CA2427305A1 - Isolation of binding proteins with high affinity to ligands - Google Patents

Isolation of binding proteins with high affinity to ligands Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2427305A1
CA2427305A1 CA002427305A CA2427305A CA2427305A1 CA 2427305 A1 CA2427305 A1 CA 2427305A1 CA 002427305 A CA002427305 A CA 002427305A CA 2427305 A CA2427305 A CA 2427305A CA 2427305 A1 CA2427305 A1 CA 2427305A1
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Prior art keywords
bacterium
further defined
target substrate
candidate
binding protein
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Granted
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CA002427305A
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French (fr)
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CA2427305C (en
Inventor
Gang Chen
Andrew Hayhurst
Jeffrey G. Thomas
Brent L. Iverson
George Georgiou
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University of Texas System
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Individual
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Priority to CA2645194A priority Critical patent/CA2645194C/en
Publication of CA2427305A1 publication Critical patent/CA2427305A1/en
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Publication of CA2427305C publication Critical patent/CA2427305C/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N15/00Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/10Processes for the isolation, preparation or purification of DNA or RNA
    • C12N15/1034Isolating an individual clone by screening libraries

Abstract

The invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art by providing a rapid approach for isolating binding proteins capable of binding small molecules and peptides via "display-less" library screening. In the technique, libraries of candidate binding proteins, such as antibody sequences, are expressed in soluble form in the periplasmic space of gram negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, and are mixed with a labeled ligand. In clones expressing recombinant polypeptides with affinity for the ligand, the concentration of the labeled ligand bound to the binding protein is increased and allows the cells to be isolated from the rest of the library. Where fluorescent labeling of the target ligand is used, cells may be isolated by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS). The approach is more rapid than prior art methods and avoids problems associated with the surface-expression of ligand fusion proteins employed with phage display.

Claims (74)

1. A method of obtaining a bacterium comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a binding protein capable of binding a target ligand comprising the steps of:
(a) providing a Gram negative bacterium comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a candidate binding protein, wherein said binding protein is expressed in soluble form in said bacterium;
(b) contacting said bacterium with a labeled ligand capable of diffusing into said bacterium; and (c) selecting said bacterium based on the presence of said labeled ligand within the bacterium, wherein said ligand and said candidate binding protein are bound in said bacterium.
2. The method of claim 1, further defined as a method of obtaining a nucleic acid sequence encoding a binding protein capable of binding a target ligand, the method further comprising the step of:
(d) cloning said nucleic acid sequence encoding said candidate binding protein.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said binding protein is expressed in soluble form in the periplasm of said bacterium.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein said nucleic acid sequence encoding a candidate binding protein is further defined as operably linked to a leader sequence capable of directing expression of said candidate binding protein in said periplasm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said Gram negative bacterium is an E. coli bacterium.
6. The method of claim 1, further defined as comprising providing a population of Gram negative bacteria.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein said population of bacteria is further defined as collectively capable of expressing a plurality of candidate binding proteins.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein said population of bacteria is obtained by a method comprising the steps of:
(a) preparing a plurality DNA inserts which collectively encode a plurality of different potential binding proteins, and (b) transforming a population of Gram negative bacteria with said DNA inserts.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein said population of Gram negative bacteria is contacted with said labeled ligand.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein said candidate binding protein is further defined as an antibody or fragment thereof.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein said candidate binding protein is further defined as a binding protein other than an antibody.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein said candidate binding protein is further defined as an enzyme.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein said candidate binding protein is further defined as not capable of diffusing out of said periplasm in intact bacteria.
14. The method of claim 1, wherein said labeled ligand comprises a peptide.
15. The method of claim 1, wherein said labeled ligand comprises a polypeptide.
16. The method of claim 1, wherein said labeled ligand comprises an enzyme.
17. The method of claim 1 where said labeled ligand comprises a nucleic acid.
18. The method of claim 1, wherein said labeled ligand is further defined as comprising a molecular weight of less than about 20,000 Da.
19. The method of claim 1, wherein said labeled ligand is further defined as comprising a molecular weight of less than about 5,000 Da.
20. The method of claim 1, wherein said labeled ligand is further defined as comprising a molecular weight of greater than 600 Da and less than about 30,000 Da.
21. The method of claim 1, wherein said labeled ligand is further defined as fluorescently labeled.
22. The methods of claim 1, wherein said nucleic acid encoding a candidate binding protein if further defined as capable of being amplified following said selection.
23. The method of claim 1, further comprising treating said bacterium to facilitate said diffusing into said periplasm.
24. The method of claim 23, comprising treating the bacterium with hyperosmotic conditions.
25. The method of claim 23, comprising treating the bacterium with physical stress.
26. The method of claim 24, comprising treating the bacterium with a phage.
27. The method of claim 1, wherein said bacterium is grown at a sub-physiological temperature.
28. The method of claim 27, wherein said sub-physiological temperature is about 25°C
29. The method of claim 1, further comprising removing labeled ligand not bound to said candidate binding protein.
30. The method of claim 1, wherein said selecting comprises FACS.
31. The method of claim 1, wherein said selecting comprises magnetic separation.
32. The method of claim 1, wherein said ligand and said candidate binding protein are reversibly bound in said periplasm.
33. A method of obtaining a bacterium comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a catalytic protein catalyzing a chemical reaction involving a target substrate, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) providing a Gram negative bacterium comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a candidate catalytic protein, wherein said catalytic protein is expressed in soluble form in said bacterium;
(b) contacting said bacterium with a target substrate capable of diffusing into said bacterium, wherein said candidate catalytic protein catalyzes a chemical reaction involving said target substrate and wherein said chemical reaction yields at least a first substrate product; and (c) selecting said bacterium based on the presence of said first substrate product.
34. The method of claim 33, further defined as a method of obtaining a nucleic acid sequence encoding a catalytic protein catalyzing a reaction with a target substrate, the method further comprising the step of:
(d) cloning said nucleic acid sequence encoding said candidate catalytic protein.
35. The method of claim 33, wherein said candidate catalytic protein is expressed in soluble form in the periplasm of said bacterium.
36. The method of claim 35, wherein said nucleic acid sequence encoding a candidate catalytic protein is further defined as operably linked to a leader sequence capable of directing expression of said candidate catalytic protein in said periplasm.
37. The method of claim 33, wherein said Gram negative bacterium is an E. coli bacterium.
38. The method of claim 33, further defined as comprising providing a population of Gram negative bacteria.
39. The method of claim 38, wherein said population of bacteria is further defined as collectively capable of expressing a plurality of candidate catalytic proteins.
40. The method of claim 39, wherein said population of bacteria is obtained by a method comprising the steps of:
(a) preparing a plurality DNA inserts which collectively encode a plurality of different candidate catalytic proteins, and (b) transforming a population of Gram negative bacteria with said DNA inserts.
41. The method of claim 38, wherein said population of Gram negative bacteria is contacted with said target substrate.
42. The method of claim 33, wherein said candidate catalytic protein is further defined as an enzyme.
43. The method of claim 33, wherein said candidate catalytic protein is further defined as not capable of diffusing out of said periplasm.
44. The method of claim 33, wherein said target substrate comprises a molecule containing a scissile amide bond.
45. The method of claim 33, wherein said target substrate comprises a polypeptide.
46. The method of claim 33, wherein said target substrate comprises a molecule containing a scissile carboxylic ester bond.
47. The method of claim 33, wherein said target substrate comprises a nucleic acid.
48. The method of claim 33, wherein said target substrate comprises a molecule containing a scissile phosphate ester bond.
49. The method of claim 33, wherein said target substrate comprises a molecule containing a scissile sulfonate ester bond.
50. The method of claim 33, wherein said target substrate comprises a molecule containing a scissile carbonate ester bond.
51. The method of claim 33, wherein said target substrate comprises a molecule containing a scissile carbamate bond.
52. The method of claim 33, wherein said target substrate comprises a molecule containing a scissile thioester bond.
53. The method of claim 33, wherein said target substrate is further defined as comprising a molecular weight of less than about 20,000 Da.
54. The method of claim 33, wherein said target substrate is further defined as comprising a molecular weight of less than about 5,000 Da.
55. The method of claim 33, wherein said target substrate is further defined as comprising a molecular weight of less than about 3,000 Da.
56. The method of claim 33, wherein said target substrate is further defined as comprising a molecular weight of greater than about 600 Da and less than about 30,000 Da.
57. The method of claim 33, wherein said first substrate product is further defined as capable of being detected based on the presence of a fluorescent signature.
58. The method of claim 57, wherein said fluorescent signature is absent in said target substrate.
59. The method of claim 58, wherein said fluorescent signature is produced by catalytic cleavage of a scissile bond.
60. The method of claim 59, further defined as comprising use of a FRET
system, said FRET system comprising a fluorophore bound by a scissile bond to at least a first molecule capable of quenching the fluorescence of said fluorophore, wherein cleavage of said scissile bond allows said first molecule to diffuse away from the fluorophore and wherein the fluorescence of said fluorophore becomes detectable.
61. The method of claim 60, wherein the fluorophore comprises a positive charge allowing the fluorophore to remain associated with the bacterium.
62. The method of claim 57, wherein said target substrate is further defined as comprising a latent fluorescent moiety capable of being released by said chemical reaction involving said target substrate.
63. The method of claim 62, wherein the latent fluorescent moiety released by said cleavage possesses an overall positive charge allowing said moiety to remain associated with the bacterium following said cleavage.
64. The method of claim 57, further defined as comprising labeling said target substrate with a fluorescent pH probe capable of being detected upon a change in pH
associated with said chemical reaction involving said target substrate.
65. The method of claim 64, wherein said fluorescent pH probe possesses an overall positive charge allowing said fluorescent pH probe to remain associated with the bacterium following said chemical reaction involving said target substrate.
66. The method of claim 33, wherein said bacterium is further defined as viable following said selecting.
67. The method of claim 33, further comprising treating said bacterium to facilitate said diffusing into said periplasm.
68. The method of claim 67, comprising treating the bacterium with hyperosmotic conditions.
69. The method of claim 67, comprising treating the bacterium with physical stress.
70. The method of claim 67, comprising treating the bacterium with a phage.
71. The method of claim 33, wherein said bacterium is grown at a sub-physiological temperature.
72. The method of claim 71, wherein said sub-physiological temperature is about 25°C.
73. The method of claim 33, wherein said selecting comprises FACS.
74. The method of claim 33, wherein said selecting comprises magnetic separation.
CA2427305A 2000-10-27 2001-10-26 Isolation of binding proteins with high affinity to ligands Expired - Fee Related CA2427305C (en)

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US09/699,023 US7083945B1 (en) 2000-10-27 2000-10-27 Isolation of binding proteins with high affinity to ligands
US09/699,023 2000-10-27
PCT/US2001/046795 WO2002034886A2 (en) 2000-10-27 2001-10-26 Isolation of binding proteins with high affinity to ligands

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EP (1) EP1356023B1 (en)
JP (2) JP4159872B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE489453T1 (en)
AU (2) AU2002230635B2 (en)
CA (2) CA2645194C (en)
DE (1) DE60143545D1 (en)
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WO (1) WO2002034886A2 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
US7871796B2 (en) 2011-01-18
JP2004531206A (en) 2004-10-14
EP1356023B1 (en) 2010-11-24
AU2002230635B2 (en) 2007-02-08
CA2645194C (en) 2012-02-07
US7083945B1 (en) 2006-08-01
DK1356023T3 (en) 2011-03-14
WO2002034886A3 (en) 2003-07-31
WO2002034886A9 (en) 2003-02-13
ATE489453T1 (en) 2010-12-15
CA2645194A1 (en) 2002-05-02
CA2427305C (en) 2011-10-04
EP1356023A2 (en) 2003-10-29
WO2002034886A2 (en) 2002-05-02
US20070065913A1 (en) 2007-03-22
AU3063502A (en) 2002-05-06
JP4159872B2 (en) 2008-10-01
DE60143545D1 (en) 2011-01-05
JP2008099710A (en) 2008-05-01

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