CA2453674A1 - Point to multipoint system and process for the transmission over the electricity network of digital data - Google Patents

Point to multipoint system and process for the transmission over the electricity network of digital data Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2453674A1
CA2453674A1 CA002453674A CA2453674A CA2453674A1 CA 2453674 A1 CA2453674 A1 CA 2453674A1 CA 002453674 A CA002453674 A CA 002453674A CA 2453674 A CA2453674 A CA 2453674A CA 2453674 A1 CA2453674 A1 CA 2453674A1
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Prior art keywords
data
electricity network
point
head
digital
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CA002453674A
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French (fr)
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CA2453674C (en
Inventor
Jorge Vicente Blasco Claret
Juan Carlos Riveiro Insua
Nils Hakan Fouren
Carlos Pardo Vidal
Juan Miguel Gavillero Martin
Jose Luis Gonzalez Moreno
Francisco Javier Jimenez Marquina
Francisco Jose Andres Navarro
Victor Dominguez Richards
Maria Teresa Forment Tarrega
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MaxLinear Hispania SL
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Individual
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Publication of CA2453674A1 publication Critical patent/CA2453674A1/en
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Publication of CA2453674C publication Critical patent/CA2453674C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0058Allocation criteria
    • H04L5/006Quality of the received signal, e.g. BER, SNR, water filling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/54Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
    • H04B3/542Systems for transmission via power distribution lines the information being in digital form
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2626Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0044Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path allocation of payload
    • H04L5/0046Determination of how many bits are transmitted on different sub-channels
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5404Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5404Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines
    • H04B2203/5408Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines using protocols
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5404Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines
    • H04B2203/5416Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines by adding signals to the wave form of the power source
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5404Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines
    • H04B2203/5425Methods of transmitting or receiving signals via power distribution lines improving S/N by matching impedance, noise reduction, gain control
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5462Systems for power line communications
    • H04B2203/5495Systems for power line communications having measurements and testing channel
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT

Abstract

The system enables bidirectional communication between a center and a plurality of users via the electric network and is characterized in that low and high speed communication can be established to provide multiple high-quality services to the users. The system comprises means to perform network and frequency time-sharing and/or orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA).

Claims (34)

1.- SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT TO
MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICTY NETWORK, that comprises a communication in the downstream channel, determined by a link from the head-end to various different users, and a communication in the upstream channel, determined by a link from each of the users to the head-end, where the communication medium is the electricity network (5) and communication is achieved by means of an OFDM modulation (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) to obtain OFDM symbols, where both the head-end and the users contain a transmitter/receiver that includes a medium access control module (MAC) (14) to provide a master-slave communication, as well as means to add/extract a cyclic prefix (31, 55) in the OFDM symbols and means of converting the OFDM symbols from frequency to time and from time to frequency (30, 56), and digital-to-analog (34) and analog-to-digital (52) converters; characterized in that the transmitter(1)/receiver(2) of the head-end and the users comprises:
means to adapt the digital signal to the electricity network that provide:
an OFDM modulation with a carrier width reduced to at least 1,5 KHz and with the number of carriers increased to at least 500 carriers for each 10MHz to strengthen against selective frequency fadings arising from the varying cable lengths in the electricity network between each user and the head-end and to strengthen against interferences in the electricity network;
a cyclic prefix (65) of long duration, at least 7 microseconds, to recover the signal;
where the transmitter (1) includes means of sharing the medium in time TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access), in frequency FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access), and/ or in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), of the data transmitted in both the upstream and downstream channels for multiple users;
where the receivers (2) include means to process the information corresponding to the data transmitted in the communication in the time and frequency domains, to reach maximum throughput;
means to calculate without interruption the SNR (signal to noise ratio) (57) for each of the carriers in the OFDM modulation in both the upstream and downstream, so that different users located at differing distances from the head-end use dynamically different carriers in the same OFDM symbol, with a variable number of bits per carrier, maximizing the throughput of the channel in time;
where the transmitter includes means (23) to assign without interruption the carriers and a particular number of bits per carrier to each of the carriers in the OFDM modulation from the result of the SNR
calculation, and means to associate the number of the bits to be transmitted to each designated carrier (83) to achieve the transmission taking into consideration the changes suffered by the electricity line (5) response at different distances between the users and the head-end in each frequency, and to adapt transmission speed in function of the SNR calculation and the quality of transmission required for each user;
means to translate the frequency (33) to user bandwidths higher than base band, so as to be adapted to the electricity network and to allow the use of spectral zones superior to base band.
2.- SYSTEM FOR THR DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT TO
MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 1, characterized in that said means of frequency translation are constituted by IQ (in phase and quadrature) modulators (33) and demodulators (53).
3. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 2, characterized in that said IQ modulators (33) and demodulators (53) are digital.
4. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 2, characterized in that said IQ modulators (33) and demodulators (53) are analog.
5. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 1, characterized in that said means of frequency translation (33, 53) comprise a filtering process and the selection of one of the harmonics, starting from the second harmonic, in the spectrum of the OFDM symbol at the exit of the digital-to-analog converter.
6. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 5, characterized in that it includes means of pre-equalizing the selected harmonic to avoid that different frequencies receive different treatment by the action of the digital-to-analog converter (34).
7. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claims 2 and 5, characterized in that said frequency translation (33) made by the transmitters places the signals transmitted through the network above 1 MHz.
8. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 1, characterized in that said means of making the frequency to time conversion of the OFDM symbols in the transmitters (30) are set up by a device that makes the complex form of the inverse of the discrete Fourier transform (IDFT), and because the time to frequency conversion made by the receivers occurs via a device (56) that makes the complex form of the discrete Fourier transform (DFT).
9. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claims 3 and 8, characterized in that said complex DFT
(56) is used in combination with digital IQ modulation (53) including interpolators and decimators to reduce the number of points needed in the discrete Fourier transform, and to simplify the system hardware.
10. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 1, characterized in that both the head-end and the users contain the means to dynamically add FEC (forward error correction) information (20) that allocates data blocks which includes information for the correction/detection of errors, so that the FEC in each block and for each user varies in order to adapt it to the different user situations at different distances and using different carriers.
11. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 1, characterized in that both the head-end and the users include the means of interleaving in time (22), to distribute the data of the information transmitted in such a way that the errors produced by noise in the network are spread over various data blocks in reception.
12. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claims 10 and 11, characterized in that said FEC code (20) and the interleaving in time (22) change for each packet of information to be transmitted and for each user, to adapt them to the communication with different users situated at different distances from the head-end and using different carriers of the OFDM modulation.
13. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT

TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 1, characterized in that said head-end and users transmitters (1) comprise the means to allow analog processing (8) in order to make the transformation from the digital to analog domain and that includes a digital-to-analog converter (34), the means to establish the voltage and power of the signal (36) to be sent, and the means of filtering to adapt the signal to be transmitted over the electricity network (5); while the head-end and user receivers (2) include the means of analog processing (11) to make the transformation from the analog to digital domain by means of an analog-to-digital converter (52) to recover the original digital signal.
14. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 1, characterized in that said head-end and user transmitters (1) comprise an interface connection (12) with an external equipment.
15. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 13, characterized in that said head-end and user transmitters (1) comprise the means of scrambling (24) to avoid that certain data patterns produce signals in phase with peak voltages higher to those admissible by the analog processing means (8); and where the head-end and user receivers (2) include the means of de-scrambling (59) to obtain the original data previous to the scrambling process.
16. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 1, characterized in that said head-end and user transmitters (1) include the means of interleaving in frequency, made up by a tone ordering and association module (23) so as to assign the OFDM carriers in the upstream/downstream carriers to each one of the users and to assign without interruption the number of bits associated with each carrier in the OFDM modulation.
17. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 16, characterized in that said means of associating the bits to be transmitted with each carrier so as to make the transmission comprise a variable constellation encoder (28), that encodes the data to be sent with the number of bits specified for each carrier, wherein the variable encoder is constituted by one, various or all of the following modulations:
m-DPSK (differential phase modulation), m-PSK (phase modulation), m-QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation), (m, n)-APSK (amplitude and phase modulation).
18. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 17, characterized in that said head-end and user receivers include a variable constellation decoder (58) that decodifies the received data with the number of bits specified for each carrier, wherein the variable decoder is constituted by one, various or all or the following demodulators:
m-DPSK (differential phase demodulation) m-PSK (phase demodulation) m-QAM (quadature amplitude demodulation) (m, n)-APSK (amplitude and phase demodulation).
19. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 16, characterized in that said head-end and user receivers include the complementary tone ordering and association module (60) to the tone ordering and association module in the head-end and user transmitters.
20. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 1, characterized in that said head-end and user receivers include the means of pre-equalization (57), to modify the amplitude and phase of the received signals
21. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 13, characterized in that said analog processing means include furthermore, amplifiers and/or attenuators (36, 50), connected to a hybrid circuit and to a separator (4) to allow the introduction/extraction of the signal in/from the electricity network (5) eliminating the component that is carried by the network (50-60 Hz).
22. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 1, characterized in that said head-end and users comprise a module to control the synchronization (27) between the transmitter (1) and the receiver (2), making the error correction in frequency and windowing the signal in time.
23. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 19, characterized in that it includes a frequencial processing module (29) that is made up of a module for power pre-equalization and by a rotor for the correction of the rotated angle of the constellations to be sent through the electricity network in the case of the emitter and receiver of the users; and a the synchronization controller, in the head-end receiver, that is linked to a frequencial processing module that comprises a power pre-equalization module; all of this to avoid that the transmitter/receiver of the head-end has to make any correction of the rotated angle of the constellation in the upstream channel.
24. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 1, characterized in that said head-end and user receivers (2) include a frequency equalizer (FEQ) (57) that makes the equalization in each one of the carriers both in the upstream and downstream, to allow a coherent demodulation of the information transmitted in these carriers.
25. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 22, characterized in that said error correction in frequency is made by altering the sampling speed in the master clocks (38) of the analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters (34).
26. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 22, characterized in that said correction of errors in frequency is made by resampling the digital signal obtained in the receiver.
27. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 22, characterized in that said head-end and user receivers include the means to extract the cyclic prefix (65) of the OFDM symbols received from the information obtained in the synchronization module, in order to eliminate the interference between symbols in reception produced by the echoes in the multipath propagation of the signal through the electricity network (5), and to obtain the original OFDM symbols transmitted.
28. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 1, characterized in that said SNR (80) is calculated from the difference of the signal expected and the signal received over a certain time period, and because the transmission speed is adapted by comparison of SNR (80) with certain previously fixed thresholds (76, 77, 78, 79) that are a function of the different modulation constellations used in the system and the maximum rate of errors wanted at any time, wherein the thresholds (76, 77, 78, 79) previously established preferably contain histeresis.
29. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 1, characterized in that said head-end and user MAC
(14) include means of informing through the downstream of which user may transmit by the upstream in each time period and which carriers it can use.
30. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 1, characterized in that said user and head-end MAC
(14) includes the means of inserting a header (17) in the data to be transmitted (15), indicating from whom and to whom the data is directed and the form in which said data has been coded.
31. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 1, characterized in that said upstream and downstream channels are separated in frequency, time code or any combination of them.
32. - SYSTEM FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 29 and 30, characterized in that said information transmitted in the downstream channel is received by all the user receivers, so that these contain means to determine whether the information received should be recovered.
33. - PROCESS FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT
TO MULTIPOINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, that comprises a communication in the downstream channel, determined by a link from the head-end to various different users, and a communication in the upstream channel, determined by a link from each of the users to the head-end, where the communication medium is the electricity network (5) and communication is achieved by an OFDM modulation (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) to obtain OFDM symbols, where both the head-end and the users transmit/receive with a medium access control (MAC) (14) to provide a master-slave communication, and add/extract a cyclic prefix (31, 55), in the OFDM symbols and convert the OFDM symbols from frequency to time and from time to frequency (30, 56), and accomplish digital-to-analog (34) and analog-to-digital (52) conversions; characterized in that said process for the digital transmission of data comprises the following phases:
adaptation of the transmissible digital data signal and multiplexing of this signal (12) to create the transmissible frames, inserting enough redundancy (20) to make the correction/detection of errors in reception, interleaving in time (22) to diminish and make easy the correction of errors, measurement of the SNR (80), dynamically assignation of the number of bits per carrier (23) in function of the result of the measurement of the SNR and the quality required by each user, coding each one carrier of the OFDM modulation (28) with the variable number of bits assigned per carrier, transforming the coded signal from the frequency to the time domain (30) using the inverse fast Fourier transformation (IFFT), adding the cyclic prefix to the signal in time (31) to avoid that the echoes produced by the multipath propagation, that happens to the signal in the electricity network, damage the recovery of the OFDM
symbols, translation of the signal obtained in frequency (33) in order to use bands higher than base band and to adapt the transmission to the electricity network and to use spectral superior bands than base band, converting the digital signal to an analog signal (34) and adapting it (35, 36) in order to send it through the network.
34. - PROCESS FOR THE DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA, POINT TO MULTI-POINT OVER THE ELECTRICITY NETWORK, according to claim 33, characterized in that it includes an inverse process that occurs in reception (2).
CA2453674A 2000-12-18 2001-12-18 Point to multipoint system and process for the transmission over the electricity network of digital data Expired - Fee Related CA2453674C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP200003024 2000-12-18
ES200003024A ES2184587B1 (en) 2000-12-18 2000-12-18 SYSTEM AND PROCEDURE FOR DIGITAL TRANSMISSION OF DATA POINT TO MULTIPOINT ON ELECTRICAL NETWORK.
PCT/ES2001/000490 WO2002051024A1 (en) 2000-12-18 2001-12-18 Digital point-to-multipoint data transmission system on an electric network

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2453674A1 true CA2453674A1 (en) 2002-06-27
CA2453674C CA2453674C (en) 2010-06-22

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CA2453674A Expired - Fee Related CA2453674C (en) 2000-12-18 2001-12-18 Point to multipoint system and process for the transmission over the electricity network of digital data

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US (1) US7391714B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1351408B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4263483B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100722810B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100531000C (en)
AT (1) ATE369666T1 (en)
AU (2) AU2002216122B2 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0116692B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2453674C (en)
CY (1) CY1107070T1 (en)
DE (1) DE60129845T2 (en)
DK (1) DK1351408T3 (en)
EA (1) EA005957B1 (en)
ES (2) ES2184587B1 (en)
HK (1) HK1059512A1 (en)
IL (2) IL156440A0 (en)
MX (1) MXPA03005314A (en)
PT (1) PT1351408E (en)
WO (1) WO2002051024A1 (en)

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