CA2379353A1 - A new method for continuous measurement of flux of gases in the lungs during breathing - Google Patents

A new method for continuous measurement of flux of gases in the lungs during breathing Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2379353A1
CA2379353A1 CA002379353A CA2379353A CA2379353A1 CA 2379353 A1 CA2379353 A1 CA 2379353A1 CA 002379353 A CA002379353 A CA 002379353A CA 2379353 A CA2379353 A CA 2379353A CA 2379353 A1 CA2379353 A1 CA 2379353A1
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Prior art keywords
gas
expiratory
circuit
limb
sgf
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CA002379353A
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French (fr)
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CA2379353C (en
Inventor
Joseph Fisher
David Preiss
Takafumi Azami
Alex Vesely
Eitan Prisman
Tehilla Adams
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Thornhill Scientific Inc
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Individual
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Priority to CA2379353A priority Critical patent/CA2379353C/en
Priority to CA 2419103 priority patent/CA2419103A1/en
Priority to CA002419575A priority patent/CA2419575A1/en
Priority to CA002419622A priority patent/CA2419622A1/en
Priority to AU2003212165A priority patent/AU2003212165A1/en
Priority to JP2003579920A priority patent/JP2005521484A/en
Priority to PCT/CA2003/000399 priority patent/WO2003082390A1/en
Priority to US10/509,068 priority patent/US7913690B2/en
Priority to CA002480558A priority patent/CA2480558A1/en
Priority to EP03707977A priority patent/EP1487525A1/en
Publication of CA2379353A1 publication Critical patent/CA2379353A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2379353C publication Critical patent/CA2379353C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/41—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the immune or lymphatic systems
    • A61B5/412—Detecting or monitoring sepsis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
    • A61B5/083—Measuring rate of metabolism by using breath test, e.g. measuring rate of oxygen consumption
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
    • A61B5/087—Measuring breath flow
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/48—Other medical applications
    • A61B5/4821—Determining level or depth of anaesthesia
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/021—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes operated by electrical means
    • A61M16/022—Control means therefor
    • A61M16/024—Control means therefor including calculation means, e.g. using a processor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/20—Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
    • A61M16/201—Controlled valves
    • A61M16/202—Controlled valves electrically actuated
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/20—Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
    • A61M16/201—Controlled valves
    • A61M16/202—Controlled valves electrically actuated
    • A61M16/203—Proportional
    • A61M16/204—Proportional used for inhalation control
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/20—Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
    • A61M16/201—Controlled valves
    • A61M16/202—Controlled valves electrically actuated
    • A61M16/203—Proportional
    • A61M16/205—Proportional used for exhalation control
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/20—Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
    • A61M16/201—Controlled valves
    • A61M16/206—Capsule valves, e.g. mushroom, membrane valves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
    • A61B2562/0219—Inertial sensors, e.g. accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt switches
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
    • A61B5/083—Measuring rate of metabolism by using breath test, e.g. measuring rate of oxygen consumption
    • A61B5/0833—Measuring rate of oxygen consumption
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
    • A61B5/083—Measuring rate of metabolism by using breath test, e.g. measuring rate of oxygen consumption
    • A61B5/0836—Measuring rate of CO2 production
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0045—Means for re-breathing exhaled gases, e.g. for hyperventilation treatment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/08—Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
    • A61M16/0816—Joints or connectors
    • A61M16/0833—T- or Y-type connectors, e.g. Y-piece
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/20—Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
    • A61M16/208—Non-controlled one-way valves, e.g. exhalation, check, pop-off non-rebreathing valves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/20—Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
    • A61M16/208—Non-controlled one-way valves, e.g. exhalation, check, pop-off non-rebreathing valves
    • A61M16/209—Relief valves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/22—Carbon dioxide-absorbing devices ; Other means for removing carbon dioxide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
    • A61M2230/40—Respiratory characteristics
    • A61M2230/43—Composition of exhalation
    • A61M2230/432—Composition of exhalation partial CO2 pressure (P-CO2)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
    • A61M2230/40—Respiratory characteristics
    • A61M2230/43—Composition of exhalation
    • A61M2230/435—Composition of exhalation partial O2 pressure (P-O2)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
    • A61M2230/40—Respiratory characteristics
    • A61M2230/43—Composition of exhalation
    • A61M2230/437—Composition of exhalation the anaesthetic agent concentration

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Obesity (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)

Abstract

A method of calculating the flux of any gas(x) in a CBC circuit for a ventilated or a spontaneous breathing subject, for example said gas(x) being; a) an anesthetic such as but limited to; i) N20; ii) sevoflurane; iii) isoflurane; iv) halothane; v) desflurame; or the like b) Oxygen; c) Carbon dioxide; or the like utilizing the following relationships;: Flux of gas(x) = SGF (Fsx - FEx) wherein SGF = Source of gas flow into the breathing circuit (CBC circuit) in liters/minute as read from the gas flow meter as set by the anesthesiologist; Fsx = Fractional concentration of gas X in the source gas (which is set by the anesthesiologist); FEx = Fractional concentration of gas X in the end expired gas as determined by a portable gas analyzer, or the like.

Claims (19)

1. A method of calculating the flux of any gas(x) in a CBC circuit for a ventilated or a spontaneous breathing subject, for example said gas(x) being;
a) an anesthetic such as but limited to;
i) N2O;
ii) sevoflurane;
iii) isoflurane;
iv) halothane;
v) desflurame;
or the like b) Oxygen;
c) Carbon dioxide;
or the like utilizing the following relationships;
Flux of gas(x) = SGF (Fsx - FEx) wherein SGF = Source of gas flow into the breathing circuit (CBC circuit) in liters/minute as read from the gas flow meter as set by the anesthesiologist;

F sx = Fractional concentration of gas X in the source gas (which is set by the anesthesiologist);
F Ex = Fractional concentration of gas X in the end expired gas as determined by a portable gas analyzer, or the like.
2. A method of calculating the flux of oxygen in a CBC circuit for a ventilated and/or spontaneous breathing subject utilizing the following relationship;
Flux of oxygen = SGF (F so2 - F Eo2) wherein SGF = Source of gas flow into the breathing circuit (CBC circuit) in liters/minute as read from the gas flow meter as set by the anesthesiologist;
F sx = Fractional concentration of gas O2 in the source has (which is set by the anesthesiologist);
F Ex = Fractional concentration of gas O2 in the end expired gas as determined by a portable gas analyzer, or the like.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2 wherein the CBC circuit is selected from the group consisting of i) a circle circuit; ii) a Magill breathing circuit; iii) an isocapnia circuit, whether breathing or non-breathing (as taught by co-pending Fisher et al), or the like.
4. The method of claim 1 or 2 wherein the CBC circuit is an improved Magill circuit as described herein.
5. The method of claim 1 or 2 wherein the CBC circuit is an improved rebreathing circuit as described herein.
6. The method of claim 1 or 2 wherein the CBC circuit is an improved non-rebreathing circuit as described herein.
7. The method of claim 2 used to determine oxygen consumption in order to measure cardiac out put by any known method, such as the Fick method.
8. The method of claim 2 used to determine oxygen consumption in, for example, an operating room setting or the like.
9. The method of claim 2 or 8 Used to optimize oxygen consumption.
10. The method of claim 2 or 8 utilized as an early indication of malignant hyperthermia.
11. A method of calculating the flux of any gas other than carbon dioxide, in a CBC
circuit with low gas flow of source gas and with a carbon dioxide absorber in place utilizing the following relationship;

Flux of gas X := SGF (FEX - FRBX) wherein SGF = Source of gas flow into the breathing circuit (CBC circuit) in liters/minute as read from the gas flow meter as set by the anesthesiologist;
F EX = Fractional concentration of gas X in the end expired gas as determined by a portable gas analyzer, or the like;
F RBX = Concentration of gas X in the expired limb of circuit before the gas passes through the carbon dioxide absorber and mixes with gas coming from the flow meter.
12. The method of claim 11 used to determine the flux of an anesthetic for example:
i) N2O;
ii) sevoflurane;
iii) isoflurane;
iv) halothane;
v) desflurame, or the like
13. The method of claim 12. used to determine how much anesthetic is being absorbed by the patient.
14. The method of claim 13 wherein said anesthetic is N2O.
15. An improved Magill circuit the improvement comprising an inspiratory and expiratory limbs, a pressure relief valve at the end of the expiratory limb, a port for entry of SGF, and a gas reservoir bag, the components of the Magill system utilized for spontaneous ventilation; or alternatively for controlled ventilation, the gas reservoir bag is enclosed in a container with a port for connection to a ventilator breathing circuit, the pressure relief valve being enclosed in a container with a port for connection to a ventilator breathing circuit;
wherein on exhalation, the patient breathes out through the patient port and during the initial part of exhalation, the gas reservoir is partially empty and the resistance to flow along the inspiratory limb is less than that of the expiratory limb because the higher opening pressure of the pressure relief valve must be overcome before flow can proceed through the expiratory limb, wherein during the initial part of expiration, the expired gas enters the inspiratory limb, displacing gas in the inspiratory limb and from the SGF into the gas reservoir, as the gas reservoir fills, the pressure in the circuit increases above the opening pressure of the pressure relief valve and the remainder of the expired gas is directed down the expired limb displacing; the gas out of the expired limb through the pressure relief valve to the ventilator breathing circuit from. where it is eventually vented to atmosphere through the expiratory port and the SGF continues to flow towards the patient down the inspiratory limb, displacing previously exhaled gas into the expiratory limb;
wherein during inhalation, the balloon valve occludes the ventilator circuit expiratory port and a volume of gas equal to a tidal volume is delivered by the ventilator into the ventilator circuit and hence into the SGF gas reservoir box, thereby displacing a volume equal to the tidal volume from the SGF gas reservoir into the inspiratory limb of the Magill circuit, the SGF continues to flow towards the patient down the inspiratory limb;
wherein the net tidal volume of the patient is equal to the volume displaced from the gas reservoir plus the SGF multiplied by the duration of inspiration, because the pressures on both sides of the Magill pressure relief valve are equal during inspiration, the differential pressure provided by the "opening pressure" of the valve keeps it closed during inspiration;
assuming that:
(1) the volume of the inspiratory limb is greater than or equal to [(SGF
×
expiratory time) + the anatomical dead space]; and the breathing bag volume is greater than [the largest expected tidal volume - (SGF × inspiratory time)], (2) SGF is <= 0.7 × V E
16. An improved rebreathing isocapnia circuit comprising a Y piece with a patient port, and inspiratory limb of the Y piece with a one way inspiratory valve and an expiratory limb of the Y piece with a one way expiratory valve; the inspiratory limb being connected to a SGF and a gas reservoir, the expiratory limb leading to an expiratory gas reservoir, the expiratory gas reservoir having a one way valve at the port where expired gases are vented from the expired gas reservoir which allows gas to exit the expiratory gas reservoir but not enter, leaving disposed between the expiratory limb end the inspiratory limb distal to the inspiratory and expiratory valves a bypass limb that contains a one-way valve with an opening pressure of the valve, being for example approximately 1.5 cm H2O, greater than the valves in the inspiratory limb of the Y piece and the expiratory limb of the Y piece; the direction of opening of the one-way valve in the bypass limb being from the expiratory limb to the inspiratory limb, the inspiratory and expiratory limbs being extended by tubing of variable lengths, the inspiratory and expiratory reservoirs being enclosed in a box with 3 ports; one port communicates with the box, one port communicates with the interior of the SGF reservoir only, one port communicates with the expiratory gas reservoir, the SGF reservoir is continuous with the inspiratory limb of the circuit, the expiratory gas reservoir is continuous with the expiratory limb of the circuit and has a port through which expired gas exits the expired gas reservoir and enters the box, a ventilator, a mushroom valve synchronized to occlude the ventilator circuit expiratory port during the inspiratory phase attached to the box ventilator port such that during the inspiratory phase, the tidal volume of the ventilator is discharged into the box, which will displace an equal volume from the gas reservoirs in the box; as the valve in the bypass limb has a greater opening pressure than the inspiratory valve, the inspiratory reservoir will be compressed in preference to the expiratory reservoir, when the inspiratory reservoir is collapsed, the remainder of the tidal volume will result from compression of the expiratory reservoir and displacement of gas through them bypass limb and valve and inspiratory valve to the patient, the total tidal volume will be equal to the volume displaced from the inspiratory reservoir plus the volume displaced from the expiratory reservoir plus the SGF multiplied by the time during inspiration; during exhalation, the balloon valve is deflated, opening the expiratory port of the ventilator circuit to atmosphere and the expiratory reservoir bag to atmosphere via the port, thus allowing exhaled gas to flow east the expiratory one-way valve down the expiratory limb into the expiratory reservoir, SGF flowing into the port being directed down the inspiratory limb to the SGF reservoir, wherein gas is displaced in the box by expansion of the SGF
reservoir send the expiratory gas reservoir is displaced from the box via the ventilator expiratory port; wherein SGF is less than or equal to V E - V Dan.
17. An improved non-rebreathing circuit, the improvement comprising a balloon valve circuit for spontaneous ventilation of a patient breathing spontaneously, said circuit having a Y piece with a patient port, an inspiratory limb including a balloon valve, connected to SGF and a gas reservoir, an expiratory limb consisting of a balloon valve leading to an expiratory gas reservoir, which has a port opening to the atmosphere, a tank of compressed air flows through solenoid valves to open or close the balloon valves, the solenoid valves being; controlled electronically by a computer, a pressure transducer connected to a mouthpiece for measuring when the fresh gas reservoir has been fully collapsed, the computer for receiving the signal and sending a signal to the solenoid valve to close the inspiratory valve and open the expiratory valve, the fresh gas flow continuously filling the fresh gas reservoir.
18. The method of claims 1, 2, or 11 used to calculate the rate of elimination of a gas X for any input total gas flow utilizing the following further relationships;
wherein the rate of elimination of gas X = the input total gas flow (multiplied by) F EX - FI X;
wherein F EX is defined above and F IS, is the concentration of X in inspired gas.
19. The method of any previous claim wherein said method is incorporated in an algorithm spreadsheet, formula or the like contained within software which is capable of running on a computing device, or is installed therein.
CA2379353A 2002-03-28 2002-03-28 A new method for continuous measurement of flux of gases in the lungs during breathing Expired - Fee Related CA2379353C (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2379353A CA2379353C (en) 2002-03-28 2002-03-28 A new method for continuous measurement of flux of gases in the lungs during breathing
CA 2419103 CA2419103A1 (en) 2002-03-28 2003-02-18 A simple approach to precisely calculate o2 consumption, and anasthetic absorption during low flow anesthesia
CA002419575A CA2419575A1 (en) 2002-03-28 2003-02-18 Breathing circuits to facilitate the measurement of non invasive cardiac output and other physiological parameters during controlled and spontaneous ventilation
CA002419622A CA2419622A1 (en) 2002-03-28 2003-02-19 A new method of measuring cardiac related parameters non-invasively with spontaneous and controlled ventilation
JP2003579920A JP2005521484A (en) 2002-03-28 2003-03-21 A method for continuous measurement of gas flow in the lungs during breathing
PCT/CA2003/000399 WO2003082390A1 (en) 2002-03-28 2003-03-21 Method for continuous measurement of flux of gases in the lungs during breathing
AU2003212165A AU2003212165A1 (en) 2002-03-28 2003-03-21 Method for continuous measurement of flux of gases in the lungs during breathing
US10/509,068 US7913690B2 (en) 2002-03-28 2003-03-21 Method for continuous measurement of flux of gases in the lungs during breathing
CA002480558A CA2480558A1 (en) 2002-03-28 2003-03-21 Method for continuous measurement of flux of gases in the lungs during breathing
EP03707977A EP1487525A1 (en) 2002-03-28 2003-03-21 Method for continuous measurement of flux of gases in the lungs during breathing

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2379353A CA2379353C (en) 2002-03-28 2002-03-28 A new method for continuous measurement of flux of gases in the lungs during breathing

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2379353A1 true CA2379353A1 (en) 2003-09-28
CA2379353C CA2379353C (en) 2012-07-31

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CA2379353A Expired - Fee Related CA2379353C (en) 2002-03-28 2002-03-28 A new method for continuous measurement of flux of gases in the lungs during breathing

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US (1) US7913690B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1487525A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2005521484A (en)
AU (1) AU2003212165A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2379353C (en)
WO (1) WO2003082390A1 (en)

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EP1610852B1 (en) 2003-02-18 2018-12-05 Joseph Fisher Breathing circuit to facilitate the measurement of cardiac output during controlled and spontaneous ventilation
JP4897477B2 (en) 2003-02-19 2012-03-14 フィッシャー，ジョセフ Device for automatically measuring pulmonary blood flow in a subject
FR2858236B1 (en) 2003-07-29 2006-04-28 Airox DEVICE AND METHOD FOR SUPPLYING RESPIRATORY GAS IN PRESSURE OR VOLUME
DE102004014538A1 (en) * 2004-03-23 2005-10-13 Seleon Gmbh Method for controlling a BiLevel device and BiLevel device
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