11 | 2018-01-22 | Apple Inc | Configuring context-specific user interfaces |
| DK179888B1 (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2019-08-27 | Apple Inc. | CONTENT-BASED TACTICAL OUTPUTS |
| US11435830B2 (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2022-09-06 | Apple Inc. | Content-based tactile outputs |
| US11893212B2 (en) | 2021-06-06 | 2024-02-06 | Apple Inc. | User interfaces for managing application widgets |
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2001
- 2001-01-29 CA CA002332475A patent/CA2332475C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-01-29 US US10/059,463 patent/US6937228B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2332475A1 (en) | 2002-07-29 |
| US6937228B2 (en) | 2005-08-30 |
| US20020101402A1 (en) | 2002-08-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |